Abstract: A compact, hand portable mobile electroplating unit provided with wheels, a seat for the user, and all of the chemical solutions and applicator equipment, including a D.C. power source, required to electroplate a metallic film on a metallic surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for marking orthodontic products. The method includes the steps of coupling the orthodontic product with the anode of a power source, placing an electrolyte in electrical contact with the cathode of the power source, and selectively exposing portions of the orthodontic product to be marked to the electrolyte. The apparatus includes a hand marker connected to the cathode of a power source. A sponge pad soaked with an electrolyte is attached to the hand marker. A workplate provided for holding the orthodontic product is coupled to the anode of the power source. A stencil is also provided to enable selective portions of the orthodontic product to be exposed to the electrolyte and thereby be marked.

Abstract: A kit structure arranged to include a support container having various components for gold plating a workpiece, to include a fluid container or beaker, with a battery operative through a voltage regulator, wherein the voltage regulator is adjustable to permit selective limited or unregulated voltage control from an associated battery to a gold anode plate and to a workpiece within a solution of sodium cyanide and gold chloride.

Abstract: A method and a portable apparatus is provided which can be transported to the area of treatment, generate silver ions or ions of other selected elements such as copper, uniformly distribute the ions over both confined and extended areas of water and land, and destroy infectious bacteria and/or other undesirable microorganisms in such areas. Water under pressure is passed through a manifold containing silver electrodes (or other desired metal electrodes) which are energized to produce ions. The solution with the high potency disinfecting ions is delivered to a sprinkler or other form of spraying device. The system is portable so that the apparatus can be moved to multiple locations or maneuvered within a given treatment location.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for generating a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen for producing a hot flame and in particular to one including a housing, an electrolytic chamber fixedly mounted within the housing and having two electrodes extending out of the electrolytic chamber to connect with a rectifier, a first safety device connected with an outlet of the electrolytic chamber, a control valve connected with an outlet of the first safety device, a dryer connected with an outlet of the first safety device, and a second safety device connected with an outlet of the dryer and having a chamber in which are mounted a spring-loaded ball which will open an outlet of the second safety device when the pressure of hydrogen and oxygen in the electrolytic chamber exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: An apparatus for electroplating conductive surfaces, in particular rotatable surfaces. A hand held anode includes a porous surface material such as polypropylene wool, backed by an inert anode mounted on a handle and connected to a source of direct current. A delivery tube through the anode handle allows liquid to be delivered to the surface material. A manually actuatable valve system on the anode handle permits liquids from a selected one of plural supply tubes to be connected to the delivery tube. In operation, the anode is connected to a positive polarity direct current sources, a plating liquid is directed from a supply to the valve system, then to the anode surface material through the delivery tube. Depending on the direct current polarity selected and the liquid selected for delivery to the anode material, the workpiece surface may be cleaned, treated or plated. A series of movable trays are positioned below the workpiece to catch liquid that may drip from the anode surface material.

Abstract: This chlorine gas generating apparatus controls the operating level of a liquid anolyte, catholyte and liquid interface by a combination of overflow pipe routed to a caustic catchment basin and a float or electronic sensor designed to add water as caustic concentration increases to an unacceptable level. Salt is stored above the liquid level and is consumed upon demand by the system so that a constant volume of salt is maintained in the liquid portion of the cell. Chlorine gas is directed to a catchment basin where it is collected and then delivered to a pool or other area to be sanitized.

Abstract: Apparatus for applying a disinfectant solution which may include hydrogen peroxide, a salt and a buffer to an instrument wherein the instrument can be inserted into an opening in the wall of a vessel containing a disinfectant normally at a level below the opening. A floatation plunger is urged downwardly to displace the disinfectant to a level in engagement with the instrument and the electrodes are energized to activate the disinfectant. A magnetic latch holds the floatation plunger in place during disinfection and the disinfectant level is sensed to enable energization of the electrodes only when the level is sufficient to engage the instrument.

