Using Electrode Containing Precious Metal Or Free Carbon Patents (Class 205/786)
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Patent number: 11293889Abstract: A control system for a fluid analyzer is described. The control system has a processor executing processor executable code to: control a potentiostat to apply a first voltage potential sufficient to induce a first electrochemical reaction of a target analyte or a reaction byproduct of the target analyte in a sample of the calibration reagent and receive a first reading from the potentiostat; control the potentiostat to apply a second voltage potential insufficient to induce a second electrochemical reaction of the target analyte or a reaction byproduct of the target analyte in the sample of the calibration reagent and receive a second reading from the potentiostat; calculate calibration parameters using the first reading, the second reading and a multi-point calibration algorithm; and measure a target analyte concentration within the fluid sample using the calibration parameters.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 2017Date of Patent: April 5, 2022Assignee: Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc.Inventors: Jay Li, Andy Chan
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Patent number: 11092585Abstract: Method and system for detection and quantification of oxidizable organics in water. The method involves the partial electrolytic decomposition of the oxidizable organics in a short time frame, preferably less than five seconds, and does not involve the use of toxic reagents. The system includes an electrochemical sensor probe that, in turn, includes a boron-doped diamond microelectrode array. The system additionally includes an electronic transducer and a computing device. The system utilizes an analysis technique to convert sensor signal to a result that can be correlated with COD or BOD values obtained by standard methods. The method and system are particularly suitable for, but not limited to, use in monitoring of water quality at wastewater treatment plants. By employing the method before and after adding aerobic microorganisms to the sample, the method may be used to distinguish biologically oxidizable organics from total oxidizable organics.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2019Date of Patent: August 17, 2021Assignee: GINER, INC.Inventors: Badawi M. Dweik, Avni A. Argun, Katherine E. Harrison
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Patent number: 9110013Abstract: A sensor system, device, and methods for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample is described. Gated voltammetric pulse sequences including multiple duty cycles of sequential excitations and relaxations may provide a shorter analysis time and/or improve the accuracy and/or precision of the analysis. The disclosed pulse sequences may reduce analysis errors arising from the hematocrit effect, variance in cap-gap volumes, non-steady-state conditions, mediator background, a single set of calibration constants, under-fill, and changes in the active ionizing agent content of the sensor strip.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 2013Date of Patent: August 18, 2015Assignee: Bayer HealthCare LLCInventor: Huan-Ping Wu
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Publication number: 20130313129Abstract: Provided are: a method of measuring the total concentration of oxidizing agents, by which the total concentration can be determined in a single measurement with simple operations even in an evaluation solution containing multiple components such as persulfuric acid, perosulfate and hydrogen peroxide; a simple and inexpensive concentration meter for measuring the total concentration of oxidizing agents; and a sulfuric acid electrolysis device comprising the concentration meter. The method according to the present invention is a method of measuring the total concentration of oxidizing agent(s) in an evaluation solution containing at least one oxidizing agent. The method comprises at least the steps of: heat-treating the evaluation solution at 50 to 135° C.; and detecting hydrogen peroxide in the thus heat-treated evaluation solution.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 27, 2012Publication date: November 28, 2013Applicant: CHLORINE ENGINEERS CORP., LTD.Inventors: Junko Kosaka, Masaaki Kato, Hiroki Domon
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Publication number: 20130233729Abstract: The present invention relates to a sensor for detecting hydrogen peroxide, comprising: (a) a gold (Au) nanoparticle conjugated with a conducting oxide substrate comprising a conduction oxide; (b) a cytochrome c immobilized on the gold nanoparticle. In the performance of the present sensor, current values are increased in parallel with increased hydrogen peroxide concentration. Such performance enables to easily analyze the presence or concentration of hydrogen peroxide.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 9, 2012Publication date: September 12, 2013Applicant: Industry-University Cooperation Foundation Sogang UniversityInventors: Jeong Woo CHOI, Ajay Kumar Yagati, Taek Lee, Jun Hong Min
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Publication number: 20130180869Abstract: An electrochemical test strip is provided, including a substrate, an electrode structure and an insulative film. The electrode structure is formed on the substrate, including a first electrode and a second electrode. The second electrode includes a first end, a second end, an extension portion, and a bent portion. The extension portion connects the first end with the bent portion, and the bent portion is connected to the second end. The extension portion and the first electrode define a space therebetween for receiving the bent portion. The insulative film covers at least a part of the electrode structure and forms an opening. A sample fluid enters the electrochemical test strip through the opening, and the sample fluid sequentially contacts the first electrode and the second electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 11, 2013Publication date: July 18, 2013Applicant: DELBIO, INCInventor: DELBio, INC
