Abstract: The present invention refers to an under felt inclined flat former for making multilayer or monolayer sheets of paper comprising a plurality of forming units arranged along a production line. Each of the forming units is supported on corresponding rigid supports and is provided with a rolls system on which the forming unit rests when the support are removed, in such a manner that the selected forming unit can be removed from the production line for cleaning or maintenance purposes, without interrupting the operation of the former equipment.

Abstract: An industrial conveying fabric having a laminated multilayer construction. The laminated fabric includes a first fabric having a tubular configuration that is flattened and a second open flat fabric disposed within the first tubular fabric. The opposed ends of the second fabric project through the first fabric and are joined together to seam the laminated fabric. Preferably, the laminated fabric is used as a base fabric for a papermakers wet press felt and has fibrous batting material needled thereto.

Abstract: An under felt inclined flat former for making multilayer or monolayer sheets of paper comprising a plurality of forming units arranged along a production line. Each of the forming units is supported on corresponding rigid supports and is provided with a roller system on which the forming unit or a portion thereof rests which when the supports are removed, the selected forming unit or portion thereof can be removed from the production line for cleaning or maintenance purposes, without interrupting the operation of the former equipment. Each forming unit including means to create activity in the stock in addition to causing liquid to be drained therefrom for sheet formation.

Abstract: An all synthetic corrugator belt seam for joining corrugator belt sections constructed of a multi-layer fabric wherein each of the ends of the fabric is separated by removing intermediate CMD and MD yarns to form separated upper and lower fabric end portions and securing a seam tape between the separated layers at each end of the belting. The seam tape is sandwiched between the separated layers and completely enclosed therein when the layers and seam tape are secured together so that interruption of the otherwise continuous belting is minimized.

Abstract: A seam construction for a papermakers fabric wherein mating seam components are molded onto opposite ends of the fabric. The seam is assembled by matingly engaging the seam components molded onto the respective fabric ends. Preferably, the seam components are male and female and become positively locked when the seam ends are joined together.

Abstract: A papermaking belt comprising a reinforcing structure and a framework. The reinforcing structure has air permeability not less than 800 cfm and a Fiber Support Index not less than 75. The framework is joined to the reinforcing structure and extends outwardly not more than about 6.5 mils from the reinforcing structure. The framework has deflection conduits dispersed throughout, encompassed by, and isolated one from another by the framework. A paper-contacting surface of the framework comprises a paper-side network which encompasses paper-side openings of the deflection conduits. A substantial portion of each paper-side opening is not less than about 45 mils in each of its dimensions measured in the X-Y plane. A paper web having two regions: an essentially continuous and macroscopically monoplanar network region, and a dome region comprising a plurality of discrete domes encompassed by the network region. The domes are distributed in a non-random, repeating pattern.

Abstract: In a method for forming a sheet from a fiber-water suspension, the fiber-water suspension is supplied on a traveling bottom wire at a first zone thereof to dewater the fiber-water suspension. Subsequently, the suspension is introduced between the bottom wire at a second zone and a top wire, and dewatering is effected. The sheet is further caused to travel around a sheet-forming roll while keeping the sheet in contact therewith by the bottom wire at a third zone thereof, and reformation of the sheet is carried out. Finally, the sheet on the bottom wire is caused to travel up to a fourth zone thereof to effect a further dewatering with a fourth dewatering device disposed adjacent to the bottom wire at the fourth zone thereof, whereby a final stage of sheet formation is carried out. An apparatus for carrying out the above method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A backside textured papermaking belt is disclosed which is comprised of a framework and a reinforcing structure. The framework has a first surface which defines the paper-contacting side of the belt, a second surface opposite the first surface, and conduits which extend between first and second surfaces of the belt. The first surface of the framework has a paper side network formed therein which defines the conduits. The second surface of the framework has a backside network with passageways that provide surface texture irregularities in the backside network. The papermaking belt is made by applying a coating of photosensitive resinous material to a reinforcing structure which has opaque portions, and then exposing the photosensitive resinous material to light of an activating wavelength through a mask which has transparent and opaque regions and also through the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A paper machine dryer fabric includes hollow thermoplastic monofilaments to replace at least a portion of the wefts, also known as cross-machine direction strands. Fabrics including such monofilaments may be either a woven fabric, or a spiral fabric. The deformable nature of the hollow monofilaments decreaes the air permeability of the fabric, and in the case of spiral fabrics, improves monofilaments retention within the helical coils between the hinge yarns. The hollow monofilaments have a solidity in the range of from about 60% to about 75%. A suitable thermoplastic is polyethylene terephthalate. Hollow monofilaments do not have the disadvantages of other deformable yarns, such as spun yarns, multifilament yarns or plied monofilament yarns, each of which tend to hold and entrap within their structure both water and foreign matter.

