Abstract: A temperature-control apparatus for a printing machine includes a closed, temperature-control fluid circuit including a pump with a suction and pressure side, a fluid feed line feeding temperature-control fluid from a fluid source to the suction side of the pump and a fluid return line on the suction side of the pump between the pump and the load. Temperature-control fluid from the source may be pumped by the pump through the circuit to the load and recycled to the suction side of the pump. A valve is provided in the return line to the source and is controlled by a temperature sensor that senses the temperature in the circuit and selectively directs fluid to the circuit or out of the circuit and back to the source dependent upon the sensed temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the treatment of waste solids that allows for the direct transfer of heat between hot waste solids and cold waste solids in a tube-in-tube heat exchanger. Cold solid waste is moved from a cold solid waste source through one tube of the heat exchanger, and hot solid waste is move from a hot solid waste source through the other tube of the tube-in-tube heat exchanger, and heat is transferred from the hot solid waste to the cold solid waste. The waste treatment, including the heat exchange, can occur in a batch mode or in a continuous mode.

Abstract: A device for simultaneous application of a plurality of adhesive spot s to a substrate, having a metering apparatus for conveying a predetermined volume of adhesive to a plurality of applicator nozzles for the application of respectively one adhesive spot to the substrate. A distribution apparatus distributes the volume of adhesive conveyed by the metering, device to the applicator nozzles. A warming medium is heated in a warning apparatus for heating the adhesive to a temperature desired for manipulation. The metering apparatus and the distribution apparatus are connected with each other by a conveying line containing an adhesive conduit. Feed lines with adhesive conduits lead from the distribution apparatus to the applicator nozzles, wherein a closed loop of the warming medium is formed, starting at the warming apparatus, and routed via the distribution apparatus and the feed lines to the applicator nozzles, and is returned via the feed lines and the distribution apparatus to the warming apparatus.

Abstract: In a device for and method of storing and discharging a viscous liquid at least one mixing chamber is formed in a storage chamber and communicates with said storage chamber for introducing the viscous liquid from said storage chamber in the mixing chamber; for withdrawing one portion of the viscous liquid only from the mixing chamber, heating the withdrawn one portion of the viscous liquid and reducing its viscosity and returning a part of the one portion of the withdrawn heated viscous liquid with reduced viscosity into the mixing chamber so as to mix it with the viscous liquid introduced from said storage chamber into the mixing chamber and to reduce viscosity of the viscous liquid in the mixing chamber; a second circuit is used for withdrawing another portion of the viscous liquid only from mixing chamber, heating the withdrawn other portion of the viscous liquid and reducing its viscosity, and returning a part of the withdrawn heated other portion of viscous liquid with reduced viscosity to the mixing cha

Abstract: A waste heat auxiliary tank system is provided for transferring heat from the coolant of an internal combustion engine to process water contained in an auxiliary water storage tank. The waste heat auxiliary tank system operates by drawing coolant from the engine of a truck, diverting the coolant through a common heat exchanger of the type employing coils, tubes or the like, and pumping process water through the heat exchanger, where heat is transferred from the coolant to the process water, to an auxiliary water storage tank for storing the hot process water on the truck. Importantly, the waste heat auxiliary tank system includes at least one automatically activated multiport thermostatically controlled diverter valve. The diverter valve includes an inlet port for receiving coolant from the engine, a first outlet port for diverting coolant directly back to the engine, and a second outlet port for diverting coolant to the coolant inlet of said heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a VAV (variable air volume) air conditioning system which is capable of varying the supply air volume to a space based upon discharge temperature while simultaneously maintaining constant ventilation. The thermal dynamic balancing system of the present invention includes a bypass air box and an outside air ventilation box, each having adjustable dampers, which are controlled, in concert with one another, to provide a system which constantly dehumidifies the air in the conditioned space while simultaneously maintaining the discharge air temperature and degree of ventilation at constant values.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out a physical and/or chemical process, such as a heat exchanger, including a reservoir in which a series of riser pipes (2) are arranged. Disposed in the reservoir (1) is a fluidized bed of granular material. The apparatus includes means for circulating the particles of the fluidized bed through the riser pipes (2), which means include a downcomer (15) arranged outside the reservoir (1), this downcomer being closed off at the bottom end by an inclined closing plate (16). Above the closing plate (16), via a bypass line (17), a part of the medium to be treated is fed to the particle bed resting on the plate (16).

