Abstract: A method for separating a calcite-rich low-grade fluorite barite paragenic ore, includes the following steps: S1, crushing; S2, performing classification on a crushed ore to obtain a fine-grained ore, a medium-grained ore and a coarse-grained ore; S3, performing jigging gravity separation on the medium-grained ore and the coarse-grained ore to obtain first barite concentrates and jigging tailings; S4, performing color sorting on the jigging tailings to obtain calcite minerals and color sorting tailings; S5, combining the fine-grained ore and the color sorting tailings, and then performing ore grinding to obtain feeding materials in flotation; S6, performing flotation on the feeding materials in flotation to obtain fluorite concentrates and flotation tailings; S7, performing chute gravity separation on the flotation tailings to obtain second barite concentrates and chute tailings. The method achieves an effect of obtaining high-quality acid-grade fluorite concentrates (CaF2?98%).

Abstract: A modified selective recirculation circuit has a loading stage, a stripping stage and a filtering stage for use in processing a feed stream or slurry containing mineral particles. The stripping stage forms a first loop with the loading stage, a second loop with the filtering stage. The loading stage has a loading mixer and a loading washing screen. The stripping stage has a stripping mixer and a stripping washing screen. The loading mixer receives the slurry and causes barren media in the circuit to contact with the slurry so that the mineral particles in the slurry are loaded onto the barren media. The media is directed to the stripping stage where the mineral particles are removed from the media. The barren media is recycled to the loading stage. The stripping solution recovered from the filtering stage is returned to the stripping stage and the mineral particles are discharged as concentrate.

Abstract: The field of the invention is oil sands processing. A solvent treatment system and process for treating a bitumen-containing stream include contacting that stream with a solvent-containing stream to produce an in-line flow of solvent diluted material; supplying the solvent diluted material into a separation vessel with axi-symmetric phase and velocity distribution and/or particular mixing and conditioning features. The solvent addition, mixing and conditioning may be performed with particular CoV, Camp number, co-annular pipeline reactor, pipe wall contact of low viscosity fluid, flow diffusing and/or flow straightening. The processes enable improved performance of downstream unit operations such as separation of high diluted bitumen from solvent diluted tailings.

Abstract: A process for trichome separation from plant matter deploys water slurry agitation and/or dry sieving to produce a mixture of solid trichomes and similar sized plant debris. The plant debris in each separate fraction is then removed by gravity filtration in a dense inert liquid, which is preferably a salt or brine solution. The desirable trichomes or trichome glands float on the dense liquid, while the undesirable vegetative matter sinks to the bottom of the brine containing vessel. The trichomes are readily removed and washed before further processing.

Abstract: A pumpbox apparatus includes a reservoir volume having a first inlet for receiving a feedstock stream and a second inlet for receiving a water stream, the reservoir volume being in communication with a discharge outlet disposed to discharge accumulated liquid from the reservoir volume. The reservoir volume is operable to accumulate the feedstock stream and the water stream in the reservoir volume while withdrawing a discharge stream through the discharge outlet to cause a flow of liquid through the pumpbox. The first inlet defines a first flow velocity region between the first inlet and the second inlet and a second flow velocity region between the second inlet and the discharge outlet. The first flow velocity is lower than the second flow velocity to facilitate flotation of a low specific gravity portion of the feedstock through the first region toward an upper surface of the liquid accumulated in the reservoir volume.

Abstract: A flotation method for mineral processing is disclosed. The method for floating includes a first step of using a first carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a first flotation cell, and a subsequent step includes using a second CMC in a subsequent flotation cell, the first and second CMCs having different characteristics. The first flotation cell may be used in at least one rougher stage and/or at least one rougher-scavenger stage of the flotation method, and the subsequent flotation cell may be used in at least one cleaner stage, and/or at least one cleaner scavenger stage, and/or at least one recleaner stage of the flotation method. A product may be obtained, directly or indirectly, by such a method. A mineral processing plant may use at least two CMCs of different characteristics in flotation for mineral processing.

