Abstract: A firefighting nozzle includes a nozzle body having a having a centrally formed jet orifice at its outlet end. An annular fog spray opening concentrically surrounds the jet orifice. A jet control valve activated by a trigger is provided for allowing selective variation of the diameter of the solid stream emitted from the jet orifice. A fog control valve activated by a twist handle is provided for selectively varying the intensity of the discharge from the fog spray opening. The jet control valve and the fog control valve are operable independently of and simultaneously with one another, so that either a variable diameter solid stream or a variable fog cone, or both, can be produced at once.

Abstract: A fog producing firefighting tool has a nozzle which includes a plurality of apertures oriented so that when pressurized fluid flows through each aperture, the liquid impacts at an angle of 90 degrees with another stream of liquid to atomize the liquid and create a fog. The firefighting tool is of modular construction which includes a first member, one or more intermediate members, and an end member wherein the members are connected to each other by means of quick coupler devices which can be readily locked into coupled relationship and will not interfere with the usage of the tool when it is forced into or removed from a hole in a structure.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for delivering compressed particulate solid fire fighting agent includes a pneumatic system for entraining particulate fire fighting agent in a high pressure gas stream, compressing the agent into quasi-discrete quasi-solid slugs, and delivering the compressed slugs in a constant stream at a high rate of speed to the center of the fire being fought from a safe distance. The system includes a high pressure gas supply, a pressure regulator, a pressure compensator, a pressure sink, an agent storage vessel, and a multi-stage delivery nozzle including a pressure imbalance mechanism. Particulate agent is sequentially compressed in the multiple nozzle stages by virtue of a pulsating gas supply effect, and ejected in a constant stream of solid slugs at speeds near or above Mach 1.

Abstract: An explosion suppression system wherein a photodetector (10), a capacitor circuit (12) and a detonator (14) provide an initiation signal to a dispersion tube (18). The dispersion tube includes a casing (20) having orifices (26), an inner tube (28) where the explosion suppressant is stored, and a propellant cord (34) that is located between the storage casing and the inner tube. In response to the initiation signal, the explosion suppressant is expelled from the orifices (26) and through nozzles (27) to form a controlled spray pattern to quench initial flame in a fuel tank before there is time for a damaging pressure rise.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing device has a storage tank for a low-boiling liquefied gas which serves as the extinguishing agent. At least one connection line is equipped with a shut-off valve and an outlet nozzle leading from the storage tank into the area to be protected. A fire monitoring device which actuates the shut-off valve has sensors in the area to be protected. A cryo-compressor is located in the head space of the storage tank connected with an external cooling mechanism.

Abstract: The method and apparatus of this invention provides a cannon-like device for projecting a sheath of fire extinguishing particles rapidly upwardly along a flaming oil and/or gas stream gushing up from an oil and/or gas well. The sheath instantaneously insulates the oil and/or gas in the stream from the surrounding atmosphere to freeze the flame at the tip of the sheath and shield the stream within the sheath from contact with the flaming oil and/or gas above and around the stream of oil and/or gas enclosed within the sheath until all of the already flaming oil and/or gas has been burned out. The method for eliminating the flames above the outlet of an oil well is accomplished by separating the oil and/or gas stream flowing from the oil and/or gas well from the flames by producing a sheath of fire extinguishing material, driven by an explosive charge into a position to surround and separate the oil and/or gas stream from the flames.

Abstract: A transport unit for transporting fire fighting hoses, explosive materials, equipment or other items, the unit having a projectile launcher including a pressure tank providing a compressed gas chamber, and a projectile barrel mounted on the tank in fluid communication with the interior of the tank, a projectile positioned in the barrel, a hose or other line connected at one end to the projectile launcher and adapted for connection at its other end to the projectile, the line being adapted for connection to a pressurized fire fighting or explosive fluid source, or the line being comprised of an explosive material, the compressed gas chamber adapted to provide launching force to the projectile upon actuation of the launcher.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extinguishing fires by simultaneously applying a spray of dry powder and liquid/liquid-foam, including a nozzle for the simultaneous spray of powder and liquid.

