Abstract: A process and an apparatus are useful for identifying articles which are at least partly made from at least one polymer. The process and apparatus use an optical spectrometer and a transport system, whereby the articles to be identified are moved by the transport system past the optical spectrometer, where they are irradiated, response measured and analyzed. An external reference object is also transported, by the transport system, past the optical spectrometer such that it becomes possible to use the measured response for the reference object to identify, with greater accuracy, the articles to be identified.

Abstract: An internal qualities inspection system having a receiving tray for placing an inspecting object thereon with a receiving seat and a transmission light passage formed in the receiving tray is arranged to detect light transmitted through the object from below the receiving tray. The inspection system is capable of efficiently detecting the transmission light from inside of each of inspecting objects of varied shapes and varied kinds by adjusting the quantity of light projected on the object according to its size and kind. The system includes in combination a light receiving part and a calibration arrangement which are not affected by any disturbance light to ensure a highly reliable measuring accuracy.

Abstract: The orientation of textile articles such as stockings and socks having closed or open toe are detected by a method and apparatus, in a plant for the automatic treatment of articles in which the articles are pneumatically moved. A machine (6) requires the articles to arrive in a predetermined orientation, that is, presented with either their toe or opposite portion thereof facing the machine (6). Upstream of machine (6) is a removal device (2) able to pick up one or more articles from a container (1) in which the article are disposed in bulk. The apparatus and method are between removal device (2) and machine (6). A tubular chamber (30) is provided with an input/output section (300) for the articles. A fixed pin (31) is disposed centrally within the chamber (30) and substantially coaxial thereto. The articles are fitted onto the pin 30. A detection device (37) detects the presence of an article fitted onto the pin (31).

Abstract: A method for separating objects, such as stones, wherein each object is dropped through a predefined path, such as a drop tube. Then, for each object, the time when the object passes through a predefined point in the path is determined, as are selected characteristics, such as the color, of the object. The characteristics of the object are matched, if possible, to various criteria and, depending on the criteria to which the object is matched, a diverter gate is activated to divert the object from the predefined path to an appropriate collection bin.

Abstract: A bill acceptor is constructed to include a housing, the housing having a base for holding a banknote for examination, a first light emitter adapted to emit infrared light onto the banknote carried on the base of the housing for examination, a second light emitter adapted to emit ultraviolet light onto the banknote for visual examination, an image sensor adapted to pick up infrared light reflected from the banknote carried on the base of the housing and to convert received light signal into image signal, and a display adapted to display image signal obtained from the image sensor for verifying the authenticity of the banknote.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and system for sorting a plurality of green wood veneer sheets into a plurality of subsets of sheets, the subsets including a “driest” subset, a “wettest” subset, and one or more “intermediate” subsets. The system has a light source for transmitting light through a sheet of veneer as it passes along a conveyor system, and a light sensor for sensing the light passing through the sheet. The pattern of light is recorded by an image acquisition and processing subsystem as an image, which is fed to an image analysis subsystem programmed to analyse the light pattern and to produce a mathematical representation of the image. An integrated moisture content value (IMCV) is set for the particular veneer sheet. Based on this value, a controller sends signals to the conveyor system to convey the particular sheet to a location storing sheets having similar IMCV values for drying.

Abstract: An illumination source for a machine vision viewer for a sorter that provides a flow of articles along a scan line includes an elongated, cylindrical shroud with illumination sources mounted interior of the shroud. The illumination sources are arranged longitudinally within the shroud and are angularly spaced along the inner circumference of the shroud. Linear slots running parallel with the shroud axis are provided in the shroud for the subject articles to enter and exit the shroud. A linear slot running parallel with the shroud axis is provided for receptors to view the articles passing through the shroud. The cylinder interior is otherwise uniform and light reflecting. An alternative embodiment of the shroud comprises two shroud arc components with openings between the arcs to allow articles to pass between the shroud arc components.

