Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pressure tank comprises forming the tank with an inner thin wall of light metal and applying a backup wrapping of resin impregnated fibers having a large breaking strength and a small coefficient of thermal expansion to the tank and the tank is cooled in order to compensate for the accumulating filament tension during the winding operation.

Abstract: The method of the present invention produces a tape of high performance reinforcing fibers having improved alignment between the fibers and improved maintenance of that alignment in processing and molding applications. The method involves contacting one or more of the continuous high performance reinforcing fibers with a polymer impregnated mat. The polymer is compatible with any polymeric material used in the subsequent processing or molding applications. The contacting is performed with the high performance fibers under tension, and the tension is removed when the fibers are properly aligned into a tape in contact with the impregnated mat. The tape material can be used with various molding compounds such as sheet molding compounds and high reinforcement content molding compounds and thermoplastic molding materials wherein the molding compound is contacted with the tape product.

Abstract: A polymeric product having a fabric layer and method of making the same are provided, the fabric layer being provided with opposed sides and at least one polymeric part secured to the fabric layer. The fabric layer comprises a first substantially planar layer of threads disposed in superimposed relation with a second substantially planar layer of threads whereby the threads of the first layer are not woven with the threads of the second layer, the polymeric part effectively being the sole securement that secures the threads of the first layer to the threads of the second layer and thereby imparting its flexible characteristic to the securement between the threads of the first and second layers.

Abstract: Here is disclosed method for attaching elastic band to sanitary articles such as disposable diapers. The elastic band is cut into predetermined lengths which are then intermittently attached by adhesive to a web forming said articles. Said elastic band is severed on a surface of a rotary suction drum so that the respective lengths thus severed and isolated may be intermittently attached to said web. Said elastic band may comprise a plurality of relatively narrow or fine rubber strands. Particularly in such a case, said elastic band is attached to a support tape wider than said elastic band and having high flexibility before cutting so that these rubber strands may be reliably held on the surface of said suction drum.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for applying stretched elastic segments to a web as for a diaper waistband and the like which include advancing a stretched continuous elastic ribbon, gripping the ribbon at two pairs of points, severing the ribbon between the gripped pairs to provide a stretched segment and advancing the ribbon segment in planetary fashion to unite the same to a continuous web.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced push or pull rod formed of electrically insulating plastic material having flange fittings fastened to respective ends thereof. The push or pull rod is formed preferably as a hollow cylinder, and the flange fittings are adapted for transmitting compression or tension forces. A plurality of threads are arranged in parallel with each other and an axis of the rod; which threads are then impregnated with a hardenable plastic material. In accordance with the invention, the tensile strength of the rod is improved by wrapping the threads about at least one pair of wires which are arranged substantially parallel and at a distance with respect to each other so as to form a tape wherein the wires form the edges of the tape. The wires, as tape edges, are inserted into helical external recesses of the flange fittings and are secured therein in a form-locking manner.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for the production of a composite plastic material consisting of oriented polymer filaments and a polymer film web, and more particularly, the production of a composite material which possesses an improved physical strength and higher tear resistance in comparison with plastic film materials which are not reinforced. An extrusion die is used for example, a conventional tubular extrusion die for extruding a continuous blown tubular plastic film web and wherein the die orifice is encompassed by spinerette apertures through which there are concurrently extruded a plurality of polymer filaments which are oriented and initially conveyed along a path substantially parallel to but not in adherence with the blown tubular plastic film web.

Abstract: According to the method of the invention there is wound, around a hollow body (1) and in substantially contiguous turns, a flexible strip (2), the latter strip being fixed onto the hollow body. The strip is of a material, the tensile limit of which is in excess of that of the material of which the hollow body (1) is made, and when wound around the hollow body, a tension is applied thereto which is sufficient for the stresses which may develop within the body and the winding of the strip (2) to reach their permissible maximum limits at substantially the same time, when the hollow body is used under pressure.

Abstract: The teachings of the present invention, described in part by reference to a specific embodiment in the following specification, illustrate a novel family of pre-stressed and oriented unwoven fiber webs and products constituting these webs, which are produced according to novel methods practiced by utilizing novel apparatus and equipment. More simply stated, patent protection is sought for the product, methods of making the product, and the equipment used in the methods.

Abstract: A low permeability dryer fabric and method are disclosed which include a helical dryer fabric comprised of helix strips (12) whose winding arcs (16) are intermeshed and joined together by a composite pintle (A) to define a pintle joint. The composite pintle includes a polyester core (B) and an outer low-melt polymeric sheath (C) which has been heat softened and deformed and exhibits a profile (30) which occupies void areas in the mesh of the helical fabric in the area of the pintle joint.

