Abstract: A head box has a dispersing section provided with a numerous paper material slurry flowing pores at an inlet side of a paper material slurry passage leading to a slurry slip. A reduced stream section is disposed at an outlet side of the dispersing section. The reduced stream section is adapted to reduce the distance of the paper material slurry passage. An evener chamber is formed between an inlet side of the reduced stream section and an outlet side of the dispersing section. A reduced stream gate is disposed at the reduced stream section. The reduced stream gate is adapted to regulate the distance of the reduced stream section. The reduced stream gate is disposed on a bottom surface of the reduced stream section. The reduced stream gate is provided with a shaft portion pivotable about a fixed supporting point and a circular arcuate gate portion formed in concentric with and projected from the shaft portion along a circular arcuate surface of the shaft portion.

Abstract: A headbox for a paper making arrangement involves the use of internal Coanda type nozzles within the headbox for recirculation and agitation of slurry therein. The Coanda nozzle has an inlet, an outlet, and a primary flow slit adjacent a curved surface which recedes from the flow axis of the primary flow slit. The primary flow is recycled water which has drained from the slurry on the web-forming surface and which is delivered under pressure to the Coanda nozzle. This causes slurry in the headbox to be entrained and drawn into the inlet of the Coanda nozzle, from which it is thrust out through the outlet of the Coanda nozzle back into the headbox. The Coanda nozzle inlet is aligned with but spaced from a slurry supply nozzle in the headbox such that a portion of the entrained slurry comes from the supply nozzle and another portion comes from slurry already in the headbox.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of active attenuation of machine directon pressure pulsations in the stock fed into the headbox (10) of a paper or board machine in such a way that the pressure pulsations in the stock are measured and the water flow to be fed into the stock is controlled on the basis of the results of the measurement. The volume available for the stock flow is controlled by means of water flow changes. Pressure variations achieved by volume variations are arranged substantially in opposition to the pressure variations to be attenuated thus attenuating the pressure variations in the stock. The invention also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the above method. The apparatus comprises a sensor (6) or a set of sensors, on the basis of whose output signal/signals a regulator (7) has been arranged to automatically control the water flow to be fed into the stock by an adequately fast valve arrangement (1) moved by the controlling element (2) of the regulator (7).

Abstract: A layer of particulate material is formed by forming a foamed dispersion of a particulate material, supplying the foamed dispersion to a predetermined zone of a plane through which a foraminous element is moving, applying a vacuum to said plane across the zone on the other side of the foraminous element, so as to drain foam and form a particulate layer thereon, removing any free air from the drained foam, and continuously recycling the resulting foam for re-use in forming the foamed particulate dispersion. An apparatus is provided for carrying out the process.

Abstract: In a headbox of a web forming apparatus, a trailing elemnet device is disclosed for dividing a flow of stock flowing through a slice chamber of the headbox towards a slice lip of the headbox. The trailing element device includes a rectangular sheet having an upstream and a downstream end and a first and a second surface. The upstream end of the sheet is pivotally secured within the slice chamber for dividing the flow of stock into a first and a second current. The downstream end of the sheet freely floats adjacent to the slice lip such that the first current of stock flows past the first surface and the second current of stock flows past the second surface so that turbulence within the slice chamber is reduced.

Abstract: Apparatus for stabilizing a jet flow (J) discharged from a headbox slice channel (16) of a paper machine and for controlling the edge area of a paper or board web. In the flow direction (F) of the stock suspension, the slice channel (16) narrows and converges in the edge areas thereof, on both sides in cross direction of the web formed. The top wall (25) of an apron beam (24) forms the bottom wall of the slice channel (16). The slice channel (16) is defined by a planar top wall (14), which is hinge-jointed at the upstream edge of adjustment of the slice opening (15). At the level of the bottom wall (25), the slice channel (16) narrows and converges linearly from the full width (L.sub.max) of a turbulence generator (13) down to the width (L.sub.0) of the slice opening. At the level of the top wall (14) of the slice channel (16) the width of the slice channel (16) is essentially retained the same and equal to the width (L.sub.0) of the slice opening.

Abstract: The invention relates to a headbox of a paper or board making machine, particularly a hydraulic headbox, which has an inlet header section (1) with a manifold tube section (2) and an equalizing chamber (3) in the stock suspension flow route, a turbulence generator section (4) following the equalizing chamber (3), after which a tapered slice section (8) is located, through which the stock suspension is discharged onto the wire. The headbox also has an attenuation chamber (6) for pressure variations, which defines one or several air spaces (7) under the flow channel of the stock suspension, the spaces being connected with the flow channel by way of a connecting channel (5). The air space or spaces (7) are preferably confined by subjacent frame structures including a bottom wall (16) and vertical walls (18) and walls (19) defining the flow channel from below.