Abstract: Installation for the sterilization of a body of water wherein the water is conveyed through a heat exchanger to a heat source, where it is heated up to the sterilization temperature. This stream of hot water transfers its heat to the incoming stream of water, leaving the heat exchanger at a temperature that is only slightly higher than that of the incoming water.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method, an apparatus, and a system for the treatment of waste. The method includes the steps of providing a cold waste solids tank that has a cold solids batch therein. The cold solids batch is transferred, after being warmed, from the cold waste solids tank to a thermal conditioning tank for thermal conditioning. A hot waste solids tank remote from the cold waste solids tank is also provided. The cold waste solids tank is filled with a new cold solids batch. The new cold solids batch is pumped from the cold waste solids tank through a heat exchanger, the partially cooled hot waste solids batch is simultaneously pumped from the hot waste solids tank through the heat exchanger. Heat is transferred from the partially cooled hot waste solids batch to the new cold solids batch in the heat exchanger to obtain a pre-warmed solids batch and to obtain a cooled solids batch. The cooled solids batch is discharged from the hot waste solids tank.

Abstract: Heat exchanger consisting of a reservoir with upwardly directed tubes through which flow a liquid to be heated and fluidized bed particles for internally cleaning the tubes. Connected to the reservoir is an external downcomer (5) for collecting fluidized bed particles coming from the top box of the reservoir and to be transported back to the bottom box (7) of the reservoir. The connecting line (4, 2, 1, 3, 6) between downcomer (5) and bottom box (7) is designed as two sections (2, 3) with an expansion bellows (1) arranged between them. The bottom section (3) is connected via two or more connecting stubs (6A, 6B) with the bottom box (7) for the uniform distribution of the flow of fluidized bed particles.

Abstract: A device for storing and discharging a viscous liquid has a unit forming a storage chamber for storing a viscous liquid, a unit forming at least one mixing chamber which communicates with the storage chamber, and a unit for heating the viscous liquid in the mixing chamber so as to reduce viscosity of the liquid in the mixing chamber and permit a withdrawal of the liquid from the mixing chamber, while the liquid in the storage chamber is heated because of the communication of the storage chamber with the mixing chamber and flow from the storage chamber into the mixing chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for the controlled cooling of chemical tanks containing a chemical which must be kept at a first prescribed temperature includes at least one heat-exchanger coil immersed inside a chemical tank and through which there is made to circulate a flow of an inert gas. The apparatus includes a storage system for storing and cooling a prescribed volume of inert gas at a second prescribed temperature lower than the first prescribed temperature, feeding means for feeding the storage means with inert gas coming from a main supply line, and valve means interposed between the storage means and an inlet of the at least one heat-exchanger coil for controlling the supply of cooled inert gas to the heat-changer coil.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprising an elongate tank with top, bottom, side, front and rear walls. A plurality of longitudinally spaced partitions are positioned within the tank and define an elongate serpentine or zig-zag liquid conducting flow passage with upstream and downstream ends. An elongate serpentine or zig-zag formed fluid coolant conducting coil is positioned centrally within and extends longitudinally of the flow passage. The coil has an upstream end portion exiting the tank at the downstream end of the flow passage and a downstream end portion exiting the tank at the upstream end of the flow passage. Liquid inlet and outlet fittings connected with a valve-controlled fluid supply and dispensing means conduct liquid into and out of the flow passage.