Abstract: A method of making a rocket motor case with an integral nozzle in which the rocket motor has a large length to diameter ratio and is made by applying a linear wrap of fibers as a first layer on a mandrel and then by applying radial wraps over said linear wrap and also conforming the linear fibers to the shape of the nozzle after applying the linear fibers on said mandrel to provide a structure that has sufficient stiffness to accomplish the desired result of a large length to diameter rocket motor case.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for the fibers of composite building panels, bars are laid against a rotating drum, parallel to each other and close together. Parallel threads or wires which extend in the direction of the drum periphery are then would around the outside of the bars, in a stressed condition, whereby the bars being transported by the drum are pressed against the peripheral surface thereof. The bars are connected by a hardenable binding agent to fibres and a thin sheet of suitable material which move with the drum, and the binding agent is caused to harden, thereby forming a first strip on the drum. The first strip is then brought into a condition of extending parallel to a second strip produced in the same manner, with an adhesive between the two strips. The two strips are then passed through a pair of rollers which press the assembly together, thereby forming an elongate panel configuration.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a method including the steps of: forming a web of at least a plurality of fibers oriented in at least one predetermined direction, causing a plurality of fibers to be oriented in substantially parallel configuration with respect to one another so as to cause some of said oriented fibers to be interconnected with another at a plurality of portions spaced longitudinally along their respective lengths, causing some of said interconnecting portions initially spaced a first distance from one another to be moved such that they are a second and greater distance from one another so as to enhance the ability of said web to withstand stresses applied thereto.

Abstract: An optical communication element comprises an optical fiber bonded in a state of axial compression to a metal tape. The tape may be folded up into a tube and sealed by soldering. Such elements are strong and not sensitive to stress corrosion.Such an optical communication element may be produced by passing a metal tape and an optical fiber in contact around a drum with the optical fiber on the outside. An adhesive, which solidifies or cures during the passage around the drum is applied to the metal tape.

Abstract: A sieve belt formed of a multiplicity of helices of thermosettable synthetic resin monofilament. Adjacent helices are meshed together so that overlapping windings form a channel through which a pintle-filament is passed. The helices are free of bias and torsion both before and after being assembled in the belt. After assembly the belt is stretched longitudinally and thermoset, causing the helix windings to penetrate slightly into the pintle-filament to tightly surround it with line contact, and to flatten the long legs of the oval windings between pintle-filaments.

Abstract: A method for making a fiberglass truss has features that eliminate the need for a mold. The method includes first a step of tensioning a pair of spaced-apart filaments strips to define the chords for the truss. The chords are interconnected at several points along their lengths with a strip of filaments for defining triangular bracing or a web for the truss. Tension is applied to the strips to secure the chords and web in place. Then the chords and web are coated with resin. After hardening, the tension is removed. In one method, the chords are tensioned between two end walls of a container. The intersecting points of the web and chords are restrained against lateral movement by means of retaining devices mounted to two oppositely facing side walls. Triangular spacer elements define passageways for the chords and web. The container is filled with resin after the chords and web have been placed and tensioned. After impregnation, the container is drained. The completed truss may be removed after hardening.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for making electrical phase insulators for dynamoelectric machines are disclosed wherein a phase insulator includes two spaced apart planar portions formed of an insulating material interconnected by at least one connector made of an insulating material. First and second strips of planar insulating material are supplied and positioned at spaced apart locations at a securing station. At least one strip of connector material is supplied to a conditioning station and stretched for elongating and assuring straightness of the at least one connector strip. The stretching of the connector material is accomplished by gripping a second section of the connector strip at a location longitudinally spaced apart from a gripped first section and relatively moving the first and second sections thereby elongating a confined portion of the connector material located between the first and second sections.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an energy absorbing structure for a vehicle comprises the steps of (a) winding a continuous resin wetted filament around a number of attachment points at the opposite ends of a jig to form an array of parallel strands, (b) displacing and tensioning the strands by means of first cross bars substantially at right angles to the strands, (c) winding a second array of parallel strands between the attachment points over said first cross bars, (d) displacing said second array onto said first array by means of second cross bars lying parallel and in between the first cross bars, (e) laying a third array of strands over said first and second cross bars and between said attachment points, and (f) curing the structure. The structure may then be fixed to the interior of a vehicle door panel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing hollow bodies by stringing a plurality of filaments or bands between a pair of grip means to form a winding core which becomes a part of the body, moving a reciprocating winding apparatus parallel to the axis of the core and winding filaments or bands around the core. The filaments or bands wound around the core are of a resin impregnated plastic.

Abstract: A family of reinforced net structures which include oriented polypropylene netting with oriented propylene/1-butene copolymer film as an adhesive, and a process for making these nonwoven fabrics.

Abstract: A family of strong film structures which include unoriented propylene/1-butene copolymer film bonded to oriented polypropylene netting, and a process for making these structures.