Abstract: A synthetic bead for use in mineral separation is described. The synthetic bead has a surface made of a synthetic material such as polymer and the synthetic material is functionalized with molecules having a functional group for attaching mineral particles to the surface in a separation process. The synthetic beads can be placed in flotation cell containing a mixture of water, valuable material and unwanted material or in a pipeline where the mixture is transported from one location to another. The enriched synthetic beads carrying the mineral particles are separated from the unwanted materials in the mixture. The mineral particles are then released from the synthetic beads by means of low pH treatment, ultrasonic agitation, thermal or electromagnetic treatment.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed generally a biomass conditioning system and methods for conditioning biomass to remove undesirable material for further processing and applications. In some embodiments, the disclosure includes a biomass conditioning system including a conditioning tank, a water input device, a biomass input device, a containment device, a spillway, and a moving separation device. In some embodiments, methods according to the disclosure include pumping water into a conditioning tank, depositing biomass into the conditioning tank, allowing the biomass to soak in the water and separate into a bark portion and a non-bark portion, allowing the bark portion to float to a water line, containing the bark portion to one side of the conditioning tank, moving the bark portion into a bark storage area, separating the non-bark portion into a biomass portion and a debris portion, and moving the conditioned biomass portion into a storage area.

Abstract: A cement manufacturing apparatus capable of increasing quantity of fly ash used in the apparatus while controlling unburned carbon content in cement within a permissible range. The cement manufacturing apparatus comprises a removal means for removing unburned carbon from gypsum, and a grinding means for grinding gypsum from which unburned carbon is removed by the removal means together with clinker to generate cement. With the apparatus, total unburned carbon content in cement can be reduced, and the quantity of fly ash used in the apparatus can be, increased by the reduced amount of unburned carbon. The removal means can remove unburned carbon contained in gypsum as well as unburned carbon contained in fly ash, and the grinding means may grind the fly ash from which unburned carbon is removed together with the gypsum, from which unburned carbon is removed, and clinker.

Abstract: To reduce cost of chemical by reducing quantity of foaming agent used when removing unburned carbon in fly ash with wet floatation and to prevent decrease in activity index of the fly ash. In wet decarburization of fly ash, the solution comprising the steps of: adding water to fly ash to generate slurry; adding hydrophobizing agent and foaming agent to the slurry and agitating them to generate bubbles; and adhering unburned carbon in the fly ash to the bubbles to float them to remove the unburned carbon in the fly ash, when sedimentation component at wet floatation separation is solid-liquid separated and liquid phase obtained by solid-liquid separation is reused for another floatation separation for new fly ash, the quantity of foaming agent added to the slurry is adjusted such that concentration of the foaming agent in liquid phase is in a predetermined range.

Abstract: To effectively utilize coal ash while reducing mercury concentration in cement kiln exhaust gas. Coal ash is received from a thermal power plant or the like; the received coal ash is separated into ash and unburned carbon; the separated ash is utilized in a cement manufacturing facility as a cement raw material; and the separated unburned carbon is utilized in the cement manufacturing facility in accordance with mercury concentration in gas exhausted from a cement kiln of the cement manufacturing facility. In case that the mercury concentration in the gas exhausted from the cement kiln of the cement manufacturing facility is high, in the coal ash, unburned carbon with high mercury content can be treated in facilities other than the cement manufacturing facility without feeding the unburned carbon to the cement manufacturing facility, or the quantity of such unburned carbon fed to the cement manufacturing facility can be adjusted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carboxyl-containing polymers having higher storage stability and improved processability in the form of powders, pellets or granules and to their use in laundry detergents and cleaners, and also in further fields of use.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a composition of A) at least one quaternary ammonia compound comprising at least one organic radical bonded to the ammonia nitrogen atom and optionally comprising heteroatoms and having 1 to 36 carbon atoms, and B) at least one amine alkoxylate ester of formula (1) or a salt thereof, where A, B are, independently of each other, a C2- through C5-alkylene radical R1, a C8-through C24-alkyl radical or alkenyl radical R2, R3, R4 independent of each other, H, or a C8- through C24-acyl radical, with the stipulation that at least one of the radicals R2, R3 or R4 stands for a C8- through C24-acyl radical, and x, y, z, independently of each other, stand for a whole number from 0 through 50, with the stipulation that x+y+z is a whole number from 1 through 100, in quantities of 10 through 5000 g/tonne of ore as a collector in silicate floation.

