Abstract: A crawler tractor with a dozer blade and fitted with accessories to loosen the ground in the strafing pit area of an Air Force gunnery range and simultaneously remove from the ground rocks the size of a man's fist and larger and spent projectiles. The tractor is provided with an electromagnet positioned ahead of the dozer blade. Positioned to the rear of the tractor, and pivotally attached to its frame by drawbars, is a chisel bar with a plurality of chisel blades. Just ahead of the chisel bar is a rock rake having a spine from which extend a plurality of forwardly projecting tines. The rake is supported with its tines at such an angle that their tips barely scrape the surface of the earth. Ahead of the rock rake, there is a drag consisting of a section of railroad rail suspended from the drawbars of the chisel assembly at a height sufficient to just scrape the surface of the ground during operation of the tractor.

Abstract: To prevent the development of clods on the soil surface when using a soil layer cultivator for the deep loosening of a field or the like, a pressure roller is provided to travel over the soil surface rearwardly of the elements effecting the deep loosening of the soil. The pressure roller is made up of several sections mounted on a common shaft with the individual roller sections located between support posts on a frame tube which posts support the loosening elements. The roller sections may be hinged individually or in groups to the frame tube. The rollers may roll freely over the soil surface or a forced drive for the roller sections can be provided.

Abstract: A cultivating implement is intended to loosen the soil without significant distrubance of the soil surface. The implement has a frame and at least one soil working tool mounted on the frame.The tool includes a blade with a lower inclined portion and an upper upright portion which portions are interconnected by an intermediate portion.The inclined portion is moved edgewise through the ground and lies at an acute angle to the vertical to lift soil lying above the inclined portion. The intermediate portion is located in use at or below ground level.The intermediate portion may comprise a bend or the blade may be curved over the intermediate and inclined portions.The blade may be preceded by a disc arranged to cut a slot in the ground to be entered by the blade. The disc is rotatable about a horizontal axis.

Abstract: Soil conditioning apparatus having a main frame, and means coupled to the main frame for cutting and loosening compacted soil to prepare a seed bed and rooting environment, including a subsoiler coupled to the main frame and angled to be pulled downwardly into the earth below the surface to prepare a better rooting environment and seed bed and to increase water infiltration. A slot filler wheel is coupled to the main frame for filling voids in the soil left by the forward motion of the subsoiler therethrough; the slot filler wheel is mounted adjacent to and laterally spaced from the subsoiler so that a portion of the slot filler wheel may extend forwardly of the trailing face of the subsoiler. Also, the slot filler wheel may be mounted to lie in a plane of rotation which extends downwardly toward the subsoiler and inwardly toward the slot formed behind the subsoiler.

Abstract: A tillage system includes forward and rear sets of widely spaced discs and a set of plow points. The discs in the forward set are mounted at spaced intervals so as to leave alternate strips of worked and unworked soil of substantially equal width. Each disc of the rear set is mounted in a strip of soil left unworked by the forward set to complete the working of the top soil. The plow points are located in the furrows of one of the sets of discs (preferably the rear set) to permit some deep plowing. The working depths of the points and discs are independently adjustable. The system is designed for operation at high speed to provide complete coverage of the soil with minimal double working by the discs. It permits deeper penetration by the discs and a controlled amount of deeper plowing by the points while leaving a finished contour which is substantially free of ridges and furrows.

Abstract: A subsoil cultivating tool is sickel-shaped and planar with front and rear edges configured the same to facilitate manufacture. A plurality of such tools can be stamped or punched from a single sheet or plate and waste is minimized. The tool has an upper fastening portion that is mounted on an implement frame via an inclined support connected to a frame beam. The support is channeled and the fastening portion held between the two limbs to rest on the web. At the front of the limbs, a pivot connects the front of the fastening portion and at the rear, a shear bolt on support tags bears on the upper edge of the tool. A row of tools with respective supports can be mounted on the frame with a spraying device, a roller and seed drills trailing in that order.