Abstract: A drive shaft including a universal coupling is made in the form of a uniy bonded fiber material structure having anisotropic properties. A winding form or mold is assembled to include, for example, an elongated winding sleeve, a flange forming core element, and an elongated winding mandrel joined together. Impregnated fiber material is wound onto the mold so that the fibers of the winding lie at thread angles approximately .+-.45.degree. with respect to the longitudinal axis of the form or mold. The wound structure is compressed whereby the coupling assumes its intended shape after curing or hardening. Portions of the form or mold are removed, for example, by dissolving and washing in a suitable solvent. Alternatively the drive shaft coupling is formed directly on the torque transmitting shafts to be coupled so that the transmitting shafts are integrated into the unitary structure. The annular flange and 45.degree.

Abstract: A teeth cleaner to be passed through a crevice between adjacent teeth for dislodging particles therein consisting of a plurality of elongate filaments having a string portion in which the filaments are parallel and closely packed and a spongy brush portion of larger diameter caused by the textured filaments being randomly distorted and a yarn formed therefor.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for making highly adhesive plastic top coatings, more particularly of polyurethane or thermoplastic polyester, on metallic substrates, particularly of braided or plaited wire layers, as pressure substrate, having an inner core of plastic, particularly a polymer of thermoplastic plastic, surrounded by the substrate, the plastic top coating being extruded in an extruder head onto the substrate, characterized in that the substrate having openings is prestressed then heated to approximately the temperature of the extrudate or the extruder head, so that there is generated in the inner core a radially directed prestress which forces at least part of the material thereof, while softening, through the openings in the substrate, and that thereafter a vacuum is created around the substrate or between the head and the flexible tube and that simultaneously with, or immediately after, the creation of the vacuum the top coating fusing intimately and/or bonding together with the material of the inner

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for making a phase insulator for a desired core size from a phase insulator of a smaller size. The insulator may be severed from a sheet of insulating material or fabricated from planar insulation pieces alone or from a combination of planar insulation pieces and one or more filamentary pieces. Details of different methods, insulators, and apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: Transmission lines using tubular extendible elements in which two such elements are combined to form a coaxial type transmission line or a two-wire transmission line and in which a single element is constructed as a two-wire transmission line and tubular extendible elements and other structures using materials having various temperature coefficients.

Abstract: A mop yarn is produced by extruding onto the embossed face of a conveyor belt a first layer of a fiber reinforced sponge forming viscose mass, feeding regularly transversely spaced core yarns onto the conveyor advanced first layer and extruding a second layer of the sponge forming viscose mass onto the core yarn carrying first layer. The composite layers are then coagulated, regenerated and purified, and the resulting cellulose sponge web is then longitudinally slit to produce sponge strands in each of which is embedded and bonded at least one of the core yarns. The resulting cellulose sponge mop yarn is of rectangular transverse cross section and has low porosity water permeable top and bottom faces at least one of which is embossed and skinless side faces and each yarn has one or more core yarns of cotton twine embedded therein and bonded to the sponge material.

Abstract: The longitudinal cables of a belt whose longitudinal centerline differs from that of the equipment on which it is produced and whose cable-to-cable spacing differs from that of the cable tensioner, are tensioned in a generally symmetrical pattern about the longitudinal centerline of the belt. An effective number of cables are directed from the proper edge at the comb into the center of the belt. One half of the remaining cables are moved over the same number of spaces, at the comb, toward the proper edge of the belt.

Abstract: A method for the continuous production of an optical transmission element, which comprises a fiber received in a hose-like casing, characterized by applying a hose-like casing to a fiber to form an optical transmission element, heating the element, passing the element around a storage drum or drum with a sufficient number of loops to obtain the desired relationship between the fiber and casing, withdrawing the element from the storage drum or drum, cooling the withdrawn element to form a finished element and then winding the finished element on a reel or spool. Preferably, the storage drum or drum includes a conical support surface so that each succeeding loop of the element has a slightly smaller diameter and is guided axially on the support surface.

Abstract: The method of manufacture of a fiberglass-epoxy flywheel wherein layers of fiberglass cloth, generally forming a circular mass, are pre-stressed by rotation during the curing of epoxy which surrounds and thereby couples together fibers and layers of the cloth.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing unidirectionally fiber reinforced resin products characterized by application of a given initial tension to the fibers at curing of the resinous material and an apparatus for manufacturing the same which essentially comprises means keeping the fibers under a given tension at curing of the resinous material. With the application of initial tension to the fibers, an initial distortion of the fibers is much reduced and a product of uniform quality and great strength is provided.

