Abstract: The present invention provides a copper-nickel alloy electroplating bath which is characterized by containing (a) a copper salt and a nickel salt, (b) a metal complexing agent, (c) a plurality of conductivity-imparting salts that are different from each other, (d) a compound that is selected from the group consisting of disulfide compounds, sulfur-containing amino acids and salts of these compounds, (e) a compound that is selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid compounds, sulfimide compounds, sulfamic acid compounds, sulfone amides and salts of these compounds, and (f) a reaction product of a glycidyl ether and a polyhydric alcohol. This copper-nickel alloy electroplating bath is also characterized by having a pH of 3-8.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anode system for conventional electrolysis cells, a process for the production thereof and its use for the deposition of electrolytic coatings. The anode system is characterized in that the anode (2) is in direct contact with a membrane (3) which completely separates the anode space from the cathode space. This anode system is therefore a direct-contact membrane anode.

Abstract: A method for forming a surface layer, the purpose thereof is to form a high erosion resistant film. The method for forming a surface layer includes: arranging a member (2) in a machining fluid (3); and forming the surface layer including silicon by spacing a silicon electrode (1) from the member (2) at a predetermined distance, and by supplying silicon component from the silicon electrode (1) to the member side by applying a predetermined voltage and generating electric discharge, and an iron-based metal texture including silicon of 3 to 11 wt % is formed at a thickness of 5 to 10 ?m at a portion to be treated by repetitively generating a electric discharge pulse in which a time integration value of a current value of the electric discharge pulse is in a range of 30 A·?s to 80 A·?s.

Abstract: An electrodeposition process of platinum and platinum-based alloy nano-particles with addition of ethylene glycol is disclosed. An acidic solution which contains metal chloride includes at least one platinum-based chloride and the alloy thereof, and ethylene glycol are introduced into a reactor as an electrodeposition solution. By applying an external negative potential, platinum particles or platinum-based alloy particles are deposited on the substrate. The above acidic solution is able to provide ionic conductivity during electrodeposition. The added ethylene glycol effectively enhances the removal of chlorine from metal chlorides. Meanwhile, ethylene glycol is used as stabilizer to prevent the particles from aggregation onto the substrate, thereby increasing the dispersion of deposited particles.

Abstract: A process for applying a metal layer to surfaces of light metals is proposed, in which iron is electrolytically deposited on the surfaces from a deposition bath containing Fe(II) compounds using dimensionally stable anodes insoluble in the deposition bath. The process is especially suitable for coating cylinder faces of internal combustion engines and of rotationally symmetrical parts with layers having very high wear resistance, especially of valves, nozzles and other parts of high-pressure injection systems for motor vehicle engines. In addition, the present invention pertains to nanocrystalline iron-phosphorus layers, which can be formed preferably by depositing iron in the presence of compounds containing orthophosphite and/or hypophosphite. These layers also have good corrosion resistance besides the good wear resistance.

Abstract: A reactive solution with an amount of 250 mL is made of distilled water and LiOH·H2O (4M) melted in the distilled water. Then, the reactive solution is put in a flow-type reactor, and is flown in between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode set in the flow-type reactor at a given temperature and a given flow rate. Then, a given voltage is applied between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode with dropping an oxidizer of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into the reactive solution to form a lithium-cobalt oxide thin film on the anode electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus (12) for applying a zinc-nickel electroplate to a workpiece. The apparatus comprises a zinc-nickel electroplating bath (16) comprising an amine additive, such as poly(alkyleneimine), which is capable of being oxidized in the bath to cyanides. The bath has a pH more than about 14. A cathode workpiece (18) is positioned in the bath. An anode assembly (20) is also positioned in the bath. The anode assembly comprises an enclosure (22) defining an anolyte compartment (24), at least a portion of the enclosure being an ion exchange membrane (26). An anolyte (28) is positioned in the compartment. An insoluble metal anode (30) is immersed in the anolyte. The anolyte is a conductive salt or base solution and the anode is a metal or metal coating selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium and alloys thereof.

