Abstract: The present embodiments provide a highly durable semiconductor element capable of generating electricity or emitting light with high efficiency, and further provide a manufacturing method thereof. The semiconductor element according to the embodiment comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an active layer and a substrate, and is characterized in that the active layer contains crystals oriented anisotropically. For manufacturing the element, the active layer is produced by the steps of: applying a coating solution containing precursor compounds of the active layer and an organic solvent capable of dissolving the precursor compounds, to form a coating film; and then growing the crystals in a specific direction parallel to the surface of the coating film.

Abstract: A baffle tank is disclosed which is designed to filter a fluid along with a method of forming the baffle tank. The baffle tank has a bottom wall joined to at least one sidewall to form an enclosure having a first chamber in fluid communication with a second chamber. The first chamber has a top wall with an enlarged opening formed therein. The first chamber also has an inlet for receiving incoming fluid. The second chamber has a top wall with an enlarged opening formed therein. The second chamber also has an outlet through which fluid can be discharged. A first baffle is formed by at least a portion of the sidewall of the first chamber. The first baffle is joined to at least a portion of the sidewall of the second chamber. The first baffle extends downward from the top walls of the first and second chambers and has a lower end positioned above the bottom wall.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for forming a nonwoven web are described herein. The apparatus includes a mixing partition defining one or more openings therein that permit fluid communication between two fluid flow streams, at least one of which includes a fiber. The apparatus also includes an enclosed region surrounding at least a portion of the mixing partition. The enclosed region is adapted to provide an applied pressure to a fluid flow stream to urge the stream through one or more of the openings in the mixing partition. The apparatus also includes a receiving region designed to receive at least a combined flow stream and form a nonwoven web by collecting fiber from the combined flow stream.

Abstract: A twin wire press for dewatering solid-liquid suspensions, such as pulp suspensions, between top and bottom webs is described herein which includes consecutive primary, secondary and tertiary dewatering sections. The primary dewatering section includes a wedge area. The secondary dewatering section is positioned adjacent to the primary section downstream therefrom and includes grooved rolls in an s-roll configuration. The tertiary dewatering section includes rolls in a scissor-nip configuration. The press rolls in the secondary and tertiary section are all supported onto a frame. Whenever maintenance is to be performed on any one of the grooved rolls or on the press roll assemblies, an overhead crane can for example be used since no frame structure is provided on top thereof.

Abstract: A twin wire press for dewatering solid-liquid suspensions, such as pulp suspensions, between top and bottom webs is described herein which includes consecutive primary, secondary and tertiary dewatering sections. The primary dewatering section includes a wedge area. The secondary dewatering section is positioned adjacent to the primary section downstream therefrom and includes grooved rolls in an s-roll configuration. The tertiary dewatering section includes rolls in a scissor-nip configuration. The press rolls in the secondary and tertiary section are all supported onto a frame. Whenever maintenance is to be performed on any one of the grooved rolls or on the press roll assemblies, an overhead crane can for example be used since no frame structure is provided on top thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments for methods and apparatuses for forming a nonwoven web are described herein. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes one or more sources configured to dispense a first fluid flow stream comprising a fiber and a second fluid flow stream also comprising a fiber. The apparatus also includes a mixing partition downstream from the one or more sources, where the mixing partition is positioned between the first and second flow streams from the one or more sources. The mixing partition defines one or more openings that permit fluid communication between the two flow streams. The apparatus also includes a receiving region situated downstream from the one or more sources and designed to receive at least a combined flow stream and form a nonwoven web by collecting fiber from the combined flow stream.

Abstract: A pulp feeder for used paper recycling apparatus being installed in a room of a small shop or the like, friendly to the environment, low in running cost, and capable of maintaining a high confidentiality is presented. The pulp feeder includes a partition member disposed slidably on the downside of a running endless mesh belt, and a paper making frame body disposed slidably on the upside of the mesh belt, and an overflow gate is provided in the paper making frame body for keeping constant the water level of the collected pulp suspension, and the pulp suspension supplied in the paper making frame body is collected up to a specific water level defined by the overflow gate, and is uniformly diffused and supplied on the upside of the running mesh belt. Accordingly, if the supply water volume of pulp suspension fluctuates, the water level of pulp suspension staying in the paper making frame body is always kept constant, and the weight of the wet paper manufactured on the mesh belt is stabilized.

