Abstract: A lubricant material for assisting machining process comprising a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5.0×104 or more and 2.0×105 or less.

Abstract: Process and device for cooling a steel strip (1) running through the cooling section (2) of a continuous line, whereby cooling is achieved by projecting the strip with an aqueous solution of formic acid with a concentration of formic acid between 0.1% and 6%, and preferably between 0.5% and 2%.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal sheet comprising pinching the metal sheet in rapid quenching between a pair of pinch rolls in the range where the temperature of the metal sheet is from (TMs+150) (° C.) to (TMf?150) (° C.), wherein the Ms temperature of the metal sheet is TMs (° C.) and the Mf temperature thereof is TMf (° C.), as well as a rapid quenching unit comprising a pair of pinch rolls capable of use in such a method.

Abstract: A method for forming and treating a steel article of a high strength and high ductility alloy particularly suited for use as armor plate. The method includes the steps of providing a starting material for the steel article, heating the starting material to a peak temperature range in less than ten seconds, holding the heated steel composition at the peak temperature range for between two and six seconds, quenching the heated steel composition from the peak temperature range to below 100° C. (212° F.) at a temperature rate reduction of 400 and 3000° C./sec (752 and 5432° F./sec), removing residual quench media from the surface of the quenched steel composition, tempering the quenched steel composition at a temperature of 100 to 260° C. (212 to 500° F.); and air cooling the tempered steel composition to less than 100° C. (212° F.) to form a steel having desired mechanical properties.

Abstract: A cooling system that cools hot rolled long steel bar, provided with a plurality of chambers that are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the rolled steel bar. Each of the plurality of chambers is provided with a blow outlet that, facing from the chamber to the rolled steel bar, blows out compressed air for cooling that is introduced to the chamber from a gas inlet that is connected to the chamber; a nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzle holes that is provided at this blow outlet so as to face the rolled steel bar; a cooling water supply nozzle that supplies cooling water into the chamber; and a rectifying plate that is provided between the gas inlet and the cooling water supply nozzle, and that prevents the compressed gas for cooling that is introduced from the gas inlet from directly striking the nozzle plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of cooling a hot-rolled steel strip which has passed through a finishing rolling, including: cooling the hot-rolled steel strip from a first temperature of not lower than 600° C. and not higher than 650° C. to a second temperature of not higher than 450° C. with cooling water having the water amount density of not lower than 4 m3/m2/min and not higher than 10 m3/m2/min, wherein with respect to the area of the target surface, the area of a portion where a plurality of spray jets of the cooling water directly strikes on the target surface is at least 80%.

Abstract: A cooling device and a cooling method for a hot strip allow uniform and stable cooling of the strip at a high cooling rate when supplying the coolant to the upper surface of the hot strip. The cooling device includes an upper header unit 21 for supplying a rod-like flow to the upper surface of the strip 10. The upper header unit 21 is formed of the first upper header group including plural first upper headers 21a arranged in a conveying direction and a second upper header group including plural second upper headers 21b arranged in the conveying direction. The cooling device is provided with an ON-OFF mechanism 30 to allow each of the upper headers 21a and 21b of the first and the second upper header groups to independently execute the ON-OFF control (start/end injection control) of an injection (feeding) of the rod-like flow.

Abstract: A cooling system that cools hot rolled long steel bar, provided with a plurality of chambers that are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the rolled steel bar. Each of the plurality of chambers is provided with a blow outlet that, facing from the chamber to the rolled steel bar, blows out compressed air for cooling that is introduced to the chamber from a gas inlet that is connected to the chamber; a nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzle holes that is provided at this blow outlet so as to face the rolled steel bar; a cooling water supply nozzle that supplies cooling water into the chamber; and a rectifying plate that is provided between the gas inlet and the cooling water supply nozzle, and that prevents the compressed gas for cooling that is introduced from the gas inlet from directly striking the nozzle plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a quenching medium for treating a heated metal part, said medium comprising water and a polyacrylate terpolymer comprising acrylamide and/or methacrylamide monomer units, acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid monomer units and alkyl alkoxylate allyl ether monomer units where the acid groups are in the form of an alkali metal salt and where the alkyl alkoxylate allyl ether monomers are of the formula where n is an integer from 1 to about 30, R is ethylene, propylene or butylene and G is an alkyl group of 8 to 30 carbon atoms. Also disclosed is a method for quenching a heated metal part, which process comprises immersing said metal part in the quenching medium. Also disclosed are the polyacrylate ternary copolymers.

