Abstract: A bias tire includes a reinforcement member disposed between a first carcass and an additional carcass in the crown region of the tire for restricting the circumferential growth of the tire. The reinforcement member includes a plurality of cords oriented at zero degrees. The total circumferential strength of the reinforcement member is about 20 to 250% of the circumferential strength of the carcass plies. The reinforcement member, first carcass, and additional carcass are formed on a tire building drum as a green tire component in a method of making the tire.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has organic fiber carcass cords. The organic fiber carcass cords comprise double-twisted fiber yarns and satisfy the following equations. ##EQU1## where D.sub.1 is the original denier, D.sub.2 is the total of the original denier, N.sub.1 is a ply-twisting coefficient, N.sub.2 is a cable-twisting coefficient, n.sub.1, is the ply-twisting number (turns/10 cm), n.sub.2 is the cable-twisting number (turns/10 cm) and .rho. is the specific gravity of the organic fiber.

Abstract: A radial medium truck (RMT) tire has belt or breaker plies which are reinforced by organic reinforcement cords or filaments. In one embodiment, organic monofilaments are used in the belt or breaker plies which have the following characteristics: at least 2,000 denier (2,200 dTex), a tenacity of at least 3.5 g/denier (31 cN/TeX), an initial modulus of at least 30 g/denier (265 cN/Tex) and a shrinkage of at most 6%.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a carcass ply made of organic fiber cords extending continuously from one edge to the other and turned up around bead cores to form a pair of turned-up portions and a main portion disposed therebetween, the carcass cords having a difference in elongation percentage, wherein the difference Ea-Eb of the elongation percentage Ea in the main portion from the elongation percentage Eb in the turned-up portions is in the range of from 0.5% to 2.0%.

Abstract: A thin gauge, fine diameter steel cord reinforced tire ply fabric 2 is lap spliced. The steel cord 1 has one or more filaments 9, and each filament has a percent elongation of over 2.5% and tensile strength of at least (-2000D+4400 MPa).times.95%, where D is the diameter of the filament in millimeters. For passenger and lightly loaded trucks the fabric 2 is manufactured using a preferred cord 1 which is a 1+5.times.0.18 mm cord spaced 14 ends per inch, and for heavier loaded vehicles such as light trucks load rated E or greater the number of cords 1 is increased to 28 ends per inch. The fabric 2 has a gauge thickness g in the range of the cord diameter C+0.22 mm to C+1.25 mm.

Abstract: A tire cord which is improved in rubber penetration. The cord has at least four filaments twisted together so as to form a core and a sheath surrounding the core. The filaments change place repeatedly along the longitudinal direction of the cord such that one of the filaments forms the core in a portion, but in a different portion of the cord, the same filament forms part of the sheath.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire comprises a carcass comprising an outer carcass ply made of cords having a first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1 and an inner carcass ply is made of cords having a second heat-shrinkage-percentage K2 different from the first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1, and the cord tension of the inner carcass ply is smaller than the cord tension of the outer carcass ply. A method of making the tire comprises steps of making the outer carcass ply of cords having a first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1, making the inner carcass ply of cords having a second heat-shrinkage-percentage K2, wherein the first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1 at 150 degrees C. is 120 to 160% of the second heat-shrinkage-percentage K2 at 150 degrees C., and heating and vulcanizing a raw tire to heat-shrink the outer carcass ply cords in a larger degree than the inner carcass ply.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a toroidal carcass ply composed of cords arranged radially at the same angle to the tire equator and extending continuously between the bead portions through the tread portion and sidewall portion, and the carcass ply is increased in thickness partially in at least a tire shoulder portion. A method of making the tire comprises a step of heating a raw tire, wherein a raw carcass ply is composed of cords having at least two different heat-shrinkage-percentages.

Abstract: A tire has a carcass reinforcement preferably formed of a series of circumferential turns of a strip formed of a matrix of elastomeric material reinforced by cords which are arranged side by side and extend transversely in the strip, the turns of strip being arranged in such a manner that, when observed in radial section, they exhibit at least a certain overlap.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire, particularly for a construction vehicle, has a carcass ply arranged toroidally between a pair of bead cores, containing rubber coated steel cords disposed radially therein, being turned up around each bead core from the inside to the outside of the tire and the turn-up portion of which around each bead core extends to around 1/2 height of the tire height H. When the radical length of an overlapping portion of the turn-up portion of the carcass ply and the main carcass ply is h.sub.1 and the thickness of the overlapping portion is w.sub.1 within a range of .+-.0.1 H having half height H/2 of the tire height H as the center, the radial length h and the thickness w of a reinforcing rubber material arranged between the turn-up portion of the carcass ply and the main ply satisfy the following formulae(1) 0.2w.sub.1 .ltoreq.w.ltoreq.1.0w.sub.1, and(2) 0.5h.sub.1 .ltoreq.h.ltoreq.1.0h.sub.