Abstract: Distribution channeling for stock suspension, the distribution channeling being in connection with a headbox of a paper machine The distribution channeling is fed with a transverse input channel for stock suspension, such as with an inlet pipe, and which distribution channeling feeds stock suspension into an intermediate chamber and onwards from the intermediate chamber to the slice channel of a paper machine. The distribution channeling is formed from a number of modular pieces and is fitted to the headbox after the input channel. One or more distribution channels, such as a hole, for the stock suspension flowing through a modular piece are formed in the modular piece. The modular pieces are placed side by side such that an interspace forms between them, from which interspace diluting water can be fed into the distribution channel.

Abstract: Embodiments for methods and apparatuses for forming a nonwoven web are described herein. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes one or more sources configured to dispense a first fluid flow stream comprising a fiber and a second fluid flow stream also comprising a fiber. The apparatus also includes a mixing partition downstream from the one or more sources, where the mixing partition is positioned between the first and second flow streams from the one or more sources. The mixing partition defines one or more openings that permit fluid communication between the two flow streams. The apparatus also includes a receiving region situated downstream from the one or more sources and designed to receive at least a combined flow stream and form a nonwoven web by collecting fiber from the combined flow stream.

Abstract: Headbox for a machine to produce a fiber web, in particular a paper, cardboard or tissue web from at least one fibrous suspension, having a headbox nozzle comprising an upper nozzle wall and a lower nozzle wall, as well as two side walls tapering to form an outlet, and having an inner chamber through which the fibrous suspension flows in flow direction during operation of headbox, whereby on upper nozzle wall of headbox nozzle a baffle is arranged on the outlet side which is movable by way of several elements and which extends across machine width, and which has a baffle protrusion and a baffle immersion depth and which has at least two surfaces—an upstream ramp surface and a subsequent main surface contacted by a fibrous suspension during operation of headbox. The inventive headbox is characterized in that between ramp surface of baffle and main surface of baffle at least one refraction surface which is in contact during operation of headbox with a fibrous suspension is provided on baffle.

Abstract: Enhancement of papermaking drainage and retention properties of aqueous cellulosic suspensions used for production of paper or paper board with a retention/drainage additive system including ionic crosslinked acrylic acid-acrylate copolymer microparticles is described. Paper and paperboard products made with these copolymer microparticles are also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method in the wet end of a web forming process. In the method, at least one electrode pair (102, 103) is placed in the wet end. The electrode pair (102, 103) is supplied with a current/voltage from a power source (100), so that an electric field is set up between the electrode pair (102, 103), causing the material particles in the pulp suspension in the wet end to be electrically charged in a desired manner and to move in a desired manner in the pulp suspension in the wet end. The current/voltage of the power source (100) is controlled by means of a measuring and control unit (101) so as to cause the material particles in the pulp suspension to be electrically charged and to move in a desired manner, thus allowing the retention, formation and orientation of the material particles in the pulp suspension to be substantially improved.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for feeding a fibrous suspension (1) to at least one headbox (8) of a paper or cardboard machine with at least one diluting device (5), in which the fibrous suspension (1) is produced by mixing a high-consistency suspension (6) with a diluting liquid, wherein the diluting liquid is formed at least in part by backwater (2) of the paper or cardboard machine, the backwater (2) is pre-degassed in at least one open channel (3) and subsequently is guided into a diluting device (5) via a degassing device (4). The expenditure is to be reduced thereby in that the potential energy of the fibrous suspension (1) in the channel (3) is not above the potential energy of the fibrous suspension (1) in the diluting device (5) and the pressure at the outflow of the degassing device (4) is between ?0.3 and 1 bar or that the potential energy of the fibrous suspension (1) in the channel (3) is above the potential energy of the fibrous suspension (1) in the diluting device (5).