Abstract: A method of cooling both surfaces of steel plate, which stably secures precision of cooling control from a start of cooling to an end so as to uniformly cool the top and bottom surfaces of the steel plate and thereby stably secures the steel plate quality and cools the steel plate down to a target temperature with a good precision. The method comprises dividing a steel plate cooling region into at least a spray impact part region and a spray non-impact part region, predicting a heat transfer coefficient for each divided region in advance, computing a predicted temperature history of the steel plate based on this predicted value, and setting and controlling amounts of sprayed coolant on the spray impact part regions by top and bottom surface nozzles.

Abstract: Provided is a quenching method capable of producing quenched articles having little distortion and having a desired hardness. The quenching method with a coolant is specifically so controlled that the surface of the quenching bath is kept under pressure all the time throughout the step of cooling the articles being processed therein.

Abstract: A polymeric quenchant. The polymeric quenchant comprises an inorganic nanoparticle, a water-soluble polymer, and water, wherein a weight ratio of the inorganic nanoparticle, water-soluble polymer and water is about 0.05-5:1-5:100. The cooling rate of steel during a quenching process can be adjusted by regulating the components and ratios of the adjusted by regulating the components and ratios of the polymeric quenchant to achieve desirable steel properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for cooling a steel plate comprising the steps of: forming a water pool with jets of cooling water being injected to impinge on one another by using one slit-nozzle and a plurality of induced laminar flow nozzles, the slit nozzle being provided in a position on an upper surface side of the steel plate, and the induced laminar flow nozzles being provided in a position on a lower surface side of the steel plate along a transfer direction and a direction perpendicular to the transfer direction; and passing the steel plate into the water pool, wherein when a top portion of the steel plate passes over the induced laminar flow nozzles located at least on the side of highest upstream, a volume of the cooling water to be injected from each of the induced laminar flow nozzles is reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a material of a kick-down drum comprising fine ferrite and microdispersion spheroidized cementite for an automobile also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the kick-down drum material. The kick-down drum of this invention can greatly improve hardenability and durability of the spline member and also has advantages of reducing production costs due to a simplified process of adding only a heating process.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making a multiphase hot-rolled steel strip comprising an ultra-fast cooling operations, which consists in carrying out said ultra-fast cooling operation after controlled slow cooling of the strip on a conventional slow cooling table of the rolling mill. The controlled cooling constitutes a first slow cooling, at the output of the finishing mill, from an end-of-roll temperature to an intermediate temperature of about 750° C. to 500° C.; said first cooling determines the fraction of the first phase (ferrite) in the steel. The ultra-fast cooling (>150° C./s), which solidifies the resulting structure, lowers the temperature of the strip down to a coiling temperature, ranging between about 600° C. and room temperature, at which a second slow cooling is performed which results if the formation of the second phase (bainite or martensite).

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling a hot rolled steel strip comprising a transfer means arranged behind a final finishing mill, the transfer means comprising a plurality of transfer rolls for transferring the steel strip; at least one upper surface cooling means arranged at an upper surface side of the transfer means for cooling the steel strip by ejecting cooling water to an upper surface of the steel strip, the upper surface cooling means being capable of moving freely up and down and having a water breaking means at least at an outlet side of the cooling apparatus and at a position corresponding to the transfer rolls; and at least one lower surface cooling means arranged at a lower surface side of the transfer means relative to the upper surface cooling means and the steel strip to be transferred, for cooling the hot strip by ejecting cooling water at a lower surface of the steel strip.