Abstract: An system and method for monitoring and evaluating solid and semi-solid materials. In an embodiment adapted for pharmaceutical manufacturing, a rotating platter is provided which contains a plurality of chutes. Manufactured items from an earlier section of the manufacturing process are deposited upon the rotating platter, and are separated for analysis by the plurality of chutes. Mounted near the edge radius of the platter is a Raman probe, which focuses photons from a laser onto each of the manufactured items. The manufactured items radiate photons according to Raman scattering principles, which are collected by the Raman probe and analyzed by a computer against a template file. The computer operates upon the chutes to sort and release the manufactured items according to a criteria. Thus, an in-process monitoring and evaluation system may be utilized to inspect and sort manufactured items in real time.

Abstract: A method of analysing products arranges above a conveyer line three successive analysing stations having, in the first station, two cameras arranged in such a way that their optical axes form a V centred on the products and has a vertex angle in the range between 90° and 130°, and in the other two stations, a camera arranged plumb with the conveyer line. Moreover, the products are driven in rotation during their transport along the analysing stations, in such a way that the cameras each take a number of photographs of complementary faces of the surface of the products, and there are selected from among the photographs taken, by a comparison between the calculated theoretical diameter of a product and a predetermined average diameter, the photographs to be retained so as to obtain a complete analysis of the total surface of the product.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting defects in the cover sheets used to manufacture diapers is disclosed. A linear sensor is used to detect defects in the cover sheet web before it is combined with the absorbent material to form a diaper. When a defect is detected, the manufactured diaper containing the defective cover sheet is ejected from the line after a delay which is dependent on the speed of the process.

Abstract: An apparatus and process that makes use of spectral information in the mid-infrared range (400 to 4500 cm?1) to identify recyclable materials containing barrier polymers from recyclable materials not containing barrier polymers, which includes projecting light containing the mid-infrared (MIR) range onto materials to be analyzed, dispersing the MIR light that has reflected from or passed through the materials or both into various wavelengths, measuring the intensity of the MIR light at least one wavelength responsive to differences between the materials, measuring the intensity of the MIR light at least one wavelength not responsive to differences between the materials in order to provide a reference, and comparing the measurements in order to identify barrier materials from non-barrier materials.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for sorting flowers which includes a conveyor positioned in an endless conveyor chain having attached thereto, at predetermined intermediate distances, forks movable between at least two positions, a transport position and a hang-in position. The apparatus has at least a single detection station for determining at least a single corresponding characteristic of each flower, and a computer for recording the characteristic. In accordance with the characteristic, the apparatus delivers each flower at discharge stations. The apparatus further comprises at least a single hang-in buffer conveyor with an endless buffer transport element having buffer forks attached thereto, from which the flowers hanging therein are taken over by the forks, which the passing speed of the forks, Nv, and that of the buffer forks, Nb, meet Nv>Nb. In one form, the conveyor chain and the buffer transport element are driven, mutually coupled, with a control element.

Abstract: A method of sorting sorting objects within a bulk of objects from a heterogeneous population is provided. The bulk of objects to be sorted has an inherent variation, and at least one class, having less variation than the originally inherent variation of the bulk, is separated from the bulk. This lesser variation represents a quality of composition with reference to any organic material of the objects within the bulk.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for checking the quality of blanks processed with a machine processing blanks of at least a certain type, comprising: carrying out a registering for said possible blank types, feeding a register parameter (n) defining a required number of blanks per pile, loading a pile of blanks into a device, conveying the blanks of the pile throughout a registering area ensuring the scanning of the printing and/or diecutting quality of said blanks, defining which type the registered blank is the better related, stripping the blank if it has printing and/or diecutting defects, and piling up the registered blanks that were not stripped so as to pile up a new pile until it comprises n blanks, and repeating the steps, and apparatus for the foregoing.

Abstract: A magnetic metal removing device for color sorting apparatus includes a hollow feeding roll. Within a hollow portion of the feeding roll, a magnet is arranged such that it closely opposes to a part of an inner surface of the hollow feeding roll to form a magnetic force active surface on the corresponding outer surface of the feeding roll. Magnetic metal mixed in raw granular objects is attracted on the magnetic force active surface. The magnetic forced active surface changes to a magnetic force inactive surface as the feeding roll rotates. The magnetic metal caught on the feeding roll is released from the magnetic forced inactive surface and colleted by a collecting device.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting and removing abnormal balls among a large number of balls, most of which are good separate balls, comprising (a) a rotatable, cylindrical, ball-holding means comprising a large number of ball-receiving cavities each receiving one ball; (b) a means for detecting part of a ball projecting from each ball-receiving cavity in a detection region substantially at a top of the cylindrical ball-holding means; (c) a ball-supplying means disposed on the cylindrical ball-holding means upstream of the detection region; (d) an abnormal ball-removing means disposed downstream of the detection region on the cylindrical ball-holding means; (e) a means for collecting good separate balls downstream of the detection region; and (f) a means for carrying out the determination of abnormal balls based on the detection information of projecting portions of the balls obtained by the projecting ball-detecting means.