Abstract: A twin wire press for dewatering solid-liquid suspensions, such as pulp suspensions, between top and bottom webs is described herein which includes consecutive primary, secondary and tertiary dewatering sections. The primary dewatering section includes a wedge area. The secondary dewatering section is positioned adjacent to the primary section downstream therefrom and includes grooved rolls in an s-roll configuration. The tertiary dewatering section includes rolls in a scissor-nip configuration. The press rolls in the secondary and tertiary section are all supported onto a frame. Whenever maintenance is to be performed on any one of the grooved rolls or on the press roll assemblies, an overhead crane can for example be used since no frame structure is provided on top thereof.

Abstract: A headbox apparatus for a papermaking machine is disclosed. The headbox apparatus defines a flow path for stock flowing between an upstream location and a downstream slice lip. The apparatus includes a plurality of blocks which are anchored within the flow path between the upstream location and the slice lip. Each block and an adjacent block of the plurality of blocks define therebetween a flow tube for the flow therethrough of the stock. The flow tube has an upstream portion having an upstream and a downstream end. The flow tube has a downstream portion having an upstream and a downstream extremity, the upstream extremity of the downstream portion extending from the downstream end of the upstream portion. The downstream portion of the flow tube has a volume which is greater than a further volume of the upstream portion of the flow tube such that when the stock flows from the upstream portion to the downstream portion of the flow tube, the stock is mixed within the downstream portion.

Abstract: Headbox for a paper machine which discharges paper raw material onto a wire as a raw material jet from a slice which is supplied with the paper raw material. The headbox includes an orientation correcting arrangement for correcting a pulp fiber orientation by supplying the paper raw material as a correction flow to a single location in either a central portion of the slice or a plurality of locations other than end portions thereof. The paper raw material is one of extracted from a taper header in which paper raw material for a main flow is stored and extracted from a correction-only taper header in which paper raw material for correcting the pulp fiber orientation is stored. This abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A used paper processing apparatus to be place in small shop or general household, capable of holding high secrecy, friendly to the environment, and low in running cost. In a furniture size apparatus case, a pulp manufacturing section for manufacturing used paper pulp by macerating and beating the used paper, a paper making section for manufacturing recycled paper by making the used paper pulp manufactured in the pulp manufacturing section, and a control section for driving and controlling by interlocking the pulp manufacturing section and paper making section are provided, being place in a room producing used paper, and by macerating and processing the used paper by the pulp manufacturing section, leak or disclosure of confidential information or private information written or printed on used paper can be prevented effectively, and further used paper pulp is processed by the paper making section, and recycled paper is manufactured.

Abstract: A method of producing a paperless gypsum/fiber board from a mixture including reinforcing material particles, calcined gypsum and water. A headbox feeds the mixture into a panel forming area (forming pond) over the upper surface of a continuous forming fabric to form a panel mat. Also, a reinforcing mesh is fed over a transverse member, located over a portion of the forming fabric, and into the forming pond to embed the mesh in the mixture. At least a portion of a downstream end of the transverse member is under a downstream portion of the headbox or downstream of the headbox. Then the panel mat is pressed, the calcined gypsum of the pressed panel mat is rehydrated, and the resulting board is dried.

Abstract: A headbox apparatus for a papermaking machine is disclosed. The headbox apparatus defines a flow path for stock flowing between an upstream location and a downstream slice lip. The apparatus includes a plurality of blocks which are anchored within the flow path between the upstream location and the slice lip. Each block and an adjacent block of the plurality of blocks define therebetween a flow tube for the flow therethrough of the stock. The flow tube has an upstream portion having an upstream and a downstream end. The flow tube has a downstream portion having an upstream and a downstream extremity, the upstream extremity of the downstream portion extending from the downstream end of the upstream portion. The downstream portion of the flow tube has a volume which is greater than a further volume of the upstream portion of the flow tube such that when the stock flows from the upstream portion to the downstream portion of the flow tube, the stock is mixed within the downstream portion.