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Publication number: 20120325682Abstract: A layered electrocatalyst for oxidizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: a carbon support integrated with a conductive metal; at least one first metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the carbon support, wherein the at least one first metal plating layer is active to OH adsorption and inactive to a target species, and wherein the at least one first metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns; and at least one second metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the at least one first metal plating layer, wherein the at least one second metal plating layer is active to the target species, and wherein the at least one second metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns, forming a layered electrocatalyst.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 9, 2012Publication date: December 27, 2012Applicant: OHIO UNIVERSITYInventor: Gerardine G. Botte
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Patent number: 8224595Abstract: A system and method for online monitoring of molten salt corrosion of a component of an apparatus is disclosed. First and second electrodes are electrically isolated from each other within the component and exposed to a corrosive operating environment of the apparatus. The first and second electrodes are electrically coupled such that when an electrical potential difference exists between the first and second electrodes an electrical current flows between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrical potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is based at least in part on molten salt corrosion at the first electrode or the second electrode. At least one of the electrical potential difference or the electrical current flowing between the first electrode and second electrode is measured and analyzed such that a corrosion characteristic of the component can be predicted.Type: GrantFiled: April 9, 2010Date of Patent: July 17, 2012Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Rebecca Evelyn Hefner, Paul Stephen DiMascio
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Patent number: 8152991Abstract: Embodiments of nanoelectronic sensors are described, including sensors for detecting analytes such ammonia. An environmental control system employing nanoelectronic sensors is described. A personnel safety system configured as a disposable badge employing nanoelectronic sensors is described. A method of dynamic sampling and exposure of a sensor providing a number of operational advantages is described.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 2006Date of Patent: April 10, 2012Assignee: Nanomix, Inc.Inventors: Mikhail Briman, Craig Bryant, Ying-Lan Chang, Jean-Christophe P. Gabriel, Shirpal C. Gandhi, Bradley N Johnson, Willem-Jan Ouborg, John Loren Passmore, Kastooriranganathan Ramakrishnan, Sergei Skarupo, Alexander Star, Christian Valcke
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Publication number: 20120043226Abstract: An oxidative peak in a cathodic scan is observed in the cyclic voltammetry of glucose at gold electrodes, its peak current density being proportional to glucose concentration in a wide potential range. The application of this phenomenon in blood glucose sensing has been hindered by the presence of inhibitors: the most problematic are chlorides due to their high concentration and difficult separation from glucose. The present invention provides a solution to this problem involving a three electrode, four step pulsed electrochemical detection technique.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 16, 2011Publication date: February 23, 2012Inventors: Yi Cui, Fabio La Mantia, Mauro Pasta
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Patent number: 7862698Abstract: A device and method for preparing an electrochemical sensor may enable the sensor head thereof to be provided with an electrolyte and a membrane. The device may include a retaining means for the sensor in addition to means for depositing the electrolyte and means for depositing the membrane.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2002Date of Patent: January 4, 2011Assignee: Sentec AGInventors: Paul Haener, Joseph Lang
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Publication number: 20100294672Abstract: In a method and apparatus for determining information concerning the presence of ingredients with oxygen demand in a liquid sample, especially for determining the chemical oxygen demand of a liquid sample, especially a water, or wastewater, sample, by means of electrochemical oxidation of ingredients of the liquid sample, oxidation of ingredients of the liquid sample occurs on a boron doped, diamond electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 25, 2010Publication date: November 25, 2010Applicant: Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft Fur Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KGInventors: Achim Gahr, Rudolf Bauer
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Publication number: 20100258452Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode for an electrochemical measurement apparatus that is less susceptible to influence from interference substances as compared to conventional technology and an electrochemical measurement apparatus using such an electrode. A working electrode 9 (an electrode 1 for an electrochemical measurement apparatus) used in an electrochemical measurement apparatus 3 of the present invention uses an alloy containing iridium and rhenium with such a composition that selectivity for hydrogen peroxide can be obtained.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 29, 2008Publication date: October 14, 2010Inventors: Toru Matsumoto, Naoaki Sata, Yoko Mitarai