Abstract: A fire protection apparatus includes spray nozzles oriented specifically adjacent engines associated with transport vehicles. The transport vehicles each include engine conduits for quick coupling to fire extinguishing agent conduits to permit remote coupling to a vehicle directing fire extinguishing agents such as halon gas and carbon dioxide to the engine for extinguishment of an associated fire.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing tool is formed as a paddle plate, including top and bottom planar surfaces coextensive relative to one another, with a handle mounted medially and longitudinally aligned relative to the plate to provide a grasping surface for an individual to direct the plate onto flames by smothering such flames preventing oxygen access to the flame area. A modification of the invention includes a central conduit directed through the plate, with a bottom surface of the plate including a matrix of valves directed therethrough, with the handle defining a pneumatic reservoir for directing an inert gas through the bottom surface upon impacting of flames in a fire extinguishing situation.

Abstract: A ground and airborne system and method for fighting high rise building fires uses a ground based pump such as a mobile pumper vehicle with its inlet connected to a source of fire retardant material such as water. A rotary wing aircraft is provided with another pump, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the pumper through a flexible hose. The aircraft carries one or two extendable booms with nozzles affixed to the ends thereof. The booms are connected to the outlet of the airborne pump. The aircraft is manuevered to the floor at which the fire is located. The boom or booms are extended beyond the rotor tips and the ground and airborne pumps are operated to direct water into the floor at which the fire is located to extinguish or contain the fire until a fire crew can arrive at the scene.

Abstract: The application of sand combined with sandblasting extinguishes oil and gas fires by cutting off oxygen, cooling the area and stopping the fuel supply. Sand mixed with soda ash converts to glass to smother high temperature fires. Sandblasting controls flames while a fire is smothered by mounding with sand.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward an automobile fire extinguishing device that is applicable to all modes of transportation. The present invention retains a volume of pressurized fire retarding material which is kept within the container by a trigger cap that suspends a weight within a larger tubing juncture enclosure. As the invention experiences an abnormal acceleration force from a collision, the interia of the suspended weight breaks the trigger cap and releases the fire retarding material into the tubing juncture enclosure. The tubing juncture enclosure routes the fire retarding material into a plurality of tubes that extend to various potential fire sites. Similarly, the part of the trigger cap that suspends the weight is sensitive to heat. If an abnormally high heat is incurred, the weight will buckle the cap releasing the fire retarding material.

Abstract: A linear fire extinguisher includes a high strength metal elongated tube containing a pressurized fire extinguishant such as Halon 1301. A pair of these tubes are mounted opposite each other with a pair of opposed shaped charges placed along exterior walls opposite each other so that when actuated they provide cutting lines which release the extinguishant in opposed directions so that reaction forces balance out. Concurrently the unwrapping of each container is counteracted and interfered with by the adjacent container to minimize the spread of container fragments. Appropriate intermediate retention of portions of the container is provided to also minimize fragments.

Abstract: A linear fire extinguisher of the type containing superpressurized Halon in a cylindrical container which is cut by an explosive linear shaped charge is contained in an overall housing which, in addition to preventing fragments from escaping, diverts the outflow of extinguishant to provide an equal and opposite reaction force to the momentum force of the outflow. In addition, the diversion occurs through apertures in the housing to opposed paths in directions substantially perpendicular to the reaction forces to again, nullify any forces due to this perpendicular outflow. The invention is also applicable to other container configurations where a high impulse force might occur.

Abstract: A fire control system for buildings, wherein the building is provided with a sprinkler system around the perimeter of the building. The sprinkler system sprays water inwardly against the walls, windows and doors of the building.

Abstract: A firefighter's barrier penetrator and agent injector having an extendible slide rod to guide a slide hammer to strike a penetrating body to drive its point through the barrier. The slide rod can be retracted into the body to minimize the length of the penetrator while being carried. A nozzle is slidably mounted in the body to be extendible into the structure for injection purposes, again to minimize the carrying length. Retention devices releasably hold the rod and nozzle in their retracted positions.