Abstract: A backside textured papermaking belt is disclosed which is comprised of a framework and a reinforcing structure. The framework has a first surface which defines the paper-contacting side of the belt, a second surface opposite the first surface, and conduits which extend between first and second surfaces of the belt. The first surface of the framework has a paper side network formed therein which defines the conduits. The second surface of the framework has a backside network with passageways that provide surface texture irregularities in the backside network. The papermaking belt is made by applying a coating of photosensitive resinous material to a reinforcing structure which has opaque portions, and then exposing the photosensitive resinous material to light of an activating wavelength through a mask which has transparent and opaque regions and also through the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A backside textured papermaking belt is disclosed which is comprised of a framework and a reinforcing structure. The framework has a first surface which defines the paper-contacting side of the belt, a second surface opposite the first surface, and conduits which extend between first and second surfaces of the belt. The first surface of the framework has a paper side network formed therein which defines the conduits. The second surface of the framework has a backside network with passageways that provide surface texture irregularities in the backside network. The papermaking belt is made by applying a coating of photosensitive resinous material to a reinforcing structure which has opaque portions, and then exposing the photosensitive resinous material to light of an activating wavelength through a mask which has transparent and opaque regions and also through the reinforcing structure.

Abstract: A dryer fabric for use with a dryer section of a paper forming machine wherein a plurality of transversely extending pintles interconnect a plurality of transversely extending coils to form the dryer fabric as a continuous loop. The dryer fabric is stabilized and its edge portions are protected from wear by a U.V. silicone rubber which encapsulates end portions of the pintles and coils and forms a bead along outer surfaces of the dryer fabric. The dryer fabric is capable of operating at temperatures of between 350.degree. to 500.degree. F. in a paper forming machine without accelerated degradation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a single lamina tissue paper having visually discernible, large scale patterns made during the drying step of the papermaking process. Particularly, the tissue is made on a blow through drying belt having a pattern of alternating knuckles and deflection conduits. This pattern produces a like pattern of regions in the paper having alternating values of crepe frequencies, opacities and elevations. The differences in these values produces a visually discernible pattern.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a multi-layer papermaking fabric, preferably a forming fabric having superior stability characteristics along with uniform drainage characteristics. The fabric is formed with a single system of warp yarns evenly distributed over its width and interwoven with weft yarns arranged in a multi-layer stacked pattern. The weft yarns are arranged to consist of support surface layer weft yarns, running layer weft yarns and intermediate layer weft yarns.

Abstract: In a woven fabric fourdrinier forming belt (1) for a cellulose drying machine, the majority of the longitudinal wires in the weave are made from polyamide. To achieve that the finished belt has an elongation of at most 5% from loose, dry belt to tensioned wet belt, the longitudinal threads are made from a polyamide where the radio between the number of methylene groups and amide groups has a quotient of at least 7. The belt is round woven to a weaving pattern where the longitudinal threads (2) extend in two or more layers. In addition, the belt is stabilized by heating, pressing and stretching such as to obtain a ratio between knuckle height, measured on the inside of the threads, and total belt thickness has a quotient of at most 0.15 for all longitudinal threads (2).The belt has good wear resistance and low extensibility, and is suitable for cellulose driers having limited streteching potential for the belt.