Abstract: A water purifier has a buoyant housing for supporting a purification cell below the water's surface and for supporting a solar cell array for providing power for the purification cell. The purification cell preferably has a solid cylindrical anode and a coiled wire cathode. The water purification cell operation includes electrolytic processes, electrocution and oxidation to destroy bacteria and algae in the water.

Abstract: A portable self-contained solar powered water purifier for swimming pools, spas, and other bodies of water is disclosed. The purifier includes a buoyant housing for supporting a solar cell array above the surface of water to be treated and a purification cell below the surface of water to be treated. Suitable electrical connections, between the solar cell array and purification cell, are sealed to prevent the entry of water therebetween which could result in electrical shorts and corrosion. The purification cell includes a sacrificial anode, having a metal alloy essentially composed of copper and silver and a cathode which is preferably constructed of stainless steel so as to not react adversely with the sacrificial anode. Metallic copper and silver ions are released by the sacrificial anode to prevent algae and bacterial growth.

Abstract: A self cleaning electrolytic chlorinator for swimming pools and water treatment plants comprises a low voltage D.C. power supply unit which cyclically reverses the polarity at the electrodes to shed accumulated deposits which plate out on the electrode surfaces. Damage to the delicate catalytic coating on the electrodes is prevented by stepping the applied potential from a maximum to a minimum value before changing polarity and then stepping the applied potential back to a maximum value.

Abstract: A water purifier including a floating body having two parallel disk shaped electrodes extending into the water. The polarity between the disks is alternated at predetermined intervals to avoid plating. The disks are preferably made of a copper/silver alloy. Preferably the device is powered by a photovoltaic panel attached to a skimmer cover. Alternatively, the device can be powered by a photovoltaic panel laminated to the top or the device can be configured for insertion into a pipe plug unit that can be used in connection with a pipe T.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for the chlorination of water in a swimming pool where the water includes a soluble chlorine ion containing electrolyte. The apparatus comprises a housing which is mounted on the side wall of a swimming pool under the water level. The housing has a plurality of electrodes located therein, the electrodes being connected to a low voltage power supply. The housing has a plurality of openings from the outside to the interior, whereby water is able to pass in and out of the housing, where electrolysis of the soluble chlorine ions takes place when they come into contact with the electrodes. The water which has been effectively chlorinated passes out of the housing to be replaced by other water with the soluble chlorine ion still in solution.

Abstract: A brush for use in electrolytic treatment having a brush body including an electrode connected to one terminal of a D.C. source and contacting a workpiece connected to the other terminal of the D.C. source. The brush body comprises a forward portion defining an electrode compartment housing an electrode contact. An electrode holder is removably mounted in the compartment.

Abstract: A method and device provide for the deionization and contaminants removal or degradation of aqueous liquids, particularly drinking water. The water is caused to flow in a first direction and while flowing it is treated so as to simultaneously effect deionization via electromigration and degradation or removal of the contaminants therein on particle surfaces. The water flows upwardly through a bed formed by a mixture of conductive and non-conductive particles, such as sand and graphite particles, with the particles of the bed being separated from an anode (mounted on one side of the bed) by an anionic membrane, and a cathode (mounted on the other side of the bed) by a non-ionic porous membrane. According to the invention the following ions and contaminants can be destroyed, or removed from, the water: calcium, magnesium, and other water hardening ions; sodium, iron, bacteria; chlorine, phenol, odor and color contaminants; and pesticides.

Abstract: An electrolytic oxidant generator including an anode and cathode within different chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane, and a mixer for circulating saline solution within the anode chamber to enhance dispersal of salt in the solution and maintain the saline solution at high density throughout that chamber. The generator preferably includes an outer shell and a tubular member extending generally vertically within the shell and separating the anode and cathode chambers, with the side wall having a curving portion containing at least one aperture curving with the wall, and with the membrane being secured to and curving with the wall and bridging across the aperture. The inner chamber may take the form of a unit which is removable upwardly from the shell and interfits with the shell in locating relation upon downward movement thereinto.