Abstract: The drawings and description describe a hand-portable fire fighting, positive pressure blower with water misting provisions 10 for cooling and producing positive pressure within a smoke filled space and to remove the smoke, heat and carbon dioxide from the area to facilitate extinguishment of the fire and subsequent overhauling. The blower 10 includes a portable support frame 12. An internal combustion engine 13 is mounted thereon with a drive shaft mounted propeller 18 for generating an airstream to be directed into the smoke filled space. Misting nozzles are mountable to the frame and are positioned thereon to direct a spray mist into the airstream from positions radially outward of the airstream. The nozzles are positioned in relation to the direction of propeller rotation so the spray mist will be carried over a maximum distance. The water spray mist substantially cools the airstream which then absorbs much of the heat in the area.

Abstract: A fire fighting device consisting of a jet engine, or alternatively another wind-producing mechanism, with a conduit mounted thereon, the conduit having an opening so that when water or another fire retardant is directed into the conduit, the water or other fire retardant will exit the opening and enter the jet exhaust when the jet engine is in operation. The jet exhaust will carry the water or other fire retardant for a long distance, thus enabling fire fighters to propel the water or other fire retardant to distant parts of a wildfire by aiming the jet exhaust above the fire. Preferably, the jet engine is mounted in a manner allowing rotation on horizontal and vertical axes to allow it to be aimed.

Abstract: A container fire nozzle hole adapter is provided for a wall structure having an opening. The adapter consists of a male component having a central aperture and a female component having a central hole therethrough sized to slip over the male component when the male component extends into the opening in the wall structure. The female component is mounted onto the male component within the container against the wall structure so that the adapter will be secured to the wall structure. A fire nozzle can be inserted into the central aperture of the male component for extinguishing a fire within the container.

Abstract: A portable water driven fan for firefighting applications utilizing positive pressure ventilation is disclosed. A unit including a water powered turbine and a fan is constructed to be light in weight and compact and is capable of delivering a large volume of air sufficient for positive pressure ventilation. The unit is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles which enables the unit to deliver a water mist along with the air.

Abstract: Control apparatus for selectively generating and converting control input information into controlling output for position and movement of controlled apparatus. The controlled apparatus includes a fluid discharge device comprising a nozzle disposed for vertical and horizontal movement.

Abstract: A rescue craft includes a self-propelled car or elevator type of flying machine for rescuing persons from high-rise buildings, during fires, or other emergencies. The craft is powered by fan-jet engines capable of lifting the unit in vertical take-offs. A cable attached to a ground structure is used to control the craft and facilitate descent to ground level. An internal guidance system provides 360.degree. maneuverability around the cable and facilitates docking against the sides of buildings, etc. The ground structure comprises a flat-bed tractor/trailer equipped to transport the craft to the scene of an emergency. The ground structure is fully self-contained with diesel power, a winch for the cable, lighting, refueling capability, and is fully ballasted and outrigged and capable of launching and receiving the rescue craft.

Abstract: A gas regulator includes a housing having a high pressure chamber with an inlet passage thereto, a low pressure chamber with an outlet passage therefrom, and an orifice extending between the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber. The low pressure chamber is open at one end and an enclosed bonnet is mounted on the housing across the open end of the low pressure chamber. A movable pressure sensing/control element is mounted across the open end of the low pressure chamber and separates the low pressure chamber from the bonnet. The bonnet is filled with a gas under pressure which applies a force onto one side of the pressure sensing/control element. A valve plug is in the high pressure chamber and is connected to the pressure sensing/control element so as to be movable toward and away from the orifice to open and close the regulator. A spring is connected to the pressure sensing/control element so as to apply a force thereto opposite to the force applied by the gas in the bonnet.

Abstract: A fan system for use in firefighting applications employing positive pressure ventilation includes a lightweight portable fan having a water-powered turbine as its driver. A flow control valve is operable to set the system to operate in a plurality of modes including a mode wherein an air stream and a water mist can be directed toward the fire.

Abstract: A dispensing tool for use with dry chemical fire extinguishers utilizes an elongated wand bent near the discharge end through which the chemical is delivered. A dispersion baffle is affixed at the outlet of the wand to deflect the chemical radially. A horn surrounds the baffle and redirects the chemical in a dispersed stream onto a fire at a much lowered velocity such that the impact of the chemical on the burning material does not dislodge sparks or embers which lead to secondary fires.