Abstract: In a Fourdrinier paper making system where all of the water from the stock slurry is removed in one direction downwardly through the paper web, a sheet forming unit, including two spaced dandy rolls with a pocket roll inbetween, is added to press a secondary fabric downwardly on the top surface of the paper web. The pocket roll cooperates with a suction box below the paper web to remove water while the web passes over a low vacuum section and then over a high vacuum section and then over a low vacuum section of the suction box. This treatment produces a better internal bond between the fibers in the paper web and also produces better surface properties.

Abstract: An extendable and heat shrinkable polyamide monofilament which has an extension of 6% or more to a loading variation in the range of 1.25 g/d-1.75 g/d and a heat shrinkage factor of 7% or more on immersing said monofilament into boiling water. The recited polyamide monofilament is woven into a wear-resistant fabric such as a papermaking fabric.

Abstract: A backside textured papermaking belt is disclosed which is comprised of a framework and a reinforcing structure. The framework has a first surface which defines the paper-contacting side of the belt, a second surface opposite the first surface, and conduits which extend between first and second surfaces of the belt. The first surface of the framework has a paper side network formed therein which defines the conduits. The second surface of the framework has a backside network with passageways that provide surface texture irregularities in the backside network.

Abstract: A backside textured papermaking belt is disclosed which is comprised of a framework and a reinforcing structure. The framework has a first surface which defines the paper-contacting side of the belt, a second surface opposite the first surface, and conduits which extend between first and second surfaces of the belt. The first surface of the framework has a paper side network formed therein which defines the conduits. The second surface of the framework has a backside network with passageways that provide surface texture irregularities in the backside network. The papermaking belt is made by casting a photosensitive resinous material over and through the reinforcing structure while the reinforcing structure travels over a textured surface, and then exposing the photosensitive resinous material to light of an activating wavelength through a mask which has transparent and opaque regions.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel woven multiplex forming fabric defining pockets in one surface thereof into which cellulosic fibers in an aqueous medium are flowed under conditions of flow and rate of water removal that establish high shear fluid flow and result in the orientation of fibers and/or fiber segments at an angle with respect to the plane of the forming fabric and their capture in the pockets and in the areas of the fabric adjacent the pockets.

Abstract: A multi-layer paper machine fabric having a preselected permeability value and an increased weft wise stiffness including a single system of warp threads and multiple layers of weft threads including at least support surface weft threads, intermediate layer weft threads and lower surface weft threads interwoven with the warp threads. The surface layer weft threads are arranged to have at least a first thickness and the intermediate layer and lower surface weft threads are arranged to have a second and equal thickness greater than the first thickness of the surface layer weft threads. The second thickness is selected relative to the first thickness to achieve the preselected permeability value and the preselected weft wise stiffness value of the paper machine fabric. Alternate ones of the support layer weft threads are arranged in vertically stacked rows with the intermediate and lower layer weft threads and intermediate ones of the support layer weft threads are arranged between the vertical rows.

Abstract: This invention is directed to coating press fabrics to achieve a controlled void volume. More particularly, this invention is directed to a method of modifying a press fabric for a papermaking machine which comprises the steps of:(a) applying a thin layer of a polymeric foam to the surface of a press fabric;(b) drying said foam to form a coated press fabric;(c) repeating steps (a) and (b); and(d) curing said coated press fabric.

Abstract: A dryer felt comprising a plurality of spiral coils disposed in a common plane and arranged in a side-by-side relationship with adjacent coils being intermeshed and joined together in a hinged relationship by a hinge yarn. Stuffers are positioned within selected coils for predetermined distances to provide a fabric having a predetermined permeability profile across the width and along the length of the fabric.

Abstract: Poly(2-methyl-1,5-pentylene) terephthalamide is discussed herein. It is manufactured in a process starting with a nylon salt made from terephthalic acid and 2-methyl-1,5-pentylene diamine and an excess amount of the diamine. The polymer is spun to form monofilaments. The monofilaments may be used, among other things, to form dryer screens for use in a paper forming process.

