Abstract: Disclosed are granules comprising an elastomeric polyurethane and bitumen, processes for preparing the granules in an extruder and to their use for preparing a bituminous binder, which may especially be used for producing prefabricated sealing membranes by depositing said bituminous binder onto a fibrous support.

Abstract: The invention relates to a scraped surface heat exchanger (100) comprising a heat exchanging wall (20) having an cylindrical inner surface (21) with a radius (R+.delta.), a shaft (10) being rotatable mounted inside of and concentrically to the inner surface (21) of the heat exchanging wall (20) and having at least one gap portion (10A) with an outer surface (11) and a radius (R), and at least one scraping member (40) supported by the shaft (10) and extending to the inner surface (21) of the heat exchanger wall (20), characterized in that the at least one or the gap portions (10A) with an outer surface (11) and a radius (R) extend over at least 60% of the circumference of the shaft (10).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a machine for heat exchange with a product including a vat, with a first end, a second end and an outer surface, for containing the product to be treated, a shaft, at least one element for heating or cooling a product and for being coupled in the shaft and at least one scraper blade. The machine for heat exchange with a product additionally includes a plurality of separators configured to be coupled in the shaft, at least one separator being located between two contiguous elements. Between two contiguous elements there may be located inner scraper blades anchored in structures fixed to the shaft of the machine at their ends, which in their rotation movement will scrape the outer surfaces of the elements and separators. Additionally, outer scraper blades may be arranged between the structures and the vat to scrape the inner surface of said vat.

Abstract: A shoe device secured to a syphon is disclosed for removing condensate from an internal surface of a rotating cylinder. The shoe device includes a shoe portion which is disposed adjacent to the internal surface of the rotating cylinder. The shoe portion defines a passageway having an upstream and a downstream end. The passageway permits a flow there through of the condensate from the internal surface of the rotating cylinder, through the upstream end of the passageway to the downstream end of the passageway. The shoe portion has a first and a second side, a surface extending between the first and second sides of the shoe portion. The surface is disposed adjacent to the internal surface of the cylinder. The shoe portion also has a leading and a trailing end and a face extending between the leading and trailing ends of the shoe portion. A clamp is secured to a distal end of the syphon and is connected to the shoe portion for clamping the shoe portion to the syphon.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for viscous fluids includes a pair of frustum-shaped bodies (1) and (2) providing the heat-transmitting surfaces. The outer body is confined by gate-flanges (3) and (4) through which is inserted a bearing-and-seal housing (5). The inner body has a hollow center shaft (6) extending through the housing (5). The inner and outer bodies have one or more surface grooves (7). The outer body includes a jacket chamber (8) for a secondary, heat transfer fluid. The inner body is hollow, with channels to improve heat transfer, and the secondary fluid enters and exits through the hollow shaft (6). The angular movement of the inner body is also transferred through the shaft from an outside lever (9). The width of the grooves may exceed that of the scraper, allowing for relative radial movement of the scraper inside the groove. An axial force can be applied to increase the surface pressure of the scrapers.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to an improvement to a rotary joint and stationary siphon system typically for use in the papermaking process. Disclosed is a siphon support that has a bearing that rotatably engages with a siphon and flow openings that allow for steam flow from the rotary joint to the interior of a heat exchange roll. Further disclosed is a support device with a flow section that receives steam from the rotary joint and transmits it on to the heat exchange roll, wherein the flow section raises the pressure differential across the rotary joint by less than about 2 p.s.i. The support device is also only attached to the rotary joint and siphon thereby reduces the cantilever effect of the stationary siphon. Further disclosed are systems for papermaking that include the siphon support and rotary joint; the siphon support and stationary siphon; and the support, rotary joint and siphon. Further disclosed is a method of assembly wherein the support device is attached to a rotary joint and siphon.