Abstract: A chimney fire extinguisher includes a small diameter narrow conduit removably insertable through a small aperture in a chimney wall. A source of fire extinguishate under pressure is coupled to one end of the conduit for delivery of the extinguishate through the conduit. A sprinkler head is fixed to the opposite end of the conduit for insertion through the chimney wall aperture. The sprinkler head comprises an enclosed chamber, a restrictor for restricting the flow of extinguishate from the conduit into the chamber, a small orifice for spraying extinguishate from the chamber into the chimney and a fusible seal for normally sealing the sprinkler head orifice. In an alternate embodiment the sprinkler head orifice is not sealed but is only loosely covered. A temperature sensor is provided for sensing the temperature within the chimney. A valve which is opened in response to the detection of chimney temperatures in excess of about 1200.degree. F.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing devices are designed to extinguish specific classes of fires. Fire extinguishing streams are being planned and being fixed to combat a kind of fire in a fixed state of burning. The invention, a venturi activated tube extinguishes fire in its changing states of burning, in its stages of development and composition. The ejector tube is designed to discharge extinguishing streams with sonic velocities continuously counterbalanced by suction flows at sonic speed along the center axis of the hollow tube. The heat of the damaging fire regulates the densities of the unified discharge and suction flows. Combined forces of pressure and suction increase the capacity of this invention to combat fire. The ejector tube is self-adjusting and self-cleaning. The ring orifice reacts under overthrust pressures to discharge flow obstructing solids automatically.

Abstract: A safe entry apparatus is mountable in a first compartment on a wall separating the first compartment from a second compartment. The apparatus is provided for receiving a nozzle to permit a fluid from the nozzle to be transferred into the second compartment. The apparatus includes a housing having first end, a second end, and a passageway extending between the first end and the second end. A nozzle receiver is disposed adjacent to the second end of the housing for receiving the nozzle. The nozzle receiver includes a cavity into which the end of the nozzle can be inserted. The cavity is in fluid communication with the passageway. A pair of gate members are mounted to the housing and are movable between a nozzle releasing position to permit the nozzle to be received into the cavity, and a nozzle engaging position for gripping the nozzle to secure the nozzle in the cavity.

Abstract: A method and product for use in smothering a nuclear fire resulting from an accident in a nuclear plant comprises the discharging onto the fire liquified inert gas, e.g. argon, so the gas will block the flow of oxygen to the fire. The liquified argon may be contained in reinforced allantoidal casings.

Abstract: A special self-erecting portable sprinkler is provided to effectively and efficiently fight fires in oil refineries, petrochemical plants, and the like from a remote safe position.

Abstract: A device capable of perforating strong walls, then of injecting a fluid through the same walls, is described. The device is intended essentially for intervention crews such as personnel assigned to maintain order or fire-fighters. The perforator-injector has a piston (1) which can be displaced in a cylinder (2,3) under the influence of a power fluid under high pressure. In order to increase the perforating power without inducing a too great initial recoil, the perforator-injector is equipped with a percussion mass (4) which is interposed between the head (1b) of the piston and a source of power fluid under high pressure. This mass is initially kept at a distance from the head of the piston and is capable of sliding in the cylinder (2,3).

Abstract: A fire-fighting tool having a perforated pointed forward end is designed to automatically maintain its water-emitting portions in place within the interior of a burning building, without manual attention thereto, after the wall or roof of such a building have been pierced with same. Rearwardly directed ports are carefully arranged so as to produce non-intersecting streams of water. These ports emit water under high pressure when the pointed heavy tool is attached to a fire hose and serve to extinguish the fire at the inner surface of the outside wall, and at the same time prevent the tool from being ejected rearwardly, which would be the normal result of the passage of water under high pressure from the fire hose through such a tool.

