Abstract: An air conditioner having a partition for partitioning the inside thereof into indoor and outdoor sections with an intake port. A damper is provided at the intake port so that an outdoor air introduction path of the outdoor section and an outdoor air discharge path are cut off when introducing outdoor air by opening the damper. Air the outdoor air introduction path is guided into the indoor section.

Abstract: A gas trap apparatus is disclosed for trapping gaseous fraction of mixtures. The apparatus includes a gas column chamber into which a tubular column, such as a capillary tube, may extend. A cooling chamber is provided into which a coolant may be introduced for solidifying or liquefying a gas sample. A heating element in surrounding relationship to the cooling chamber is used for vaporizing the solidified/liquified gas. A Dewar flask surrounds the gas trap apparatus to prevent thermal leakage to the atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention concerns improvements in electric defrost heaters used in frozen carbonated beverage machines. The frozen carbonated beverage machine includes freeze cylinders used to produce the frozen beverage. One or more tubes are secured in heat exchange relationship along the exterior of the freeze cylinder. Cartridge type heating elements are releasably insertable into the tubes to provide for defrosting of the beverage in the freeze cylinder.

Abstract: A temperature control method for controlling a temperature in a chamber comprises the steps of: providing heating means which can select large and small heating powers for heating the chamber and refrigerating means for cooling the chamber; detecting a process temperature in the chamber; operating the heating means with a small heating power for attaining an intended set value when a detected temperature is equal to or higher than a lower tolerable deviation value, and operating the heating means with a large heating power when the detected temperature is lower than the lower tolerable deviation value; and operating the refrigerating means when the detected temperature is higher than an upper tolerable deviation value.

Abstract: A condensing furnace which includes an outdoor coil of the type having aluminum fins pressed to copper tubes through which a refrigerant is conducted. Heat is generated, preferably from a flame, and the relatively intense temperature (approximately 2200.degree. F.) is de-intensified before reaching the aluminum fins by generally sinusoidal de-intensifier tubes positioned between the flames and the fins of the coil. Since the de-intensifier tubes reduce the temperature of the flue of gases virtually instantly to approximately 50.degree. F., condensation forms not only upon the de-intensifier tubes but also upon the aluminum fins of the coil which prevents acidic deterioration and corrosion thereof, while at the same time maintaining extremely high Btu absorption.

Abstract: Car air conditioning equipment comprising: an air feeding device for feeding a constant amount of air; air-blow outlets for blowing air with an adjusted temperature into a car interior; an interior temperature detector for detecting a temperature in the car interior; a blown-air temperature detector for detecting a temperature of air blown out from the air outlet; a temperature controlling device for outputting a heating-cooling control signal to control the flow of heating-air and the flow of cooling-air which temporally varies, based on the detected interior temperature and the detected blown-air temperature; and a temperature adjusting device which includes a heating-cooling device for heating and cooling the air from the air feeding device and temporally varying the temperature of the heating-air and the cooling-air, and first mixing device for mixing the heating-air and the cooling-air from the heating-cooling device and supplying the mixed air with the adjusted temperature to the air outlet device.

Abstract: An evaporator structure comprises a heating tube and a refrigerant tube. The heating tube contains a heating wire, and at least the refrigerant tube contains heat exchange fins. The tubes and fins are of one-piece extruded construction. The evaporator structure is bent to form straight sections interconnected by curved sections. Along the curved sections the tubes are spaced apart to define air-conducting paths. The fins may alternatively be formed in a plate which interconnects the tubes.

Abstract: An outdoor unit includes at least a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger coupled to the compressor. Each of a plurality of indoor units includes at least an indoor heat exchanger. A distribution unit couples the outdoor unit in parallel with the plurality of indoor units to constitute respective refrigeration cycles. The distribution unit has a plurality of refrigeration flow regulating members corresponding to the respective refrigeration cycles. A dew formation preventive member acts on the distribution unit to heat air in the distribution unit, thereby suppressing dew formation in the distribution unit.

Abstract: A device for holding and controlling the temperature of a corrosive chemical processing bath. The device has a tank having a bottom intimately covering thermally conductive fins, a heat sink thermally connected to the fins and heaters, connected to the heat sink, for changing the temperature of the fins. Preferably the device is produced by rotationally molding the tank about the fins coated with a polymeric material thereby covering the fins and forming an integral seamless tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides heater equipment for heating to high temperature and intended to be mounted on a rigid mechanical support (66) in particular the table of a press for manufacturing products made of plastic material or of composite materials. The equipment comprises a heat distribution plate (60) which is heated in multiple zones by a heater submodule (61) comprising a plurality of one piece flat metal-clad heater elements (62) which are spaced apart by spacer blocks (63) and which are distributed over at least three different zones. Each heater element (62) includes at least three resistances (X1, X2, X3). The heater zones are fed with electric power independently from one another by electronic power feed means for each zone, with the power being fed as a function of predetermined references for each zone in co-operation with temperature sensors.