Abstract: A headbox features in the machine-wide suspension channel, following in the flow direction of the suspension, a tubular distributing grid, an equalization channel, a turbulence generator, and a nozzle. Connected to the suspension channel is a device for dispensation of diluting liquid into the suspension. The amount of diluting liquid is adjustable across the machine width in contingence on the position of the basis weight cross profile variation in the produced paper web. The diluting liquid is dispensed directly before a choking point of the turbulence generator, into the suspension channel, in order to thereby prevent hydraulic disturbances, specifically cross flows in the suspension flow in the nozzle.

Abstract: A fiber stock suspension is directed from a guide device through the nozzle chamber of the headbox device and out of the slice opening thereof onto a papermaking machine. This nozzle chamber comprises at least two zones or sections. The first zone subsequent to the guide device possesses a relatively low convergence angle or low angle of wall inclination of the headbox device relative to the direction of flow of the fiber stock suspension. The other or second zone is positioned prior to or immediately upstream of the slice opening and possesses a substantially greater convergence angle or angle of wall inclination. In the first zone subsequent to the guide device, an improved flow stabilization or quieting of the flow of the fiber stock suspension occurs after the deflection of the fiber stock suspension and the creation of turbulence by the guide device. In the second zone prior to the slice opening the fiber stock suspension is strongly accelerated.

Abstract: In a headbox system for a papermaking machine with an adjustable distribution of the fiber stock suspension or pulp over the web width, the flow in the delivery slice is controlled in such a way that, across the web width, also the distribution of the fibers in respect of fiber orientation and quantity has a desired profile. For this purpose, the flow of the fiber stock suspension is controlled such that in the event of a change in the distribution of the fiber stock suspension across the web width, the horizontal component of the flow direction in the delivery slice remains, at all locations, always in the predetermined machine direction and thus transverse flows are avoided and the flow rate in the delivery slice has a predeterminate profile.

Abstract: In a headbox system for a papermaking machine with an adjustable distribution of the fiber stock suspension or pulp over the web width, the flow in the delivery slice is controlled in such a way that, across the web width, also the distribution of the fibers in respect of fiber orientation and quantity has a desired profile. For this purpose, the flow of the fiber stock suspension is controlled such that in the event of a change in the distribution of the fiber stock suspension across the web width, the horizontal component of the flow direction in the delivery slice remains, at all locations, always in the predetermined machine direction and thus transverse flows are avoided and the flow rate in the delivery slice has a predeterminate profile.

Abstract: The head box for a paper making machine joins the main distribution channel with an outlet nozzle that extends over the width of the machine. The head box has a plurality of linear, tubular flow channels extending from the distribution channel to the outlet nozzle. Just before entry into the outlet nozzle, each channel widens continuously, forming a continuous diffuser communicating into the outlet nozzle. In each tubular flow channel, a respective channel piece of reduced inside diameter is provided at or just upstream of the continuous diffuser. The entrance into the channel piece is developed as a step-like reduction in cross-section of the tubular channel, as compared with the cross-section of the tubular channel just upstream.

Abstract: Turbulence generator for the head box of a paper machine, the quality of the surface of the flow ducts of which has been improved and the manufacturing technique of which is simple. The turbulence generator according to the invention is characterized by the feature that the body of the perforated beams (6a, 6b) and the coating material of the face surfaces and the flow ducts are densely and tightly bonded to each other and that the coating materials of the flow ducts (7) is both physically and chemically wear resistant. The body of the beam is plastic, and the surfaces of the flow ducts have a ceramic coating on them.

Abstract: A two-speed stepper actuator unit for use in paper machine headbox slice lip control has a spindle 16 driven by a power nut 24. A lever clamp 32 has legs 34 and 36 selectively clamped together around nut 24 by means of a cam action locking plate 40 driven by solenoid 48. The longer leg 36 of clamp 32 has a cam follower which rotationally drives nut 24 through the lever 36 in response to the shape of a cam plate 50 which translates in the housing 12 on antifriction rollers 66 when drive solenoid 54 is actuated. The cam surface 60 guides the lever 36 in either of two speed modes depending on whether spring biased roller follower 52 is on cams surface portion 62 or 64.