Abstract: A backside textured papermaking belt is disclosed which is comprised of a framework and a reinforcing structure. The framework has a first surface which defines the paper-contacting side of the belt, a second surface opposite the first surface, and conduits which extend between first and second surfaces of the belt. The first surface of the framework has a paper side network formed therein which defines the conduits. The second surface of the framework has a backside network with passageways that provide surface texture irregularities in the backside network. The papermaking belt is made by casting a photosensitive resinous material over and through the reinforcing structure while the reinforcing structure travels over a textured surface, and then exposing the photosensitive resinous material to light of an activating wavelength through a mask which has transparent and opaque regions.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved forming fabric for papermaking machines having a transverse nonwoven sheet contact layer adhered to a base fabric layer, the fluid flow passageways between adjacent structural members in the nonwoven sheet contact layer being smaller than the fluid flow passageways in the adjacent base fabric layer and in fluid communication with the nonwoven sheet contact surface or the nonwoven surface adjacent to the base fabric or both. The sheet contact layer may be comprised of fibers, filaments, monofilaments, open cell foam or the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double layered paper making forming fabric with a coarse structured running side and a fine structured paper side comprising a longitudinal thread set (yarns in machine direction) and at least two transverse thread sets (yarns in cross-machine direction), which are interwoven in an at least six shaft pattern repeat, so that a transverse thread set forms on the running side a preceding plane of wear and the remaining transverse threads or transverse thread sets are arranged on the paper side or paper making surface and may differ from each other with respect to the diameter material and/or length of the floatings. For modern, quick and efficient but also more sensitive printing processes papers of the highest qualities are required. An optimization of the above called quality features has however not been achieved as yet with double layered forming fabrics.

Abstract: A self-cleaning vacuum filter (1), particularly for industrial lubricating and cooling liquids, has a filter bed (3) which is housed in a tank (2) for the liquid to be filtered and communicates at the bottom with an intake chamber (5) for the liquid. The filter bed includes a screen (4) and an endless loop for regenerable filter fabric (17) whose surface (17c) on which the filtered material is deposited always faces outwardly of the loop.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing paper board includes a hybrid papermakers fabric which facilitates both the formation of an aqueous paper board web and the dewatering of the formed web through at least one press nip. The papermakers fabric includes a woven, single-layer base fabric having a seam with a layer of fibrous batt material needled to at least one side.Each end of the base fabric has vertically oriented loops formed from the machine direction yarns of the base fabric. The base fabric seam is defined by intermeshing the respective end loops together and inserting a joining wire or pintle through the intermeshed loops. The caliper of the body of the single-layer base fabric is inherently slightly less than the caliper of the seam. In order to reduce the effect of the seam area on the paper board manufacturing process, the end loops of the base fabric may be elongated and may contain stuffer yarns.

Abstract: This invention consists of a pintle for use in closing the pin seam of an on-machine-seamed (OMS) press fabric. The pintle takes the form of a braided, knitted, or ply-twisted yarn whose components are monofilaments of various and/or varying diameter. It has an essentially circular cross section for ease of installation, but will flatten in use to an oblate shape closely conforming to that of the void shape formed by the loops at the end of the press fabric and leaving little or no gap when the seam is closed and under tension. Its porous structure allows the passage of water. In this way, the completed seam will more closely resemble the main body of the press fabric.

Abstract: A high speed stock thickener has a foraminous endless wire. The stock thickener is of the type in which an open mesh endless wire is trained over a pair of rolls and paper stock to be thickened is applied between the wire and the rolls and is carried on an inside surface of the wire for dewatering, particularly at the regions where the stock is carried between the wire and a roll. The improved wire is formed with a width greater than that of the rolls with a marginal edge of the wire extending beyond the face of the rolls. A guide belt is attached at each of the marginal edges of the wire and runs with a side wall in engagement with the end of the adjacent roll. The guide belts are attached to the wire by an adhesive bond between the backs of the belts and the adjacent wire surfaces, and by a continous thread which is sewn through each belt from the bottom of the belt and through the back thereof and into the wire.

