Abstract: The present invention provides a method for decontaminating aqueous paper pulp comprising a decontaminating cell. The decontaminating cell has an upper light contaminate collection hood and/or a lower heavy contaminate collection trough. Paper pulp is provided to the cell under a pulp head sufficient to purge the contaminates therefrom.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for dispersing particles suspended in a fluid by creating an obstacle field in a region of a conduit or receptacle and causing the fluid to flow through the conduit where the obstacle field has a configuration that causes the particles suspended in the fluid to disperse in a differential manner in a direction perpendicular to the flow of fluid as the fluid flows through the obstacle field.

Abstract: Coal spiral having a relatively short first stage helix for separating a slurry into clean coal, refuse and middlings splits, and a relatively short second stage helix for recleaning middlings split from the first stage. The first stage has only 3.25 turns, the second stage has only two turns, and a combination separator box and feed box delivers the middlings directly from the first stage to the second. The two helices are aligned coaxially, and are of opposite rotational sense to provide counter-rotation of the middlings in the two stages.

Abstract: A cyclone-turbine of the stator-rotor type comprising a rotor with mobile blades inside the cage of a stator with fingers of rectangular section, characterized in that a throttling disk is positioned between the cage of the stator and the stack above the cyclone-turbine.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for extracting impurities from a pulpous slurry. The apparatus has an upper housing (11), a conical, lower housing (12) and an auxiliary chamber (13). The upper housing has a separation chamber (27) having an upper shell entry portion (31) for causing a first stream of slurry to rotate within the separation chamber and a lower shell entry portion (35) for causing a second stream of slurry to rotate within the separation chamber in a direction opposite to the first stream. The rotation of the streams causes heavy impurities to collect along the outermost portion of the separation chamber. The opposite directions of rotation causes a generally stagnant zone between the rotating streams.

Abstract: An apparatus provides the removal of particular matter from an aqueous carrier such as water, water-based slurry, mine slurry, or the like. Particles below 40 mesh in size can be separated from the aqueous carrier and concentrated with like particles according to their specific gravity and flow characteristics. A plurality of guides are provided for directing the aqueous carrier into different flow paths which are configured to take advantage of the force of gravity for diverting the aqueous carrier into a plurality of drop channels. The drop channels contain additional flow diversion guides for diverting a portion of the primary flow through a respective drop channel. As the aqueous carrier flows through the guides and into the drop channels by gravity, the diversionary flow paths tend to pull matter below a desired density out of a primary drop channel. This enables particulate matter to be separated from the aqueous carrier and to be concentrated at a selected density.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating heavy impurities from a fiber suspension include a centrifugal pump capable of separating heavy impurities towards the periphery of the interior chamber of the pump. The fiber suspension is caused to rotate in the interior chamber so as to urge the suspension downstream as well as separate the impurities towards the periphery of the chamber where they can be collected.

Abstract: An apparatus for purifying fuel, comprising a closed container having a top, a bottom, an inlet for impure fuel and an outlet for purified fuel placed at a level over the inlet, both coupled near the top of the container, a heating bulb to heat the impure fuel and allow the settlement of impurities and a valve in the bottom to remove the impurities from the container; a partition wall coupled in the container above the inlet and under the outlet, and a hollow body dependently coupled to the partition wall, defining a surrounding chamber under the partition wall to receive the impure fuel to the bottom of the container, an inner chamber in the hollow body under the partition wall, for purifying fuel, and an upper chamber over the partition wall for purified fuel; and a passage in the partition wall communicating said inner and upper chambers, to allow passage of the purified fuel to the upper chamber.

Abstract: Pump-like inlet blading has operatively connected therewith a multi-stage stepped diffusor axially opening into a separation chamber. For the removal of light particles, openings or recesses are provided at the outlet side of an inner cylinder and such merge with withdrawal channels at the inner cylinder. If necessary, there are provided for the heavy particles a collecting groove at least in front of turbine-like outlet blading and from which lead openings, so-called saveall openings towards the outside. These saveall openings are briefly alternatingly opened and closed during operation of the stock suspension cleaner. The fluid stream of the cleaned stock suspension is removed by the turbine-like outlet blading. At least one part of the inner cylinder which delimits the separation chamber is separately rotatable relative to the outer cylinder, so that such inner cylinder part can be rotated at a different rotational speed than the outer cylinder.

