Abstract: A water heater including a tank having a wall defining an interior for holding water is provided. A heat exchange assembly is positioned at least partially within the interior of the tank. The heat exchange assembly includes a metallic outer tube positioned within the interior of the tank. The outer tube has a wall with an inner surface and end portions positioned within the interior of the tank. The heat exchange assembly further includes a metallic inner tube extending within the outer tube and having end portions extending through the wall of the tank. A portion of the outer surface of the inner tube contacts a portion of the inner surface of the outer tube. An elongated passageway is defined between a portion of the outer surface of the inner tube and a portion of the inner surface of the outer tube to facilitate a flow of fluid.

Abstract: A water heater including a tank having a wall defining an interior for holding water is provided. A heat exchange assembly is positioned at least partially within the interior of the tank. The heat exchange assembly has an outer tube extending within the interior of the tank. The outer tube has a wall with an inner surface. An inner tube extends within the outer tube. The inner tube has a wall with an outer surface. A gap is defined between the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube. Heat conducting fluid is contained within the gap. The fluid facilitates the transfer of heat between the inner tube and the outer tube.

Abstract: A heat exchange assembly adapted for use in a water tank is provided. The heat exchange assembly includes a tube having end portions and a coiled portion between the end portions. A fitting is connected to at least one of the end portions of the tube. The fitting has an end configured to extend through an opening in the water tank, and a surface positioned to limit the extension of the end through the opening in the water tank. The fitting also has an opposite end defining a bore configured to receive one of the end portions of the tube and to limit the extension of the end portion of the tube into the opposite end of the fitting. The bore extends axially beyond the surface of the fitting.

Abstract: An isothermal reactor for carrying out heterogeneous exothermic or endothermic reactions, includes within a catalytic bed (3) housed in an appropriate outer shell (2), at least one tube (13) for the passage of a cooling or heating fluid which advantageously extends within the bed (3) along a plane substantially perpendicular with respect to opposed perforated side walls (4, 5) of the catalytic bed.

Abstract: An isothermal reactor for carrying out heterogeneous exothermic or endothermic reactions, includes within a catalytic bed (3) housed in an appropriate outer shell (2), at least one tube (13) for the passage of a cooling or heating fluid which advantageously extends with a cone shaped helicoidal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spiral heat exchanging device having an improved cooling efficiency in which a plurality of spiral pipes connected to an inlet pipe for introducing a coolant are formed to be spirally wound with a gradually increased diameter toward a blast fan and the coolant is discharged through a discharge pipe so that the wind generated from the blast fan is spread evenly on the spiral pipes.

Abstract: A reactor, in particular for exothermic reactions, of the type including: a shell (2) of substantially cylindrical shape, at least one catalytic bed (3) in the shell, including a perforated cylindrical outer side wall (4), which forms a free space (8) with the shell, and an inner side wall (5) coaxial to the previous one, a heat exchanger (13) in the bed (3), the heat exchanger (13) being formed by a plurality of tubes (15) in the form of a spiral, a coil or alike in fluid communication with feed and discharge collectors (14, 16) for a cooling fluid.

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger includes a first tube (10) of generally circular cross section having a relatively large inside diameter and being U-shaped with opposite ends (12,14) adjacent one another. A second tube having a cross section that is relatively small in relation to the cross section of the first tube (10) and helical shaped section (36) intermediate its ends (32,34) is located within the first tube (10) and extends through caps (44) at the ends (12,14) of the first tube (10) to be received in headers (38,40). The first tube (10) impales headers (26,28) and includes apertures (22,24) aligned with the headers (26,28) and in fluid communication with the interiors thereof.

Abstract: A device for effecting heat transfer from a first fluid medium to a second fluid medium and for enhancing mixing and uniform distribution of the second fluid medium within the confines of a conduit. The device includes providing a core pipe for receiving the first fluid medium and a series of helically wound tubes in fluid communication with the core pipe along the longitudinal axis of the conduit. The second fluid passes within the conduit and is mixed by virtue of the static mixing effect of the helically wound tubes and engages in heat transfer as a result of the intimate contact between the second fluid, the core pipe and the helically wound tubes.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing a pharmaceutical composition containing a suspension of a pharmaceutical comprises rapidly heating the pharmaceutical composition from ambient temperature to an elevated temperature, maintaining it at or above the elevated temperature for a period of time, and rapidly cooling the pharmaceutical composition to ambient temperature.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine waste heat recovery system is provided in which a second heat exchanger, a fifth heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a first heat exchanger are disposed sequentially from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow of exhaust gas in an engine exhaust passage. Water, used as a working medium, is supplied sequentially to the first, second, third, fourth and the fifth heat exchangers. Water having the lowest temperature can be supplied to the first heat exchanger on the most downstream side of the gas flow, to which exhaust gas having a comparatively low temperature is supplied. Water having a comparatively low temperature, which has passed only through the first heat exchanger, can be supplied to the second heat exchanger on the most upstream side.