Abstract: An improved forming fabric for papermaking has discrete projections on the sheet forming side to improve fines retention and on the machine contact side, for improved resistance to wear.

Abstract: A dress fabric comprising a plurality of layers of machine direction and cross-machine direction yarns, respectively, the yarns for each layer oriented in parallel with respect to each other and perpendicular with respect to the yarns of immediately adjacent layers, the yarns of one layer not binding the yarns of adjacent layers, and separate binder yarns for binding said layers. The fabric defines two machine direction oriented edges and two cross-machine direction oriented edges, whereby at each cross-machine direction oriented edge certain machine direction yarns extend from one layer a distance sufficient to form a loop and then return to the same cross-machine direction oriented edge into another layer of machine direction yarns.

Abstract: A pin seam construction in which cross direction yarns in the area proximal the seam have a cross sectional size greater than the size of the cross direction yarns appearing in the body of the fabric to provide a weave portion of greater thickness proximal the pin seam to protect the seam in use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cloth for a paper machine, comprising a fabric formed of threads of a synthetic material. In the cloth, reinforcements extending substantially longitudinally of the cloth are positioned at predetermined points. The reinforcements are formed be feeding molten plastic material in a narrow stripe on to the surface of the cloth. In order to improve the wear properties of the wire, the directions of the stripes forming the reinforcement are arranged to deviate locally from the longitudinal direction of the cloth.

Abstract: A papermakers fabric in which a plurality of load control yarns are provided within the interior of the fabric. The load control yarns are not crimped during fabric manufacture, pass through the fabric in the machine direction, and are made from yarns containing Kevlar or similar low stretch, high strength type yarns and protected from abrasion, heat, and hydrolysis.

Abstract: A spiral seam construction for lower caliper, multi-layer papermaking fabrics. The spiral seam members have a plurality of headcurves which are interconnected by a plurality of winding legs. Each of the winding legs has a cross-section in which the vertical dimension is less than the horizontal dimension, whereby it is possible to use a larger seaming pintle without an associated increase in seam caliper. The winding legs determine the maximum caliper of the seam, and the seam does not exceed the final fabric caliper.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a dryer fabric belt used in the dryer section of a papermaking machine. The dryer fabric belt is subjected to tension forces in a machine direction by a stretch roll over which the belt travels, and is substantially free from tension forces in the cross-machine direction. The dryer fabric belt includes a plurality of hinge yarns, each extending in the machine direction continuously throughout the length of the dryer fabric. A plurality of spring coils are disposed in a common plane in a side by side relationship. Each of the coils extends in the machine direction. Adjacent coils of the spring coils are intermeshed and held together in intermeshing relationship by at least one of the hinge yarns.

Abstract: A tessellated papermakers fabric and elements for making the fabric are disclosed. The elements are formed so as to have male or projection members which interlock with female or recess members. In alternative embodiments, interlocking elements which further utilize pintles for reinforcement of the connection are disclosed. The elements may be molded, extruded, dye stamped or laminated. The desired permeability is provided by forming apertures in the elements and can provide for air and moisture permeability characteristics which vary throughout the fabric. In addition, tessellated fabrics according to the instant invention may be subsequently processed to produce surface or embossing characteristics.

Abstract: A conveyor belt such as a paper-making fabric, said belt being made of spirals (2, 3) assembled together by rods (5) or by imbrication. With a view to reducing the permeability or to changing the surface condition, it has a generally flat member (7) which is inserted inside the spirals (2, 3) so as to completely or partially fill the spaces between or inside the spirals.