Abstract: In an apparatus at a spinning preparation machine, for example a cleaner, opener, carding machine or the like, for detecting waste which is separated out from fibre material, for example cotton, and consists of foreign matter and good fibres and which is collected in a collecting device, there is provided an optical measuring device having a brightness sensor, which measuring device examines the waste.

Abstract: A system and method of the present invention removes defects from citrus pulp. An advancing mechanism advances citrus pulp along a predetermined path of travel into an inspection zone. A citrus pulp imager is positioned at the inspection zone and acquires image data of the citrus pulp. A processor is operatively connected to the citrus pulp imager and receives the image data and processes the image data to determine defects within the citrus pulp. A rejection mechanism rejects any citrus pulp determined to be defective.

Abstract: A method for segregating qualities of an agricultural product during processing of the product comprises the step of setting a desired range of a measurement value (2). The measurement value represents a property of the product and defines a first quality of the product for which the measurement value is inside the range and a second quality of the product for which the measurement value is outside the range. The method further comprises the step of analyzing (4) the quality of the product that is being processed. The step of analyzing comprises the steps of continuously extracting samples of the product (4a), irradiating each sample by electromagnetic radiation (4d), spatially separating electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths (4e), and detecting electromagnetic radiation emitted from the sample (4f). The step of detecting produces intensity signals indicative of detected electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths.

Abstract: A raw stream of freshly harvested processor tomatoes which includes desired crop, substandard crop and detritus is subjected to successive scannings and separations to produce an improved collection of tomatoes of increased value to the processor.

Abstract: A method is provided for sorting white paper from a stream of paper wherein the concentration of white paper is less than the concentration of non-white paper. The method includes identifying the white paper by detecting the presence of an optical characteristic of the white paper as the stream of paper is passed by a sensor. Then the white paper is ejected from the stream of paper by controlling one or more actuators directed against the white paper, and thereby separating the white paper from the non-white paper. The method is particularly applicable to the sorting of white paper during curbside recycling.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing seed or seed samples includes an autonomous sorter which sorts seed by pre-programmed criteria. Optional features can include a counter to autonomously ensure the correct number of seeds to a seed package, a cleaning device, a sheller, and a label applicator. A conveyance path, controlled automatically, can move the seed to appropriate and desired stations during the processing while maintaining the sample segregating from other samples. Validation of the sample can be pre-required and information about the sample can be derived and stored for further use.

Abstract: A method and a device for sorting wafers from an initial state into an end state. The wafers are at least partly identifiable as elements of a finite sequence based on an information carrier. In the initial state, the wafers are arranged in any desired sequence in compartments of a holding device and in the end state each wafer is arranged in accordance with its position in the sequence in the compartments of the holding device. The first wafer is removed from a first compartment of the holding device. The information carrier of the first wafer is read by a reading device to determine the position of the first wafer in the sequence. Subsequently, a second wafer is removed from a second compartment corresponding to the position of the first wafer in the sequence. The first wafer is moved into the compartment corresponding to its position in the sequence.

Abstract: A method for sorting products including the steps of conveying the products in a product stream, scanning the products in the product stream casting light onto the products on the basis that certain products will emit light, observing emitted light from the products, making a selection of certain products from the product stream as a function of the observed light, and separating certain products from the product stream as a function of the selection. A device is provided that is arranged to sort the products according to the method of the invention and includes a light device that is arranged to cast light onto products and an observation device that is arranged to observe light emitted from the products. A selection device is also provided that is arranged to make a selection of whether to separate certain products from the product stream observed by the observation device.