Abstract: An absorption-type air conditioner core structure is provided, which uses lithium bromide solution as absorbent and has a small volume and compact structure. The air conditioner core structure includes an upper vessel (24) and a lower vessel (21). The upper vessel and lower vessel are connected by a refrigerant water pipe (22), a cooling water pipe (7), a heating steam pipe (5), two concentrate solution pipes (27, 58) and two dilute solution pipes (46, 52). The concentrate solution and dilute solution pipes are disposed within a solution pipe protecting cover (23) which connects to both vessels. Because of its compact structure, small volume, fewer welding seams, high level of vacuum, and having the heat exchange pipes (30, 39, 61, 73) of the condenser 1, low temperature generator 2, evaporator 10 and absorber 11 all made of helical copper pipes, the air conditioner core structure has high heat exchange efficiency.

Abstract: A heat exchanger coil assembly is made up of arrays of substantially equally spaced apart serpentine circuits located in the coil assembly region of the conduit, with adjacent circuits being arranged in a parallel offset fashion in which adjacent return bends are overlapping. The tubes have an effective diameter of D. Depression areas are provided at the points of overlap to locally reduce the diameter at the overlap. This provides a circuit-to-circuit with a density D/S>1.0, preferably greater than 1.02, where S is the spacing between adjacent circuits and D is the effective diameter of the tubes.

Abstract: Device to produce ice-cream wherein there is an outer container (11), a cover (26), an inner container (14), a mixing blade (20), and an evaporator coil (21) located in cooperation with the bottom (17) of the inner container (14), through at least a contact surface (27). The inner container (14) is axially mobile to assume at least an axial working position correlated to the position of the cover (26) when it is installed on the outer container (11), and is pressed elastically against the evaporator coil (21) by spring means (22) located under the evaporator coil (21).

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger includes a first tube (10) of generally circular cross section having a relatively large inside diameter and being U-shaped with opposite ends (12,14) adjacent one another. A second tube having a cross section that is relatively small in relation to the cross section of the first tube (10) and helical shaped section (36) intermediate its ends (32,34) is located within the first tube (10) and extends through caps (44) at the ends (12,14) of the first tube (10) to be received in headers (38,40). The first tube (10) impales headers (26,28) and includes apertures (22,24) aligned with the headers (26,28) and in fluid communication with the interiors thereof.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for swimming pools, formed of an essentially cylindrical housing through which a first medium flows axially, while a second medium flows through a conduit that is installed in the housing and that is fashioned as a coil. The coil-shaped conduit is formed of a corrugated hose, and has separate connections for the second medium, or for the corrugated hose. The corrugated hose is connected at its end segments to separate connections for the second medium via a plug connection. The connections extend from the outside to the inside of the housing, passing through the housing.