Abstract: In a multi-ply headbox of a papermaking machine, a flexible partition foil or sheet is connected by an apparatus to a rigid partition element dividing the nozzle chamber. For rapid replacement of the flexible partition foil or sheet, the apparatus comprises an upper retaining strip and a lower retaining strip which are structured for force-locking or form-closed or form-locking clamping of the flexible partition foil or sheet therebetween and secured at the rigid partition element. Between the upper and lower retaining strips there is provided a pressure chamber of a pressure device, which pressure chamber can be impinged by a pressurized fluid medium for spreading or expanding, if necessary, the upper and the lower retaining strips. The pressure chamber possesses the shape of a continuous groove extending across the entire outlet width of the headbox.

Abstract: In a headbox system for a papermaking machine with an adjustable distribution of the fiber stock suspension or pulp over the web width, the flow in the delivery slice is controlled in such a way that, across the web width, also the distribution of the fibers in respect of fiber orientation and quantity has a desired profile. For this purpose, the flow of the fiber stock suspension is controlled such that in the event of a change in the distribution of the fiber stock suspension across the web width, the horizontal component of the flow direction in the delivery slice remains, at all locations, always in the predetermined machine direction and thus transverse flows are avoided and the flow rate in the delivery slice has a predetermined profile.

Abstract: Flocs of papermaking fiber are dispersed by a multiplicity of white-water jets directed into a papermachine headbox prior to the slice opening. Jet direction is oriented counterflow to the papermaking stock slice flow to create maximum turbulence, fluid shear and energy dissipation. Such jets issue from nozzle orifices in the slice profiling bar and are supplied with fluid through a two-stage manifold system. To preserve vertical plane pliability of the conduit-connected profiling bar, section area of the profiling bar between nozzles is minimized. Self sealing, push fit, fluid conduit connections with the jet nozzle orifices are made with flexible conduits between a sectional bar type of intermediate header and the profiling bar.

Abstract: A paper machine headbox slice lip rotector system which permits limited incremental movement up or down by means of a pivoting lever arm 32 with lock bolt end portions 36 and 38 moving in adjacent protectors' adjustable keeper recesses 40. The recesses 40 are defined by stop nuts 42 on a threaded body fixed to the adjustable spindles 20. The lever arm 32 is pivotally mounted on the body for permitting up and down movement a distance which is the average of the distance defined by the keeper recesses 40 of the adjacent protectors. This prevents the prior art problem of a protector being "locked" between adjacent protectors.

Abstract: A nozzle-like, machine-wide stock channel forms a stock discharge opening to which is allocated a device for adjusting the basis weight cross direction (CD) profile of the paper web produced in the paper machine. The device has a profile bar extending across the machine width. This is connected to an expanding member supported at the headbox in which are arranged pressure chambers disposed in succession across the machine width. By pressurization of the chambers of the expanding member consisting of an elastic material, this can be deformed. The deformation is transferred to the profile bar and in this way the effective width of the stock discharge opening changed.

Abstract: Expanding body which is essentially designed as a hollow beam and, viewed in the cross-section, composed of several flexible walls. At least one of these walls has a higher expandability than the other walls. The internal chamber of the expanding body can be pressurized by a variable fluid pressure. On the use of such an expanding body in a paper machine headbox a wall with a relatively low expandability forms the downstream end piece of a flow guide wall. Its position, which determines the clear width of the discharge opening, is alterable by varying the internal pressure.

Abstract: Complete definition of a papermachine headbox slice opening requires the measurement of three interdependent dimensions including (1) the projection distance of the slice lip edge below the slice beam, (2) the projection distance of the slice apron edge beyond the plane of the slice lip edge and (3) the slice opening distance between the slice lip edge and the upper face plane of the slice apron. A single gauging tool is provided for measuring all three headbox slice dimensions.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for compensating bending of a lip beam in a paper machine when papermaking pulp flowing through the slice formed with the lip beam causes loading upon a bottom surface of the top lip beam. The bending of the beam caused by the loading is compensated by bending the lip beam in the opposite direction, by creating a temperature difference in the lip beam between a top part and a bottom part of the same.

Abstract: In a multi-ply headbox, the nozzle chamber is subdivided by rigid partition walls into a number of nozzle chambers, and the slice openings or outlet slices are adjustable independently of one another. This is accomplished by providing a pivotable mounting of the partition wall or walls in a guide block, for instance, such pivotable mounting being accomplished by a substantially cylindrical shell or cup bearing structure. The desired pivotable movement or adjustment of the rigid partition wall can be undertaken by an inclined groove-cam guide arrangement effective at a projection of the partition wall or by pressure cushions, such as pressure hoses effective at both sides of the projection.