Abstract: A cultivating implement include a soil working tool having an elongate substantially planar blade. The blade extends sidewardly and downwardly at an acute angle to the vertical so that its plane is substantially parallel to the direction of movement through the soil and so that soil is lifted without inversion over the blade during passage through the soil. A movable extension is mounted to the blade trailing edge and is adjustable between first and second rigid positions to adjust the lifting action on the soil and thus adapt it to a wide variety of soil types and moisture conditions. At the lower end of the blade is a shoe member with an upwardly and rearwardly inclined upper surface at a leading end thereof, and an upright and rearwardly extending side surface substantially parallel to the direction of travel to provide a bearing surface for resisting lateral forces on the tool due to lifting action of the blade. The shoe member imparts lateral stability and factilitates penetration.

Abstract: The system includes a pull-type frame with a forward line of disc blades widely spaced to part the trash, mix it with soil and displace most of the mixture laterally on top of previously undisturbed soil, thereby creating strips of ground which are alternately cleared and windrowed. At least a second line of disc blades, also widely spaced, is placed to the rear of the first line; and these blades are offset laterally from, and located in the windrows formed by, the discs of the first row, to part and return at least some of the previously cleared trash and previously undisturbed soil back onto the cleared strips while still leaving strips of undisturbed soil with an accumulation of cleared trash on top. Cooperating with the discs are novel plow points located in the undisturbed strips having accumulated layers of cleared trash.

Abstract: There is disclosed a farm implement having a frame connectible to a tractor by means of a three-point hitch to permit it to be moved forwardly over the ground level, a first set of chisels supported on the frame in laterally spaced-apart relation, a second set of chisels supported on the frame rearwardly of the first set and laterally intermediate laterally adjacent chisels of the first set, and a lister mounted on each chisel of the second set with its lower edge above the lower edge of the chisel of the second set. In use of the implement, the first set of chisels form longitudinally extending trenches in the ground, and the listers mounted on the chisels of the second set turn the soil toward the trenches in order to build beds thereover.

Abstract: A farm implement is provided having a sub-soiler followed by a seed bed preparation tool and a planter. The seed bed preparation tool includes a rotary bladed portion for filling in the furrow left by the sub-soiler with soil turned up by the sub-soiler and for forming a depression along the crop row for planting. The seed bed preparation tool can also include a curved packer blade at the rear thereof for packing the soil in a central portion of the depression formed by the rotary portion of the tool.

Abstract: The system includes a pull-type frame with a forward line of disc blades widely spaced to part the trash, mix it with soil and displace most of the mixture laterally on top of previously undisturbed soil, thereby creating strips of ground which are alternately cleared and windrowed. At least a second line of disc blades, also widely spaced, is placed to the rear of the first line; and these blades are offset laterally from, and located in the windrows formed by, the discs of the first row, to part and return at least some of the previously cleared trash and previously undisturbed soil back onto the cleared strips while still leaving strips of undisturbed soil with an accumulation of cleared trash on top. Following the discs are novel plow tips located in the undisturbed strips having accumulated layers of cleared trash.

Abstract: A soil cultivating machine has a pair of frame units inclined rearwardly divergently to each other, each frame unit having a respective tool-holding shaft. Each shaft is associated with two tool-holding bars, one in front of the shaft and one behind it. The bars carry deep-tilling implements, while the shafts carry disc-like tools. There is a prescribed numerical relationship between the depth of tilling by these implements and the distance, measured in a direction parallel with the direction of advance of the machine, between a given implement and the associated disc-like tool. There is a further prescribed numeral relationship between this distance and the velocity of advance of the machine.