Abstract: A heat exchange apparatus (10, 10, 10b) for selectively heating and/or cooling a process fluid (38). A process fluid tubing 14 is wrapped around a primary thermally conductive cylinder (12) having a spiral groove (24) therein adapted for closely accepting the process fluid tubing (14) and increasing the area in thermal contact therebetween. The process fluid tubing (14) is a generally chemically inert tubing. The spiral groove (24) supports the process fluid tubing (14) such that the process fluid tubing (14) can be bent in a radius smaller than the natural minimum bend radius of the process fluid tubing (14). Various embodiments have a cooling apparatus (26, 26a) for cooling the process fluid (38). The cooling apparatus (26, 26a) has a outer thermally conductive cylinder (16) or an outer thermal reservoir (50) cooled alternatively by coolant fluid (44) passing through cooling fluid tubing (18), by a plurality of thermoelectric modules (54), or by a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a thermosyphon heat exchanger. The thermosyphon system eliminates the need for costly and inefficient moving parts in the cooling system. The system also minimizes failures rendering the system inoperable by eliminating mechanical components subject to breakdowns that would render the system inoperable. The design of the heat exchanger coils provides for increased efficiency, reduced cost, and simplified construction and maintenance. The system further reduces the energy consumption required for cooling operation while still providing excellent cooling performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioning unit with a coolant circuit which consists of a compressor, an evaporator, a collector located at the low pressure side between the evaporator and the compressor and an inner heat transfer unit with a beat transfer channel located at the high pressure side and a low pressure side beat transfer channel. According to the invention, the inner heat transfer unit has an at least segmentally spiraling and/or spiral-shaped steps between the outer and inner pipe of a coaxial pipe system.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is mounted external to a section of flue pipe or is an integral part of a section of flue pipe. The heat exchanger preheats a domestic hot water supply and boosts the return water temperature prior to reentry to the furnace coil. The heat exchanger reduces fuel use, pollution and wear of the furnace and burner. A typical heat exchanger installation includes an oil or gas burner located on a furnace or boiler having a flue pipe leading to a gaseous outlet, such as a masonry chimney. A short vertical flue section leads to a draft-regulating damper. The flue heat exchanger may be a coil of tubing wrapped around flue section, such that the tubing picks up heat from the heated flue gasses. Preheated water exits from the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A heat exchanger consists of an outer casing, core tube device, flow guide plate and sealing means. The outer casing comprising the lower and upper outer casings has the front and rear enclosed plates fixed to both ends to form a closed casing. The core tube device provided at the middle portion of the outer casing includes a core tube body, end enclosed plates and heat exchanging copper tubes. The flow guide plate is located between the inner wall of the outer casing and the outer wall of the core tube body with the sealing means provided between the upper and lower outer casings and secured into an integral casing by bolts and nuts. The exhausted hot water enters the heat exchanger from the inlet on the outer casing and exits the outlet while the clean tap water enters the heat exchanger from the opposite inlet provided on the core tube device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spiral heat exchanging device having an improved cooling efficiency in which a plurality of spiral pipes connected to an inlet pipe for introducing a coolant are formed to be spirally wound with a gradually increased diameter toward a blast fan and the coolant is discharged through a discharge pipe so that the wind generated from the blast fan is spread evenly on the spiral pipes.

Abstract: A heat exchanger defining a path of multi-directional airflow therethrough. A coil assembly within a housing of the heat exchanger divides the interior of the housing into first and second airflow plenums. The path of airflow includes a first portion in a first direction defining a cross flow distributed over a portion of the coil assembly in the first airflow plenum. A second portion defines a flow extending from the first airflow plenum in a second direction through the coil assembly. A third portion in the first direction defines a second cross flow distributed over a portion of the coil assembly in the second airflow plenum. In one embodiment, the coil assembly is oriented in an angular manner within the housing of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An energy exchanging apparatus is constructed to include an energy source adapted for providing/delivering energy, a shell provided around the energy source and adapted for delivering a fluid to make an energy exchanging action with the energy source, and a spiral member provided inside the shell and spirally extended around the periphery of the energy source and defining a spiral flow path for guiding the fluid spirally over the periphery of the energy source.

Abstract: A cylindrical heat exchanger member can be formed from multiple stacked ring shaped tubular members wherein an inlet and outlet of each ring shaped member terminate at a single header interface, thus permitting access to the inlet and outlet of each ring shaped member at a single location which enables rapid configuration of an combination of flow paths through the multiple ring shape members as well as simple and efficient cleaning of each ring shaped member.

Abstract: A cylindrical heat exchanger member can be formed from multiple stacked ring shaped tubular members wherein an inlet and outlet of each ring shaped member terminate at a single header interface, thus permitting access to the inlet and outlet of each ring shaped member at a single location which enables rapid configuration of any combination of flow paths through the multiple ring shape members as well as simple and efficient cleaning of each ring shaped member.

Abstract: A multi tube heat exchanger with a bundle of small tubes surrounded by one large shell tube is provided. Each small tube has a smaller tube in the center. Product flows in the multiple annular spaces between the tubes while heating or cooling medium flows in the shell side. This arrangement provides high shear rate and results into high heat transfer rates and while still resulting in lower pressure drops for thick food products like tomato paste, catsup, sugar syrups and similar products.