Abstract: A seal-less magnetically driven scraped-surface heat exchanger is provided that is particularly useful for aseptic processing. The heat exchanger comprises an elongated generally cylindrical heat transfer tube having an inlet, an outlet, and a sidewall defining a chamber between the inlet and the outlet. An elongated media tube is provided in surrounding relation to the heat transfer tube. A rotary shaft is mounted axially within the heat transfer tube. The rotary shaft has an outer surface and one or more scraper blades extending from the outer surface of the rotary shaft. A drive end containment shroud is mounted at an axial end of the heat transfer tube. The drive end containment shroud has a closed end, an open end, and a sidewall defining a drive chamber in open communication with the interior chamber of the heat transfer tube through the open end of the containment shroud.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dryer apparatus for fiber webs (10), such as webs of natural fiber, synthetic fiber and the like. The apparatus comprises a rotating dryer cylinder (1), the interior of which is provided with elements (8) for injecting hot heat-transfer fluid against the inner cylinder surface and for discharging if from the cylinder interior. The invention relates also to a method for heating a cylinder by injecting hot heat-transfer fluid against the inner surface of the heating cylinder.

Abstract: A honeycomb regenerator for receiving a waste heat in an exhaust gas by passing an exhaust gas and a gas to be heated alternately therethrough, which is constructed by stacking a plurality of honeycomb structural bodies, is disclosed. In the honeycomb regenerator according to the invention, cell open rates of the honeycomb structural bodies positioned at an inlet portion of the exhaust gas and at an inlet portion of the gas to be heated are larger than those of the honeycomb structural bodies positioned at a center portion.

Abstract: A honeycomb regenerator for recovering waste heat from exhaust gas, comprises a stacked assembly including at least one first honeycomb body and at least one second honeycomb body stacked thereon, the first honeycomb body being formed of an anti-corrosive material, and the at least one second honeycomb body being formed of a material having a main phase of cordierite. The stacked assembly has an inlet for hot gas and an inlet for cold gas, such that the cold gas flows along a direction opposite the hot gas. Further, the at least one second honeycomb body is provided downstream of the at least one first honeycomb body along a gas flow direction of the hot gas. Accordingly, the at least one first honeycomb body receives the hot gas during flow thereof, while the at least one second honeycomb body receives the cold gas during flow thereof.

Abstract: A continuous boiling apparatus (1) for organic materials, e.g., fish or offal from abattoirs, comprises at least one annular boiling zone (15) with an inlet opening (13) for the raw material and a discharge opening (4) for the heat-treated raw material. The annular boiling zone (15) is defined by circular, con-centric heating plates (5), each made up of circular, con-centric parts (6, 7) between which a heating medium is introduced (8). In the boiling zone (15) there are provided a number of feeding elements (10) with self-regulating scrapers (16) which lie up against heating surfaces (6) and divide the boiling zone (15) into sub-zones.

Abstract: A hexagonal refractory brick is constructed with tapered sides so it can be stacked 3-on-1 and 1-on-3, the bottom surface of the brick fitting between projections on the top surfaces of three others. A central vertical channel in the brick is complemented by other vertical channels formed by the assembly of a plurality of bricks, and horizontal channels which are relatively wide at the bottom.

Abstract: A regenerative thermal oxidizer is provided with a combustion chamber and a plurality of heat transfer columns. Heat transfer media within the columns include solid surfaces which define vapor flow passages. To permit higher volumetric vapor flow rates nearer the combustion chamber, the passages are larger in cross-sectional area and the solid surfaces have less total surface area in those portions of the heat transfer media nearer the combustion chamber than in those portions away from the combustion chamber. The larger cross-sectional area of the passages and reduced area of the solid surfaces decreases the resistance to vapor flow and allows the passages to accommodate the higher volumetric flow rate of the vapor stream passing through the hotter portions of the heat transfer media.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprising (a) a hollow, cylindrical roller mounted on its longitudinal axis for rotation about said axis; (b) a manifold positioned in the hollow interior of said roller, said manifold comprising (b1) a central pipe which extends axially along the longitudinal axis of said roller, (b2) a plurality of spoke pipes, wherein said spoke pipes are in communication with said central pipe and with the hollow interior of said roller; (c) a supply means for introducing a heat exchange fluid into said central pipe; and (d) a discharge means for removing said heat exchange fluid from the hollow interior of said roller, so that said heat exchange fluid is sequentially introduced to said central pipe, transferred through said central pipe and then through said spoke pipes, so as to exit said spoke pipes and collide against the inside surface of said roller, thereafter turbulently mixing with the entire mass of said heat exchange fluid contained within the substantially full roller, and thereafter withdraw