Abstract: An air conditioner has a refrigeration system with a compressor, a motor for air-circulating fans, indoor and outdoor heat exchangers and a four-way valve connected through refrigerant conduits such that it can be operated selectably both for cooling and for heating. An electric heater is also provided for heating. An electrical circuit for the air conditioner has a series connection of (1) a first temperature switch which opens when the temperature of the motor becomes too high, (2) a thermostat of an ordinary kind which places its connector piece in an open or closed position by comparing room temperature with a user-set temperature level, (3) a relay which controls the switching of the compressor of the air conditioner on and off, and (4) a second temperature switch which opens when the temperature of the electric heater becomes too high.

Abstract: A cooling system is disclosed which is incorporated in a heat treating apparatus for use in a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device etc. The heat treating apparatus includes a reaction tube for receiving products to be heat treated in its uniformly heated zone, and a heater which surrounds the reaction tube. Inlet means for blowing a cooling fluid and exhaust means for collecting that cooling fluid which is heated after the cooling function thereof has been achieved are provided. The fluid is blown from the inlet means around the reaction tube, substantially perpendicular to the axis of the reduction tube, and as a result, a flow of cooling fluid from the inlet means toward the exhaust means is established beyond the length of the uniformly heated zone, thus the entire reaction zone within the reaction tube is uniformly cooled.

Abstract: A variable parameter heater for applying heat in a predetermined profile to a work surface. The heater has a plurality of elongated members which are interconnected to form a frame. Elongated members are slidingly adjustable to provide the intended heat profile. Each elongated member contains first and second rows of apertures. Heated air is delivered to the work surface past selectively energized heating elements disposed in the first row of apertures. Cool air where required is delivered to the work surface through the second row of apertures. The heater may include a vacuum probe for depositing or removing components relative to the work surface. The vacuum probe may also direct cool air to the work surface. Mirrors may be mounted upon elongated members to provide enhanced viewing of the work surface. In case of disablement, elongated members are individually removeble for repair or replacement.

Abstract: An apparatus for maintaining liquid temperature at a constant level comprises a reaction vessel for containing liquid, a cooling device connected with the reaction vessel for cooling the liquid, a heating device connected with the cooling device for heating the liquid cooled by the cooling device, a circulating device for circulating the liquid through and among the reaction vessel, the cooling device and the heating device, a temperature detecting device for detecting the temperature of the liquid heated by the heating device, a heat exchange rate control device for controlling the heat exchange rate between the cooling device and the liquid, and a control device for controlling the heating device and the heat exchange rate control device based on a control state of the apparatus and on the temperature difference between the detected temperature and a desired temperature.

Abstract: A press platen, for bonding ends of a conveyor belt, having both heating and cooling means, the heating means being electrical resistance elements positioned in grooves bars, within the platen, which bars also define cooling channels therein.

Abstract: A calorimeter for measuring the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of chemical reactions, microbial fermentations, and other processes of industrial importance is described. The present invention also relates to a method of operation of this apparatus.

Abstract: A detachable heat bonnet for mounting over and around a conventional heat pump which confines and electrically heats air confined in spaced areas between the enclosure means and the exterior surfaces of the heat pump. This supplementary heat supplied by a small, high capacity electrical heater, prevents the actuating of the auxiliary heat strips of the heat pump, when the coolness of the inside air calls for the heating cycle.

Abstract: A defrosting apparatus comprises a housing defining therein a frozen food storage space. Within the housing, air is heated and supplied to the storage space through a hot-air entrance passage formed between a side wall of the housing and one of paired shelf receiving members which cooperate to define the storage space. The hot-air entrance passage incorporates a guide plate having a communication aperture provided at a lower end. The guide plate cooperates with the side wall of the housing and one of the shelf receiving members to force the hot air fed from a ventilating fan to flow first downwardly along the hot-air inlet passage. The hot-air flow is then changed in the flow direction upon passing through the communication aperture so as to flow upwardly. In the course of flowing upwardly, the hot air is fed into the storage space successively through a plurality of inlet ports formed in one of the shelf receiving members.