Abstract: Provided is a self-cooling beverage container. The self-cooling beverage container includes a refrigerant vessel provided inside the beverage container and having a refrigerant valve configured to exhaust an internal refrigerant outside, an evaporator tubing having one end connected to the refrigerant valve and the other end led to the outside of a container body to allow evaporation of the refrigerant exhausted through the refrigerant valve and to remove an evaporation heat for the refrigerant from the beverage to cool the beverage, and a refrigerant valve actuator configured to actuate the refrigerant valve, if necessary. Since evaporation occurs directly at an evaporator tubing contacting a beverage inside the container through a wide area, superb beverage cooling efficiency can be achieved. Also, a lid member can be opened by pulling a handle or lightly touching or pressing a convex portion, that is, the self-cooling beverage container can be easily manipulated.

Abstract: An integrated heat exchanger/reservoir for use alone or in combination in an extracorporeal blood circuit. The reservoir includes a hard outer shell topped by a lid with a venous blood inlet. Blood from the inlet enters an elongated annular heat exchange chamber defined between two vertical cylindrical walls within the reservoir. A plurality of heat exchange coils in the annular chamber provides an efficient heat transfer function with low prime volume requirement. Cardiotomy fluid may be first debubbled and then combined with the venous blood stream entering the heat exchange chamber. After passing through the heat exchange chamber, the blood passes through a series of filters before being pumped to the oxygenator.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (12, 12B, 12C, 12D) usable as an oil cooler is provided for exchanging heat between first and second fluids. The heat exchanger has an outer periphery (112, 156, 58′, 366) spaced from a central axis (56). The heat exchange includes an inlet (42, 378) and an outlet (44, 380) for flow of the first fluid, a pair of juxtaposed tube segments (52, 54) coiled about the central axis (56) to form a plurality of alternating concentric coils (58), an inlet (46) for flow of the second fluid into heat exchanger (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D), an outlet (48) for flow of the second fluid from the heat exchanger (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D), and structure (50) for encapsulating the pair of tube segments (52, 54) to retain the second fluid within the heat exchanger (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) as it flows from the inlet (46) to the outlet (48). The tube segment (52) has an end (64) connected to the inlet (42) to receive flow of the first fluid therefrom.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a transmission fluid heat exchanger which is external to an engine radiator, an in-line with respect to radiator hose coupled to the engine radiator.

Abstract: A method of exchanging heat that includes flowing a high pressure, high temperature fluid within a tubing generally along a first direction and flowing a low pressure, low temperature fluid within a first gap formed between a first wall and a first portion of the tubing positioned nearest the first wall and a second gap formed between a second wall and a second portion of the tubing that is positioned nearest the second wall.

Abstract: A system for heating solvents in processing semiconductor wafers has a coiled solvent tube, a coiled cooling water tube, and electric heater elements, cast in place within an aluminum casting. The solvent flows through the solvent tube and is heated by conduction of heat through the casting. The solvent is safely isolated from the heating elements. Water is pumped through the cooling water tube, to cool the casting if solvent flow is interrupted, or if the measured casting temperature exceeds a predetermined set point temperature. Solvent temperature is maintained by controlling power to the heating elements based on the measured solvent temperature at the processing chamber.

Abstract: A heat exchanger having an intermediate heating medium has a shell of the heat exchanger, a plurality of cylindrical partition tubes each of which has an annular space therein and is closed at both end portions thereof with annular walls, the cylindrical partition tubes being arranged concentrically in a mutually spaced manner in the shell, and helical coil-shaped heat exchanger tubes each of which is disposed in the annular space in the cylindrical partition tube. A high-temperature heating medium flows in the shell through clearances among the helically arranged multiple cylindrical partition tubes, a low-temperature heating medium flows in each of the helical coil-shaped heat exchanger tubes, and an intermediate heating medium chemically inactive with respect to both the high-temperature heating medium and the low-temperature heating medium and excellent in the heat transferring performance is passed through each of the annular spaces in the cylindrical partition tubes.

Abstract: A heat exchanger having an intermediate heating medium comprises a shell of the heat exchanger, a plurality of cylindrical partition tubes each of which has an annular space therein and is closed at both end portions thereof with annular walls, the cylindrical partition tubes being arranged concentrically in a mutually spaced manner in the shell, and helical coil-shaped heat exchanger tubes each of which is disposed in the annular space in the cylindrical partition tube. A high-temperature heating medium flows in the shell through clearances among the helically arranged multiple cylindrical partition tubes, a low-temperature heating medium flows in each of the helical coil-shaped heat exchanger tubes, and an intermediate heating medium chemically inactive with respect to both the high-temperature heating medium and the low-temperature heating medium and excellent in the heat transferring performance is passed through each of the annular spaces in the cylindrical partition tubes.