Abstract: A system and method of the present invention removes defects from citrus pulp. An advancing mechanism advances citrus pulp along a predetermined path of travel into an inspection zone. A citrus pulp imager is positioned at the inspection zone and acquires image data of the citrus pulp. A processor is operatively connected to the citrus pulp imager and receives the image data and processes the image data to determine defects within the citrus pulp. A rejection mechanism rejects any citrus pulp determined to be defective.

Abstract: A flow cell and flow cytometer in which a nozzle at the end of a flow channel is disposed on a removable substrate held at a registered location on a flow cell. Other elements including illumination optics, light collection optics, and the flow cell may then be positioned at fixed locations and would not require subsequent periodic adjustment. The registered location for positioning the nozzle allows removal and replacement of the nozzle key with the nozzle subsequently positioned in the identical location.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing seed or seed samples includes an autonomous sorter which sorts seed by pre-programmed criteria. Optional features can include a counter to autonomously ensure the correct number of seeds to a seed package, a cleaning device, a sheller, and a label applicator. A conveyance path, controlled automatically, can move the seed to appropriate and desired stations during the processing while maintaining the sample segregating from other samples. Validation of the sample can be pre-required and information about the sample can be derived and stored for further use.

Abstract: According to the invention, the bulk material is dropped down a drop section (5) for the purpose of separating the material, in order determine the temperature distribution of the bulk material very accurately and as completely as possible. Said drop section can be configured e.g. at the end of the conveyor belt (1). A thermographic measuring device (10, 11) is used to carry out spatially resolved measurement of the bulk material in a measuring area (15) of the drop section (5). The temperature distribution of the bulk material can then be determined from the measuring values (m). Local temperature increases in particular can be determined during this process, by comparison with a maximum allowable limit temperature, as can an inhomogeneity in the temperature distribution.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transporting and sorting flowers or other stem-shaped or elongate products with a conveyor provided with arm-fork units which are moved along a transport path in a substantially horizontal plane. In one form, the method includes taking over a substantially vertically hanging flower from a take-over position with a fork at the end of the arm-fork unit remote from the conveyor. The flowers are transported along the transport path, with the arm-fork unit in a transport position, to an apparatus for bunching the transported flowers with generally several bunching stations. The transporting takes place in the plane along at least one detector for detecting at least one respective flower characteristic, whereby detection signals are obtained. The detection signals are processed in a processing unit into corresponding selection signals.

Abstract: An object of inside-quality inspection being conveyed on a conveyer is irradiated sideways with beams of light from projection lamps concentratedly. A photodetecting device detects light transmitted through the object irrespective of the size and thickness of the skin of the object without being influenced by extraneous light. A white-level calibrating device is provided to the photodetecting means. The projection lamps project and concentrate their beams of light onto one side of the object in an inspection position at different angles from different positions diagonally distributed from the oblique front to the oblique back. Fractions of light transmitted through the object and emerging from the other side of the object are condensed by a condenser lens A shutter for opening/closing the optical path is provided between a light receiving window of the condenser lens and a light-inputting face of an optical fiber for directing light to a spectrometer.

Abstract: An article sorting apparatus and method is disclosed and which conveys a mixture of articles on a conveyor belt and through an inspection zone, and which includes at least one illumination source emitting red, green, and infrared radiation for illuminating the articles in the inspection zone; a detector system for sensing the red, green, and infrared radiation reflected from the articles in the inspection zone, and which generates red data, green data, and infrared data; a processor receiving the red data, green data, and infrared data and which generates article sorting data; and a sorter responsive to the sorting data for separating the articles into acceptable articles and unacceptable articles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided which addresses the drawbacks of the prior art and which incorporates two separate imaging devices, one near-infrared and one mid-infrared imaging device which simultaneously capture images of the passing objects. The background information is removed and images of the objects remain. A spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform preserve any defect levels on objects and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectants on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions.