Abstract: A radial tire having a carcass extending from a tread through sidewalls to a bead core in each of two bead parts and turned up around the bead cores. The tire includes a belt layer disposed on the outside of the tire in the tire radial direction of the carcass in the tread portion and a cut breaker disposed between the carcass and the belt layer. Each carcass ply has cords that are buried in topping rubber and arranged independently in parallel to each other within the same plane without linking wefts. In a region from the bead bottom to the turned up end of the carcass, the distance between cords in adjacent carcass plies is within a range of 1/4 to 2 times a diameter K1 of the carcass cord.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire having a tread portion, a pair of axially spaced bead portions with a bead core, a pair of sidewall portions, a carcass having a carcass ply of radially arranged cords extending between the bead portions and turned up around the bead cores to form a main portion and two turned up portions, and a bead apex disposed between the main portion and each turned up portion in each bead portion and extending radially outwardly from the bead core, the carcass cords made of twisted organic fiber filaments, the twist number being more than 5 and less than 30 turn/10 cm.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of the carcass of a pneumatic radial tire comprises a central basic layer comprised of 1 to 4 steel filaments, at least one coaxial layer arranged around the central basic layer and comprised of many steel filaments in which these filaments are twisted in the same twisting direction at the same twisting pitch, and a wrap filament spirally wound around the coaxial layer in the same twisting direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for high speed and heavy duty use, in which durability of the bead and lower sidewall region is improved. The tire includes: a carcass comprising a radial ply of cords turned up around bead cores from the axially inside to the outside, the carcass cords rubberized with a topping rubber having a 100% modulus of 40 to 70 kg/cm.sup.2, an elongation at rupture of 200 to 350%, and a stress at rupture of 150 to 300 kg/cm.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pneumatic radial tire wherein the carcass ply contains a rubberized layer of steel monofilaments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing the magnitude of a uniformity characteristic in a cured tire and the tire produced thereby. A signal is generated which is indicative of the magnitude of the uniformity characteristic. The signal is also indicative of the location on the tire to be corrected. At least a portion of one carcass reinforcing member of the tire is permanently deformed a predetermined amount at the location indicated by the signal to correct the uniformity characteristic.

Abstract: The weight, space and convenience advantages of a run-flat tire can be substantial. This is especially true for the urban-economy car or family type vehicles which have limited space available for a spare tire and inadequate space for the removed flat tire. These vehicles also have higher comfort requirements that must be addressed. The mini-spare solution to the flat tire problem has very limited performance capabilities. Other solutions include major modifications in the rim and/or the tire, which are not cost effective or compatible with a conversion to standard tires on the same rims.The run-flat tire of this invention includes thickened sidewall portions, a belt package with a cap ply, lower sidewall rubber support portions, a specially designed bead seat area with a rim seat ply and three carcass layers. The classical problems of inflated vs. deflated performance tradeoffs in ride comfort, handling, radial stiffness and endurance of the tire are substantially improved.

Abstract: A tire cord made of a multifilament yarn of polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of at least 1500, the yarn having a tensile strength of at least 10 g/d and an index of hot water resistance of at least 50.

Abstract: When polyester fiber cords having elongations under loads of 0.5 g/d and 2.25 g/d within particular ranges and a heat shrinkage (177.degree. C. 30 minutes) within a particular range are used in a carcass ply of a pneumatic radial tire, the ride comfortability, tire uniformity and tire appearance can simultaneously be improved.

Abstract: A heavy duty high speed cross ply tire has a carcass composed of at least one aromatic polyamide fiber cord ply, the product T.sqroot.D of the cable twist number T (turns/10 cm) of the belt cord and the square root of the total denier number D (deniers) of the cord is 2.466.times.10.sup.3 to 3.036.times.10.sup.3 and the elongation E (%) at breakage of the belt cord divided by the total denier number D is 7.78.times.10.sup.-4 to 12.22.times.10.sup.-4.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire with carbon fiber cord reinforcement wherein the carbon fiber cords have a round cross sectional shape and a twist per inch (TPI) of 1.2 to 1.6 turns per inch (TPI) is provided. Preferably, the carbon fiber cords are coated with an RFL or epoxy/RFL adhesive. It is also preferred that carbon fiber cords having an S twist and carbon fiber cords having a Z twist be used in the same reinforcing plies in the tire. Especially preferred is the incorporation of carbon fiber cords in a folded belt.