Abstract: A sealed unit of refrigerant fluid for a refrigeration appliance, comprising a hermetic compressor (1), a condenser (3), an evaporator (2), an expanding device, and conducting tube (4) of refrigerant fluid, at least one of the parts consisting of the condenser (3) and the evaporator (2) being defined as a prismatic body which is at least partially tubular, the component parts of the sealed unit being relatively displaced from an inoperative position of transportation, in which the hermetic compressor (1) and the conducting tubes (4) remain contained within a contour defined by the contour of at least one of the parts consisting of the condenser (3) and the evaporator (2), to a mounting operative position in a refrigeration appliance.

Abstract: A heat exchanger system for a device for autothermal reforming of a hydrocarbon having a reaction zone fed with at least two fluids which react with one another, the reaction zone being at a higher temperature level than an environment of the device and at least one of the fluids being heated by the reaction products effluent from the reaction zone. The heat exchanger system includes tubes for transporting the effluent reaction products, at least one section of the tubes being arranged essentially parallel to a center axis of the reaction zone and led through the flow path of the fluid to be heated. At least sections of the flow path are curved helically or spirally around the center axis so that the fluid to be heated impinges on and passes around the tubes containing the effluent reaction products essentially perpendicularly.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant, copper-finned heat exchanger for a water heater is provided. The heat exchanger includes a conduit through which water runs, heat-transfer fins extending from the conduit and an anti-corrosive coating containing electroless nickel. The heat-transfer fins contain copper, and the coating is deposited directly onto at least one of the copper heat-transfer fins.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is mounted external to a section of flue pipe or is an integral part of a section of flue pipe. The heat exchanger preheats a domestic hot water supply and boosts the return water temperature prior to reentry to the furnace coil. The heat exchanger reduces fuel use, pollution and wear of the furnace and burner. A typical heat exchanger installation includes an oil or gas burner located on a furnace or boiler having a flue pipe leading to a gaseous outlet, such as a masonry chimney. A short vertical flue section leads to a draft-regulating damper. The flue heat exchanger may be a coil of copper tubing wrapped around flue section, such that the tubing picks up heat from the heated flue gasses. The cold water source is coupled to a short length of convoluted flexible tubing with coupling flanges which couple the water through the flue mounted heat exchanger. Preheated water exits from the heat exchanger through flexible tubing having a safety pressure relief valve.

Abstract: A system for heating solvents in processing semiconductor wafers has a coiled solvent tube, a coiled cooling water tube, and electric heater elements, cast in place within an aluminum casting. The solvent flows through the solvent tube and is heated by conduction of heat through the casting. The solvent is safely isolated from the heating elements. Water is pumped through the cooling water tube, to cool the casting if solvent flow is interrupted, or if the measured casting temperature exceeds a predetermined set point temperature. Solvent temperature is maintained by controlling power to the heating elements based on the measured solvent temperature at the processing chamber.

Abstract: An assembling heat exchanger of spiral sleeve consist of the outer casings, core tube device, flow guide plate and sealing means. The outer casing comprising the lower and upper outer casings has the front and rear enclosed plates fixed to its both ends to form a closed casing. The core tube device provided at the middle portion of the outer casing includes the core tube body, end enclosed plates and heat exchanging copper tubes. The flow guide plate is located between the inner wall of the outer casing and the outer wall of the core tube body with the sealing means provided between the upper and lower outer casings and secured into an integral casing by bolts and nuts. The exhausted hot water enters the heat exchanger from the inlet on the outer casing and exit the outlet while the clean tap water enters the heat exchanger from the opposite inlet provided on the core tube device.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (12, 12B, 12C, 12D) usable as an oil cooler is provided for exchanging heat between first and second fluids. The heat exchanger has an outer periphery (112, 156, 58′, 366) spaced from a central axis (56). The heat exchange includes an inlet (42, 378) and an outlet (44, 380) for flow of the first fluid, a pair of juxtaposed tube segments (52, 54) coiled about the central axis (56) to form a plurality of alternating concentric coils (58), an inlet (46) for flow of the second fluid into heat exchanger (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D), an outlet (48) for flow of the second fluid from the heat exchanger (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D), and structure (50) for encapsulating the pair of tube segments (52, 54) to retain the second fluid within the heat exchanger (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) as it flows from the inlet (46) to the outlet (48). The tube segment (52) has an end (64) connected to the inlet (42) to receive flow of the first fluid therefrom.