Abstract: A method of processing documents of value. The method including detecting a visible pattern on at least one side of a document; detecting the response of at least one side of the document to infrared radiation; comparing the detected visible pattern to one or more predetermined patterns and identifying the document if the detected visible pattern is sufficiently similar to the or one of the predetermined patterns; and determining from the response to infrared radiation if the document is authentic.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for sensing the presence of bright white paper on a conveyor of a paper sorting system. The conveyor is constantly illuminated with ultraviolet light. When bright white paper is present in the inspection zone of the conveyor, it will re-radiate fluorescent light energy as a result of the ultraviolet light. Periodically, the inspection zone of the conveyor is illuminated with a second light source in the visible light spectrum. Light is collected from the inspection zone of the conveyor, including reflected light from the secondary source and including emitted fluorescent light energy as a result of the ultraviolet light falling on bright white paper. Periodically a microprocessor associated with the sensor senses reflected light from the second source to determine whether any object if present on the conveyor. The microprocessor then senses the level of fluorescent light energy being emitted from any object on the conveyor.

Abstract: In the method, each envelope (1) is provided with an envelope number that can be read by humans and by machine. The control system of a sorting machine (4) is coupled to an e-mail system. The sender (3) looks for the addressee in the e-mail system and enters the number (2) of the envelope (1) to be sent. He then transmits a message with the addressee and the envelope number (2) to the control system of the sorting machine. In the control system there is a file (6) for the sorting plan, which allocates sorting compartments to the addressees. By means of the message from the e-mail system, the sorting compartment of the addressee is also allocated the envelope number (2), so that after the machine-readable number (2) of the envelope (1) has been read, the envelope can be led into the compartment belonging to the addressee. This allocation is then deleted again. In this way, the difficulties in reading the handwritten addresses are avoided.

Abstract: A waste plastics separator includes charging means for charging waste plastics; first alignment means for arranging the waste plastics in a row in the lengthwise direction of waste plastics; second alignment means for selecting and discharging waste plastics having not been arranged in a row; detection means for detecting the waste plastics arranged in a row; sorting means for sorting the waste plastics; and sorting control means for controlling sorting work.

Abstract: A method for checking products with labels, wherein:

Abstract: A system for sorting articles includes a feed conveyor for launching the articles across an airspace toward a first destination. A light source shines light energy on the articles in the airspace. A collector collects light energy reflected from the articles. A deflector is provided for deflecting selected articles toward an alternative destination as the articles fly across the airspace. A control system is operably connected to the collector and the deflector for actuating the deflector in response to a sensed parameter, such as an electromagnetic radiation frequency spectrum, of the light energy collected in the collector. Preferably, this system is utilized with a retro-reflector located on an opposite side of the airspace from the light source and the collector. This system also preferably includes the use of a multi-plexer which allows a single analyzer unit to be utilized to analyze light signals from each of a large plurality of collector units of the collector.

Abstract: A multi-stream singulator has two continuously laterally adjacent streams of cups, which carry and advance articles to be graded to a discharge zone. Articles from the discharge zone are received onto a single stream grading conveyor. At least one of the streams of cups of the multi-stream singulator is a partial cup in advance of the other stream so that the items are discharged non-simultaneously at the discharge zone. Optical scanning of the articles is undertaken by a scanner scanning a zone of the singulating conveyor to determine a physical attribute of each article. Means are provided to associate the scanned attribute of each article from the singulating conveyor with its subsequent position on the single stream grading conveyor.

Abstract: An automated particle sorter having a fluid flow path, which places single biological particles in an optical cuvette. An exciting light irradiation system having a light source emits a source of light through the cuvette. The light excites a fluorescent substance present on the particle, and the emitted light is detected by a light detection apparatus containing at least two detection elements for measuring the fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent substance. A light separation element separates the fluorescence from the exciting light. A data processor compares the signal received from the fluorescent light; and from the background autofluorescent signal, and according to pre-set parameters, controls the position of a collection conduit between two set points. The first being a collection set point for the collection of objects having a first phenotype and the second being a set point for the collection of objects having a second phenotype.

Abstract: A method is proposed for selecting, counting, and validating articles, in particular pharmaceuticals, which method is based on considering the articles, moved in a continuous flow, as non-integral until the integrity characteristics are detected by detecting means. The detection operates deflecting means for deviating the integral articles to pre-selected containers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for checking bank notes for their state of use, in particular dirt and stains which can impair the service value of the bank notes.