Abstract: A reactive solution with an amount of 250 mL is made of distilled water and LiOH.H2O (4M) melted in the distilled water. Then, the reactive solution is put in a flow-type reactor, and is flown in between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode set in the flow-type reactor at a given temperature and a given flow rate. Then, a given voltage is applied between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode with dropping an oxidizer of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into the reactive solution to form a lithium-cobalt oxide thin film on the anode electrode.

Abstract: A reactive solution with an amount of 250 mL is made of distilled water and LiOH·H2O (4M) melted in the distilled water. Then, the reactive solution is put in a flow-type reactor, and is flown in between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode set in the flow-type reactor at a given temperature and a given flow rate. Then, a given voltage is applied between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode with dropping an oxidizer of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into the reactive solution to form a lithium-cobalt oxide thin film on the anode electrode.

Abstract: A method of codepositing iron and manganese having a high proportion of manganese incorporates use of a new electrochemical cell. The deposit comprises up to 38% manganese from a solution of wide ranging pH from an aqueous bath of sulfate, phosphate salt or any other type of bath, The deposits may subsequently be nitrided, phosphatized or carburized to produced an amorphous surface comparable to Hadfield steel. The manganese alloy deposit exhibits a bright, shiny surface.

Abstract: A novel cathode of low hydrogen overvoltage is provided which is useful for electrolysis of water and electrolysis of an aqueous alkali metal chloride such as sodium chloride. A process for producing the cathode is also provided. The low hydrogen overvoltage cathode comprises an electroconductive base material; and a coating layer containing at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of amino acids, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, monoamines, diamines, triamines, and tetramines, and derivatives thereof at a content of from 0.5% to 18% by weight in terms of carbon, and a metal component selected from the group consisting of nickel, nickel-iron, nickel-cobalt, and nickel-indium at an indium content ranging from 1% to 90% by weight.

Abstract: A method of pretreating a hydrogen-occluding alloy, by electrically plating the hydrogen-occluding alloy with a Co--V alloy or a Co--Mo alloy. A nickel-hydrogen secondary battery manufactured using the pretreated hydrogen-occluding alloy has an increased initial activation rate and an increased high rate discharge characteristic.

Abstract: A process, particularly a continuous process, for industrially producing a high-quality inexpensive porous iron metal while preventing the conventional rusting problem which process comprises coating the surface of a conductive porous base material by iron electroplating, removing the base material, and then reducing the coating. The iron electroplating was conducted in an acid iron plating bath which contains at least one from acid aluminum compound and/or at least one acid titanium compound, using an anode which contains at least either of aluminum and titanium and has a surface area not smaller than 1/3 of and not larger than that of the base material. The reduction is conducted by a two-step heat treatment for improving the iron structure and for softening.

Abstract: Methods for electrodepositing a metal-carbon coating on a substrate comprng immersing the substrate in an aqueous electrolyte, and passing a sufficient current through the electrolyte to effect electrolyte deposition of a metal-carbon alloy on the substrate. The aqueous electrolyte comprises from about 0.2 to about 0.6 mol/l of metal ions selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, nickel-tungsten mixture and cobalt-tungsten mixture, greater than about 1.4 mol/l of an amidosulfonic acid or a salt thereof, ammonium ions, formic acid or a salt thereof, and water.

Abstract: Iron foil is made by deposition of iron in an electrochemical cell having an insoluble anode from an acid electrolyte onto a moving cathode by the reaction:Fe.sup.2+ +2e.sup.- .fwdarw.Fe (foil) (I),and removing the iron foil so made from the cathode. In a regenerator iron is dissolved into the electrolyte. To avoid reduction of the foil by Fe.sup.3+ in the electrolyte, hydrogen in the form of hydrogen gas or a gas containing hydrogen is supplied to the anode, the anode being such that the anode reaction:H.sub.2 .fwdarw.2H.sup.+ +2e.sup.- (II)takes place, said reaction (II) predominating at the anode over the reaction:2Fe.sup.2+ .fwdarw.2Fe.sup.3+ +2e.sup.- (IV).The dissolution of iron in the regenerator takes place at least partly by the reaction:Fe+2H.sup.+ .fwdarw.Fe.sup.2+ +H.sub.2 (III).