Abstract: A sewage treatment system which presents a main flow line and a recirculating line, the former for flock which has appreciated in size due to the addition of a polymer and passage through an area of agitation/turbulence and the latter for the return of small sized flock to the agitator/turbulence area for size increase. The passageways of the system include movable flaps, serving recirculation purposes, and a ledge or flutter for current creation and flock build-up. Raw liquid sewage enters the system, where the outlet leads to a belt press and/or a dry bed to cake the resulting sludge.

Abstract: Fractionation apparatus (20) is disclosed which utilizes a rapidly rotating disk which receives a liquid suspension of particles to be separated onto its rotating face surface (35). When the film of liquid and particles on the rotating face surface (35) reaches the peripheral edge (38) of the face, particles having sufficient kinetic energy to overcome surface forces (e.g., above a certain size) are radially ejected while particles with less kinetic energy (e.g., smaller particles) and the liquid are carried over the edge onto the surface of a depending rim (39). The suspension of smaller particles and liquid is carried down the rim to the rim edge (40) at which point the smaller particles and liquid are disengaged. A separator wall (27) may be interposed between the two streams of particles emanating from the disk (24) to provide a physical separation of the larger and smaller particles once they have left the disk.

Abstract: A new field flow fractionation process for the separation of particles using a modified channel structure to achieve hydrodynamic relaxation without involving a stop-flow procedure and thus provide improved speed of operation as well as improved sample concentration, the new improved channel structure comprising a thin channel having one or more permeable wall sections contained in the enclosing wall or walls of the channel, the permeable wall sections making up not more than 25% of the total wall area of the channel, and adjustable flow control valves for controlling the flowrate of any fluid at the inlet end of the channel and independent flow control valves for controlling the flow rate of the fluid being introduced into or withdrawn from the permeable wall sections.

Abstract: A device for separating particles in a liquid in which a paper suspension to be cleaned and supplied to a chamber of revolution (1) rotating about an axis (2). Movable deviators (7, 8) precede the fixed outlets (9, 10) to intercept most of the through-put of the suspension in the region of the periphery of the chamber (1), then deviate it towards the longitudinal axis of rotation (2) so as to recover most of the kinetic energy of rotation. The outlets (7, 8, 9, 10) are situated at the opposite end to that of chamber (1) from the supply (5, 6) and are arranged at the periphery of this chamber (1). A diabolo-shaped central body of revolution (11) is arranged inside the chamber, along the longitudinal axis of rotation (2) for rotation about its axis and with a radial run-off (12) in the vicinity of its smallest cross-section connected to an axial outlet duct (13).

Abstract: Fractionation apparatus utilizes a rapidly rotating disk which receives a suspension of particles to be separated in a liquid. The rotating disk has a planar floor onto which the particle containing liquid is supplied. The floor is joined to an inclined inner wall in a smooth curve. An axially symmetric trip, located between the inner wall and an outwardly extending, preferably upwardly inclined skirt, maintains particles in the film away from the surface of the disk and results in more efficient ejection of large particles from the liquid. Smaller particles are ejected from the disk along the rim which descends from the skirt or from the edge at which the skirt joins the rim. The characteristics of the disk surface, the disk speed, the size and number of trips, the suspension feed rate, and other operating conditions can be selected such that highly efficient fractionations of particle suspensions, such as wood pulp slurries, can be obtained.

Abstract: A process for continuous particle and polymer separation comprising injecting a stream of carrier fluid containing the material to be separated into the inlet end of a thin channel, adjusting the flow rate to a sufficiently high level that flow-dependent lift forces the different components to different transverse positions by the time they reach the end of the channel, splitting the outlet flow into at least two substreams by means of physical splitters, adjusting the flowrates of the multiple substreams such that the transverse position of the outlet splitting plane divides the particles into enriched fractions, collecting the enriched or separated components from the emerging outlet streams.

Abstract: A concentrator has an inclined hollow casing and a separating chamber communicating therewith having a pipe for supplying a material being handled, a pipe for discharging heavy fraction of the material being handled and a first pipe for supplying a separating fluid. A second pipe for supplying the separating fluid connects to the pipe for discharging heavy fraction.

Abstract: A particle separator comprising a liquid column having a liquid admission point located above the column lower end. Coarse size particles migrate downwardly to a hopper in the columns lower end. Carrier liquid flows upwardly through the column; fine size particles are removed at different levels along the liquid path.

Abstract: A gravity concentrator has a casing provided with at least one diaphragm connected to a drive for initiating pulsations in the casing which has pipes for supplying a material being treated and separating fluid and pipes for discharging heavy and light fractions of the material being treated.