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Publication number: 20100000883Abstract: A sensor comprises a substrate having nanoparticles of a conducting polymer such as polyanaline printed thereon. Also described is a printing composition for printing onto a substrate, the composition comprising nanoparticles of a conducting polymer such as polyanaline.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 13, 2007Publication date: January 7, 2010Applicants: DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY OF WOLONGONGInventors: Aoife Morrin, Malcolm Smyth, Anthony Killard, Orawan Ngamna, Gordon Wallace, Simon Edward Moulton, Karl Crowley
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Patent number: 7632384Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-functional sensor system that simultaneously measures cathode and anode electrode potentials, dissolved ion (i.e. oxide) concentration, and temperatures in an electrochemical cell. One embodiment of the invented system generally comprises: a reference(saturated) electrode, a reference(sensing) electrode, and a data acquisition system. Thermocouples are built into the two reference electrodes to provide important temperature information.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 2005Date of Patent: December 15, 2009Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Laszlo Redey, Karthick Gourishankar, Mark A. Williamson
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Patent number: 6972083Abstract: Electrochemical monitoring system and method are provided for online determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration in slurries, e.g., a chemical mechanical polishing slurry. The monitoring system includes an electrochemical cell fluidly coupled to receive a slurry including hydrogen peroxide. The cell includes at least a working electrode made up of tungsten, a reference electrode and a counter electrode. The system further includes a potentiostat electrically coupled to the working electrode to supply a desired potentials in increments to the working electrode and measure current flow between the working electrode and the counter electrode. The amount of passive current established between the working electrode and the counter electrode over a selected time window is indicative of the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the slurry.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 2002Date of Patent: December 6, 2005Assignee: Agere Systems, Inc.Inventors: Vimalkur Haribhai Desai, Dnyanesh Chandrakant Tamboli
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Patent number: 6129831Abstract: The sensor electrode has a sensing surface intended to contact a liquid medium for continuous measuring, in combination with a counter electrode and a reference electrode, of the hydrogen peroxide concentration over a concentration range from 0.005 mole/liter to 3 mole/liter, said sensor consisting of a carbon electrode having an open circuit potential between -65 and -85 mV, said open circuit potential being measured with respect to a Ag/AgCl/saturated Cl.sup.- reference electrode in an alkaline solution having a pH between 10.5 and 14, said solution containing hydrogen peroxide at a concentration of more than 0.5 mole/liter.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1997Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignee: Universiteit Gent - Vakgroep TextielkundeInventors: Eduard Temmerman, Philippe Westbroek, Paul Kiekens
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Patent number: 6106692Abstract: There is provided a concentration sensor for measurement of concentrations of one or plural target substances in a system, with a detection electrode of conductive diamond. The measuring method with the concentration sensor involves measuring the reaction potentials of plural target substances in a sample containing and determining the concentrations of the plural substances by use of the difference between the resulting reaction potentials of the respective substances. The measuring method can also determine the concentration of a single substance in a sample containing one kind of target substance.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1998Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignees: Imra Japan Kabushikikaisha, Akira Fujishima, Kazuhito Hashimoto, Kohei UosakiInventors: Keiji Kunimatsu, Toshihide Nakata, Toshiya Saito, Mayumi Kazuta, Akira Fujishima, Kazuhito Hashimoto, Kohei Uosaki
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Patent number: 5932079Abstract: An electrochemical measuring cell for the simultaneous detection of different gas components in a gas sample, with a plurality of measuring electrodes (4, 5, 6) behind a diffusion barrier (7), with a common reference electrode (8) and counterelectrode (9) in an acid electrolyte, and with a potentiostatic evaluating circuit. Improvements in terms of service life for a sensor for the simultaneous detection of oxygen and carbon monoxide is provided with a reference electrode formed of a sintered mixture of metal and its metal oxide, preferably from the platinum group, the iridium group or gold and the potential of the CO-measuring electrode (5) relative to the reference electrode (8) is set at about 0 to 300 mV, and that of the O.sub.2 -measuring electrode (4) is set at a value between -300 and -800 mV.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1997Date of Patent: August 3, 1999Assignee: Dragerwerk AGInventors: Stephan Haupt, Christoph Bernstein, Gero Sagasser, Johannes Lagois
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Patent number: 5820745Abstract: The invention relates to a method as well as to an electrochemical sensor for measuring the concentration of at least one predetermined gas in a gas mixture by means of an electrolyte provided with a first and a second surface-mounted electrode, which are exposed to the gas mixture together with the electrode connected to a voltage source, wherein the voltage source causes an electrical current flowing through the electrodes and electrolyte, which is dependent upon the ion concentration and is measured as an indicator of the gas concentration.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 1997Date of Patent: October 13, 1998Assignee: Hergeus Electro-Nite International, N.V.Inventor: Peter M. Van Geloven