Abstract: A cooling system for an electronic device includes a circulatory system having a pump with an inlet and an outlet for circulating a coolant in the circulatory system, a heat exchanger for cooling the coolant, a cooling module for cooling the electronic device by the coolant and a tank for reserving the coolant which is connected to the circulatory system via inflow and outflow bypass channels. The inflow bypass channel is connected to the circulatory system at a first connection node between the pump outlet and the cooling module. The outflow bypass channel is connected to the circulatory system at a second connection node between the cooling module and the pump inlet.

Abstract: A freeze-thawing tank assembly includes an upright vessel having a hollow defined therein for accommodating therein a quantity of fluid medium to be treated. The vessel is closed at an upper end by a lid and at a lower end by a normally closed discharge valve. A plurality of double-walled structures are accommodated within the hollow of the vessel in equally spaced and parallel relation with each other. Each of the double-walled structures has a fluid passage defined therein for the flow of a heat-exchanging fluid medium and also has a fluid inlet and outlet communicated with the fluid passage. The fluid medium to be treated may be alternately frozen and thawed by passing the heat-exchanging medium through the fluid passages in the double-walled structures.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating or cooling solid suspension slurry. The apparatus comprises a vessel (1) for containing the slurry and a draft means contained within a draft section of a draft tube (2) to circulate and maintain the suspension. Extending substantially the length of cylindrical section (26) of the draft tube below the draft means are plate heat exchangers (7, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29) connected in series. The plate heat exchangers may be recessed into the wall of the draft tube so as not to increase the pressure drop through the draft tube or may be arranged in pairs along the axis of the draft tube so that the proportion of the cross-sectional area of the draft tube occupied by the heat exchangers is minimized.

Abstract: An auto switching swimming pool/spa heater system, to be utilized with a pool and a spa, including a pool pump, a spa pump, and a single heater unit, the heater unit adapted to receive water flow from the pool pump and spa pump into an internal pool/spa flow control apparatus which directs water received from both the pool pump and the spa pump through a coiled heat exchange conduit of the heater unit, for subsequent heating thereof. The flow control apparatus including a bypass conduit with a spring loaded flow regulator valve therein adapted to enable water to bypass the heat exchange conduit upon an increase pressure build up of water directed towards the heat exchange conduit, water exiting the bypass conduit and water exiting the heat exchange conduit being directed through a single water outlet of the heater unit into the spa where heated water overflow passes from the spa into the pool, accordingly heating the pool.

Abstract: A vortex heat exchanger device for the heat transfer between fluids of different temperatures that flow through the device. The vortex heat exchanger comprises a plurality of tubes each of a different diametric and each disposed concentrically relative to one another to define a plurality of channels. Fluid is tangentially introduced into the channels through at least two inlets, and fluid is tangentially emitted from the channels through at least two outlets. The tangential arrangement of the inlets and the outlets allow the fluids to flow through the annular channels in a vortex pattern.

Abstract: A vessel-type fluid cooling system includes an upper mixing chamber and a lower holding chamber, the chambers being separated by a transverse separating wall. One or more cooling tubes extend between the mixing chamber and the holding chamber, and cooling elements, such as fluid-cooled tubes, are located within each cooling tube. A heated fluid inlet provides heated fluid to the mixing chamber, and a cooled fluid outlet discharges cooled fluid from the holding chamber. Each cooling tube includes one or more inlets toward its upper end, and fluid is supplied from the mixing through the inlets to passages defined by the cooling tubes for cooling the fluid as the fluid flows downwardly through the cooling tubes. The cooled fluid is discharged into the holding chamber.

Abstract: A device for heating chemical tanks includes at least one heat exchanger coil immersed inside a chemical tank. An inert gas, such as nitrogen, is heated and made to flow through the coil to heat a solution in the chemical tank to the desired temperature, which is sensed by a sensor. If microfractures form in the heat exchanger coil, the inert gas simply bubbles out of the solution and does not adversely impact the purity of the solution. In addition, the bubbling of the gas indicates the presence of a microfracture. A second heating coil is provided, and also provides heated inert fluid for heating the solution in the tank. The fluid flow through the first coil is controlled linearly to maintain the temperature at the desired temperature. The fluid flow through the second coil is controlled impulsively to quickly return the solution to the desired temperature after a temperature transient occurs, such as after a relatively cool object is immersed into the solution.