Abstract: The invention provides a jewelry cleaning arrangement including a housing and a cleaning bath tank formed of an electrically conductive material. The cleaning bath tank is supported within the housing and is connectable to an electric potential. An electrical contact member extends sealingly into the interior region of the tank. The electrical contact member is electrically insulated from the tank and is connectable to an electric potential. A non-conductive insert member is positionable in the tank and movable between a cleaning position and an elevated position. The non-conductive insert member includes a support surface upon which jewelry may be placed. A jewelry engagement conductive member is provided supported on the non-conductive insert member support surface. The jewelry engagement member includes a contact portion engaging the electrical contact member when the insert member is positioned in the cleaning position within the tank.

Abstract: A device for treating water within a swimming pool wherein a portion of such water is diverted to the device. The device utilizes a canister in which dissimilar metals preferably silver and copper are positioned such that the water passing between them acts as a conductor and establishes a voltaic cell whereby the metals are eroded so as to supply the water with an effective level of silver and copper ions. Such metal ions effectively act as germicides and algaecides.

Abstract: Electrolytic chlorine gas generating apparatus including a housing, a volume of water inside the housing, a hollow salt cell disposed in the water in the housing, a volume of salt particles and of water in the salt cell, an anode mounted in the housing contacting salt solution in the salt cell, a cathode mounted in the housing, means for causing current to flow between the anode and cathode to generate chlorine gas at the anode, and a line attached to the housing to carry away chlorine gas produced by the anode. The apparatus, when the water level in the salt cell becomes low and the top of the salt solidifies into a "dome", prevents chlorine gas from accumulating beneath the solidified salt dome and exploding.

Abstract: An easily transportable electrolytic cell and associated processing apparatus is modularly constructed and supported in modular support sections that are easily separated and loaded onto transport vehicles for transport to distant remote sites where the electrolytic cell module and the processing apparatus module are reassembled and the apparatus is put into operation where the product chemical produced by the electrolytic cell is utilized.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for polishing a metallic plumbing or electrical fixture, such as a pipe, pipe fitting or electrical bus bar, is provided. The apparatus includes container means for retaining an electrolytic solution and a cathode member. The member is specially designed to accommodate a plumbing fixture having a circular cross-section or an elongate electrical fixture, and is at least partially immersed within the solution. The apparatus also includes dc power supply means having a negative terminal, which is connected to the cathode member, and a positive terminal which is connected to a clamp means. The clamp means is capable of forming an electrical connection with the fixture to be polished. When the clamp means is secured to the fixture and the fixture is positioned near the cathode member, polishing of the fixture occurs.

Abstract: An apparatus for the galvanic reinforcement of an automotive trace on a glass pane, especially a motor vehicle glass pane, has an elongated housing adapted to enclose the trace and spaced uniformly from opposite longitudinal edges thereof. The electrolyte and a rinsing liquid can be passed uniformly through this chamber within which a anode extends in juxtaposition with the trace which is poled as a cathode. Between the anode and the cathode an electrodeposition current is passed to deposit metal from the electrolyte onto the trace.

Abstract: The method and apparatus are designed to permit of sterilizing surgical instruments by inducing electrolysis in a water solution having pH-value of between 5 and 7.5 and a concentration of chloride ions between 0.45 and 0.85 g/l; the electrolyte is buffered with each sterilizing cycle, and its condition monitored continuously.

Abstract: An installation is provided for carrying out localized electrolytic surface treatment, of the type including an electrolyte reservoir (22) and pumping means (19) adapted for feeding the electrolyte to an anodic equipment (1) able to be placed in contact with the surface of the work piece (P) to be treated, a thin electrolyte flow space then being provided, in said equipment, between the surface of the anode (5) and said surface to be treated, the anode (5) and said work piece (P) being connected to the terminals of a DC voltage source, characterized in that it includes suction means (4, 25) connected to said equipment (1) for bringing the electrolyte back to said reservoir (22) after it has passed through said flow space.