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Patent number: 5753101Abstract: A method for monitoring the constituents present in conversion coating bath solutions. The method involves using specific ac and dc voltammetry and using platinum or other noble metal working electrodes. First, a selected dc potential is applied to a working electrode which has been subjected to pretreatment and which is present as an in-tank sensor in the bath being analyzed. A constant ac signal is superimposed on the dc potential. The dc potential is then swept over a chosen range at a selected sweep rate. The various constituents in the bath are then monitored by measuring dc current and the ac current at one or more reference phase angles with respect to the constant ac signal between the working electrode and a reference electrode as the dc potential is varied. The resulting dc and ac spectra provide a useful measurement of the make-up of the constituents in the bath solutions.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 1996Date of Patent: May 19, 1998Inventor: Frank A. Ludwig
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Patent number: 5719911Abstract: A system for ensuring the distribution of noble metal in the reactor circuit during plant application without measuring the reactor water for noble metal content by chemical analysis. The system performs the measurement of electrochemical corrosion potential in an autoclave or a high-flow test section that is connected to the reactor water circuit through sample lines downstream of the injection port, preferably the point in the reactor circuit which is furthest from the injection port. If the noble metal flows into the autoclave or test section at these distant points in the reactor circuit, then the noble metal will deposit on the test specimens inside the autoclave or test section.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1997Date of Patent: February 17, 1998Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Samson Hettiarachchi, Robert Lee Cowan, II, Robert James Law, Thomas Pompilio Diaz
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Patent number: 5624546Abstract: A compact electrochemical cell utilized for the detection of numerous toxic gases. The cell includes working and counter electrodes, surrounded by a liquid electrolyte, all of which is enclosed behind a gas permeable, hydrophobic membrane. The working electrode may be a single electrode or may be composed of multiple glassy carbon electrodes arranged in a planar electrode array. The counter electrode is either spatially separated from the array or comprises one or more electrodes in the array. The electrolyte composition varies with the type of gas to be detected and can be aqueous, partially aqueous, or substantially non-aqueous. The electrolyte includes an alkali metal halide. A fixed potential applied between the working and counter electrodes is sufficient to initiate electrochemical reactions in the presence of the gas to be detected without interfering reactions of the electrolyte or air.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1995Date of Patent: April 29, 1997Assignee: Mil-Ram Technology, Inc.Inventor: Gary A. Milco
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Patent number: 5580439Abstract: The method of electrochemical determination of oxygen partial pressure in ionic melts includes providing a metal/metal oxide reference electrode consisting of an electrode body made of a metal selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Hf, Nb and Ta and alloys thereof and a layer of an oxide of that metal on the electrode body; immersing a pure platinum electrode and the metal/metal oxide reference electrode in a glass melt; measuring a potential across the metal/metal oxide reference electrode and the pure platinum electrode immersed in the glass melt to obtain a measured potential characteristic of the oxygen partial pressure in the glass melt; obtaining a calibration curve relating the potential across said reference electrode and the pure platinum electrode to the oxygen partial pressure in the glass melt as a function of temperature; and obtaining the oxygen partial pressure in the glass melt from the measured potential and the calibration curve.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 1995Date of Patent: December 3, 1996Assignee: Schott GlaswerkeInventors: Friedrich Baucke, Thomas Pfeiffer, Sylvia Biedenbender, Gernot Roth, Ralf-Dieter Werner
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Patent number: 5562815Abstract: An apparatus and method of electrochemically determining an oxygen concentration with an oxygen sensor that includes a working electrode. The working electrode has a potential profile that includes a first potential step (a first measuring potential), a second potential step (a second measuring potential) and a third potential step. A measuring period is provided at the first and second measuring potentials. The currents flowing at the first and second measuring potentials are calculated and integrated over time. One of the two measuring potentials may be varied, depending on the difference between the two integrals of the currents flowing at the first and second measuring potentials, until the two integrals equal 0. An oxygen concentration is then determined from the value of a potential which thereby results.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1995Date of Patent: October 8, 1996Assignee: Pacesetter ABInventor: Walter Preidel
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Patent number: 5538620Abstract: The invention concerns a novel electrochemical sensor with which to measure gas concentrations and comprising a measuring electrode and an associated electrode containing a carbonaceous material with a specific surface of at least 40 m.sup.2 /g and with electrochemically active surface compounds which can be reversibly oxidized/reduced.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1994Date of Patent: July 23, 1996Assignee: MST Micro-Sensor Technologie, GmbHInventor: Elena Nikolskaja