Abstract: A plurality of stages of parallel twisted plates extend in a slurry passage adjacent to a slice outlet of a head box in the direction of papermaking slurry flow therethrough and are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. The twisted plates directly cause the slurry flowing through the head box to swirl. Adjacent vortex flows of the slurry interfere with each other, resulting in the violent agitation of the slurry.

Abstract: Method and apparatus in the headbox of a paper machine and in its approach pipe system. In the headbox, pulp suspension is fed through the approach pipe system and a pressure screen arrangement, if any, to a distributing header part, from which the pulp suspension flow is conducted through a turbulence generator section and further to a lip section. A pulp suspension jet is discharged from a lip aperture of the lip section onto a forming wire or into a throat defined by a pair of forming wires. At least part of the approach pipe system, the distribution header part, and the turbulence generator section are arranged to have two or several substantially parallel pulp suspension flow passages. The different passages operate substantially simultaneously in parallel, when the headbox has been set to operate in a higher flow rate range.

Abstract: Fastening of a profile bar to adjustment spindles at a discharge opening of a head box of a paper machine. A series of fastening holes or recesses are made into one edge of the profile bar and provided with chamferings. In the end of the adjustment spindles situated next to the discharge opening, a recess is provided with a series of screws being fitted in one side thereof. These screws are provided with ends coresponding to the chamferings in the fastening holes of the profile bar. A second set of screws coaxial with the first set of screws are provided in an outer wall of the recess, with inner ends of the second set of screws being provided with parts corresponding to the outer chamferings of the fastening holes in the profile bar.

Abstract: A paper machine head box includes perforated plates being used as a distributor and a turbulence generator and having flow ducts, of which the ones at the edges are of different size than the remaining flow ducts. According to a preferred embodiment, slides, which are movable sideways, are provided at the ends of slice ducts at both edges of the perforated plates in order to regulate the flow. The slides and the perforated plates define the outermost flow ducts of the turbulence generator and the distributor.

Abstract: A head box has a preferably fixed flow-carrying wall (11) and a movable flow-carrying wall (13) defining a nozzle-like stock conduit (14) and an outlet slot (15). The movable wall is provided with an adjustable profile bar (35) at the stock outlet slot. For coarse adjustment of the slot width, two lifting devices (21) act on the movable flow-carrying wall. Fine adjustment of the slot width is performed by adjustment spindles (36) acting on the profile bar.To improve adjustment of the stock outlet slot by the movable wall and to use the profile bar adjustment to perform very small corrections to the slot width, a front end section (24) of the movable wall located in the region of the stock outlet slot is flexibly constructed with respect to the remaining part of the wall, and a plurality of adjustment units (33) are spaced across the machine width and act on the flexible end section directly in front of the stock outlet slot.

Abstract: The front wall and support arrangement is shaped as a stiff support structure extending across the entire machine width above a slice chamber. The support structure is deformed due to its inherent weight and because of the pressures and temperatures prevailing in the slice chamber. To counteract these deformation effects the support structure is supported by a support carrier of about the same length as the support structure. To attain a substantially lower structural height, the support carrier is arranged relative to the support structure such that an intermediate space prevails between the lower wall of the support structure and the support carrier. This intermediate space accommodates force-generating support elements. Each of the force-generating support elements is provided for only a portion of the surface or area to be supported in the intermediate space.

Abstract: A system for forming a web from a dilute, aqueous slurry of fibers wherein a thin, horizontally-extending aqueous stream of fibers is projected onto a travelling foraminous forming wire. The forming wire is disposed to travel over a forming board which has a leading lip which is deflected downwardly with respect to the oncoming jet stream. The lower surface of the jet stream is disposed substantially parallel with the surface of the travelling foraminous wire wire at the point where the stream contacts the wire to minimize turbulence at the point of initial contact of the jet stream on the wire and subsequent spouting of the fibrous stock downstream in the forming zone.

Abstract: The device comprises a head box with a nozzle for applying a pulp suspension on a wire located below the nozzle. A pressure plate is located after the nozzle over the pulp suspension. The pressure plate comprises a concave formed portion, against which the pulp suspension is sprayed, and a subsequent convex formed portion. The fiber web is formed in a forming zone where dewatering is effected in that the convex portion of the pressure plate and an unsupported portion of the wire are pressed against each other.