Abstract: Electrolytic chlorine gas generating apparatus including a sousing, a volume of water inside the housing, a hollow salt cell disposed in the water in the housing, a volume of salt particles and of water in the salt cell, and anode mounted in the housing contacting salt solution in the salt cell, a cathode mounted in the housing, means for causing current to flow between the anode and cathode to generate chlorine gas at the anode, and a line attached to the housing to carry away chlorine gas produced by the anode. The apparatus, when the water level in the salt cell becomes low and the top of the salt solidifies into a "dome", prevents chlorine gas from accumulating beneath the solidified salt dome and exploding.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell for producing a halogen biocide and oxygen in a liquid containing a halogen salt as the liquid is passed therethrough. The electrolytic cell contains a plurality of electrode plates which are mounted in spaced apart parallel relationship in the cell with less than all of the electrtode plates being connectable to a suitable power supply. The cell is configured so that the end edges of at least the electrode plates which are connectable to the power supply are encased in an electrically insulative chemically resistant material to prevent current leakage between those plates.

Abstract: It is provided in an electrochemical polishing and pickling method and apparatus for treating metal surfaces that an electrolyte stream (18) entering a casing (12) is divided into an anodic partial stream (20) and a cathodic partial stream (22). The anodic partial stream (20) flows past a dielectric wall (32) as well as the surface (10') to be polished or pickled, while the cathodic partial stream does not reach the surface (10') to be polished but instead is recycled directly into an electrolyte reservoir (30) after having passed the cathodes (24).

Abstract: Electrolytic chlorine gas generating apparatus including a housing, a volume of water inside the housing, a hollow salt cell disposed in the water in the housing, a volume of sat particles and of water in the salt cell, an anode mounted in the housing contacting salt solution in the salt cell, a cathode mounted in the housing, means for causing current to flow between the anode and cathode to generate chlorine gas at the anode, and a line attached to the housing to carry away chlorine gas produced by the anode. The apparatus, when the water level in the salt cell becomes low and the top of the salt solidifies into a "dome", prevents chlorine gas from accumulating beneath the solidified salt dome and exploding.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolytic cell used to produce dilute quantities of a halogen solution from water containing dilute quantities of salt to disinfect and sanitize the water, the cell further employs monopolar electrodes of trapezoidal shape and an electrode separating plates that ensures proper alignment and equal separation of the electrode plates during operation.

Abstract: A portable electroplating apparatus (10) includes a case (12) having a plurality of containers (18, 20, 22, 24 and 26) in the case (12) for a plating solution and for preparing metal objects for electroplating. An electroplating circuit (64) is mounted in the case (12) and configured to provide plating current through an anode (44) and cathode (38) to the plating solution in one of the containers (18-26). A cord (30) connects the electroplating circuit (64) to a 120 volt AC outlet for powering the apparatus (10).

Abstract: Ionic silver is extracted from photographic fixing solutions by electrolytic plating on a removably fixed cathode plate of an electrode assembly connected in series with a fixed resistor to a voltage source from which plating current is drawn. The plating current is correctively changed by detection logic in response to excessive variation in the electrolytic resistance of the liquid beyond a threshold limit established through a programmed reference voltage generator that is calibrated to match the chemistry of the particular liquid being electrolytically processed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for combined electrolytic-abrasive polishing: providing a tool electrode rotatable by means of a rotational drive and having a liquid-permeable visco-elastic polishing member attached to the surface of a conductive disk-like tool base; contacting the visco-elastic polishing member with a free curved surface of a workpiece, with the rotational axis of the tool electrode in tilted state relative to a plane averaging undulations on the free curved surface, to contact only peripheral portions of the visco-elastic polishing member retaining abrasive grains with the workpiece; supplying an electrolyte to polishing portions between the visco-elastic polishing member and workpiece; and conducting current for electrolysis across the visco-elastic polishing member and workpiece. The apparatus can perform the combined electrolytic-abrasive polishing automatically along free curved surface of a work by the use of an automatic two-dimensional feed mechanism.

Abstract: Provided is a device useful for the uniform electrolysis of a metal sheet workpiece. It is especially useful for the laboratory scale testing of various methods of electrolytically etching aluminum. The device has a generally rectangular frame having non-electrically conducting walls capable of containing an electrolyte; at least one electrode; electrically conducting clamping means to rigidly hold a metal workpiece within the frame at a fixed distance from the electrode; means for circulating the electrolyte about the workpiece; and means for applying a current between the workpiece and electrode.