Abstract: The bath (4) is arranged the supply reservoir (5) for the liquid (3), in which the reaction flask to be heated or cooled can be immersed. The heating or cooling device (8) is arranged on the bottom of the supply reservoir (5). The liquid (3) is delivered with an immersion pump (19) through a feed pipe (6) and an opening (18) in the bottom of the bath (4). The level of the liquid in the bath (4) can be adjusted with the aid of a slider (11). The liquid flows back into the supply reservoir (5) over an overflow (7). When the pump (19) is switched off, the liquid (3) in the bath (4) flows independently back into the supply reservoir (5).

Abstract: A thermosiphon reboiler heat exchanger which integrates multiple parallel reboilers into a single unit and a heating method are disclosed. The present heat exchanger utilizes a compartmentalized shell for vaporizing a tube-side liquid with a plurality of hot shell-side fluids. The present apparatus is particularly useful for a fractionation system in a phenol manufacture process.

Abstract: Circuit packs to be tested are loaded into first and second test chambers commonly served by a hot liquid reservoir and by a cold liquid reservoir of which both are coupled to both chambers by a liquid handling system containing valves controlled by program determined signals from a controller unit to direct liquid flows as desired between the chambers and reservoirs. During liquid contact periods for the chambers, liquid from the hot reservoir is intermittently pumped into each of the chambers at times different for the two chambers, and liquid from the cold reservoir is intermittently pumped into each of the chambers at times which are different for the two chambers and intervening at each chamber the times of hot liquid pumping thereto, whereby the packs in each chamber are alternately heated and chilled by such liquid so as to be thermally stressed, and the responses of the packs to such stressing are detected.

Abstract: An evaporator assembly for incorporation into an air conditioning apparatus, particularly for automobiles, comprises a main air duct (2) defining an air inlet (6) and outlet (10), means (18) to force air through the main air duct (2), a heat exchanger (12) disposed on the main air duct (2), and an air feedback duct (18) which links the main air duct (2) downstream of the heat exchanger (12) with the duct upstream thereof, whereby the proportion of the air which has passed through the heat exchanger can be recirculated, via the feedback duct (18), to pass through a heat exchanger (12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal fluid fryer which essentially contains an oil-filled cooking channel disposed within a fryer tank support frame, in which the product to be fried is conveyed through the channel on a continuous food conveyor belt. The oil is heated indirectly by at least one heat-exchanger unit disposed substantially vertically in the channel. The heat-exchanger unit has an inlet manifold and an exit manifold, wherein a thermal fluid enters the heat-exchanger unit at the inlet manifold and exits through the exit manifold. The thermal fluid is heated to a higher temperature than the surrounding oil, and imparts its thermal energy to it efficiently by means of the heat exchanger unit. In this configuration, the temperature range distribution of the fryer oil inside the fryer vat is minimized from side to side and along the length thereof.

Abstract: A boiling type cooling device for cooling power semiconductors includes an evaporator containing an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol as a cooling medium, a condenser; and a vapor and liquid return pipe. According to a first aspect, the lowest portion of the condensor is at a level higher than the top surface of the cooling medium in the evaporator, the bottom surfaces of the condensor being tilted downward toward the top end of the liquid return pipe. According to another aspect, a pump is provided in the liquid return pipe for driving cooling medium to the evaporator. According to still other aspects, the liquid return pipe is covered with a heat insulating material, or a rubber string extends centrally therewithin. A deaeration device for the aqueous solution of ethylene glycol includes two separate deaeration baths and a mixing bath.