Abstract: A fire extinguisher has an elongated manifold for discharging water on a chimney fire and is protectively secured within an opened face cage. The top has a threaded opening for a connection to a water hose and pointed bottom end for a ram head. An elongated bore extending from the hose connection feeds water to a plurality of lateral channels with openings on the outside of the manifold. A plurality of spray nozzles mounted in the openings are arranged to discharge a spray mist from the nozzles peripherally about the chimney wall. When lowered or dropped within a chimney the manifold pointed end penetrates the ignited mass of creosote while spraying a water mist to quench the fire.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a firefighting nozzle forming a generally sphere-like water spray pattern. The nozzle includes a coupler for coupling the nozzle to a water delivery hose. The nozzle also includes a plurality of rings for forming a spray-like pattern. The ring includes a central ring positioned generally transverse to the water flow direction. A first group of nested and conical rings is positioned rearwardly of the ring and the surfaces of all successively rearwardly positioned rings sloping increasingly rearwardly. A second group of nested and conical rings is positioned forwardly of the central rings. The ring surfaces of successively forwardly positioned rings sloping increasingly forwardly. Each of the rings in the first and second group have a plurality of substantially radial water directing and fog forming slots, each of which has angularly shaped corner surfaces for creating turbulence.In addition, there is disclosed an elongated nozzle for extending the nozzle into a room or space.

Abstract: A mist generating nozzle has a cylindrical bearing member in which a plurality of distribution slots are formed. A cylindrical sleeve member is concentrically disposed about the bearing member, with an annular chamber defined therebetween. The sleeve member has a plurality of orifices communicating with the annular chamber and which extend transversely with respect to the radius of the sleeve member for imparting rotational motion to the sleeve member in response to the discharge of water through the orifices. The centrifugal force acting on the water discharged through the orifices particulates the water droplets into a fine mist or fog, in a substantially spiral pattern around the nozzle. In another aspect of the invention, the mist generating nozzle is incorporated into a firefighting tool, which includes a piercing member for penetrating a building structure.

Abstract: A module for use in a fire extinguishing system and comprising a housing which contains detector apparatus for detecting characteristics of a fire or an incipient fire; control apparatus adapted to be actuated by detection at the detector apparatus; and fire extinguishing apparatus adapted to be discharged by the control apparatus.

Abstract: A fire fighting tool is described which is capable of both penetrating the wall of an enclosure, and dispensing a fire fighting agent into the interior of the enclosure. A drill bit or other penetrating device is carried at the forward end of an elongate shaft which is connected at its rear end to a drill motor or other appropriate actuating device. The shaft is surrounded by a barrel which receives a fluid fire fighting agent and includes a series of outlet openings at its forward end through which the agent is dispensed. The shaft is thus surrounded and cooled by the agent during the penetration operation. A leaky bearing is provided at the forward end of the barrel, and is specially configured along with the shaft and drill bit to induce a leakage of agent through the bearing and onto the bit and surrounding enclosure wall during drilling, thereby cooling the various parts and lessening the risk of an explosion. The barrel is designed to hold the tool in place once it has been inserted into the enclosure.

Abstract: This apparatus is designed for automotive vehicles, and enables the employment of a vehicle's engine exhaust to be used to put out fires. Primarily, it consists of a flexible hose with a nozzle or cone at one end for the exhaust gas of the engine to be directed onto a fire, and the other end of the hose is secured to a selector valve attached to the tail pipe portion of the engine's exhaust system, so as to divert the exhaust gas for fire fighting. The apparatus includes a water spray collar at the rear of the nozzle which is supplied from a water source to cool the nozzle, and the nozzle includes a handle for a user to hold it.

Abstract: The invention is a fire suppression system for an aircraft 10 of the type having a main cabin compartment 12, such as a passenger compartment and a plurality of closable or closed-off subcompartments. These subcompartments can be any area which is separated by fixed structure from the main cabin and therefore are normally not accessible. The fire suppression system comprises a plurality of ducts 57 coupling a plurality of subcompartments 14, 15, 22 to the main compartment. The plurality of ducts 57 have first ends of the ducts 57 terminate in nozzles 58 within the subcompartments adapted to distribute the fire suppression chemical in a specific pattern and second ends terminating in disconnect valve halves 59 accessible from the main cabin compartment. A portable unit 30 having a tank 42 filled with a fire suppression chemical under pressure is moveable within the main compartment 12. Preferably, the fire suppression chemical is Halon stored under nitrogen gas pressure.