Abstract: Method and apparatus in the head box of a paper machine for controlling the distortion of fibre orientation in the paper web comprise an arrangement wherein by-pass flows of pulp suspension are passed through opposite passages lateral of the turbulence generator preceding the slice portion or discharge channel of the head box. The magnitude and/or the mutual relationship of the by-pass flows is adjusted to control the distortion of the fibre orientation in that the by-pass flows produce a transverse flow in the discharge flow of the pulp suspension from the head box, the speed of which compensates for the distortion of the fibre orientation.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for laying down a fibrous web from a foam-fiber furnish. A headbox includes walls defining an elongate channel extending transversely of the direction of movement of the forming wire. Foam-forming nozzles are positioned to introduce foam-fiber furnish into the channel for turbulence - inducing impact on an oppositely disposed wall defining the channel. The turbulently flowing foam-fiber furnish is then introduced to the headbox slice for discharge onto the forming wire with minimized MD orientation of the fibers.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for regulating pressure in a wedge-shaped space between the wall of the headbox lip beam or the like and the breast roll. An arrangement is provided by which air jets are directed in a direction opposite to the direction in which the forming wire moves on the breast roll to eject air out of the wedge-shaped space to maintain the pressure induced therein at a desired level. The apparatus includes a blow box coupled to a source of pressurized air and the box having a wall in opposed relationship to the forming wire in which nozzle openings or slots are formed through which the air jets are directed. The blow box has a wider side which substantially closes the wedge-shaped space. Water jets are directed into the wedge-shaped space by water supply devices provided on the blow box for cleaning purposes.

Abstract: A breast box nozzle for a paper making machine or the like is shown as having an adjustably positionable shutter member which can be moved generally further and lesser into the path of flow of a stream of pulp stock as to thereby determine the thickness of the discharge stream of pulp stock; a support arrangement applies a pressure to the shutter member as against a downstream side thereof in order to counter the forces generated by the stream of pulp stock upstream of the shutter member and applied as against the upstream side thereof tending to undesirably deform the shutter member; the support arrangement has an elastomeric member, which can be internally pressurized, generally interposed between a relatively fixed support member and a downstream side of the shutter member; and an elongated slide member is generally interposed between the elastomeric member and the downstream side of the shutter member.

Abstract: A headbox for delivering stock to a forming surface in a papermaking machine with the headbox having a slice chamber and a slice opening and having trailing elements positioned in the slice chamber extending transversely of the headbox with means anchoring the elements only at their upstream ends with the downstream portion unattached and constructed to be self-positionable so as to be solely responsive to forces exerted thereon by the stock flowing toward the slice with the elements having greater structural stiffness in the cross-machine direction so that the elements offer resistance to deflection in a cross-machine direction by transient pressure variations and offer minimal resistance to deformation of the fluid flow stream for balancing forces on opposite sides of the elements with the elements in one form being laminated with a plurality of anisotropic layers.

Abstract: Apparatus to reduce pressure pulsations in a pipe line. The apparatus comprises a central pipe to be connected to the pipe line. There is a resilient liner within the central pipe and an intermediate chamber is substantially concentric with the central pipe and open at each end. An opening in the central pipe is closed by the liner. Pressure variations in the central pipe are thus communicated to the intermediate chamber, which is attached to the central pipe. There is an outer chamber, closed at each end and substantially concentric with the intermediate chamber, and able to maintain a selected pressure.

Abstract: A filter press for the thickening of cellulose pulp or sludge in which the filter press is furnished with a feedbox to lead the sludge suspension to the wire. In order to increase the capacity of filter presses or the like, the sludge to be dried can be fed through a feedbox in accordance with the invention, in which box there is at least one surface penetrating the liquid to facilitate thickening of the sludge suspension before it is lead to the filter press wire.

Abstract: A reversible slice lip for paper machine is formed with two discrete slice edges extending substantially parallel and forming opposite longitudinal edges of the slice lip. The slice lip is provided with a mounting means and is formed substantially symmetrical about its longitudinal axis so that it may be mounted on the headbox with one or the other of the slice edges in operative position.