Abstract: The heat exchanger located in an air-conditioning room adjourning the test room of a climatic test chamber for testing equipment and devices for their resistance to extremes of climate is equipped for producing rapid changes of test chamber air temperature towards extremes of cold and heat by means of a so called "tempering" heat transfer medium which boils or condenses in the heat exchanger in the air-conditioning room. The heat transfer loop of the tempering medium is designed to withstand pressures from a low value such a 0.1 bar to a high value such as 20 bar in order that the boiling point of the tempering medium may automatically rise and fall with the air temperature of the testing room while heat is transferred in one direction or the other in great quantity through a low temperature gradient at the boiling point temperature. For cooling, a condensate separator is included in the tempering medium loop and is cooled by the cooling loop of another cooling medium.

Abstract: A self-contained refrigerator-oven for refrigerating and cooking food in the same enclosed chamber, has both heating elements and cooling elements located in the same appliance. The heating elements may be conventional heating elements and/or a convection unit and a microwave unit. Additonally, the apparatus has cooling controls, heating controls, and temperature controls which are activated by a microprocessor, programmable for up to two weeks in advance, so that the cooling elements and the heating elements are subsequently activated to treat the food at particular temperatures for particular specific periods of time. The sequence of heating and cooling may be performed in any desired order. The apparatus includes a battery backup to maintain the time, microprocessor and logic circuits during a power outage and utilizes a frozen food, probe-receiving sheath to facilitate cooking from a frozen state.

Abstract: The apparatus consists of a refrigerator (10) into which it is possible to insert trays (27, 28, 29) on which various tableware containing different foods and/or drinks are placed. The refrigerator contains, in addition to the cooling unit (13), a high-frequency generator (17) which interacts with induction coils which are arranged in the trays, making it possible to heat suitable tableware inductively. Furthermore, a temperature monitoring means (19) is provided which switches the high-frequency generator off or on during a settable heating time and on reaching a predetermined temperature. A preferred embodiment of the temperature monitoring means contains an induction coil (41), which corresponds to the coils in the trays, and a metal element (42), the heat capacity of which approximately corresponds to that of a piece of tableware. The metal element is connected to the refrigerator housing by a heat-conducting connection (43, 44, 46).

Abstract: Over for the burn-in of integrated circuits (12), comprising: a chamber (B) for receiving such circuits (12); first means (4), for heating such integrated circuits (12) in the chamber (B) with the circuits (12) fed with supply voltages; and control means for controlling the first means (4), including a computer (15) for monitoring power consumed by the circuits (12), the computer (15) being capable of storing information concerning the number of said circuits (12) and being adapted to provide from said power, a signal dependent on the mean power dissipation of the circuits (12): and in which oven the control means controls the heating of the circuits (12) in dependence on said signal.

Abstract: The invention disclosed provides an effective and comprehensively economic method of cooling the continuous shielding wire fed to the welding rollers of a machine for seam-welding discrete lengths of tube, inasmuch as the wire does not merely pass between the cooled mill rolls but is wrapped around each one to the point of subtending an angle greater than 180.degree..

Abstract: A resist developing apparatus comprising a developing tank consisting of a top portion, a body portion, and a bottom portion, at least one of the top, body, and bottom portions being comprised of an inner wall and an outer wall, a heat exchange chamber being defined between the inner and outer walls for being supplied with a heating medium; a chuck disposed inside the developing tank for holding a work piece in position, a nozzle for spraying chemical liquid toward the work piece held in position by the chuck; a heating medium supply unit for supplying heating medium at a specified temperature to the heat exchange chamber; and piping connecting between the heating medium supply unit and the heat exchange chamber, whereby the interior of the developing tank is adapted to be controlled to a specified temperature.

Abstract: A Heater-Cooler unit that provides efficient heating and cooling in such a manner that the temperature is easily controlled. The unit's 360 degree exposure enables both fins and barrel surface to be in complete contact with cooling air. The structure of the fins provides contact with the barrel to conduct heat flowing from the heating elements to the barrel surface.

Abstract: A defrosting apparatus including a housing defining a space for accommodating therein articles to be defrosted, a heater for heating the air within the housing, and an air circulation fan for circulating the heated air so that it flows through the space. The apparatus further includes a first temperature sensor disposed on the air outlet side of the circulation fan for sensing the temperature of the outlet air flowing out from the circulation fan to produce a first detection signal, a second temperature sensor disposed at the air inlet side of the circulation fan for detecting the temperature of the air flowing into the circulation fan to produce a second detection signal and a controller coupled to the first and second sensors for receiving the first and second detection signals, respectively, to thereby control the operation of the defrosting apparatus.