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylindrical, refractory, hollow brick having tapered wall surfaces in the corner region.

Abstract: A method is provided for heating a gas in a regenerator with a heat accumulation mass consisting of a loose bulk material arranged in a ring between two coaxial cylindrical grids, a hot collection chamber, surrounded by the inner hot grid, for the hot gases and a cold collection chamber, enclosed between the outer cold grid, on the one hand, and the wall of the regenerator, on the other hand, for the cold gases, wherein the increase in the head loss during the heating phase is at least 5 times as great as the product .rho..g.H, in which H is the height of the regenerator, .rho. is the density of the gas at a temperature of 20.degree. C. and g is the acceleration due to gravity, and the gas flow rate is at least equal to 300 m.sup.3 N/h.m.sup.2 of surface area of the hot grid at standard pressure.

Abstract: A refractory system for a reactor for producing carbon black. The system comprises a plurality of refractory bricks having an elongate axis arranged to provide at least one path through which a gas can flow. The path extends substantially perpendicular to the elongate axis and a plurality of the refractory bricks present a cross-sectional aspect to the gas How which decreases, in the downstream direction, from a maximum aspect to reduce dead regions in gas flow adjacent the refractory bricks.

Abstract: A method of transferring heat between a feed material and a heat exchange fluid employs a heat exchanger comprising (a) a hollow, cylindrical roller mounted on its longitudinal axis for rotation about said axis; (b) a manifold positioned in the hollow interior of said roller, said manifold comprising (b1) a central pipe which extends axially along the longitudinal axis of said roller, (b2) a plurality of spoke pipes, wherein said spoke pipes are in communication with said central pipe and with the hollow interior of said roller; (c) a supply means for introducing a heat exchange fluid into said central pipe; and (d) a discharge means for removing said heat exchange fluid from the hollow interior of said roller, so that said heat exchange fluid is sequentially introduced to said central pipe, transferred through said central pipe and then through said spoke pipes, so as to exit said spoke pipes and collide against the inside surface of said roller, thereafter turbulently mixing with the entire mass of said hea

Abstract: An interlocking checker brick used to form a checkerwork for use in recovering heat in thermal regenerators and recuperators. The checker brick is made of a refractory material and comprises a rectangular top, a rectangular base, two side walls and two end walls. The end walls each have a generally trapezoidal shape and therefore each side wall has at least a section forming an acute angle with respect to the base. The preferred brick has spaced side walls each of which includes top and bottom sections adjacent to and perpendicular to top and bottom surfaces respectively. Each side wall also includes a central section flaring outwardly and downwardly from its top to its bottom section. Checkerworks utilizing these bricks are arranged to improve the amount of exposed brick surface that acts as a thermal surface and to increase turbulence while reducing laminar flow during alternating cycles of flowing gases and air. A method and apparatus for making the preferred brick is also disclosed.

Abstract: An interlocking checker brick used to form a checkerwork for use in recovering heat in thermal regenerators and recuperators. The checker brick is made of a refractory material and comprises a rectangular top, a rectangular base, two side walls and two end walls. The end walls have a trapezoidal shape and therefore each side wall forms an acute angle with respect to the base. This provides a brick that tapers in thickness from the base to the top and is trapezoidal in cross section. Checkerworks utilizing these bricks are arranged to improve the amount of exposed brick surface that acts as a thermal surface and to increase turbulence while reducing laminar flow during alternating cycles of flowing gases and air.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polishing doctor blade for resurfacing the surface of a metal calendering roll while in operation, comprising a working surface containing diamond abrasive particles harder than the surface material.