Abstract: A headbox apparatus is disclosed for a papermaking machine. The headbox apparatus defines a flow path for stock flowing between an upstream header and a downstream slice lip. The apparatus includes a plurality of elements which are anchored within the flow path between the header and the slice lip. Each element and an adjacent element of the plurality of elements defines therebetween a flow tube for the flow therethrough of the stock. The flow tube has an upstream portion and a downstream portion that gradually widens in a direction from the header to the slice lip.

Abstract: A method for feeding one or more chemicals into a papermaking process is disclosed. More specifically, a method for feeding chemistry into a thick stock of a papermaking process is disclosed.

Abstract: A distribution unit for adding a fiber suspension to an inlet space in a dewatering press is disclosed. The distribution unit comprises a distribution housing, which forms at least one distribution slit intended to be connected to the inlet space of the dewatering press, and at least one inlet member for adding the fiber suspension to the distribution slit. The distribution housing is provided with at least one opening to the distribution slit and a matching hatch for sealing the opening. The hatch is hinged to the distribution housing so that it is pivotable relative to the distribution housing between a first position and a second position. An inlet box is also disclosed comprising a number of the distribution units.

Abstract: A multiple mode headbox is provided including a support surface, two or more chambers, and an adjustable roof. Each chamber includes a plurality of nozzles adapted to optionally supply papermaking fibers to the support surface. The adjustable roof is operably configured to adjust over a range of movement such that it defines a forming zone between the support surface and at least one chamber in a first mode, and between said support surface and at least one different said chamber in a second mode.

Abstract: Methods for achieving even transverse distribution and propagation of a flowing medium are disclosed in which the flowing medium is supplied through a conduit and is deflected during diverging propagation in at least one distribution gap. The method includes deflecting the flowing medium during diverging propagation along the distribution gap in which the medium is conveyed through a passage to an outlet gap having a larger depth than the depth of the distribution gap. The medium is conveyed over an edge of the passage extending transverse to the direction of the flow, and the edge is designed to obtain a propagation along the flowing path of the diverging medium that provides a substantially even and parallel flow of the medium along the outlet gap. Apparatus for achieving this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding one or more chemicals into a process stream of a papermaking process is disclosed, as well as a method of utilizing the apparatus for feeding one or more chemicals into a process stream is disclosed.

Abstract: A headbox apparatus of a paper machine or equivalent has a body (11). Dilution water (arrow L2) is conducted through at least two rows of ducts (12a1, 12a2 . . . ) into each body mixing chambers (13a1, 13a2 . . . ). Each mixing chamber (13a1, 13a2 . . . ) is limited by vertical walls (T1), a bottom wall (T2) and a covering wall (T3), and a partition wall (16a1, 16a2 . . . ). The ducts (14a1.1, 14a1.2 . . . ) on the inlet side of the mixing chamber extend into the mixing chamber (13a1, 13a2 . . . ) at a distance (h1) from the ducts (15a1.1, 15a1.2 . . . , 15a2.2 . . . ) on the outlet side of the mixing chamber (13a1, 13a2 . . . ), whereby an annular gap (D1) is left between the aligned duct (14a1.1, 14a1.2 . . . 14a2.1, 14a2.2 . . . ) on the inlet side and the duct (15a1.1, 15a1.2 . . . , 15a2.1, 15a2.2 . . . ) on the outlet side. Each mixing chamber (13a1, 13a2 . . . ) is filled by dilution water which is conducted through the annular gap (D1) to join the stock (m1).

Abstract: In a machine for forming a layered fibrous web, at least two different fiber suspensions are led through a head box (10), the fiber suspensions are separated from each other by a blade device (18, 180), the fiber suspensions are supplied to a web forming device (24) and a water layer is formed having a transversely uniform flow at an outlet at the end of the blade device (18, 180), such that the water layer constitutes an extension of the blade device and thereby prevents mixing of the fiber suspensions. The blade device (18, 180) can be freely movable in a substantially vertical direction in order to permit an equalization of pressure between the fiber suspension layers separated by the blade device and thereby reducing wake effects downstream the edge of the blade device.