Abstract: Tires of a large size for use off-the-road with super tensile reinforcement having values of at least 4655N (1046 lbs) break strength for bunched type cord.

Abstract: This invention relates to high-speed radial tires, and more particularly to radial tires wherein the thickness ratio (Gc-Gs)/Gc, that is the ratio of the difference between the crown tread thickness Gc, which is a thickness of the tread on the equator of the tire, and the shoulder tread thickness Gs, which is a thickness of the tread of the ground contact surface at the outer edge in direction of the tire axis, to the crown tread thickness Gc is set to be 0 or more and 0.8 or less. By setting the ratio within a range of 0 to 0.8, the force Fs acting in the radial direction on the tread shoulder part, out of the total load acting to the tire, is decreased, thus, the deformation in the bead part is diminished and the permanence in the bead part can be improved. In a tire having the ratio of 0 to 0.

Abstract: A steel cord includes a core layer composed of three wires, an intermediate layer composed of seven wires, and an outer layer 12 composed of 13 wires. The space ratio of the intermediate layer is in the range from 25% to 34%. and the space ratio of the outer layer is in the range from 10% to 20%. A tire is manufactured by using the steel cord.

Abstract: A high speed radial tire has a carcass and a belt layer, wherein; in the state of inflated with a standard internal pressure on a standard rim, a equator height H1 defined as a height of crossing point at which the inner surface of the belt layer intersects the surface of the tire equator is larger than an outer end height H2 defined as a height of the outermost end of the inner surface of the belt layer. Furthermore, a belt camber quantity H defined as a difference between the height H1 and the height H2 is set at 6% or more of the belt width W.

Abstract: A rubber article having a fiber reinforcement embedded therein. The reinforcement comprises a cylindrically braided cord of an even number of twisted yarns of four or more, an equal number having an twist, i.e. twisted to the right, and a Z-twist, i.e. twisted to the left. The angle difference between a first twisting angle of a yarn and a final twisting angle of the cylindrically braided cord is set at less than 10.degree..

Abstract: An assembly (100) for the reinforcing of an article of plastic and/or rubber, characterized by the following features:(a) it comprises two adjacent concentric layers (1, 2) of filaments (10, 20), the filaments (10, 20) having their axes (O.sub.1, O.sub.2) arranged, within each of the layers, substantially on a circle (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) of radius R.sub.1, R.sub.2 ; in each layer (1, 2) the filaments (10, 20) are wound in the same direction and have the same pitch (P.sub.1, P.sub.2);(b) the layers (1, 2) have the same direction of winding;(c) R.sub.1, R.sub.2, P.sub.1, P.sub.2 are in accord with the relationship:P.sub.1 >P.sub.2 >P.sub.1 .times.[1-2(R.sub.2 -R.sub.1)/R.sub.2 ].Articles reinforced by such assemblies, for instance pneumatic tires.

Abstract: A monofilament of oriented thermoplastic polymer having an oblong cross-section defining a width-to-thickness ratio for the monofilament greater than about 2.0 and a modification ratio not less than 4.4, a denier greater than about 1000, a tenacity of greater than about 7.5 g/d, and a modulus greater than about 45 g/d.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic radial tire comprises at least one carcass ply reinforced with steel cords substantially arranged at an angle of 90.degree. with respect to an equator of the tire and wound around a bead core from inside of the tire toward outside thereof. In this tire, the steel cord is made from steel wires each having a tensile strength of 330-400 kg/mm.sup.2 and a cementite lamellar distance of 120-190 .ANG., a residual stress of whose is compression stress at a depth within a range of 1/10 to 1/5.5 of a wire diameter from the surface of the steel wire.

Abstract: A radial ply pneumatic tire (10) has carcass plies (13-15) reinforced by textile cords and folded axially around a pair of axially spaced bead cores (11,12) and a belt structure (30; 330) comprising at least two layers (32-34; 332-334) made of spirally wound strips. The spirally wound strips are reinforced by cords consisting at least in part of aramid yarns. Between each pair of neighboring layers (332-334) of spirally wound strips, a ply (340,341) reinforced by textile cords is interposed. Such a belt structure is more specifically suitable for an aircraft tire.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for automobiles which has a carcass reinforced with polymeric monofilaments of the same or different diameter which are interconnected by radially inwardly curved peripheral extensions thereof to form a cord having a substantially flat transverse cross-sectional configuration as a whole.