Abstract: A thin channel split flow process for particle fractionation which effects a rapid and efficient separation of the particles comprising continuously introducing two or more fluid substreams of different composition into separate inlet ports of a thin enclosed channel having a thickness which is very thin compared to the other two dimensions and bringing the substreams into contact with adjacent substreams so as to collectively form a series of thin laminae flowing parallel to one another in the channel and in contact with one another over a sufficient length of channel to allow a desired level of mass transport between and through laminae, continuously introducing a fluid medium containing the particles to be separated as one or more of the fluid substreams and independently of the particle concentration, varying the fluid composition of the different substreams as needed to realize separation, at the outlet end of the channel splitting the collective streams into another set of substreams so as to permit sep

Abstract: An acoustic standing wave is established in a fluid medium with a varying energy density in its nodal planes. Particles in the fluid medium responsive to the acoustic energy accumulate at these nodal planes and by the action of the variations of energy density in conjunction with the fluid viscous forces and/or field forces acting in the direction of the nodal planes, the movement of the particles held at these planes can be controlled. The adverse effects of attenuation of the acoustic beams producing the standing wave are reduced in this system, because any streaming due to imbalance of the acoustic forces forming the standing wave does not act in the direction in which the movement of the particles can be controlled.

Abstract: A thin channel split flow process for particle fractionation which effects a rapid and efficient separation of the particles comprising introducing a stream of fluid containing the particles to be separated into the inlet end of a thin enclosed channel whose transverse dimension is very small, applying a special field or gradient or combination thereof transversely across the thin dimension of the channel to create a driving force a component of which is perpendicular to the main flow plane, adjusting the flow rate to achieve laminar flow conditions throughout the channel to allow the particles under the influence of the field/gradient to segregate into different stream laminae as they approach different transverse equilibrium positions, splitting the channel stream at the outlet end into substreams containing different separated fractions of the particles in the initial mixture, recovering the substream and thereby recovering the separated fractions.

Abstract: A cyclonic separator for separating solid particles from a fluid comprises a housing including a chamber, a first deflector between the chamber and its inlet for deflecting the fluid flowing from the inlet to a radially-extending passageway before reaching the chamber, and a second deflector between the radially-extending passageway and the chamber for deflecting the fluid in the circumferential direction before entering the chamber to produce a vortex therein for separation of solid particles from the fluid before the fluid reaches the chamber outlet. The housing further includes a dirt-purging outlet at the bottom of the chamber for purging the solid particles settling therein.

Abstract: An improved method of centrifugally separating, cleaning or classifying solids contained in a fluid flow delivered to a hydrocyclone 2 through inlet 28 wherein the removal of unacceptable material, i.e. rejects, is enhanced and the loss of acceptable material in the rejects is reduced by introducing a secondary fluid having a solids content of less than about 0.2% by weight into the separating chamber 24 through inlet 38 in a substantially helical swirling flow pattern coaxially about the vortex formed by the solids containing flow. An additional flow of low-solids secondary fluid is introduced into a secondary separating chamber 64 disposed at the apex end of the hydrocyclone 2 to receive the rejects flow from the primary separating chamber 24.

Abstract: The device has an endless conveyor belt 29 supported on support rollers 17, 18, 18', 6, 32, 31, 7, which forms a washing trough 30, to which the material to be washed is fed via a chute 12. The device is mounted on a machine frame 1, which comprises individual supports 2 and 26. The entire device is fixed to a rectangular base frame 3 surrounding the device, which is pivotally arranged at one end transversely to the direction of travel 10 of the conveyor belt 29 on a bearer 4 and axles 5, while on the opposite side/end is fitted a height adjustment mechanism between the device or the frame 26 and the base frame 3.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for classifying particles which essentially comprise a circular chamber with first and second ends. A high pressure inlet is mounted tangentially to the side of the circular chamber and a high pressure outlet is, likewise, mounted tangentially to the chamber. A low pressure inlet and outlet are mounted to the end of the chamber. The second end is adjustable toward or away from the first end. When a high pressure fluid is communicated to the high pressure inlet and high pressure fluid is removed from the high pressure outlet, a certain portion of the high pressure will be moving toward the low pressure outlet. The particles to be separated are injected axially into the chamber. If the particles are of sufficient weight, they will move by centrifugal force to the high pressure outlet. The remaining particles will move because of the drag created by the fluid moving from the high pressure inlet to the low pressure outlet to separate the heavy particles from the light particles.