Abstract: The invention presents a paper machine for a used paper recycling apparatus being installed in a room of a small shop or the like, friendly to the environment, low in running cost, and capable of maintaining a high confidentiality. The paper machine includes a paper making process unit for manufacturing wet paper from slurry pulp suspension sent from the pulp making section of a preceding process, and a drying process unit for drying the wet paper manufactured in the paper making process unit and making recycled paper, in which a processing conveyor is disposed between the paper making process unit and the drying process unit extending in the overall length of the paper making process and the drying process, and this processing conveyor is manufactured in a form of net belt conveyor having a running mesh belt of mesh structure composed of innumerable mesh cells for filtering and dewatering the pulp suspension.

Abstract: A method in a paper or board machine for confining a pulp flow coming from the headbox (1), in which by at least one deckle part (2) being above the wire in the operating position the pulp flow coming from the headbox is confined in the lateral direction in the edge area of the wire (3). In the method, by a support part (50) impervious to liquid being below the wire (3) together with the deckle part (2) into connection with which liquid is brought, a pressure effect is provided which furthers the sealing between the deckle board (2) and the wire (3) and intensifies the lubrication of at least one sealing surface of the deckle (2). The invention also relates to an apparatus.

Abstract: In a method of forming a layered fibrous web, the method includes the steps of leading at least two different fiber suspensions through a head box (10), separating the fiber suspensions from each other by a blade device (18, 180), supplying the fiber suspensions to a web forming device (24) and forming a water layer having a transversely uniform flow at an outlet at the end of the blade device (18, 180), such that the water layer constitutes an extension of the blade device and thereby prevents mixing of the fiber suspensions. The blade device (18, 180) can be freely movable in a substantially vertical direction in order to permit an equalization of pressure between the fiber suspension layers separated by the blade device and thereby reducing wake effects downstream the edge of the blade device. A paper machine for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A headbox apparatus for a papermaking machine is disclosed. The headbox apparatus defines a flow path for stock flowing between an upstream location and a downstream slice lip. The apparatus includes a plurality of blocks which are anchored within the flow path between the upstream location and the slice lip. Each block and an adjacent block of the plurality of blocks define therebetween a flow tube for the flow therethrough of the stock. The flow tube has an upstream portion having an upstream and a downstream end. The flow tube has a downstream portion having an upstream and a downstream extremity, the upstream extremity of the downstream portion extending from the downstream end of the upstream portion. The downstream portion of the flow tube has a volume which is greater than a further volume of the upstream portion of the flow tube such that when the stock flows from the upstream portion to the downstream portion of the flow tube, the stock is mixed within the downstream portion.

Abstract: A pulp feeder for used paper recycling apparatus being installed in a room of a small shop or the like, friendly to the environment, low in running cost, and capable of maintaining a high confidentiality is presented. The pulp feeder includes a partition member disposed slidably on the downside of a running endless mesh belt, and a paper making frame body disposed slidably on the upside of the mesh belt, and an overflow gate is provided in the paper making frame body for keeping constant the water level of the collected pulp suspension, and the pulp suspension supplied in the paper making frame body is collected up to a specific water level defined by the overflow gate, and is uniformly diffused and supplied on the upside of the running mesh belt. Accordingly, if the supply water volume of pulp suspension fluctuates, the water level of pulp suspension staying in the paper making frame body is always kept constant, and the weight of the wet paper manufactured on the mesh belt is stabilized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for foam forming, wherein fibrous foam suspension is introduced from the head box (78, 178) of a production machine to the web forming section thereof. At least one solid material is mixed into the foam in the head box (78, 178). The method and the apparatus of the invention are particularly suitable for manufacturing various web-like products of cellulose, glass fiber, aramide, sisal, or other corresponding fibre material.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing security paper, comprising at least one main forming roller, which is provided with a lower portion or forming portion, which is arranged inside a forming box that contains a paper paste, an upper portion or deposition portion, which is arranged below a collecting wire that can move along an advancement direction and is designed to receive, at a collecting face, the sheet formed on the forming roller, and a device for depositing security elements that is arranged upstream of the main forming roller along the advancement direction of the collecting wire and is adapted to deposit the security elements at the collecting face.