Abstract: Pneumatic tires are rendered less susceptible to blow or blister defects by providing, in at least one cord reinforcement ply of a tire, a plurality of gas absorbing cords with the reinforcement cords and gas absorbing cords lying in the same general plane and with the gas absorbing cords consisting of staple hollow filaments. The gas absorbing cords may be used as fill yarn in weaving fabric employing parallel reinforcement cords.

Abstract: A heavy duty high speed radial tire has a belt composed of at least one aromatic polyamide fiber cord ply, the product T.multidot..sqroot.D of the cable twist number T (turns/10 cm) of the belt cord and the square root of the total denier number D (deniers) of the cord is 2.466.times.10.sup.3 to 3.036.times.10.sup.3, and the elongation E (%) at breakage of the belt cord divided by the total denier number D is 7.78.times.10.sup.-4 to 12.22.times.10.sup.-4.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire characterized in that a carcass layer is constructed by arranging non-twisted polyamide monofilament cords each having a flat cross-section such that the major axis of said flat cross-section is disposed along the surface direction of said carcass layer, that said carcass layer is fold up from the inside to the outside of said tire around a bead portion, and that the folded-up end portions are constructed such that the thickness thereof becomes smaller toward the distal end thereof.

Abstract: Rubber-reinforcing fiber cords are disclosed which are constituted by at least one kind of fibers selected from a group consisting of aromatic polyamide fibers, entire aromatic polyester fibers and polyvinylalcohol fibers having a tenacity of not less than 15 g/d. Spaces among filaments constituting the cord are each impreganted with a rubbery material. Radial tires are also disclosed which each comprise at least one pair of bead wires, at least one carcass ply cord layer and at least one belt ply cord layer. Carcass ply cords and/or belt ply cords are constituted by the above rubber-reinforcing fiber cords.

Abstract: A low rolling resistance pneumatic radial tire having an improved appearance comprises a carcass composed of a single rubberized carcass ply containing cords therein. The carcass ply cord is a high tenacity vinylon cord having characteristics after vulcanization represented by the following equations: ##EQU1## Further, the carcass ply has the number of overlapped cords of not more than 15 at the shoulder portion in its joint portion.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire and rim assembly comprising a pair of bead cores, a carcass, a belt, and a pair of bead apexes, wherein in at least one of the bead portions, when the tire is mounted on a normal rim specified for the tire and inflated to a normal pressure, a thickness center line of a carcass turnup portion between two points is cured and located axially inward of a straight line drawn between the two points, the quotient (X/HR) of the axial distance (X) of the inner end (Q2) of the bead core from a bead heel point (Q1), to the height (HR) of a flange of the normal rim is in a range of 0.8 to 1.05, wherein the bead heel point (Q1) is defined as in intersection of an extension of the outer surface of the bead portion with an extension of the bead base, and the quotient (Y/HR) of the radial distance (Y) from the radially outer end (Q3) of the flange of the rim to the radially outer end (Q4) of the bead core, to the height (HR) of the flange of the rim is in a range of 0 to 0.3.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire including at least one ply of carcass layer comprising a number of cords disposed at right angle with respect to a circumferential direction of the tire and anchored at a pair of beads, said cords of the carcass layer being treated with adhesive treating agents, i.e. an epoxy treating agent and a RFL treating agent, at the stage of both yarns and cords, said cords being formed by twisting at least two treated strands which are formed by twisting yarns treated with both the epoxy treating agent and the RFL treating agent and said cords being further treated with at least the RFL treating agent.

Abstract: An improved high flotation, low pressure radial tire, the carcass of which is formed of one or more plies of radial tire cord, one or more plies of circumferential tire cord, and one or more plies of sidewall reinforcing tire cord forming a reinforcing annulus the major diameter of which is substantially the same as the major diameter of the sidewalls and the minor diameter of which is greater than the minor diameter of the sidewalls so that the reinforcing annulus terminates well short of the tire bead.

Abstract: An assembly (100) for the reinforcing of an article of plastic and/or rub, characterized by the following features:(a) it comprises two adjacent concentric layers (1, 2) of filaments (10, 20), the filaments (10, 20) having their axis (O.sub.1, O.sub.2) arranged, within each of the layers, substantially on a circle (C.sub.1, C.sub.2) of radius R.sub.1, R.sub.2 ; in each layer (1, 2) the filaments (10, 20) are wound in the same direction and have the same pitch (P.sub.1, P.sub.2);(b) the layers (1, 2) have the same direction of winding;(c) R.sub.1, R.sub.2, P.sub.1, P.sub.2 are in accord with the relationship:P.sub.1 >P.sub.2 >P.sub.1 .times.[1-2(R.sub.2 -R.sub.1)/R.sub.2 ].Articles reinforced by such assemblies, for instance pneumatic tires.