Abstract: A sub-soil planter machine has a frame, including front and rear transverse tool bars; a plurality of sub-soil blades mounted on and transversely spaced along the front tool bar; a plurality of rotary tilling assemblies mounted on and transversely spaced along the rear tool bar; and a plurality of planter units mounted on and transversely spaced along the rear tool bar in trailing relationship to the rotary tilling assemblies. The sub-soil blades, rotary tilling assemblies and planter units are so arranged in close proximity to one another such that the depth of the machine has been reduced whereby a given sized tractor, to which the machine is mounted on, is capable of lifting a larger machine than heretofore been accomplished due to the closeness of the machine to the rear end of the tractor resulting in a shorter length movement arm.

Abstract: A cultivating machine includes a forward row of subsoil tools and a plurality of elongated cultivating rollers having support plates to which soil penetrating T-section bars or knife edged bars are attached. To the rear of the cultivating rollers, a trailing roller is mounted on the frame and adjusting arms to the roller can be interconnected with the frame to raise or lower same and thereby set the soil working levels of the subsoil. Each cultivating roller can have its soil penetrating depth controlled through pivot arm connections that move the roller through an arc centered on the pivot axes which extend transverse to the direction of machine travel. The machine frame has a coupling that is connectable to the lifting hitch of a tractor and tanks of liquid soil treating material are mounted on the tractor adjacent the coupling.

Abstract: An agricultural implement is disclosed which is adapted to perform soil ripping, mixing, and seed planting behind a single prime mover. Soil ripping is accomplished by a parabolic pointed shank attached to a frame by a pivot bolt and secured by a shear bolt to provide release in the event that an essentially immovable object is struck. Attached to the same framework behind the shank is a pair of mixer wheels for tilling the furrowed soil, and attached behind the mixer wheels is a press pan for smoothing the soil into a seed bed, followed by a seed planter of conventional construction connected to a rear planter bar supported by gauge wheels.

Abstract: Soil conditioning apparatus is disclosed which has a front coulter assembly, preferably with a fluted coulter, for preparing a narrow path wider than the following subsoiler shank by cutting trash and breaking and slitting the topsoil. Following the front coulter assembly is the subsoiler assembly for further breaking the surface soil and breaking and shattering the "hard pan" created by years of conventional tillage. Following the subsoiler assembly is the slot filler assembly for filling the slot or crevice left by the subsoiler as it moves through the ground, a sufficient amount to prevent cave-ins or settling which would carry seeds too deep to properly germinate. Behind the slot filler wheel assembly means is the seed bed implement assembly for preparing the seed bed by pulverizing the soil and by removing trash which may have remained in the seed bed region after the above mentioned prior operations.

Abstract: A turnplow and a subsoiler are attached to a common draft beam with the subsoiler pivotally mounted and counter-weighted so that lifting of the implement will cause automatic retraction of the subsoiler relative to the turnplow. A drag point on the subsoiler engages the ground when the implement is lowered and thereby moves the subsoiler to an active position below the turnplow. Simplicity of construction is featured.

Abstract: A plow implement which completely plows and breaks the entire surface of a field being plowed in a single pass. This plow completely pulverizes the soil by means of upright cutting blades on double-opposing moldboard plows and single moldboard plows. Additional single sweeps and deep cutting sub-soiler devices may be provided with the over-all implement.

Abstract: An earthworking implement mounted on a three-point hitch of a draft vehicle with a hitch assembly. The hitch assembly has L-shaped members mounted in clamps secured to a main transverse beam. A plurality of parallel linkages movably connect a transverse tool bar to the beam. Row guide units having longitudinally aligned guide wheels and furrowing tools are mounted with clamps to the tool bar. Earthworking tools are mounted with clamps to the tool bar. In one form, the earthworking tool is a blade sequentially moved into and out of the soil with a lifting wheel to dig water and snow holding basins or trenches in the soil.

Abstract: A tractor-mounted cultivator is combined with a frame on which fixed cultivating tools are mounted. The fixed tools extend behind the rotary cultivator to break up ground below the level of rotary cultivation. The frame is releasably attached to the rotary cultivator and the attachment means are such that the frame can be used independently by direct attachment to the tractor three-point linkage.