Abstract: The invention is a device for coupling an outlet port of a fire extinguisher containing a source of pressurized fire suppression chemical to the interior of a closed-off compartment 12 having a pierceable wall 14. The device comprises a cylinder 22 having a moveable ram portion 66 adapted to pierce the wall 14 upon the cylinder receiving the pressurized fire suppression chemical. The cylinder 22 includes first and second ends 26, 32, the first end closed off by a first wall 28, the cylinder 22 further having an inlet port 30 in proximity to the first end 26. A piston 50 is moveably mounted within the cylinder 22, forming a closed-off chamber 56 within the cylinder. The piston 50 includes a piston rod 64 coupled to the ram portion. The piston 50 further includes passages 68, 70 coupling the chamber 56 to the exterior surface of the ram portion 66.

Abstract: The danger of explosion due to decomposition of high-pressure industrial process gases, such as ethylene, is reduced by beginning to cool the decomposition gases with a delay of no more than 25 milliseconds from the onset of flow of the gases out of a high-pressure vessel.The process may be implemented by using apparatus comprising:(1) means containing an inert gas at a pressure P between about 5 and 50 bars and an inert liquid of high heat of vaporization; and(2) a valve located upstream of an inert-liquid dispersing-means, of which the opening is operated by a means detecting the opening of a safety means of the high-pressure vessel and operating the working of the dispersing means.The apparatus is useful for the recovery of decomposition gases in order to avoid atmospheric pollution, as well as for reducing the risk of explosion.

Abstract: An impeller is connected to a liquid-powered motor to be driven thereby. The impeller is of a type capable of moving a large volume of air of the order of as much as several thousand cubic meters per minute, which is ten or more times the volume of liquid used to power the motor. Some or all of the liquid applied to the motor to be transformed into mechanical energy is carried by a conduit to a point where it can suitably enter the air stream provided by the impeller. The conduit can carry the liquid to a point between the motor and the impeller so as to be picked up along with air and included in the stream forcibly projected from the impeller. Alternatively, the conduit can be routed around the impeller to discharge the liquid into the already formed air stream.

Abstract: A hollow cylindrical heavy metal body terminates at one end in a tapered impact section, while its opposite end bears a threaded hose coupling for coupling of the hollow body to the end of a water hose. A plurality of spray nozzles mounted to the cylindrical body open to the hollow interior and bear fine diameter holes for spraying water under pressure in mist form circumfertially of the body. The body may be lowered by the garden hose or the like with the impact section penetrating accumulating creosote. The water spray rapidly puts out chimney fires without extensive water damage.

Abstract: A forest fire extinguishing device comprising a projectile filled with an inert gas under pressure which is dropped into a fire and automatically disperses the gas. When the device impacts the ground, a plurality of ports are simultaneously opened, allowing the fire extinguishing material to be expelled over a prescribed area.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing device for use with a heat fusing apparatus in an electrophotocopying machine, comprising a roller movably mounted above a copy paper conveyor associated with and located downstream of the heat fusing apparatus, means for moving the roller into rolling contact with the conveyor when an abnormality is detected in the fusing apparatus during the copying operation, and means for maintaining the roller out of rolling contact with the conveyor when no abnormality in the fusing apparatus is detected during the copying operation.

Abstract: Modular fire fighting apparatus includes a power module having a turbine driven by fluid, such as water, introduced at a supply inlet to a housing for the module, a drive shaft driven by the turbine and extending from a coupling face of the housing and a fluid outlet disposed at the coupling face of the housing, and various penetrating and extinguishing tool modules each having a housing within which are disposed a fluid receiving inlet and a driven member. The penetrating and extinguishing tool modules are each adapted to be mounted on the power module such that the driven member is releasably engaged with the drive shaft and fluid supplied to the power module housing is delivered to the penetrating and extinguishing tool module housing via the fluid outlet of the power module housing and the fluid receiving inlet of the penetrating and extinguishing tool module housing.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for preventing the spontaneous combustion of a stack of stored organic and inorganic substances by injecting a control medium into selected areas of the stack. The apparatus comprises a source of a control medium such as air, steam, combustion gas or a salt solution, and injection nozzles connected to the source of control medium for injecting controlled quantities of the control medium into selected areas of the stack.