Abstract: A high strength and high ductility low carbon steel having a tensile strength of 800 MPa or more, an uniform elongation of 5% or more, and an elongation to failure of 20% or more which is produced by a method comprising subjecting an ordinary low carbon steel or an ordinary low carbon steel added with boron in an amount being 0.01% or less and effective for accelerating martensitic transformation to processing and heat treatment to prepare a product having coarser size of austenite crystal grains and then to water-quenching, to provide a steel product having a martensite phase in an amount of 90% or more, and subjecting the steel product to a low strain processing, specifically a cold rolling at a total rolling reduction in thickness of 20% or more and less than 80%, and to a low temperature annealing at 500° C. to 600° C., and a method for producing said high strength and high ductility low carbon steel.

Abstract: This invention relates to application of eco-friendly starch solution as a quenching medium for heated metal parts fabricated from steel, alloy steel, aluminum and aluminum alloys. Depending on the material grade, critical temperature and desired cooling rate, various types of starch solution can be used and the composition and concentration of the starch quenchant can be tailored to provide the required cooling characteristics for wide range of materials. In particular the starch solutions have the potential to replace quenching oil. The starch solutions are environmentally friendly, having no toxic fumes and no after usage disposal liabilities as compared to oil fumes.

Abstract: Objects formed of engineering and tool steels are quenched from above 850° C. by immersion in an aqueous suspension of inorganic particles. The greater the proportion of particles, the slower the quench. The suspension may be saturated with carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A steel has a tensile strength of 850 to 1700 MPa, a yield ratio of at most 80%, and a penetration border energy ratio of at least 2.0 relative to the penetration border energy of a reference steel JIS SS400 (corresponding to ASTM A36) of the same thickness. The steel can be produced by first effecting a heat treatment 1 on an unstable austenitic steel; then effecting, at least once, one or more or any combination of the heat treatment 1 and a heat treatment 2 on the steel; and then finally effecting the heat treatment 2 on the steel. Heat treatment 1 heats the unstable austenitic steel to at least the Ac3 transformation temperature and then water-cools the steel to a temperature below 350° C. Heat treatment 2 heats the steel to a temperature between Ac3 and Ac1 transformation temperatures and then water-cools the steel to a temperature below 350° C.

Abstract: A method for heat-treating steel, which method uses a coolant having a large coefficient of heat transfer and which method treats the steel at low cost and in an environment-friendly manner (no pollution), and an apparatus for the method. The heat-treatment method cools austenitized steel in a coolant, which is a mixture of solid particles and water. It is desirable to cool the steel by passing it through a deposited layer of the solid particles in the water. It is desirable that the solid particles be oxides or graphite powders. It is also desirable to fluidize the solid particles. One type of the heat-treatment apparatus submerges steel in a coolant bath described below. The coolant bath comprises (a) a liquid bath that contains water and (b) a solid-particle bath that is partitioned in the liquid bath by a mesh and that contains solid particles. The mesh has openings smaller than the particle diameter of the solid particles.

Abstract: A quenching apparatus and a method for hardening steel parts is disclosed. The method optimizes cooling conditions preventing the occurrence of film boiling and the “self-regulated thermal process” while optimizing the depth of the hardened layer and providing increased strength for the steel part. The optimum depth of hardening is considered to be when the surface compressive stresses on the part are at their maximum value and depth. In addition, “maximum” steel strength is achieved when the cooling rate of the part is above a certain minimum level. However, additional strengthening of the part occurs when the rate of cooling avoids both film boiling and subsequent nucleate boiling, and cooling of the part proceeds directly into the convection cooling process. At the end of the quenching process, some steel parts may benefit from isothermal cooling in air, i.e., self tempering.