Abstract: A sheath for a storage battery electrode comprises a braid or weave of inorganic fiber threads and a plurality of axial threads extending along the axial length of the sheath and forming crossing points with the inorganic threads. The axial threads comprise a mixture of at least two thermoplastic materials having different softening temperatures. Fabrication of the sheath involves tensioning the sheath and heating it to a temperature sufficient to soften the thermoplastic fiber having the lower softening temperature to bond the latter to the inorganic fibers at the crossing points. The heating is sufficient to weaken the thermoplastic fibers having the higher softening temperature to enable the latter to be only slightly elongated under tension, to enable internal stresses of the axial threads to be substantially equalized.

Abstract: A rod construction has an inner core of high tensile strength such as a rod or bar of high tensile steel. The reinforcement core has a plurality of surface indentations, preferably uniformly arranged at spaced intervals along the length of the core periphery. Layers of tensioned longitudinal and spiral filaments embedded in a resin matrix are formed about the core periphery so as to provide a rod of excellent strength and corrosion resistance. Also a rod is formed by spirally winding on a rotating assemblage of longitudinal filaments.

Abstract: A net for supporting upholstery in furniture. The net include a plurality of longitudinal and transverse cords arranged perpendicularly relative to each other and forming a plurality of cross-over points. A molded synthetic connecting member is bonded to the transverse and longitudinal cords at their cross-over points and completely encloses both cords in the region of their cross-over points.

Abstract: A fabric having an elastomer coat on each face of a woven layer and having resistance to water attack along the woven layer is formed by heating and stretching the yarn, the thread or the fabric of the woven layer, for example to achieve 20 to 30% elongation, so as to reduce or eliminate interfilamentary spaces and subsequently coating the woven layer. The fabric is of particular value for gas-cushion vehicles intended for travel over water.

Abstract: A laminated assembly comprising a base sheet and a screen mesh laminated thereto in a tensioned state relative to the base sheet is provided. A screen printing screen is made therefrom by fixing the assembly on a screen printing frame and removing the base sheet from the assembly whereby to leave the screen mesh tensioned on the frame. By suitable choice of tension in the assembly screens having uniform and controlled mesh tension values may be produced quickly without previous cumbersome procedures.

Abstract: A method of making a cylindrical electrical conductor or roving comprised of a bundle of conductive glass filaments, wherein the filaments are cured under tension in a flat ribbon-like form. The method includes binding the filaments into a preferred cylindrical bundle or roving by the steps of passing the filament bundle through the axial bore of an annular bobbin having a binder yarn or element thereon and rotating the bobbin to centrifugally throw the yarn in an unconfined balloon. The free end of the yarn is secured to the filament bundle, thereby wrapping the bundle with a helical overwrap. The balloon of yarn is controlled and stabilized by air currents generated adjacent the bobbin.

Abstract: A rod construction has an inner core of high tensile strength such as a rod or bar of high tensile steel. The reinforcement core has a plurality of surface indentations, preferably uniformly arranged at spaced intervals along the length of the core periphery. Layers of tensioned longitudinal and spiral filaments embedded in a resin matrix are formed about the core periphery so as to provide a rod of excellent strength and corrosion resistance.In a further embodiment, the rod may have male threads disposed at opposed ends for engagement with femal threads of a coupling. In yet another embodiment, the rod is integrally formed at opposed ends with male and female threads. The female threads are formed adjacent the inner periphery of a band reinforcement concentrically embedded in one rod end.

Abstract: Identical or similar balls are assembled on an arbor and a low-friction material-lined glass filament-reinforced hardened epoxy tube is formed thereover. The outer diameter of the tube is finished and the tube is cut into sections to comprise the sockets or outer races for the balls.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of using same to form tubular tapered shafts particularly adapted for golf clubs, ski poles, fishing rods and the like. The material used in forming the shafts is a thermo-setting resin sheet that has a number of elongate, laterally spaced, parallel fibers of graphite carbon, boron or like material therein, which fibers have a tensile strength comparable to steel, but are only a fraction of the weight of the latter. The apparatus and method of using the same is characterized by the tubular shaft being formed with exterior and interior cylindrical wall surfaces that are truly concentric, and with the fibers embedded in the polymerized resin being pre-tensioned and spaced from one another.

Abstract: A corrugated laminate comprises at least two superimposed plies of continuous filament strands bonded together by a hardened plastic resin. The plies are biaxially pre-tensioned prior to hardening of the resin which impregnates and bonds the strands together in a generally concave parabolic configuration at each corrugation. The laminate finds particular application to tubular structures, such as sewer pipe liner and underground tanks, which contribute to the control and improvement in the quality of the nation's environment.The method and apparatus for making the laminate in the form of a desired composite structure comprises placing a first ply of unidirectional continuous filament strands upon one or more longitudinally spaced pairs of a gapped forming structure so that the ply bridges each forming gap.