Abstract: A refractory brick for a glass fusion furnace includes a triangular hollow-prism type brick body (1) having a flow passage (1c) formed so as to extend between two opposite ends of the brick. The flow passage (1c) has a substantially triangular cross-section.

Abstract: A refractory brick segment for use in a heat regenerator is made of an electrocast refractory material in the shape of a tube. The brick segment has a wall thickness of from 35 mm to 75 mm and a substantially rectangular cross-section. All of an inner side wall, an outer side wall and a corner wall have concave portions so as to have a total volume which is from 0.4 times or more to 0.85 times or less as large as that of a corresponding brick segment having no concave portions and a surface area per volume unit which is 1.5 times or more as large as that of a corresponding brick segment having no concave portions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided, whereby chocolate or other confection may be hardened by coming into contact with one or more confectionary rolls that have a cooling fluid supplied to the interior of the rolls. The cooling fluid causes the rolls to operate at a higher temperature than that of the confectionary medium being treated. Generally the rolls have depressions in their periphery for forming the shape of the confectionary. Inside the roll or rolls, there are provided a plurality of cooling zones at different locations preferably spaced axially along the roll from the cooling fluid inlet end of the roll. These zones may vary so as to be progressively smaller in an axial direction, as measured axially from the cooling fluid inlet end of the roll. Valving or other means are provided for controlling the flow of cooling fluid to each of the zones, preferably individually for each zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to the regenerators of glass melting furnaces. It relates more particularly to a ceramic element for equipping regenerators of glass melting furnaces, having at least one vertical wall, the mean thickness of which is at the most 40 mm, characterized by the presence, on at least one face of this vertical wall, of a plurality of obstacles forming an integral part of the element, the protrusion of the obstacles relative to the base surface of the wall being at least 5 mm, the ratio of the distance separating two consecutive obstacles in the vertical direction to the said protrusion being comprised between 3 and 15, and the angle x formed by the obstacle with the base surface of the wall in the given direction of movement of the fumes and the angle y formed by the obstacle with the base surface of the wall in the given direction of movement of the air to be heated being such that x is less than or equal to y. Application in the glass industry.

Abstract: In a refractory brick assembly for a heat regenerator, a plurality of brick units are assembled so as to form many long vertical gas flow passages. Each outer wall of the brick units has four corner portions each of which has a plurality of convex and concave strips. That can engage with each other so as to hold the brick units due to the friction between them. A high projection is formed on at least one of the inner and outer walls for producing a turbulent flow.

Abstract: A checker brick has a plurality of walls intersecting at a plurality of spaced intersections. Four walls extend outwardly from each intersection in equidistantly-spaced relationship to one another. One of the four walls at each intersection is a common wall that extends between adjacent intersections. The other three walls at each intersection are independent walls. Mating projections and recesses are provided on the opposite surfaces of the brick at the intersections for interlocking bricks stacked in tiers.

Abstract: In a heat regenerator, a unit body of a refractory unit has an upper end surface (1a), a lower end surface (1b), an outer wall (1c), an inner wall (1d) and a flow passage (7) which is formed by the inner wall (1c) and extends between both end surfaces (1a, 1b). The outer wall (1c) includes a series of concave and convex strips (4). The inner wall (1d) includes a series of concave and convex strips (5).

Abstract: A prismatic tubular brick of refractory material for constructing the checkerwork structure of regenerative furnaces, the brick having mirror image top and bottom surfaces and a central passage extending therebetween. Two pairs of opposed parallel side walls of uniform thickness having aligned recesses in the top and bottom surfaces thereof, are connected together by angle portions at their adjacent corner edges. The top and bottom surfaces of the angle portions are elevated with respect to the recessed top and bottom surfaces of the side walls and are of similar size and shape. Accordingly, the elevated and recessed surfaces of one brick cooperate with the elevated and recessed surfaces of another brick to interlock the bricks together in an offset stacked arrangement.