Abstract: A variable rate quench system allows the cooling of a heated workpiece to be controlled more closely. A liquid quenchant used in the system has an initial temperature, density and heat extraction index. The system comprises a first tank containing the liquid quenchant and to receive the workpiece and a second tank communicated to the first tank. The first tank has a means for agitating the liquid quenchant around the workpiece and a supply of make-up liquid quenchant communicated thereto. The second tank has a slurry of a non-liquid solid phase quenchant modifier and a means for selectively controlling addition of the slurry to the first tank. A real time data acquisition system acquires and analyzes temperature, density and agitation rate of the liquid quenchant, calculates an instantaneous heat extraction index of the liquid quenchant and compares the difference between the calculated index and a predetermined ideal index. Corrective action to minimize the difference is then taken.

Abstract: A process for selectively hardening a forged track chain link has the following steps. A forged track chain link having a pad portion, a rail portion, a first side portion and a second side portion, is provided. A quench tank is provided and adapted for spraying one or more of the track chain link portions with a quenchant at a controlled amount of quenchant flow rates, quenchant pressures and quench times. One or more of the track chain link portions are sprayed with the quenchant at a controlled amount of one or more of a plurality of quenchant flow rates, a plurality of quenchant pressures and a plurality of quench times. The pad and rail portions are simultaneously hardened to predetermined respective hardnesses.

Abstract: Martensitic steel components of apparatus for magnetic conditioning of liquids which are subjected to cathodic reaction and degradation are treated prior to use to form a barrier of iron-chromium oxide and a uniform level of hardness throughout by heating the steel to a temperature near the grain boundary temperature of the steel, maintaining that temperature for a specified period and then rapidly quenching the steel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of very hard armour plates from steel slabs, wherein the slabs are hot rolled to a final thickness above 50 mm and then hardened and possibly tempered. The characterizing feature of the invention is that a continuously cast slab is produced from a steel having0.25 to 0.32% C0.05 to 0 75% Si0.10 to 1.50% Mn0.90 to 2.00% Cr0.10 to 0.70% Mo1 20 to 4 50% Ni0.01 to 0.08% Almax 0.015% Pmax 0.005% Smax 0.012% Nresidue Fe, including usual impurities,the slab then being heated to a temperature of 1150.degree. C. or higher and heated through, whereafter following cooling in air and by the spraying of its two wide sides with pressurized water, the slab is hot rolled with a surface temperature in the range of 1050.degree. to 900.degree. C. in shaping passes having an individual deformation of .epsilon..sub.h >0.1 and with a shape factor SF>0.40 to the final thickness.

Abstract: An interrupted normalize heat treatment process for ferritic alloy steel that includes the steps of rapidly cooling at least the outer surfaces of the steel from a temperature above the Ac temperature to a temperature below the Ar, temperature and during subsequent air cooling to room temperature reheating the outside surfaces of the ferritic alloy steel back above the Ar, temperature by bleed back heat from the steel, and forming an as interrupting normalized workpiece having substantially bainitic structures.

Abstract: An interrupted normalization heat treatment process for ferritic alloy steel that includes the steps of rapidly cooling at least the outer surfaces of the steel from a temperature above the Ac.sub.3, temperature to a temperature below the Ar.sub.1, temperature and during subsequent air cooling to room temperature reheating the outside surfaces of the ferritic alloy steel back above the Ar.sub.1, temperature by bleed back heat from the steel, tempering the air cooled workpiece, and forming an as interrupting normalized workpiece having substantially bainitic structures.

Abstract: A method of quenching metal components utilizing a water based quenching composition which includes a polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer of high molecular weight and in relatively high concentrations and thereafter power washing the parts to remove the polymeric film. Another preferred embodiment uses the same high molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone in combination with two rust inhibiting agents which greatly extend the time during which the quenchant film left on the quenched parts remains water soluable, while still providing an excellent approximation of the cooling curve characteristic of an oil quenchant.