Abstract: A method of enhancing residual compressive stress in a horizontal double metallic pipe which includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe fitted into the outer pipe. Cooling water is introduced into both the inner pipe and an annular space defined between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. Further, cooling water is injected into the annular space to form a partial cooling water flow through the cooling water in the annular space. During the injection of cooling water, the outer pipe is heated from the outside thereof to generate a temperature difference between inner and outer faces of the outer pipe to such a degree that thermal stress larger than a yield point is produced in the outer pipe. Then, the heating of the outer pipe is stopped to allow the outer pipe to stand, whereby residual compressive stress is provided to a radially inner portion of the outer pipe.

Abstract: This application discloses several components relating to a heating apparatus which preferably are used in conjunction with each other in an apparatus for heating solid granular or particulate material, such as aggregate used to make asphalt concrete. One component of the present invention includes a heater-condenser unit which indirectly heats the material by circulating heat transfer fluid within hollow plates contained in a housing holding the material. The material is heated, the heat transfer fluid is condensed and a condensate removal means associated with the hollow plates removes the condensate from the housing. The heat transfer fluid used in the heater-condenser preferably is supplied in the form of a vapor or gas evolved from liquid contained in material heated by another type of heater. In this other type of heater, the material to be dried enters a chamber containing hollow heat exchange plates through which a primary heat transfer fluid is circulating.

Abstract: An improved system for and method of precisely controlling the temperature at a predetermined location at a preselected temperature selected from a range of temperatures is described. The preferred system for carrying out the preferred method includes a mixing valve for separating a fluid stream into first and second component streams and adjustable in response to a first contol signal so as to control the amount of separation of first and second component streams. The preferred system also includes a heater for heating the first compponent stream in response to a second control signal, a first evaporator for cooling the second component stream and a conduit for combining the heated and cooled component streams so as to provide a mixed stream to the predetermined location. The first and second control signals are provided as a function of the preselected temperature, the temperature of the heated first component stream, the temperature of the mixed stream and the temperature at said predetermined location.

Abstract: A method and a device serve for cooling a magnet system, in particular a magnet system (50) of a nuclear spin tomograph, with high homogeneity of the magnetic field. A coil (51, 52, 53, 54) made from an electrically conductive material having a finite active resistance is connected to a power supply unit (72). A cooling body being in thermally conductive contact with the coil (51, 52, 53, 54) is passed by a cooling agent. In a first operating mode, at rated duty, the coil (51, 52, 53, 54) is supplied with a rated current, and the active throughput of the cooling agent is adjusted to a rated value. In order to keep the energy costs low during inoperative times of the magnet system, while keeping the waiting trimes required when the magnet system is switched on again as low as possible, a second operating mode, defined as stand-by duty, is provided during which the coil (51, 52, 53, 54) is supplied with a rest current and the active throughput of the cooling agent is adjusted to a rest value.

Abstract: In this process, the prepared food, in portions and together with the cutlery, is arranged on a tray and placed in a refrigerator. Those parts of each portion which are to be heated before serving are introduced into containers which can be inductively heated, and each shelf, in the refrigerator, on which the tray is to be placed contains means for inductively heating these containers. To avoid the situation in which, during serving, some parts of the portion are hot and the others are still at refrigeration temperature, the inductively heatable containers are covered with a lid, the outside of which is also inductively heatable, and/or possess an outer surface, at least part of which can be inductively heated. Consequently, during inductive heating of the interior of the container and the food present therein, the external environment of the container and the food present there, as well as the cutlery, are brought to ambient temperature.

Abstract: The heat exchanger comprises a plurality of semicylindrical segments, coupled so as to substantially define a circular sleeve encompassing the body to be thermally controlled, the segments being axially stacked and provided with radially extending fins including throughgoing holes, in the two opposite lateral faces of the segments there being provided recesses for housing an electric resistance, and an outer casing being moreover provided which defines, cooperating with the segments, an air conveying path which successively extends on the outer and inner surfaces of the segments.

Abstract: An air cooler having coolant tubes, a drain, a pair of coolant tube supports and a defroster for preventing condensate in the drain from freezing. The coolant tube supports include a vertical plate provided with a pair of horizontally spaced notches for supporting the defroster. The notches open to the lower edge of the plate and converge towards one another.