Abstract: A paper machine trailing element for use in a slice in a headbox wherein the trailing element is formed of laminations with a bead at the upper end for anchoring the element in a slice chamber with the bead formed of laminations with fibers on the outer surface in the machine direction and in the cross-machine direction within the bead so that the element has a greater stiffness in the machine direction at the upstream end with the element tapering to a thin tip at the downstream end and the downstream end formed of laminations with fibers extending in the cross-machine direction for a greater stiffness to minimize instability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a paper web from a fiber suspension are disclosed. These include injecting a fiber suspension stream through a slice opening onto the upper surface of a travelling paper web-forming surface, maintaining that surface free of support for a predetermined distance downstream of the slice opening, maintaining a flexible lip near the upper surface of the web-forming surface for a portion of that predetermined distance, and applying a vacuum to the lower surface of the web-forming surface throughout the predetermined distance. In this manner, both the method and apparatus can produce a paper web and substantially dewater the fiber suspension within the space between the flexible lip and the web-forming suspension and substantially reduce disturbances during formation of the web and throughout the predetermined distance.

Abstract: Apparatus is known for controlling the deposition of a liquid onto a moving surface comprising a reservoir having an outlet, and a curved guide member downwardly extending from above and adjacent to the outlet and having an underside onto which a jet of liquid can be discharged from the outlet, the guide member being oriented so as to be capable of causing liquid to flow down the member on its underside so that its direction of flow approaches the direction of travel of a moving surface.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for discharging material through an elongate aperture in a substantially constant amount per unit length of said aperture. The apparatus comprises a screw discharging unit having an inlet end and including a screw housing with a casing wall and a screw rotatably mounted in the screw housing. The elongate aperture is provided in the casing wall and extends substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said screw. The screw has a core and at least one screw blade extending around the core and having a predetermined pitch for feeding the material from said inlet end to the elongate aperture. The core and said casing wall define therebetween a space having an annular cross section area successively decreasing in the direction of feed of the screw.

Abstract: The outer walls of the beams of a papermachine headbox are heated by means of heat transferred from the stock to a temperature equal to that of the inner walls in contact with the stock. This is preferably carried out so that the liquid which is circulated in a closed liquid circulation through liquid spaces adjoining the outer walls, is caused to be in indirect heat transfer contact with the stock.

Abstract: The headbox contains a nozzle channel merging at a distributor device for the fiber stock suspension. The nozzle channel contains two lip members bounding a slice opening for forming a substantially flat stock jet. At least one of these lip members is subdivided into at least two lip portions which extend over longitudinal sections of the nozzle channel which are located behind one another in the flow direction of the fiber stock suspension and which are adjustably connected with one another and can be fixed in their adjusted position. At least one of these lip portions is adjustable relative to the distributor device and the neighboring lip portion of the same lip member essentially transversely to the stock flow direction towards and away from the oppositely located lip member, in order to change the pattern or course of the cross-sectional area of the nozzle channel. This enables accommodation of the geometry of the nozzle channel to different products and production requirements.

Abstract: Perforated sheet for a head box of a paper machine, the perforated sheet being provided with a number of parallel flow passages starting from a common front face. The perforated sheet is provided with a set of feeding ducts which can be connected to a source of flushing liquid and which is connected, by means of flushing ducts, to the front face of the perforated sheet. The perforated sheet preferably consists of several rod elements, each of which is provided with a flow passage and which have been assembled as parallel to each other, side by side and one above the other, into an integrated package.

Abstract: A paper stock diffuser system employing a plurality of spaced, generally V-shaped projections having adjoining shear surfaces diverging away from one another.

Abstract: A flow box for a paper making machine comprises an explosion chamber fed with stock from two rows of pipes entering the top wall thereof, a first deflector within the explosion chamber extends across the axial direction of a first row of pipes and a second deflector below the first deflector extends across at least the axial direction of the second row of pipes, a surface of the first deflector forming a divergent passage with the top wall of the chamber in the direction of the second row of pipes and the first and second deflectors together forming a convergent flow passage through which stock flows before entering the slice chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for the production of reconstituted tobacco foil comprises a uble sheet former with two movable endless screens in a y-shaped arrangement. A wedge-shaped box fills most of the space where the screens approach one another and with its upper side forms a reservoir for the aqueous suspension, from which the foil is precipitated.

Abstract: A headbox for a paper machine includes a distributor beam part communicating with a distribution part and a turbulence part followed by a slice part. The turbulence part is constituted by a turbulence generator member in which a plurality of flow bores are formed, the outlet mouths of the flow bores opening into flow slots formed in the turbulence generator and wherein a central plane of each flow slot forms an angle with the axes of the flow bores, the magnitude of the angle being in the range of about 5.degree. to 45.degree.. The headbox may also include an equalizing chamber in which a pulp suspension is adapted to flow in an upwardly slanted flow direction and in this case the axes of the flow bores form a declining angle with the flow direction in the equalizing chamber, which declining angle is in the range of about 5.degree. to 15.degree..