Abstract: A process for the conversion of a hydrocarbonaceous black oil, wherein the terminal heating of the black oil before conversion is performed by the admixture of said black oil with a gas comprising steam and having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbon conversion temperature.

Abstract: Method of activating a catalyst composite comprising particles of a catalytic metals-free crystalline zeolitic molecular sieve dispersed in a gel matrix comprising silica-alumina, a Group VI hydrogenating component and a Group VIII hydrogenating component, which method comprises heating said catalyst composite in an oxygen-containing gas stream at 1200.degree. to 1600.degree. F. for 0.25 to 43 hours, and the catalyst composite so activated.

Abstract: A low smoke point (e.g., 29) jet fuel can be used to produce a higher smoke point fuel (e.g., 40+) by blending with an additional more highly paraffinic fuel (e.g., high in C.sub.10 -C.sub.12 normal paraffins) boiling mainly within the fuel oil boiling range (e.g., 10% point of at least 270.degree.F and 90% point less than 540.degree.F). A preferred group of paraffinic fuels comprises n-decane, n-dodecane and mixtures thereof. Hydrogenated butylene and/or propylene polymers (e.g., trimer, tetramer), preferably hydrogenated propylene "tetramer" boiling mainly above 350.degree.F (e.g., 10% point of 360.degree.F), can also be used as additional components. The preferred 29+ smoke point fuel for blending with n-dodecane is obtained by a two stage hydrogenation of a paraffinic straight run kerosene having an API gravity of at least 42, and containing 12 to 16 weight percent aromatics and at least 45 weight percent paraffins. The blended fuel also can have a desirably low freeze point.

Abstract: A cogelled catalyst comprisng a crystalline zeolitic molecular sieve component containing less than 5 weight percent sodium and containing ions selected from Mn, rare earths of atomic numbers 58-71, and alkaline earths Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, said catalyst further comprising an alumina-containing gel component, a Group VI hydrogenating component and a Group VIII hydrogenating component, and processes using said catalyst.

Abstract: A stabilized lubricating oil stock resistant to oxidation and sludge formation upon exposure to a highly oxidative environment is formed by contacting the lubricating oil stock with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst of low acidity comprised of a platinum-group metal on a solid refractory inorganic oxide support.A benefit of the present treatment process is that a high sulfur lubricating oil stock can be converted hereby into a stock which can be formulated using an additive package not containing a zinc-based component.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating (hydroprocessing) hydrocarbons and mixtures of hydrocarbons utilizing a catalytic composite of a porous carrier material, a platinum or palladium component, an iridium component and a germanium component, in which process there is effected a chemical consumption of hydrogen. A specific example of one such catalyst is a composite of a crystalline aluminosilicate, a platinum component, an iridium component and a germanium component, for utilization in a hydrocracking process. Other hydrocarbon hydroprocesses are directed toward the hydrogenation of aromatic nuclei, the ring-opening of cyclic hydrocarbons, desulfurization, denitrification, hydrogenation, etc.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel catalysts, of two distinct types, useful for the catalytic hydroconversion of the 1050.degree.F.+ hydrocarbon material contained in heavy crudes and residua such that the resulting product will be suitable for further processing in conventional refinery operations allowing maximization of clean liquid products. Catalysts, which include Group VIB and Group VIII metals, preferably in admixture, and preferably including a Group IVA metal, notably germanium, having certain critical ranges of physical characteristics inclusive of large uniform pore sizes, are used for the conversion, these having been shown to possess improved catalytic activity and selectivity for the hydroconversion of the 1050.degree.F.+ materials of the heavy feeds and residua. Novel methods are described for the preparation of such catalysts, as well as for use of such catalysts. One of the catalysts, i.e.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel catalysts, of two distinct types, useful for the catalytic hydroconversion of the 1050.degree.F.+ hydrocarbon material contained in heavy crudes and residua such that the resulting product will be suitable for further processing in conventional refinery operations allowing maximization of clean liquid products. Catalysts, which include Group VIB and Group VIII metals, preferably in admixture, and preferably including a Group IVA metal, notably germanium, having certain critical ranges of physical characteristics inclusive of large uniform pore sizes, are used for the conversion, these having been shown to possess improved catalytic activity and selectivity for the hydroconversion of the 1050.degree.F.+ materials of the heavy feeds and residua. Novel methods are described for the preparation of such catalysts, as well as for use of such catalysts. One of the catalysts, i.e.

Abstract: A process for producing lubricating oils of enhanced photostability by hydrogenating a lubricating oil fraction of a hydrocrackate in the presence of a palladium catalyst supported on a silica-containing refractory inorganic oxide carrier in which the silica content is less than 40 weight %.

Abstract: A technical grade white oil of low UV absorptivity is made by the hydrogenation of a paraffinic distillate under specified conditions.

Abstract: Refrigeration oils are prepared by subjecting a crude lubricating oil fraction to mild hydrogenation, acid treating, dewaxing and clay percolation.

Abstract: The maximum conversion and desulfurization of residual petroleum oils having a high content of asphaltenes can be attained by first converting a maximum amount of the asphaltenes contained in these feeds by pretreating the feeds with hydrogen under a selected combination of operating conditions. Conditions of temperature between 700.degree. and 800.degree.F, liquid space velocity between 0.1 and 2.0 V.sub.f /hr/V.sub.r and hydrogen partial pressure between 1200 and 3000 psig, result in a maximum conversion of asphaltenes when 5 to 45 volume percent of the 975.degree.F+ fraction in the feedstock is converted to lower boiling fractions.

Abstract: A method for producing uninhibited transformer oil is disclosed which includes isolating a petroleum distillate that is primarily naphthenic and aromatic in character, boiling above 400.degree.F, having a viscosity between 50 and 100 SSU at 100.degree.F, and containing sulfur compounds; contacting the distillate with a solvent selective for aromatic hydrocarbons under conditions to produce a raffinate phase containing 15-30%v aromatic hydrocarbons; hydrotreating the raffinate phase to reduce the nitrogen content to at most 25 PPM, to maintain the sulfur content greater than 0.08%w, and to maintain the aromatic hydrocarbon content greater than 15%v. The product is an uninhibited transformer oil, and it can be further improved by regenerative clay treatment and by the addition of certain aromatic hydrocarbon compounds containing two or more six carbon membered fused or unfused rings, at least one of which is a benzene ring.