Abstract: A checkerwork for two upright regeneration chambers of a glass melting furnace defines a multiplicity of adjacently arranged vertical passages alternatingly providing upwardly directed fresh air flow and downwardly directed exhaust flow, the passages being connected by vertically spaced openings producing air turbulence, and the vertical distance between vertically adjacent openings becoming progressively smaller towards the uppermost checkerwork region.

Abstract: A rotary regenerative heat exchanger is particularly adapted for use in exchanging heat from a hot gas entering the heat exchanger at a temperature in the range of 2000.degree.-3000.degree. F. to low temperature air to be heated. An upper rotor and a lower rotor are supported concentrically about a rotor post mounted for rotation successively through the hot gas and air flows at a vertical axis. The hot gas enters and the heated air exits through the top of the heat exchanger, while the cooled gas exits and the cold air to be heated enters through the bottom of the heat exchanger. The upper rotor houses ceramic heat absorbent blocks adapted to withstand the high temperatures existing in the upper portion of the heat exchanger, while the low rotor houses typical metallic element suitable for use at more moderate temperatures.

Abstract: A chequer brick of cruciform shape is provided for the chequerwork of vertical cowpers along with methods of stacking the cruciform shaped chequer brick. The chequer bricks each comprise two cross beams or cross-members of the same length, but having different widths, each cross-member having four conduits arranged at the four points of the cross along with an additional centrally located conduit. The chequer bricks are laid one on top of the other such that the recesses and the intersections between the cross beams form vertical passageways. The particular cruciform shape of the filler bricks of the present invention provides the generation of high tubulance in the passageways passing through the chequerwork while at the same time increasing the heating surface of the chequerwork.

Abstract: A checkerwork in a horizontal regenerator chamber of a regeneratively fired furnace, comprising an array of horizontally and vertically adjacent hollow prismatic bricks of refractory material, the bricks being arrayed in horizontal and vertical rows, and each brick having a horizontally extending longitudinal axis, a rectangular periphery and an axially extending bore of a rectangular cross section.

Abstract: A refractory brick is installed in a transfer flue with vertical orifices disposed between, on the one hand, the regenerators or recuperators and, on the other hand, the combustion chambers of industrial gas-fired systems, particularly a coke oven. The refractory brick has parallel surfaces and the length of the orifices in the brick is at least six times their diameter. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the orifices is from 0.75 to 1.5 times the flow cross section of the upwardly-inclined portion of the transfer flue. The cross sections of the orifices can be cylindrical or elliptical. The orifices can be longitudinal slots whose cross-sectional areas are bounded by semicircles and whose cross-sectional length is not greater than three times the diameter of the semicircles.

Abstract: A prismatic brick of refractory material for the checker work in chambers of a glass melting furnace, the brick having an octagonal bottom surface, an octagonal top surface, a longitudinal axis extending between the surfaces, a through passage of tetragonal cross section between the surfaces and coaxial with the longitudinal axis, inner walls defining the through passage, outer walls between the surfaces, the walls being parallel to the longitudinal axis, the bottom and top surfaces extending along major axes, one of the surfaces having elevated portions and the other surface having corresponding depressed portions extending in the direction of the major axes, and a passage extending from the through passage to a respective one of the outer walls from at least one of the inner walls.

Abstract: Regenerator packing members are constructed and arranged to form tapered passageways interconnecting regenerator flues to induce transverse flow of gas between flues for increased heat transfer. A preferred embodiment includes parallelepiped bricks arranged in an open basketweave pattern, with spaces between brick ends and side faces defining the tapered passageways.