Abstract: A drinking water warming and heating device, comprising a housing having a storage chamber inside thereof and a water circulating space set therebetween. Inside the space is a partition which divides the space into an inner and an outer water circulating space, and mounting plates connected perpendicularly on either side of the partition and extending between the housing and the chamber, the plates dividing the inner and outer water circulating spaces into vertical channels. The water circulating passage has one end connectable to the water outlet port of the engine of a motor vehicle and an opposite end connectable to the water tank of said motor vehicle permitting waste heat from engine cooling water to make heat exchange with drinking water in the water storage chamber. An electric heating element in the storage chamber is connected to the battery power supply of the motor vehicle to heat warmed-up drinking water to boil.

Abstract: An automotive heater and air conditioning system has multiple zones each supplied by a separate air flow passage serviced by a common blower and common heat exchangers. One of the passages has an adjustable air flow mechanism which bypasses some air from the passage without disturbing the air flow in other passages. A bypass port in the one passage at a point near the blower outlet is controlled by an adjustable door which is pivotally mounted in the passage at the downstream edge of the port. An induction housing receives air from the bypass port and returned it to the intake if the blower.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wort boiler apparatus comprising a wort boiler vessel and at least one separate heating circuit external of the boiler vessel and including a heat exchanger for heating or boiling the wort, the heat exchanger comprising an arrangement of heat exchanger pipes for passing the wort through the heat exchanger. The object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger adapted to be adjusted to different evaporation values as required for making different types of beer. To attain this object, the invention provides that the arrangement of heat exchanger pipes includes pipe connections and valves in an arrangement permitting the wort to be passed through the heat exchanger along flowpaths of different lengths.

Abstract: A dry-operated chimney cooling tower suitable for cooling warm water from a power station and operating with a natural draft, is provided with downstream jalousies to assist in frost protection and energy conservation. These jalousies can be capable of forming a "diving bell" like enclosure around air radiators to contain warmed air therearound.

Abstract: Heat exchanger apparatus for quenching hot hydrocarbon fluid feeds, of different compositions, so as to minimize coking including a shell, and baffle structure in the shell, defining spaced first and second chambers and primary inlet and outlet ports to flow the fluid to and from the shell via the two chambers, the shell and baffle structure also defining a third chamber between the first and second chambers, with secondary inlet and outlet ports communicating with the third chamber to flow quench fluid to and from the third chamber, and pipes of different bore sizes extending through the third chamber, and communicating between the first and second chambers, for passing the hydrocarbon fluid in a selected path or paths via the pipes and first and second chambers, in flowing between the primary inlet and outlet ports.

Abstract: A paving machine screed is heated by pumping fluid from a reservoir tank mounted on the screed to a flow restrictor so that the fluid is heated by a pressure drop across the at the flow restrictor and returned to the tank for heat transfer to the screed.

Abstract: A lamp cooling system is provided in which a liquid-cooled lamp is connected to a flow circuit conduit for cooling liquid circulating through the lamp. A liquid/air heat exchanger is positioned in the flow circuit conduit to cool liquid flowing in the flow circuit conduit by heat exchange with air.

Abstract: A gas-liquid mass transfer apparatus and method, such as for the rapid heating of a liquid stream by a heated gas stream, such as steam, or the rapid dissolving of a gas stream into a liquid stream, which apparatus comprises: a housing having an axial flow path; static or motionless mixing elements disposed in the axial flow path; and passages in the housing to provide for the direct introduction of the gas stream into and about the liquid stream in the axial flow path and substantially along the length of the static mixing elements to provide a mixed product stream.

Abstract: Air condensers are liable to suffer from undercooling which may entail frost damages and represents, in any case, thermo-dynamic losses. In order to prevent undercooling the working length (X) of the cooling surfaces of the air condensers (10) are controlled by shutters (28) which are associated with a drive mechanism (30) operated dependent on the temperature difference of condensates withdrawing from a first and a further row of tubes (18, 20) of the air condensers. By shutters (46) located in a gap (44) between the air condensers (10) the cooling air is enabled to recirculate whereby danger of frost and undesired risings of the temperature level of condensation may be avoided and impeded, respectively. A casing (68) encompassing the air condensers (10) and provided with shutters (64, 66) at its bottom and top permits starting without danger of frost likewise by means of recirculation. (FIG.