Abstract: A container basin adapted to contain the workpieces to be electroplated is carried at the lower end of a tubular element, to the opposite upper end of which is screwed a power take-off stem of a vibrator. A body of the vibrator is provided with a hook enabling the apparatus to be hung up above the treatment vessel of an electroplating installation. The basin contains a helical ramp in such manner that, when the basin is submitted to a vibratory movement produced by the vibrator, the contained workpieces ascend along said ramp and fall down at the upper end of this latter when they have travelled along its complete length. The apparatus is portable and can be passed from one treatment vessel to another.

Abstract: This sterilizing apparatus comports an enclosure (1) in which two electrodes (4,5) of an electrochemical cell are supplied by a transformer-rectifier (16) for producing an aqueous NaOCl solution from a NaCl solution. During its production, the solution is distributed over the surfaces to be sterilized of the objects to be sterilized (9) by a circulation pump (7) and a distribution manifold (6) feeding canes (10) and sprinkling heads (11) by vertical distribution pipes (8).

Abstract: An electrolyzed water producing apparatus according to the invention is adapted to be directly connected to a faucet of a water service to continuously producing alkali ionic water and acid ionic water by electrolyzing operation and comprises an electronic control device including an automatic-manual operation changing circuit for changing the apparatus between automatic and manual operation modes, an electric current adjusting circuit for adjusting electrolytic current dependent upon variation in water quality, and a slow start circuit for automatically delaying the time when starting supply of the electrolytic current relative to the time when starting supply of water at a commencement of operation of said apparatus in the automatic operation mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for purifying water includes a pump and purification cell, the cell having two electrodes, at least one of which electrodes is approximately 92 percent copper, 3 percent silver and 5 percent nickel, by weight. An electrical potential is developed between the electrodes and caused to alternate in polarity to prevent plating. Copper and silver ions are released into the water at adjustable rate, where they cooperatively destroy bacteria, algae, and the like.

Abstract: An electrolytic sterilizer for contact lenses comprising a main body accommodating a power source unit and a sterilizing container detachably mountable on the main body and having electrodes electrically connectable, through container-side contacts and main body-side contacts, to said power source for electrolysis, wherein the main body has a groove for a waste solution, and the main body-side contacts are located outside of the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for electrolytic etching of cast dental alloys and pre-existing amalgam restorations provides a DC source for etching of the selected metalwork and an AC source for removal of the oxide coating produced by the etching process. Metal framework so etched and cleaned facilitate resin bonding as in resin-bonded retainers for fixed bridgework, resin-bonded crowns, resin-bonded orthodontic brackets, resin-coated amalgam and cast restorations, resin-coated partial denture clasps, and the like.

Abstract: A pot-typed water purifier with an electrolyzer comprises a pot body having an opening at the top thereof, the pot body including an electrolyzing vessel divided into two chambers by a porous partition formed into a hollow shape, the chambers having therein negative and positive electrodes to form negative and positive chambers, respectively, a storage chamber airtightly separated from the electrolyzing vessel, means for supplying air pressure to the negative chamber and storage chamber alternatively so as to transport the water from the negative chamber to the storage chamber or to transport water from the storage chamber to a pouring nozzle, and a cover detachably covering said opening at the top of the pot body, said opening being adapted to supply water to the electrolyzing vessel.

Abstract: A device for recovering metal from an aqueous bath generating metal ions, by means of an electrolytic process. The device includes a source of direct current and a non-conductive base plate adapted to be immersed in the aqueous bath. One face of the base plate has a conductive anodic surface layer thereon operatively connected to the direct current source for charging the anodic surface positively. The other face of the base plate has a conductive cathodic surface layer thereon also operatively connected to the direct current source for charging the cathodic surface negatively so that metal from the metal ion bath is plated onto the cathodic surface.