Abstract: Device for recognizing coins based on their di-electric surface properties by radiating electromagnetic radiation by a transmitter onto a coin, which is reflected from the surface of the coin and received by a receiver which transforms the reflected electromagnetic radiation into a measuring signal, said signal is then evaluated by an evaluator unit in which a wavelength-selective evaluating signal is generated and compared to wavelength-selective comparison bands.

Abstract: Application of surface marking to metal stock, such as aluminum sheet, prior to or during scrap-generating manufacturing operations, to provide a detectable mark on pieces of manufacturing scrap derived from the marked sheet and commingled with scrap of other aluminum alloy sheet, so that the scrap can be sorted and the marked alloy scrap pieces separated from scrap of other alloy sheet to which the marking was not applied. Different markings, providing detectably different marks, may be respectively applied to sheet of different compositions if scrap pieces of more than two different compositions or compositional families are to be sorted and separated from each other.

Abstract: A sorting system (110) conveys articles, such as peaches (114) on a conveyor belt (112) past an inspection zone (126) that is lighted by an illumination source (90) radiating a number of emission peaks over visible and infrared portions of the spectrum. The illumination source generates the radiation from an Indium Iodide lamp (92) that is reflected off a parabolic reflector (94) and through a “soda straw” collimator (100) to illuminated the peaches. A detector system (118) employs line scanning visible and infrared cameras (142, 140) to sense visible and IR wavelength reflectance values for the peach meat (124) and peach pit or pit fragments (126). Various image processing and analysis methologies, such as subtraction, ratio, logarithmic, regression, combination, angle, distance, and shape may be employed to enhance the image contrast and classify the resulting data for sorting the peaches.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for transporting and sorting flowers or other stem-shaped or elongate products with a conveyor provided with arm-fork units which are moved along a transport path in a substantially horizontal plane, the method comprising:

Abstract: A sheet winding apparatus or a heat transfer recording sheet providing apparatus including the sheet winding apparatus, the sheet winding apparatus formed of a plurality of sheet winding devices arranged in multiple steps in a vertical direction. Each of the sheet winding devices includes (1) a plurality of holding/rotating devices, (2) a sticking apparatus for sticking adhesive around a number of outer peripheral portions of an unused roll shaft held by one of the holding/rotating devices, arranged in the direction of the unused roll shaft, and (3) a press roll that presses a sheet against an outer periphery of a roll shaft held by the holding/rotating device during the entire time that the sheet is wound around the roll shaft.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for sensing the presence of bright white paper on a conveyor of a paper sorting system. The conveyor is constantly illuminated with ultraviolet light. When bright white paper is present in the inspection zone of the conveyor, it will re-radiate fluorescent light energy as a result of the ultraviolet light. Periodically, the inspection zone of the conveyor is illuminated with a second light source in the visible light spectrum. Light is collected from the inspection zone of the conveyor, including reflected light from the secondary source and including emitted fluorescent light energy as a result of the ultraviolet light falling on bright white paper. Periodically a microprocessor associated with the sensor senses reflected light from the second source to determine whether any object if present on the conveyor. The microprocessor then senses the level of fluorescent light energy being emitted from any object on the conveyor.

Abstract: A device and method for sorting of pellets so that pellets containing defects are detected and sorted out. The device includes a light detector arranged over a transparent pellet transport track. A light source is arranged on the opposite side of the track. The detector provides a measurement of a received light intensity, and if the measured intensity is lower than a predetermined threshold value, it can be assumed that a defect is present. The pellet containing the defect is then sorted out by actuating a sorting device. In order to obtain a high precision detection, light is distributed evenly from all directions, including ambient light. The light source fine tunes the balance of the light source and incoming light from other directions. A highly reflective chamber and/or tilted optical axis further provide the desired even distribution of light.

Abstract: A sorting apparatus for sorting and receiving optical discs as a function of different quality control codes associated with respective optical discs including a base and a motor mounted to the base and having an output shaft. A turntable has a plurality of vertically oriented fixed spindles attached thereto, and the turntable is connected to, and rotates with, the output shaft of the motor. Each of the spindles has a diameter less than a diameter of a centerhole in the optical discs. A control is responsive to the quality control codes and operates the motor to rotate the turntable and move a spindle to a loading position for receiving an optical disc. The control selects the spindle to receive the optical disc so that only discs having a common quality control code are received by the spindle.