Abstract: A double-row heat exchanger coil includes intertwined inner and outer loops. The loops are situated to allow one continuous coil to be wound in an uninterrupted coiling operation, and later cut at several locations to create several individual circuits that are readily connected to each other in a parallel flow relationship.

Abstract: A spiral heat exchanger mounted in a housing has at least one group of at least two media-conducting spiral elements which are nested into one another, wherein the spiral elements are composed of a plurality of extruded profiles which are cut to length and are arranged next to one another. Spaced-apart spacer ribs are mounted on the outer flat sides of the extruded profiles. Transverse channels connected in a media-conducting manner to the spiral channels are provided at the radially inner and radially outer ends of the extruded profiles. The transverse channels can be coupled to lines which supply and/or discharge media.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for swimming pools, formed of generally cylindrical housing, through which flows a first medium while a second medium flows through a line designed as a spiral within the housing. The spiral shaped line is formed of a corrugated hose and possesses separate connection fittings for the second medium, namely the corrugated hose. The corrugated hose is connected by its end sections which extend in an axial direction to likewise axially extending sections of the separate connection fittings for the second medium.

Abstract: An engine charge air cooler system including a charge air compressing system, a refrigerant cycling system, and a charge air cooling apparatus for transferring heat from the compressed charge air of the charge air compressing system to the refrigerant fluid of the refrigerant cycling system. The charge air cooling apparatus comprises a housing with a charge air passage for charge air moving through the housing. A plurality of fins are positioned in the charge air passage. A fluid tube is provided in the housing and passes through each of the fins in a plurality of locations. Preferably, the refrigerant compressor of the system is adapted to also compress a separate flow of refrigerant fluid for an air conditioning system of the vehicle in addition to the refrigerant fluid of the system of the invention. A heating element may be provided in the interior of the housing, and may be selectively heatable for preventing accumulated moisture from freezing in the interior of the housing in sub-freezing temperatures.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for use with a furnace, each heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat exchanger elements. Each heat exchanger element includes a pair of clamshells sealingly attached to one another. The heat exchanger element includes a longitudinal axis. A pair of depressions are disposed in each respective said pair of clamshells. The depressions face one another to form a passageway wall and a serpentine fluid passageway therebetween. At least a portion of the serpentine fluid passageway extends along the longitudinal axis. A plurality of enhancements are formed in the depressions and are disposed within the portion of the serpentine fluid passageway. The plurality of enhancements project into the serpentine fluid passageway. Each enhancement constitutes a corrugation having a substantially trapezoidal longitudinal cross-section. A longitudinally positioned passageway wall portion is extended between each adjacently positioned enhancements within each clamshell.

Abstract: A portable housing holds a quantity of ice and the melt water from the ice or cooled water or cooled liquid is circulated through a heat exchanger. A blower circulates air from the room through the heat exchanger and back into the room for cooling the room. The housing includes a relatively large chamber for holding the ice and a relatively smaller chamber in which the blower is disposed. Melt water from the ice, or cooled water or cooled liquid, is pumped through the heat exchanger and from the heat exchanger the liquid flows by gravity back to the ice and water chamber.

Abstract: A heat exchanger tube having an integral restricting and turbulating structure consisting of dimples formed by confronting indentations pressed into the sides of the heat exchanger tube. The dimples are comprised of indentations disposed in pairs which extend into the tube to such a depth as is necessary to significantly reduce the cross sectional area of the heat exchanger tube and provide a pair of converging, diverging flow nozzles to promote turbulence of the flue gases. The turbulence characteristics of the tube can be controlled by varying the size of the aperture of the nozzles. In certain applications, the dimples are located along the sides of the heat exchanger tube, thereby providing unobstructed drainage for liquids even when the tube is bent into a serpentine shape.

Abstract: Continuous, chaotic convection mixer, convection heat exchanger and convection reactor The invention relates to a device (1), in particular for mixing, for heat exchange or for carrying out reactions, having one or more through-flow elements (2) which have a center line (3) in the direction of flow, wherein the element(s) (2) is/are at least partially shaped or arranged such that the curve (9) formed by the center line(s) (3) approximately satisfies the following parametric representation: ϑ ⁡ ( t ) = ( ( - 1 ) [ t ] ⁢ a ⁡ ( t