Abstract: To smooth the surface of a flow sheet that is used in a paper machine and make the flow sheet easy to handle, reinforced fibers are disposed in a mold 5. The entire mold 5 is covered with enclosing members 10, 11 so that an enclosed space 12 is formed inside the enclosing members 10, 11. While air in the enclosed space 12 is being suctioned through one end of the enclosed space 12, matrix resin is supplied to the reinforced fibers through the other end of the enclosed space 12 to impregnate the reinforced fibers with the matrix resin, and the matrix resin is hardened, whereby there is obtained a flow sheet whose surface smoothness is 0.25 ?m or less in terms of arithmetical mean roughness.

Abstract: A multiple mode headbox is provided including a support surface, two or more chambers, and an adjustable roof. Each chamber includes a plurality of nozzles adapted to optionally supply papermaking fibers to the support surface. The adjustable roof is operably configured to adjust over a range of movement such that it defines a forming zone between the support surface and at least one chamber in a first mode, and between said support surface and at least one different said chamber in a second mode.

Abstract: A method in the measurement of the flatness of the flow surface of a headbox of a paper machine is disclosed. The flatness is determined by placing a measuring tool on the flat surface formed by the flow surface and measuring the position of the measuring tool at each point. A measuring sensor is arranged in the measuring tool, in order to determine the distance between the measuring tool and the flat surface. In addition, the dimensions provided by the measuring sensors are read and the position of the measuring tool and the dimensions from the measuring sensors are combined, in order to determine the values of the measured points. The invention also relates to equipment in the measurement of the flatness of the flow surface of the headbox of a paper machine.

Abstract: Methods for uniformly distributing a flowing medium to a surface such as that of a rotary liquid permeable roll are disclosed where the flowing medium is distributed by a number of distribution units, the method including distributing the flowing medium to each of the distribution units and separately controlling the flow of the flowing medium to each of the distribution units whereby a uniform flow and an equal amount of the flowing medium is obtained in each of the distribution units. Distribution devices for uniformly distributing a flowing medium to such a surface are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of controlling the production of filler-containing paper. Filler and retention agent are delivered to a paper manufacturing system in a process of paper manufacture. The amount of filler in the paper is measured, as is also the filler concentration or the total concentration in the white water or the stock. Filler is delivered such that the system will be buffered with filler to a generally pre-determined concentration level. The continual addition of retention agent is based exclusively on the amount of filler in the paper measured at that moment in time. When the measured amount of filler present is lower than a desired level, the addition is increased. When the measured amount of filler present is higher than a desired level, the addition is reduced. The continual addition of filler is based, exclusively on the concentration level of filler measured in the white water or the stock.

Abstract: A method of ensuring the flatness of a vane that is mounted in a headbox by means of a mounting arrangement including engagement dowels for cooperation with a downstream support wall of a transverse groove, said vane being affected during operation by shearing forces from the stock and by retaining forces from the mounting arrangement. In accordance with the invention outer engagement dowels are mounted at the side edges of the vane to cooperate during a specific period of time, as the only engagement dowels with the downstream support wall in order to take up said shearing forces, whereby tensile stresses will arise in the downstream end portion of the vane in the cross machine direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for degassing of suspension, specifically fiber stock suspension. The method according to the invention is characterized in that separated excess suspension is discharged sideways through an overflow having an overflow edge that is located in the tank outside wall and is positioned parallel to the tank axis. The device according to the invention is characterized in that the overflow includes at least one overflow having an overflow edge that is located in the tank outside wall and is positioned parallel to the tank axis and that at least one overflow system, for the purpose of discharging the separated excess suspension, is located following the overflow.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for removing water from a mechanical pulp, chemical pulp or paper sheet, carried between top and bottom wires running through a dewatering machine having a first dewatering zone. The apparatus includes at least one suction box positioned downstream of the first dewatering zone. The process includes generating an air current in at least one of the wires downstream of the first dewatering zone with the suction box. The air current removes water from the wire and directs it into an inner chamber of the suction box. The invention also refers to a device for implementing the process.