Abstract: A method for separation of heterogeneous products included in household waste (HW) comprises separating the products in a fractionation vessel containing a liquid. The waste includes components, of which at least some are capable of floating in the liquid. The components are exposed to a first essentially horizontal force (P1) in a first direction (D1) enforced by a flow of the liquid in the fractionation vessel and to a second essentially horizontal force (P2) in a second direction (D2), which is substantially different from the first direction (D1). The combined impact of the forces (P1; P2) on the components spreads the components and leads them to at least two collection areas. Products of varying buoyancy may thus be treated separately.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering bitumen as froth from a feed stream having solids, water and bitumen is provided using a separating vessel having mounted thereon a downpipe assembly, the downpipe assembly having at least one downpipe and a nozzle in fluid communication with each downpipe, for aerating a stream of middlings withdrawn from the separating vessel and reintroducing the aerated middlings back to the separating vessel.

Abstract: A process and device for separation of plastic material from other stuff of a various density by a flotation process in a liquid bath. The process involves discharging heavier stuff that settles on the screen bottom by a movable screen bottom slowly moves in the direction of reducing a slot that exists between one edge of screen bottom and the wall of the flotation tank and then after having reached a final position too quickly and abruptly move in the counter-direction. That movement occurs in intervals. This abrupt motion of screen bottom initiates that kinetic energy accumulated in the heaps of metal and other heavy stuff moves this stuff towards the slot-edge and through the slot into a collection-container underneath the screen bottom to be discharged.

Abstract: A method can, in one general aspect, include steps for the recovery of potassium sulfate and mirabilite from glaserite. In another general aspect, a method includes dissolving glaserite in water at an elevated temperature to produce a saturated or nearly saturated solution, and cooling the solution to a temperature where potassium sulfate and mirabilite will crystallize from the solution as stable phases. In yet another general aspect, a method includes adding glaserite to a saturated solution of glaserite in water and mixing for enough time at a temperature where the glaserite will decompose into potassium sulfate and mirabilite as stable phases. In yet another general aspect, a method includes separating potassium sulfate from mirabilite using a froth floatation process.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a compound of formula R—N-[A-NH2]2??(1) wherein R represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms while A represents a C2 to C4 alkylene group, as collector in silicate flotation.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a compound of the formula (I) where R1 is a hydrocarbon group having 1-40 carbon atoms, R2 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2-4 carbon atoms, and also R3 is an alkoxy group, n is in the range from 1 to 50, and m is 1 or 2, as flotation reagent in silicate flotation R1—O—R2—NH(2-m)—[(R3)n—H]m??(I)

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a method for separating molecules on the basis of size and or structure, and to a method of making the apparatus. Generally, the separation method includes passing a fluid comprising particles having different effective molecular diameters through a plurality of open, nanoscale channels disposed in surfaces of substrates. The method also includes obtaining a plurality of fractions of the passed fluid such that each of the fractions includes a major portion containing particles having similar size and shape and substantially free of particles having larger size and shape. The apparatus includes first and second substrates each of which has a surface containing a plurality of open, nanoscale channels disposed therein. The surfaces are bonded together such that each of the channels of the first substrate is in fluid communication with at least two of the channels of the second substrate and is misaligned relative to the channels of the second substrate.

Abstract: The invention is a flotation circuit for separating concentrates from slurry comprising grinded ore or oil sand. The slurry is floated in a flotation circuit that comprises flotation cells arranged is series or in parallel, and the slurry is divided at least into two fractions in a flotation cell system that is arranged to receive a feed of mineral slurry from a grinding circuit and provided with at least two outlet openings for discharging tailings with different particle size distributions. The flotation circuit also comprises cell lines, i.e. banks of cells, that are arranged to receive the tailings from the outlet openings of the receiving cell and adapted to process slurries with different particle size distribution.