Abstract: A heat exchange structure is constructed from refractory blocks having three linearly aligned flue-forming openings extending from top to bottom of the block. The central opening is surrounded on four sides by refractory and the two end openings are surrounded on three sides. These refractory shapes are assembled in an open basketweave structure to form the heat exchanger. The resulting structure contains vertically extending, interconnected flues of two types, (1) flues of a first type interconnected at alternate layers in the structure to each of the four contiguously adjacent flues and (2) flues of a second type connected to opposed pairs of contiguously adjacent flues at alternate levels and to the other pair of contiguously adjacent flues at the intermediate levels. The net result is a stable heat exchange structure with relatively thin walls, relatively large flues, and means for creating turbulence in gas passing through the exchanger, thus increasing the rate of heat exchange.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention an apparatus and method are provided for curing resin-coated particles on a heated rotating surface. A single layer coating of uncured resin-coated particles is fed to the heated rotating surface. As the surface continues to rotate the uncured resin-coated particles become tacky and adhere to the rotating surface. The tack adhesion prevents the pull of gravity from separating the particles from the surface as rotation continues. Proper curing of the particles occurs on the heated rotating surface before one complete revolution is made by the surface. Cured particles are removed by a stationary scraper blade edge which rides the rotating surface and wedges between the adhering particles and the surface as the surface rotates past the edge.

Abstract: A freely diagonally staggered regenerator lattice structure includes successive courses of rows of rectangular runner bricks and courses of rows of rectangular header bricks. Each header brick has formed in opposite side surfaces thereof recesses extending from a lower surface thereof to an upper surface thereof. The height of each header brick is 55 to 60% of the sum of the height of header brick and the height of a runner brick. The height of each runner brick is 40 to 45% of such sum. The header bricks of upper courses may have end projections which fit into recesses in the runner bricks of the next lower course of runner bricks.

Abstract: A grid lining of chambers of a glass melting furnace comprises a plurality of refractory bricks, each brick having a bottom surface, a top surface, a longitudinal axis extending between the surfaces, a through passage of tetragonal cross-section coaxial with the longitudinal axis, the passage having a hydraulic diameter of 120 to 200 mm, the hydraulic diameter being defined by the relationship: four times the passage cross-section divided by the periphery of the passage cross-section, and the ratio of the hydraulic diameter to the wall thickness of the brick, as measured in the direction of the main axes extending parallel to the bottom and/or top surface between 3 and 5.

Abstract: A plurality of knives (100) carried by driven means (36) to travel in circular paths along an inside, cylindrical freezing surface (16) of a refrigerated double-walled drum (12) to remove salt water ice formed thereon. A substantially flat lower surface (122) extends along the bottom of a knife leading section (106) and a substantially flat lower surface (124) extends along the bottom of a knife trailing section (108). In a direction transversely to the length of knife (100), the leading and trailing lower surfaces (122, 124) are disposed substantially normal to the drum freezing surface (16), and in the direction extending rearwardly along the length of knife (100), the leading lower surface (122) is inclined slightly downwardly from the horizontal while the trailing lower surface (124) is inclined downwardly at an angle substantially greater than the angle of inclination of the lower leading surface (122).

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a rapidly cooled solidified slag, which comprises: a pair of cooling drums, the peripheral surfaces of said pair of cooling drums being in contact with each other and rotating in directions opposite to each other at the same peripheral speed; a pair of weirs provided at the both ends of said pair of cooling drums so as to be in contact with the both ends of said pair of cooling drums, said pair of weirs forming a slag sump in cooperation with the upper half of the peripheral surface of each of said pair of cooling drums, and a molten slag being poured into said slag sump; a pair of gas nozzles provided adjacent the peripheral surface of each of said pair of cooling drums, said pair of gas nozzles uniformly ejecting a gas onto the molten slag, which has been deposited on the surface of said pair of cooling drums in said slag sump, to blow part of said molten slag back into said slag sump, thereby uniformly reducing the thickness of said molten slag deposited on the peripheral sur