Abstract: Mobile mineral processing apparatus comprising at least one module having a base, frame structure and a roof. The base is mounted on skids or the like whereby the module can be moved from place to place at will. Also, each module is demountable for convenient transport from one site to another and for convenient reassembly at the new site. In a basic form of the apparatus there is a preliminary separation module having an inclined screen for separating feed material into waste and treatment components, and a concentrator module having several banks of spiral concentrators which receive the treatment component and process that component to achieve a satisfactory level of recovery of the mineral of interest. Water and power distribution systems together with ancilliary equipment such as pumps and motors are provided as an integral part of the apparatus. The apparatus is therefore self contained and fully operational subject only to connection of external sources of water and power.

Abstract: Device for the separation of substances contained in a liquid, when such substances exhibit a density, which is close to the density of the liquid, the device preferably being used for the extraction of fat and protein matters from process water in the food industry.By in vertical direction accelerating and the flow of a liquid containing particles with higher or lower density than the liquid, in which the particles are suspended, and at the same time change the direction of flow, particles heavier than the suspending liquid can settle on the bottom of a vessel (1), from where they can be drawn off, and particles lighter than the suspending liquid are collected on the surface, from where they can be removed by for example skimming.The acceleration and retardation are brought about by changes of areas in a vessel with a guided flow and where the direction of flow, which is substantially vertical, is turned by about 180.degree. at several occasions.

Abstract: Fractionation apparatus (20) is disclosed which utilizes a rapidily rotating disk which receives a liquid suspension of particles to be separated onto its rotating face surface (35). When the film of liquid and particles on the rotating face surface (35) reaches the peripheral edge (38) of the face, particles above a certain size are radially ejected while smaller particles and the liquid are carried over the edge onto the surface of a depending rim (39). The suspension of smaller particles and liquid is carried down the rim to the rim edge (40) at which point the smaller particles and liquid are disengaged. A separator wall (27) may be interposed between the two streams of particles emanating from the disk (24) to provide a physical separation of the larger and smaller particles once they have left the disk.

Abstract: The method of separating the solid phase in a drilling mud includes forming from the drilling mud an adhesion layer 2 on a rotated curvilinear closed surface 3 partly projected into the drilling mud. Then a portion of this adhesion layer is separated onto another rotated curvilinear closed surface 5 positioned to contact a portion of the adhesion layer 2. The respective linear speeds of the adhesion layer 2 and of said another rotating closed curvilinear surface 5 in the area of their contact are selected to be substantially equal. The method of the invention provides for regulating the separation of the solid phase in drilling mud within a wide range depending on the mineralogical composition thereof.

Abstract: A method for separating solid phase from drilling mud, comprising forming from drilling mud an adhesive layer 4 on a revolving closed curvilinear surface 3 by partially submerging it in the drilling mud and forming from a treatment liquid (5) an adhesive layer (7) on another closed curvilinear surface (6) which is caused to rotate in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the first curvilinear surface (3). Both closed curvilinear surfaces (3, 6) are arranged in such a manner that their adhesive layers (4, 7) penetrate one another at a depth sufficient for the adhesive layer (7) of the treatment liquid to take-off coarse solid phase particles from the adhesive layer (4) of the drilling mud. Linear velocities of the adhesive layers (4, 7) are chosen in such a manner that the resultant centrifugal forces be equal to or lower than the centripetal forces.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with an improved flotation plant in which gassed solid particles can be removed from a carrying liquid stream by a separating means. The invention proposes curving the path along which the gassed stream passes upstream of the separating means to facilitate the separation of the gassed and ungassed components.

Abstract: A continuous flow of material is separated in a continuous centrifugal classifying method into at least one fraction of coarse material and at least one fraction of fine material using a deflected flow with the stream of material introduced in a thin layer into a classifying flow which is deflected in a classifying region, the classifying flow being internally adjacent a curved inner deflection wall having an inner deflection angle greater than approximately 45.degree.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a fluid-tight housing oscillated about a vertical axis, the housing containing a central deflector separating the housing into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. Baffles are provided in both chambers, above and below the deflector. The upper baffle directs the incoming slurry radially outwardly in a torical path, throwing the particulate material toward a periphery of the housing in the first separation zone, in a gravity induced flow, through the annular passageway into the lower hopper where the relatively lighter and heavier constituents are then separated and separately discharged from the housing. A ring dam formed in the second baffle provides a recess into which the lighter constituents overflow where they are reunited with the liquid flow path and thus discharged from the housing.