Abstract: A novel construction of a heat exchanger such as a vertical type thermosiphon reboiler having a removable tube bundle and optional removable shell is disclosed. The inlet tube sheet is matingly, engagably secured to a ledge portion which is, in turn, secured to one flange of the shell and the opposite tube sheet is matingly, engagably secured to the opposite flange of the shell. Sealing members are more favorably located in such construction. The assembly is easily disassembled for cleaning.

Abstract: In a standard refrigeration system employing in series a compressor, condenser, heat exchanger and evaporator, the cooling efficiency of the heat exchanger has been improved by routing a portion of the refrigerant in a flashed state through multiple cooling cells within the heat exchanger. The main refrigerant supply is fed through the heat exchanger in a serpentine fashion juxtaposed to the cooling cells so that the refrigerant exiting from the heat exchanger and delivered to the evaporator is at the lowest practical temperature. Separate water and oil lines are fed around the cooling cells to reduce their temperature for use in making ice and cooling the compressor respectively.

Abstract: A novel construction of a heat exchanger such as a vertical type thermosiphon reboiler having a removable tube bundle and optional removable shell is disclosed. The inlet tube sheet is matingly, engagably secured to a ledge portion which is, in turn, secured to one flange of the shell and the opposite tube sheet is matingly, engagably secured to the opposite flange of the shell. Sealing members are more favorably located in such construction. The assembly is easily disassembled for cleaning.

Abstract: A zoned air conditioning system using a room air terminal which has the same horizontal dimensions as a floor tile of a raised tile floor such that the terminal may replace one tile in such a floor. The terminal includes a cool air inlet below the floor for drawing in cooling air circulated in the under floor space and a return air inlet in the top surface of the terminal. The cool air and return air is mixed in a mixing chamber and drawn from the mixing chamber by a fan and returned to the room through an outlet vent. The ratio of cool air to return air mixed in the mixing chamber is controlled by a modulating damper which is controlled in response to the temperature of the return air in order to control the room temperature in the region of the terminal in accordance with an adjustable set point. A heater is also provided in the terminal for those occasions where the return air is cooler than the set point.

Abstract: Two immiscible liquids are vaporized in heat exchanger tubes in a manner such that each tube receives both liquids and neither liquid is completely vaporized in the tubes.

Abstract: In a cooling apparatus operated by ambient air and an agent to be cooled which can have solid state at atmospherical temperatures, a housing such as a cooling tower (100) with air inlets and air closure means at the air inlets and large surface heat exchangers (3) arranged within the cooling tower (100) at its air inlets and divided into groups or sectors being in parallel connection are provided, with which the agent is cooled by the air streaming through the large surface heat exchangers (3). At least one pre-heating heat exchanger (20) is arranged in the air space (29) of each sector of the large surface heat exchangers (3), and the pre-heating heat exchangers (20) are in parallel connection with the large surface heat exchangers (3) of each sector.

Abstract: High-power transmitter valves are located in a housing through which a fan feeds a cooling air stream between an inlet point and an outlet point, the inlet air temperature being required to lie within a range set by the valve manufacturer. The device according to the invention, which is located outdoors, comprises a first duct connected to the inlet point of said housing and a second duct connected to the outlet point thereof. Both the first and second ducts are connected to the outside atmosphere, the first by way of a filter and the second by way of a throttle valve which enables a fraction of the air flowing through the second duct to be recycled to the first duct upstream of the filter, and which for this purpose is controlled by a temperature transducer located in the first duct downstream of filter.

Abstract: A water injection device having a plurality of superposed pipes (13), and a series of tubes (5) for circulating the fluid to be heated, are disposed inside a cylindrical case (6). Interconnecting devices are fixed to the injection device and support the series of tubes, to make the injection device and series of tubes a structurally independent, removable unit. The apparatus is useful for vaporization and heating by circulation of water of liquefied gasses at low temperature such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, argon, etc.