Abstract: A high efficiency checker brick for use in a coke oven regenerator. A unique configuration is disclosed which results in the brick having rows of longitudinal slots with vertically corrugated surfaces. The front and rear side surfaces are similarly corrugated, and separator surfaces are provided to space the brick from other bricks so that other vertical gas conveying slots are formed. Although the disclosed brick has an unusually large surface area, it has adequate mass and structural strength and may be manufactured by the economically attractive re-press or dry press methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are checker tiles for regenerative heating stoves, each tile having the general shape of a parallelepiped, the preferred tile being square in plan, having apertures extending through the tiles and having complementary ribs and grooves extending on the ends of the tile between adjacent apertures to interlock the tiles with contiguous end-abutting tiles and prevent substantial lateral movement thereof when the tiles are arranged in stacked overlapping relation.Also disclosed is supporting means for checker tiles providing for low friction and preferential sliding of horizontal contacting surfaces to permit lateral relative movement between the lowermost course of tiles and supporting means that avoids damage to tiles on dimensional changes of the tiles or supporting means due to temperature changes in operation of the stove.

Abstract: An improved heat transfer system of the helical screw type, including endless loop guided volute passage driven scraping means for continuously cleaning the helical screw heat transfer member to prevent the build-up of workable material on an outer surface of the helical screw, while at the same time minimizing the power necessary for rotating the helical screw.

Abstract: In an apparatus for treating a layer of material, particularly in a number of successive thermal treatment phases with different treatment temperatures and durations, for carrying out at least two successive treatment phases, there is provided a roller with a roller shell, on to the outer wall of which the layer of material is applied, and which is rotatably mounted about a stationary carrier. Mounted on the carrier are a number of heat-conducting lines at least equal to the number of treatment phases to be carried out. The lines extend parallel to the roller shell and are mounted behind one another in the direction of rotation of the roller shell. They comprise elements which are connected to feed ducts for tempered media and each carry a tempered or cooled medium towards the inner wall of the roller shell.

Abstract: An improved doctoring knife for drum dryers and flakers of the type in which a product is deposited on a rotating drum and removed by action of the doctoring knife against the drum is disclosed. The improved doctoring knife is comprised of a series of knife blocks each having a cutting edge wherein the knife blocks are positioned adjacent to one another so that when the cutting edge of the knife block contacts the drum its bottom face will be in a plane substantially tangent to the line defined when the cutting edge contacts the drum. When a cutting edge is damaged the knife block containing the damaged edge can be removed and reground while undamaged knife blocks remain in position.

Abstract: Regenerator checkerbrick for a blast furnace stove system embody a hexagonal configuration. A central flow space for a heat exchange medium has six planar wall surfaces. An array of outer flow spaces each have six planar wall surfaces, one of which is parallel with a wall surface of the central flow space. All walls are uniformly thick and the external walls have a thickness about one-half the thickness of the internal walls.

Abstract: A gas-cooled steel skirt is used to support a refractory cored brick matrix and dome structure in a high temperature regenerative air heater useful in magnetohydrodynamic power generation. The steel skirt thermally expands to accommodate the thermal expansion of the dome structure despite substantial temperature differential thereby reducing relative movement between the dome bricks. Gas cooling of the steel skirt allows the structure to operate above its normal temperature during clean-out cycles and also allows for the control of the thermal expansion of the steel skirt.

Abstract: A regenerative heat exchange system comprises a multiplicity of refractory members laid in adjacent parallel rows to form one course in the system, each refractory member being so shaped such that the adjacent refractory members of one row co-operate to form a gas passageway or duct through that first course, the refractory members of an adjacent course being similarly arranged in parallel rows with the refractory members turned through 90.degree. with respect to the refractory members of the first row and being offset therefrom, the adjacent members in each row in the second course again cooperating to form a gas passageway or duct through the adjacent course, each gas passageway or duct in the adjacent course constituting a continuation of a respective gas passageway or duct in the said one course.