Abstract: A multi-zone heater arrangement for controlling the temperature of a gaseous medium, such as air, being conveyed through the heater which is located within a flow duct for the medium, and more particularly, an arrangement for compensating temperature deviations in the gaseous medium conveyed through the respective zones of the heater. Moreover, also disclosed is a method for controlling the temperature of the gaseous medium as it is conveyed through the multi-zone heater to compensate for temperature differentials in the gaseous medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is heat exchange apparatus for controlling the temperature of a resin after leaving an extruder and prior to extrusion through a die in an extrusion process, comprising a heat exchanger having an inlet and outlet for an extruded heat-plastified resin and an inlet and an outlet for a heat exchange medium to be circulated in heat exchanging relationship with the extruded resin; a selective heater for receiving the heat exchange medium from the heat exchanger, the heater heating the heat exchange medium to a predetermined temperature during a start-up phase of the heat exchange device; a cooler adapted for receiving a portion of the heat exchange medium from the heater, the cooler including an inlet and an outlet for the heat exchange medium and an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium to be circulated in heat exchanging relationship with the heat exchange medium; control means interposed between the heater and the cooler for selectively directing a portion of the heat exchange medium to said cooler

Abstract: There is disclosed a multiple module furnace and system for aerospace application useful for conducting high temperature experiments and treatments of materials, particularly for alloying of metals. The furnace comprises a frame having a plurality of receptacles to receive a like plurality of furnace modules. Each furnace module has thermal insulation and thermal isolating means, an electrical resistance heater and a sample cavity which receives a plurality of sample containing crucibles. Each module is also provided with thermocouples at various locations to monitor and control the treatment.

Abstract: In a method of periodically heating a product separator of a plant for producing anhydride or maleic anhydride, a PA or MA product is deposited on cooling surfaces of the product separator. To melt the product, the cooling surfaces are indirectly heated by means of a heated liquid, which is circulated through the product separator. The liquid heat transfer medium is indirectly heated with steam in a heater for the heat transfer medium. At least during the time of the largest steam demand, most of that steam is taken from a steam accumulator, which is charged with steam supplied from the plant for producing PA or MA. The charging of the steam accumulator is effected to at least a substantial degree during the time in which the heater for the heat transfer medium is out of operation or is operated under a low load.

Abstract: A low gravity exothermic heating/cooling apparatus is disclosed for processing materials in space which includes an insulated casing (10) and a sample support (16), (18) carried within the casing which supports a sample container (14). An exothermic heat source (A) includes a plurality of segments (20) of exothermic material stacked one upon another to produce a desired temperature profile when ignited. The exothermic material segments are constructed in the form of an annular element having a recess opening (22) which defines an open central core (23) throughout the vertical axis of the stacked exothermic material (A). The sample container (14) is arranged within the core (23) of the stacked exothermic heating material. Igniters (24) are spaced vertically along the axis of the heating material to ignite the exothermic material at spaced points to provide total rapid burn and release of heat.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus adapted for storage of cold storage goods as well as frozen goods and having both a heater and a cooler is controlled by an improved temperature control device, which includes a detector for detecting a temperature of return air from the interior of a storage area of the refrigerating apparatus and a detector for detecting a temperature of an air output which is blown into the interior of the storage area, and which controls either the higher one of the two detected temperatures or the lower one of the two detected temperatures depending upon a set temperature. In the case of storing cold storage goods, the lower one of the two detected temperatures is controlled so as to be maintained at the set temperature, whereas in the case of storing frozen goods, the higher one of the two detected temperatures is controlled so as to be maintained at the set temperature.

Abstract: A passive temperature control shipment container is provided having a central chamber surrounding a sample or specimen wherein the central chamber has two conductive walls, one of which is in contact with a heat source and one with a heat sink to provide a specified temperature change profile and to maintain a specified temperature time relationship in the shipping container.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method for heating a vessel having a vessel bottom and at least one vessel side wall. The invention includes a furnace housing which is adapted to contain the vessel and which has a housing bottom and at least one housing side wall. A heater mechanism, located at the housing bottom and at the housing side wall, heats the vessel and is adapted to contact selected portions of the vessel bottom and vessel side wall. Thermal insulation is disposed about the housing for reducing heat loss therefrom, and an extendable temperature sensor is adapted to contact the vessel and monitor the temperature thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a heat exchanger which includes an A-coil through which a heat-exchange medium (refrigerant) is circulated between an inlet and an outlet thereof, a compressor in fluid communication with the outlet for compressing a vapor phase of the heat-exchange medium, and means for generating heat beyond and as an augment to ambient temeprature sufficient to transform the liquid phase of the heat-exchange medium to its vapor phase during the passage of the heat-exchange medium from the inlet to the outlet with substantially total absorption of the heat by the heat-exchange medium for subsequent extraction of the heat from the vapor phase to effect desired heating.