Abstract: A headbox (10) of a paper machine or such includes a bypass manifold (J1), from which the pulp is conducted by way of pipes (11a1.1, 11a1.2 . . . 11a2.1, 11a2.2 . . . ) of pipe rows in a set of pipes (11) and an intermediate chamber (E) into a turbulence generator (12), or from the bypass manifold (J1) directly into the turbulence generator and by way of the pipes (12a1.1, 12a1.2, . . . ; 12a2.1, 12a2.2 . . . ) of the turbulence generator's (12) pipe rows into a lip cone (K) and further out from the headbox on to a formation wire. The turbulence generator (12) of the headbox includes a fluidization element (14), wherein fluidization is carried out in one stage only and in which structure as little disturbance as possible is then caused to the fluidised flow.

Abstract: An inlet chamber is connected to a nozzle section by way of a plurality of tubes. Diluting liquid for mixing with paper stock flowing through one or each of said tubes is fed into the tube via annular inlet means. To ensure thorough mixing, channel means leading into the annular inlet means is configured to create turbulent flow of diluting liquid prior to its introduction into the tube, for example, by consisting of a helical or spiral duct, or by being provided internally with baffle means.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a mixer for mixing flows of a papermaking process. In the invention, a first flow is conveyed through a tube, and turbulence is generated in it by means of form parts located on the inner periphery of the tube. The mixing zone of the mixer comprises feed openings on the inner periphery of the tube for feeding a second flow from a feed channel outside the tube into the first flow, whereby the flows are mixed as a result of the turbulence generated by the form parts. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one form part comprises a feed opening.

Abstract: Multi-layer headbox for a paper machine that includes a plurality of nozzle chambers having outlet gaps located at nozzle chamber ends. Each of the plurality of nozzle chambers are assigned to different layers, and at least one of the plurality of nozzle chambers has a length in a flow direction that is different from a length of at least one other of the plurality of nozzle chambers. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A headbox, for example, in a pulp or board machine, is suitable for high basis weights which are over 400 g/m2 and for high fiber suspension consistencies which are in a range of 2–5%. The headbox has a turbulence part (1), into which a fiber suspension flows from a tube bank (2), and a slice part (3) which is situated after the turbulence part and from which the fiber suspension flows to a forming section of a fibrous web. The turbulence part (1) of the headbox has at least two passages (5, 6), which converge in the flow direction of the fiber suspension towards the slice part (3). In that connection, the fiber suspension flow is first fluidized in a tortuous turbulence passage part (11) and, after that, it decelerates in another widening deceleration passage (12).

Abstract: A method for fluidisation of a pulp flow in the headbox of a paper machine or such. The characteristics of the pulp flow are affected in the headbox's fluidiser (14) in one step only, whereby the height (h1) of the step is at least equal to the average fibre length, and after the fluidiser (14) the biggest permissible step expression in the flow channel in direction z is smaller than the average fibre length.

Abstract: A vacuum pump (P0) provides vacuum to a paper machine deaeration tank (11) which has an inlet duct (10) through which the tank is supplied with wire water. A discharge duct (12) extends from the deaeration tank (11). There is an overflow (14) for the wire water in the discharge duct at the discharge end of the discharge duct (12). The overflow (14) of the discharge duct (12) is located below the deaeration tank (11) and opens to a free air space. The discharge duct (12) includes a branch duct (15a1) for a flow which is passed to the headbox (100).

Abstract: A method of ensuring the flatness of a vane that is mounted in a headbox by means of a mounting arrangement including engagement dowels for cooperation with a downstream support wall of a transverse groove, said vane being affected during operation by shearing forces from the stock and by retaining forces from the mounting arrangement. In accordance with the invention outer engagement dowels are mounted at the side edges of the vane to cooperate during a specific period of time, as the only engagement dowels with the downstream support wall in order to take up said shearing forces, whereby tensile stresses will arise in the downstream end portion of the vane in the cross machine direction.