Abstract: A system for the continuous use and recapture of a catalyst in liquid, comprising: a generally vertical reactor having a reaction zone with generally downwardly flowing liquid, and a catalyst recovery chamber adjacent the reaction zone containing a catalyst consisting of buoyant particles. The liquid in the reaction zone flows downward at a rate which exceeds the speed of upward buoyant migration of catalyst particles in the liquid, whereby catalyst particles introduced into the liquid in the reaction zone are drawn downward with the liquid. A slow flow velocity flotation chamber disposed below the reaction zone is configured to recapture the catalyst particles and allow them to float back into the catalyst recovery chamber for recycling into the reaction zone, rather than being swept downstream. A novel 3-dimensionally adjustable solar reflector directs light into the reaction zone to induce desired photocatalytic reactions within the liquid in the reaction zone.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a reactive oily bubble carrier comprising: (a) a gas bubble having an oil-coating; and (b) a collector dissolved within the oil-coating. The present invention also provides for the use a reactive oily bubble carrier in a flotation target particle separation process. The present invention also provides for a flotation target particle separation process using the reactive oily bubble carriers disclosed herein.

Abstract: The carbon and mineral components of fly ash are effectively separated by a continuous air agglomeration method, resulting in a substantially carboree mineral stream and a highly concentrated carbon product. The method involves mixing the fly ash comprised of carbon and inorganic mineral matter with a liquid hydrocarbon to form a slurry, contacting the slurry with an aqueous solution, dispersing the hydrocarbon slurry into small droplets within the aqueous solution by mechanical mixing and/or aeration, concentrating the inorganic mineral matter in the aqueous solution, agglomerating the carbon and hydrocarbon in the form of droplets, collecting the droplets, separating the hydrocarbon from the concentrated carbon product, and recycling the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A method for preparing a mixture of plastics that are incompatible in view of processing in a shaping process, such as by extrusion, characterized by providing an initial mixture of a first part which is essentially composed of uniform material in view of a group of chemical substances, and a second part, separating the first part from the second part, processing the second part to enlarge or modify the surfaces of the constituents of the second part, then recombining the first and second parts into a final mixture, with the second part being essentially uniformly distributed in the first part of the mixture so that an essentially uniform product will occur when processing the mixture in a shaping process. The invention is also directed to a mixture manufactured by this method.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for deinking pulp which has been made from paper printed with flexographic ink. The process uses a surfactant component made from a fatty acid or a fatty acid blend and at least one alkoxylated diamine selected from Formula I: ##STR1## where X, Y, W and Z may be alike or different and are each independently selected from the group consisting of(i) --(CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--O).sub.a (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.b --;(ii) --(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2)--O).sub.c (CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--O).sub.d --; and(iii) random copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide,wherein a, b, c and d are each selected independently to be a number between 1 and 30 so as to give an HLB value between 5-15.

Abstract: A mobile installation for the treatment of household refuse comprises an elongated vehicle having a centrally located water tank into which the refuse is dumped. Heavier components which settle to the bottom of the tank are transported by an endless conveyor from one end of the tank to a magnetic separator which removes magnetic metal. Other heavy components drop into a crusher and the crushed material is mixed with additives such as cement or coal dust and compressed in a press. Lighter components are removed from the opposite end of the tank by an upwardly inclined screw conveyor which squeezes out much of the water. The lighter components are then mixed with additives such as cement and compressed by an extruder press.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to silicon carbide whisker recovery from a mixture of silicon carbide whiskers and carbonaceous silicon carbide particles. The invention involves shredding the mixture down to a specified size, dispersing the mixture in water to form an aqueous mixture, mixing in an effective amount of flocculating agent, agitating the aqueous mixture, mixing the aqueous mixture with an immiscible organic liquid, agitating the resulting water-organic liquid mixture, allowing settling of the aqueous mixture and organic liquid so as to establish two liquid phases, separating the two liquid phases into an organic liquid phase and an aqueous phase and, lastly, performing a solid-liquid separation on the aqueous phase, thereby obtaining from the aqueous phase the desired silicon carbide whiskers.

Abstract: Waste paper is treated to recover the fiber content thereof in a clean condition and without damaging the fibers by shredding the paper, admixing the paper with a treatment agent, retaining the paper and admixed treatment agent in a treatment zone for a period of time during which the paper is substantially completely disintegrated in the treatment agent, diluting the mixture, and processing the mixture through further treatment stations to a final flotation stage wherein the now clean fibers are separated from the liquid whereby the fibers can then be used in a further papermaking operation.