Abstract: A separator for the magnetic removal of magnetizable particles, consists of an application unit for the application and the transport of sample and buffer, a separating unit of plastic or glass for the removal of the magnetizable particles, and a collecting unit. The separating unit is provided with one or more electromagnets, which are able, owing to their magnetic force, to hold the magnetizable particles back in the separating unit.

Abstract: A magnetic separator for separating relatively magnetic particles from relatively non-magnetic particles comprises a superconducting magnet providing a uniform magnetic field and a current carrying conductor dispersed in the field such that relatively magnetic particles are captured by the conductor. The current conductor is in the form of a matrix having either randomly, radially, spirally or parallelly set pairs of wires.

Abstract: A superconducting magnetic separator wherein the magnet coil or coils are in the shape of a vertically oriented oval. The coils are mounted in an evacuated cryostat housing which provides a flat vertical magnetic separating zone on one or both vertical faces.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing used empty aluminum and steel cans wherein groups of empty cans are carried upwardly on an inclined conveyor between spaced inclined ribs and separately sequentially discharged therefrom into an air duct wherein empty cans are blown to a crusher whereat the empty cans are sequentially crushed and fall onto a magnetic separator whereat crushed aluminum cans are separated from crushed steel cans and fall into a weigh hopper whereat the weight of crushed aluminum cans is determined whereupon compensation is dispensed for the value of the crushed aluminum cans. Thereafter, the crushed aluminum cans are sequentially dropped into an air duct and blown to a storage bin.

Abstract: A separator to receive a fluid slurry containing magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles and operable to increase the concentration of the magnetic particles at one region within the slurry and deplete the concentration of the magnetic particles at another region of the slurry. There are no moving parts in this separator and its operation is continuous.

Abstract: A flowable mixture of particles is separated in accordance with the magnetic susceptibilities of the particles by feeding the mixture into a magnetic field in such a manner that the mixture is urged by a non-magnetic force, e.g., gravity, towards the locus at which the magnetic energy gradient H.differential.H/.differential.X of the field is at a maximum. The magnetic energy gradient defines a magnetic barrier along the locus of its maximum magnitude which exerts a magnetic force on the particles in opposition to the non-magnetic feeding force. Particles having a magnetic susceptibility lower than that value at which the force exerted by the magnetic barrier balances the non-magnetic feeding force pass through the barrier, whereas particles of greater magnetic susceptibility are prevented from crossing from one side of the barrier to the other side and may thereafter be recovered separately from the less susceptible particles.

Abstract: An annular flexible element is coupled between a motor-driven flange assembly and a drum mounted for rotation about a fixed shaft to provide a direct drive for a magnetic separator. The direct drive avoids the need for external belts, chains or gears, and the flexible element provides a seal between the flange assembly and the drum to provide contaminant-free operation during processing of ores and other materials.

Abstract: Polymeric functional microspheres containing metal or metal compounds are formed by addition polymerization of a covalently bondable olefinic monomer such as hydroxyethylmethacrylate in the presence of finely divided metal or metal oxide particles, such as iron, gold, platinum or magnetite, which are embedded in the resulting microspheres. The microspheres can be covalently bonded to chemotherapeutic agents, antibodies, or other proteins providing a means for labeling or separating labeled cells. Labeled cells or microspheres can be concentrated at a specific body location such as in the vicinity of a malignant tumor by applying a magnetic field to the location and then introducing the magnetically attractable microspheres or cells into the circulatory system of the subject. Labeled cells can be separated from a cell mixture by applying a predetermined magnetic field to a tube in which the mixture is flowing.

Abstract: A magnetic separator, for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid, consists of a separating chamber filled with a paramagnetic packing material, and a magnet for establishing a magnetic field within the packing material. The packing material is pervious to the fluid. A process for separating magnetizable particles from a fluid consists in applying a magnetic field to the packing material while passing the fluid therethrough, so as to attract the magnetizable particles in the fluid to collecting sites within the packing material.

Abstract: A high gradient magnetic separator particularly for the desulfurization of coal. The process and apparatus are continuous and suitable for high volumes of material in a fluid stream. They employ the concept of a high gradient magnetic field through a stream of material that has some portion of magnetic particles which are to be separated. Within the separator is a matrix of magnetizable material, such as stainless steel wool. A magnetic field is formed of a series of magnetic coils surrounding the stream of material from the inlet to an outlet. Each of the coils are magnetized and then demagnetized in sequence so as to drop or release magnetic particles from the steel wool to the fluid stream as it flows through the separator.As the magnetic particles concentrate they are flushed out through a diverter valve for a short moment and the process continues. Passage of the stream of material is continuous for all practical purposes.

Abstract: A magnetic field is established in a predetermined zone. A quantity of fluid, from which native magnetizable particles are to be separated, is passed through the predetermined zone; and, at the same time, a magnetizable material is passed through the predetermined zone in the same direction as the fluid, so that native magnetizable particles are attracted to the magnetizable material.

Abstract: Airborne magnetic toner is recovered from the vicinity of a magnetizable recording medium by magnetically attracting the toner with a magnetic field which does not alternate in magnetic polarity thereby magnetically polarizing the toner; and, subsequently passing the polarized magnetic toner through a magnetic field which alternates in magnetic polarity thereby decreasing the magnetic polarization of the magnetic toner. This procedure maintains the flow characteristics of the toner and avoids the clumping together of toner normally associated with magnetic recovery of magnetic toner.

Abstract: Particles suspended in a fluid carrier are differentially separated by, first, grading the particles into fractions of equal settling rates and, second, separating the equal-settling particles of each fraction according to the magnetic susceptibilities of the particles. The particulate sample to be separated is passed through a two-path parallel flow system. In one path, the sample is selectively graded, by elutriation, into equal-settling fractions. Each such fraction then flows directly to the second path, where it crosses a magnetic field at a velocity proportional to its settling rate. Such proportionality between settling rate and flow velocity provides a residence time which ensures that the degree of deflection, in response to gravitational and magnetic forces, required for separate recovery of magnetic particles, on the one hand, and non-magnetic particles, on the other hand, will be attained within the active length of the magnetic field.

Abstract: Containers made of various materials, such as aluminum and steel beverage cans, and glass beverage bottles, are crushed and separated to permit recycling of the metallic materials by a method and apparatus comprising crushing the containers in a container crushing means having two cone shaped members being rotationally frictionally engageable with each other, one of the cone shaped members being displaceable from the other against the resistance of a spring means, wherein the containers are crushed as they pass between the cone shaped members, conveying the crushed containers away from the crushing means on a container conveyor and separator means comprising an endless belt member having a first end portion for receiving crushed containers from the crushing means and a second end portion, separating the magnetic from the non-magnetic crushed containers by subjecting the containers to a magnetic field at the second end portion of the belt member whereby the non-magnetic containers are discharged from the belt

Abstract: A can crusher having a pair of vertically aligned wheels with one of the wheels having a resilient tire and the other, driven wheel being non-resilient and having outer projecting bar means that contact the resilient tire. A vertical chute directs the cans into the intersecting contact area of the rotating wheels and a second chute directs the crushed cans at the velocity imparted by the rotating wheels to contact a deflecting surface, whereby the cans are deflected at a high velocity into an air passage containing air moving therein under pressure that in turn passes through a venturi at the point of mixing with the cans, increasing the velocity of movement of the carrying air. Also the suction for the air under pressure is used to separate cans to be crushed from bottles.