Abstract: A radial ply pneumatic tire (10) has carcass plies (13,14,15) reinforced by cables comprising only yarns of aramid filaments, and belt plies (31-35) reinforced by cables comprising at least one yarn of aramid filaments twisted together with at least one yarn of nylon or polyester filaments. In a preferred embodiment which is suitable for use on an aircraft, there are both turn-up (13,14) and turn-down (15) carcass plies.

Abstract: High strength polyester multifilament yarn of improved dimensional stability, which has the proper combination of an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.90, relatively low work loss and a high degree of toughness, is incorporated as tire cord into a rubber tire for reinforcement to provide an important improvement in fatigue life and retained fatigue strength. The continuous melt-spin process comprises the steps of feeding prepolymer to a first finisher vessel to achieve at least 0.4 intrinsic viscosity transferring polymer to a second finisher vessel for a period sufficient to achieve an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.95, and supplying this polymer to an extrusion spinnerette.

Abstract: A radial tire for motorcycle, in which the steering stability at high running speed is improved and the ply separation at the breaker edges is lessened. The tire comprises: a radial carcass extending between bead portions of the tire; a tread disposed radially outside the carcass; and a breaker disposed between the carcass and the tread and having at least one ply of metallic cords coated with rubber; each metallic cord comprising a plurality of twisted strands; each strand consisting of at least three twisted filaments made of metal; the elongation of each metallic cord when loaded when 1.0 kgf/cord being in a range of 0.5 to 1.5%; the tangential modulus of elasticity of each metallic cord when loaded with 10 kgf/cord being in a range of 8,000 to 15,000 kgf.sq.mm.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire comprises a tread portion, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions, a carcass of at least two plies and a breaker, wherein each ply is composed of cords of aromatic copolyamide fiber having particular units A and B and a specific rubber composition having 100% modulus of 35-50 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Low profile radial tires for trucks and buses reinforced with steel cords which comprise two layers of a core and an outer layer, the number of core filaments being 3 to 4 and the number of outer filaments being equal to or less than the number 5 greater than the number of the core filaments, all filaments being substantially equal in diameter and both the core filaments and the outer filaments being twisted in the same direction with a different pitch, and the aspect ratio of the tire being at most 0.85.

Abstract: Strand for application as reinforcement in objects of polymer material comprising at least one core and less than six outside wires arranged round it, the core having an outside diameter larger than the diameter of the circle tangent to each of the outside wires in the hollow space that remains free when their cross-sections have the highest packing density and smaller than the diameter of the outside wires, whereby the outside wires are made of carbon steel wire with a tensile strength of at least 2250-1130 log d N/mm.sup.2, d being the wire diameter in mm.

Abstract: In a heavy duty radial tire, metal cords of a single layer construction obtained by twisting 3.about.5 metallic filaments having a filament diameter of 0.13.about.0.32 mm, each of which cords having an elongation P.sub.1 under a load of 0.25.about.5 kgf/cord of 0.35.about.1.0% as an arithmetic mean value are arranged as a carcass ply so that a distance between cords at an end of the carcass ply is not less than 0.25 mm. Thus, it is possible to largely reduce the tire weight, avoid problems on the operability such as bead rising and the like, and considerably improve the fracture resistance, corrosion fatigue resistance and fretting resistance at carcass ply end as well as resistance to external damage in sidewall (resistance to cord breaking up) of the radial tire.

Abstract: A steel cord for reinforcing rubber is made by twisting a plurality of strands each made by twisting a plurality of element wires. The cord and the strands are twisted in the same direction. The product of the twisting ratio of the cord and that of the strands, the elongation coefficient of the cord and other factors are determined so that the rubber penetration and the rigidity and tenacity of the cord will be suitable for the carcass cord of steel radial tire.

Abstract: A steel cord for the reinforcement of rubber products and the like has an open twisted structure comprised of 3 to 6 steel filaments each having an ellipsoidally helical shape, and has a particular tensile elongation under a load of 5 kg.

Abstract: A steel cord has a core strand and an outer strand. The core strand includes three wire filaments located in a core portion and each having a same diameter, and nine wires located to enclose the three wires, twisted together with the three wire filaments, and each having a diameter smaller than that of each of the three wires. The outer strand has wires located to enclose the nine wires of the core strand, twisted in a direction reverse to the twisting direction of the core strand, and having a clearance between them.