Abstract: A movable apparatus for local electrolytic polishing of metal surfaces is disclosed, the apparatus having an arm, a supported soft surface which is attached to the arm and intended to be brought against the metal surface to be polished, and members for conducting cathodic current to this soft surface and for conducting anodic current to the metal surface to be polished. In the apparatus the supported soft surface is of an absorbent material, which is connected to the electrolyte container in order to cause electrolyte to be absorbed into the absorbent material, as electrolyte is transferred to the polished surface when the apparatus is moved. The electrolyte container may be a trough attached to the arm, the bottom of the trough supporting the absorbent material attached to its lower surface and extending to inside the trough, and the absorbent material may be some acid-resistant wadding.

Abstract: An electronic water treating device comprising a brass body from which projects a graphite anode and to which is secured a stainless steel canister which functions as a cathode. The device includes an electronic power head connected to an external power supply. A 115 volt AC house current is transformed into two 6.3 volt circuits. The first anode powered circuit receives 6.3 volts which is rectified through a diode bridge and powers the anode through a biased resistance. The second 6.3 volt circuit is rectified through a diode and passes through a condenser and resistance through a transistor and resister to the anode. This latter circuit is a voltage measuring circuit interconnected through a relay to a warning light which is energized and lighted if substantial variation in the current being transmitted occurs. This usually arises when an accumulation of sludge-like calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate and magnesium collects in the canister.

Abstract: A marking head for use in the electrochemical process wherein a conductive metal part is imaged by firing electrodes against the part in the presence of an electrolyte. The marking face of the head contains an imaging board that includes seven segment digit modules that are capable of being fired in a pre-programmed order whereupon the characters recorded upon the part can be sequenced in a desired order. The segments are printed upon a copper coated board using a photoetching technique which leaves behind a copper coating in the segmented areas. Each segment is then coated with a carbon based material to provide a series of electrodes that can be efficiently operated in the presence of an electrolyte without breaking down.

Abstract: A gas producing electrolytic cell for portable devices comprising a vessel, an electrolyte, a cap, a gas space, channel labyrinths, a separating wall and contacts. The channel labyrinths eliminate the outflow of the electrolyte from the cell in its overturned position, tender the return of electrolyte to the vessel, to the original level possible. The contacts can be inundated by the electrolyte and in this way an outer electric circuit can be closed for cutting out the stream of electrolyse and for signalizating the overturned position of the cell.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for resharpening cutting tools having an edge of complex curve by electropolishing process, wherein after a protective film is formed on the non-polished surface of the edge of a cutting tool, the edge is immersed in an electrolytic solution and DC voltage is applied between the tool, which serves as an anode, and a cathode plate immersed in the solution to thereby polish the edge by dissolving.

Abstract: The electrolysis device of the present invention comprises an elongated vertically disposed hollow housing having an upper end and an open lower end. The housing has at least one inlet opening spaced above the open lower end. An anode is placed within the hollow housing, and a cathode plate is detachably mounted to the lower end of the housing. An electrically operated impeller is mounted between the inlet opening and the open lower end of the housing, and it draws fluid within the inlet opening and drives it outwardly through the open lower end of the housing. The silver ions collect on the negatively charged cathode plate.

Abstract: The device is a portable drum having a removable end cap and a removable plug. The end cap is electrically connected to an electric current and has a pair of anodes secured to the inside thereof. A cathode is mounted on the inside of the end cap, along with a perforated basket. The film is chopped up and placed in the drum. Bleach, water, and photography fixer solution are added through the plug. The solution washes the silver ions off of the film as the drum is rotated about its axis. The silver collects on the negatively charged cathode. The perforated basket prevents any pieces of film from coming in contact with the cathode. The cathode can then be removed and the silver removed from the cathode.

Abstract: A novel electrode, an apparatus and a method are set out for electrolyzing a chloride ion containing aqueous solution to produce chlorine and ozone. Through utilization of a solid state rectifier network, and without the use of a transformer, full line voltage, after rectification, is applied between the anode and cathode of an electrolytic cell utilizing an anode which is a laminated body of a platinum group metal foil bonded to a tantalum or niobium layer which in turn is bonded to a titanium substrate. Chlorine and ozone production is quite rapid.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating chlorine gas from sodium chloride and for transmitting the generated gas to water for purification of the water.