Abstract: A sheath device for heating breathing bags and hoses of underwater breath apparatus employs a fabric enclosure for the breathing bags, walls of which enclosure are formed of two layers sealed together at a plurality of discrete points to define water passages within sealed boundary lines. Tubular water conducting enclosures for the breathing hoses are connected to the enclosures in communication with the water passages in the walls, and flexible tubular dams connected to the device and to the hoses direct water flow from the wall passages into the hose enclosures.

Abstract: A cabinet type enclosure, for refrigerating a plurality of food items on a plurality of specially configured meal trays has a plurality of thin, generally horizontal, fixedly mounted heater shelf members extending into the enclosed space from one side wall thereof. One or more covered containers of food to be heated are positioned on one side of the trays and are mounted on the trays slightly above the top surface of the tray and with their bottom surfaces in contact with heater plates on the heater shelf members. The meal trays have integral transverse abutment means which cooperate with portions of a container for hot food placed on the tray adjacent the abutment means for preventing longitudinal movement of the hot food container past the transverse abutment means by frictional contact of the container with the heater shelf as the tray is moved into or out of the enclosure and relative to the heater shelf along tray guides.

Abstract: Food thawing apparatus is disclosed specifically adapted for use in a refrigeration appliance. An enclosure having good thermal communication with surrounding environment is provided with a pair of planar electrodes defining a food thawing zone. One of the electrodes is movable to allow insertion of a frozen food load. A high frequency, relatively low wattage power supply provides uniform energy distribution throughout the feed load for gentle heating (thawing). Frequencies of 27.12 MHz or 43 MHz are suggested along with a power level of 100 watts or below, preferably 35-80 watts.

Abstract: An absorption type air conditioning system in which a solar collector is used integrally to heat and strip refrigerant from the mixture of absorbent and refrigerant to eliminate a separated hot water or other heat transfer medium cycle as normally employed between the solar collector and the stripper generator.Also, the present invention includes an absorber which is integrally located within the confines of a deep water well used to extract heat from the entire system, together with a condenser coil or tube also located within the deep water well. The integral location of absorber and condenser within the confines of the heat sinking medium, such as a deep water well raises the overall cooling efficiency since a separated cooling cycle and heat exchanger are eliminated.The invention is particularly suited to brine type absorption systems, such as lithium bromide and water solutions where stripper generator action may take place at temperatures easily obtainable with the solar collector process included.

Abstract: Food is prepared by placing selected food items in pre-determined locations on food trays, placing the trays on shelves of a rack in a food and beverage cabinet with the food and beverage cabinet being inserted in a first environmental control unit which circulates chilled air over the trays and then removing the food and beverage cabinet and placing it at a second environmental control unit which additionally heats selected food items.

Abstract: Bivalent heating system having a directly fired heat pump with an absorber and a burner-heated generator disposed in a refrigerant circulation loop, the refrigerant loop being coupled through heat exchanging means to a heating medium loop for space heating and including control means activatable when a predetermined ambient temperature is reached for increasing fuel supply to the burner of the heat pump and for switching circulation in the refrigerant loop from heat pump operation to pure heat exchanger operation.

Abstract: A wafer chuck having a substantially hollow cavity therein utilizes the latent vaporization of a liquid to extract heat from the wafer. An insulated heater provides for heating the wafer to its desired operating point as rapidly as possible in order to bring the wafer to its operating point before plasma etching or deposition occurs.

Abstract: A system for applying .[.one-part thermal-cure.]. .Iadd.fluent .Iaddend.material, such as structural epoxy, includes apparatus for heating or cooling the epoxy to a temperature above or below ambient. A spirally coiled tube is suspended within a hollow enclosure by tube end fittings extending from axially opposed ends of the tube. An electrical heater and temperature sensor extend from opposed enclosure ends into the tube coils approximately centrally of the enclosure. The enclosure is filled with a heat transfer fluid that surrounds the coiled tubing. The fluid is connected through an inlet and outlet in the enclosure endwalls for circulation externally of the enclosure through a fluid chiller. A microprocessor-base controller receives input signals from the temperature sensor and a temperature adjustment mechanism, and provides outputs to the heater chiller and heater-exchange fluid pump and circulation valve, and to alarm mechanisms for indicating a high-temperature or low-temperature alarm condition.