Abstract: A papermaking machine having a forming wire, a headbox and a forming board is disclosed. The headbox includes a lower slice having an apron positioned substantially in alignment with and closely adjacent the forming board such that as the forming wire travels over the the forming board the jet of paper stock leaving the headbox is laid onto the wire at the board at substantially zero angle of impingement. The forming board further includes a lead-in blade over which the wire travels. The blade acts to deflect fluid, normally pumped by the wire along its path of travel, away from the underside to the jet of paper stock prior to this jet reaching the forming board.

Abstract: Papermachine clothing is described, made up of synthetic, polymeric resin fibers which include porous fibers and filaments.

Abstract: A joinable paper machine felt assembly includes a plurality of spaced first and second cross-threads, the cross-threads being longitudinally spaced and each first cross-thread being laterally spaced from a second cross-thread for thereby defining a plurality of cross-thread pairs. An end two of the cross-thread pairs define first and second fabric ends. A plurality of first and second alternatingly disposed and directly adjacently positioned lengthwise threads bind the cross-threads into a fabric. Each first lengthwise thread forms a first loop extending over the threads of the cross-thread pair at one of the fabric ends and immediately thereafter each first lengthwise thread extends back into the fabric and alternatingly first crossing between and then passing over the associated cross-threads of the cross-thread pairs.

Abstract: A technique of forming a seam in a woven multilayer papermaking fabric provides a machine side join for the ends of each machine direction filament with a machine side knuckle formed in such machine direction filament and spaced from the closest exit point of the machine direction filament tails from the fabric by not less than one nor more than three intervening cross machine filaments, with the weave crossings in both the machine direction and cross machine direction in the join being substantially the same as the weave crossings in the body of the fabric.

Abstract: A papermachine fabric for the production of tissue paper or porous batts has a two layer fabric comprised of a fine upper fabric layer and a coarser lower fabric layer. Both fabric layers have a large open area. The two fabric layers are firmly interconnected so that the upper fabric layer exhibits depressions at the sites of interweaving which are distributed in the manner of a pattern. The papermachine fabric is especially suited as an embossing fabric for after drying the paper web coming from a sheet forming fabric or as a second sheet former of a twin wire former.

Abstract: Forming fabrics are made in multilayer construction, with a hydrophobic top layer and a hydrophilic base layer or layers. The fabric is advantageous in a forming wire, obviating rewet in a forming paper sheet.

Abstract: In order to avoid marking by the supporting surfaces in an endless belt for paper machines or the like with a number of helices consisting of opposing winding legs and headcurves joining these flanks together and into whose intermediary spaces the headcurves of the neighboring helix are forced to a degree that there develops between the two helices a range of overlapping into which a rod is inserted and in order to create the possibility for regulating the flow of air through the wire belt, at least the paper web-supporting winding legs of the helices are glued with a layer of fiber segments. Additionally, in such an endless belt permeability may be controlled by providing fiber segments on the winding legs and/or on the side areas adjacent the loop flanks.

Abstract: A system for forming a web from a dilute, aqueous slurry of fibers wherein a thin, horizontally-extending aqueous stream of fibers is projected onto a travelling foraminous forming wire. The forming wire is disposed to travel over a forming board which has a leading lip which is deflected downwardly with respect to the oncoming jet stream. The lower surface of the jet stream is disposed substantially parallel with the surface of the travelling foraminous wire wire at the point where the stream contacts the wire to minimize turbulence at the point of initial contact of the jet stream on the wire and subsequent spouting of the fibrous stock downstream in the forming zone.

Abstract: A conveyor belt such as a paper-making fabric, said belt being made of spirals (2, 3) assembled together by rods (5) or by imbrication. With a view to reducing the permeability or to changing the surface condition, it has a generally flat member (7) which is inserted inside the spirals (2, 3) so as to completely or partially fill the spaces between or inside the spirals.

Abstract: A dryer fabric for the dryer section of a paper forming machine consisting of a plurality of coils arranged side by side in parallel rows and connected at opposite ends by hinge pins to form a continuous belt. The coils are formed from a synthetic monofilament consisting of polyphenylene sulphide and fluorocarbon.