Abstract: A pre-assembled, self-contained clean room module having everything necessary for maintaining the cleanliness, temperature, humidity and pressurization required for the work space within the room. Because the module is factory built rather than built on site, precise quality control can be achieved and each module can be thoroughly tested before shipment. The module is provided with its own sealed base unit which permits it to be moved or relocated without having to be disassembled, and also insures that the module will have a completely sealed sump area beneath its floor. The module is also provided with its own self-contained air conditioning unit which has two independent air systems or paths whereby only a portion of the recirculating air need be conditioned.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for glueing corrugated board and an apparatus for carrying out the same, the method comprising: heating a starch glue to a predetermined temperature range by heat exchange; supplying the starch glue to a glue pan placed in a hot atmosphere of a heat-insulated space so as to maintain the glue in a heated state; feeding a corrugated core sheet and a liner into the heat-insulated space; applying the heated starch glue to ridge portions of the corrugated core sheet; and bonding together the corrugated core sheet and liner.

Abstract: A system for recovering waste heat from a stream of heated gas is disclosed. The system includes a convection heat transfer chamber, a boiler tank, and a plurality of heat pipes thermally interconnecting the convection heat transfer chamber with the boiler tank. Each of the heat pipes includes an evaporator section which is disposed in heat transfer relation with a stream of heated gas flowing through the convection heat transfer chamber, and a condenser section disposed in heat transfer relation with a volume of water disposed within the boiler tank. The evaporator sections and condenser sections are totally enclosed within the convection heat transfer chamber and boiler tank, respectively, and are connected in closed cycle fluid communication with each other.

Abstract: A pressurized coal gasification system having double wall containment vessels (2,10) is disclosed. The gasification vessel (2) is provided with a gas tight water seal (36) for connecting the lower end of the inner water-cooled vessel (4) with the bottom supported slag tank (32). The seal (36) prevents gas leakage between the vessel interior and the pressurized annular volume (24) formed between the inner and outer gasification chambers (4,6). A flow of clean, particulate-free product gas (60) is routed into the contiguous annular volume (24,26,28) formed between the inner water-cooled gas directing members (4,20,12) and the outer, pressure containing members (6,22,16) to prevent either leakage of raw product gas into the annular volume or dilution of the product gas (46) by leakage of the sealing gas (60) into the hot product gas flowstream.

Abstract: A pressure building system for cryogenic material for use on a mobile cryogenic tank such as a railroad car utilizing an elongated conduit which includes at least one fin bonded to the outer wall of the conduit along the length of the same. The conduit and bonded fin are constructed of heat conductive material such as stainless steel. The pressure building system is supported to the mobile cryogenic tank such that the output of the cryogenic tank communicates with the inlet of the conduit.

Abstract: A pump for a spa or swimming pool adapted to heat the liquid being pumped includes a rigid plastic housing fabricated from (1) a first housing part having a volute portion defining a suction chamber enclosing a pump impeller and having an outlet therefrom and a boss defining an inlet thereto and (2) a second housing part having a discharge outlet and a tubular inlet. A sleeve extends between the tubular inlet and volute portion boss to define a suction inlet to the suction chamber. A body extension inserted between the first and second housing parts defines a pressure chamber surrounding the suction inlet and suction chamber and in communication with the suction chamber outlet and discharge outlet. An electrical heater is positioned in the pressure chamber to heat the liquid pumped by the impeller and is controlled by temperature and pressure sensing devices positioned in the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A vertical heat exchanger has a vertical inner conduit surrounded by an outer casing formed with ports with a piercing nosecone at the bottom for facilitating insertion into the earth. The space between the inner conduit and outer casing includes a conductive fill and receives water or salinated fluid through a control valve thus saturating the area surrounding the outer casing. Alternatively, the vertical conduit containing the heat exchanging fluid may be arranged parallel to one or more vertical injector pipes formed with ports for injecting water or salinating fluid through a control valve into the region adjacent to the conduit.