Abstract: A dust collector has a vacuum coupling for connection to a vacuum source such as a portable vacuum cleaner or other suitable source. A vacuum reservoir is formed from a chamber between nested interlocking receptacles. A variable density pattern of inlet holes through one interlocking container into the vacuum reservoir provides better flow and capture of debris, while multiple inlets within the vacuum reservoir provide even and consistent suction. A variety of inlet geometries are presented that are suitable to a variety of purposes.

Abstract: A system for separating suspended and dissolved materials in a fluid having a pH offset from neutral is disclosed. It employs a plurality of stacked, generally flat treatment beds each having a surface angled downward for receiving the fluid. Since the fluid is spread over a large surface, its velocity slows causing suspended materials to drop out of the fluid as a sludge. A pH correction device may add an agent to the flowing fluid which will bring the pH closer to neutral thereby causing said dissolved materials to precipitate out and into the sludge. Atmospheric oxygen may also be used to effect the precipitation. Portions of the beds may be isolated and the sludge collected resulting in a fluid having substantially less suspended and dissolved materials at a pH and temperature closer to normal. Energy may be produced from the movement of liquid through the system or from the heat energy of the fluid. Magnetics may be utilized to improve the precipitation of solids.

Abstract: An immersion lithographic apparatus typically includes a fluid handling system. The fluid handling system generally has a two-phase fluid extraction system configured to remove a mixture of gas and liquid from a given location. Because the extraction fluid comprises two phases, the pressure in the extraction system can vary. This pressure variation can be passed through the immersion liquid and cause inaccuracy in the exposure. To reduce the pressure fluctuation in the extraction system, a buffer chamber may be used. This buffer chamber may be connected to the fluid extraction system in order to provide a volume of gas which reduces pressure fluctuation. Alternatively or additionally, a flexible wall may be provided somewhere in the fluid extraction system. The flexible wall may change shape in response to a pressure change in the fluid extraction system. By changing shape, the flexible wall can help to reduce, or eliminate, the pressure fluctuation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for dewatering drilling fluid including a feeder, an aging tank, a polyductor configured between the feeder and the aging tank and a flocculant solution pump fluidly connected to the aging tank. Further, the system includes a portable skid to house the feeder, the aging tank, the polyductor, and the flocculent solution pump. In certain embodiments, the polyductor is configured to mix a liquid with a dry flocculant from the feeder, and disperse a resultant flocculent solution in the aging tank, the aging tank is configured to receive the flocculant solution, and the flocculant solution pump is configured to remove the flocculant solution from the aging tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the treatment of an aqueous waste stream, wherein: (a) an aqueous waste stream is separated into an effluent and waste sludge; and (b) the waste sludge is converted into predated waste sludge in a predation reactor, the predation reactor including a support comprising worms and the waste sludge being fed past the support comprising worms. The invention further relates to an plant in which the method may be carried out, in particular to an plant for the treatment of an aqueous waste stream that comprises a predation reactor having a support comprising worms, wherein the predation reactor has two compartments that are separated by the support comprising worms.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus (10) for treatment of water (26) to be injected into a subsea injection well, the apparatus (10) being disposed in water overlying the well, preferably on a water bed (12). The invention is characterized in that the apparatus (10) contains at least one receptacle (38, 40, 46, 48, 50) provided with at least one water-soluble solid-state chemical (42, 52, 54, 56) for treatment of the injection water (26). The water (26) is brought into contact with the at least one chemical (42, 52, 54, 56), causing it to gradually dissolve and mix with the water (26), after which treated water (26?) is led into an injection stream to the injection well.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of anaerobic treatment which makes it possible to prevent disintegration of granular sludge and perform high-load high-velocity anaerobic treatment stably even in the case where treatment is performed under conditions where the granular sludge is easily disintegrated. In a reaction tank 20 which retains the granular sludge, nitric acid or nitrous acid is adjusted so that they have a certain concentration range. For example, nitric acid is added to the liquid to be treated by connecting the nitric acid addition path 12 to a midway point of the path of the liquid to be treated 31 which introduces the liquid to be treated to the reaction tank 20, and nitric acid is mixed with the liquid to be treated. By introducing nitric acids within the reaction tank 20, denitrifying bacteria etc. can multiply, and disintegration of the granules is prevented.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorption device for removal and/or reduction of undesirable components from blood, such as whole blood, comprising, porous cross-linked polysaccharide particles or beads, wherein the particles or beads have an average size from about 210±50 ?m, at least 30% of the particles have a size from about 180 to about 240 ?m, at least 70% of the particles have a size from about 150 to about 300 ?m and said particles have at least one immobilised ligand, wherein said immobilised ligand have a size of about 150 kD or less. The invention also relates to kits comprising said adsorption device as well as the use of said adsorption device in different applications such as cleaning of blood.

Abstract: An ultrasonic humidifier includes a base that is formed with a recess, as well as a water tank and a mist spraying tube that are disposed on the base and that are in fluid communication with the recess. An ultrasonic oscillator is disposed in a bottom end of the recess for atomizing water in the recess. A mist purifying member is disposed within the mist spraying tube, and contains silver ions.

Abstract: Method and systems, for processing biological material, that contain a biological material in a vessel; add an aggregating agent to the material in the vessel and allow the material to separate into two or more distinct submaterials; extract one or more of the submaterials from the vessel; automatically transport one or more of the submaterials remaining in the vessel to a filtration device; and collect a resulting target retentate into a target retentate receptacle.

Abstract: A water treatment cartridge comprises an additive channel arranged so that only some of the water passing through the cartridge passes through it. The additive channel comprises means for automatically releasing an additive into the water in the channel. The additive channel is arranged to control the additive dose. The cartridge may also contain a water treatment or filter medium.

Abstract: Wastewater streams from semiconductor processing operations are treated to reduce the concentration therein of one or more metal species to a satisfactory level. The disclosed systems and technique utilize complexing ion exchange media to treat the wastewater streams having a significant concentration of oxidizing species and high solids concentration.

Abstract: A buffer tank section (6) includes a liquid accumulation chamber (61) communicating with, through a liquid introduction flow path (42), a liquid tank (46) accumulation chemical liquid. A filter section (4) includes a filter inlet (41a) and a filter outlet (41b), wherein the filter inlet (41a) communicates with a liquid discharge vent (60d) of the buffer tank section (6). In a pump (11), a pump inlet (11a) is connected to the filter outlet (41b) and a pump outlet (11b) is connected to a discharge nozzle (50) through a liquid discharge flow path (47). A return flow path (48) is connected between the pump outlet (11b) and the buffer tank section (6), wherein the chemical liquid, discharged from the pump (11), is returned to the liquid accumulation chamber (61). An exhaust flow path (49) is connected to the buffer tank section (6), thereby exhausting air in the liquid accumulation chamber (61).

Abstract: A portable water disinfecting and purification apparatus comprising a first chamber into which water to be purified may be drawn by suction or negative pressure, a second chamber into which the water from the first chamber can be forced by a pumping action or positive pressure, whereby the water is initially passed across a pre-filter secured over the inlet to the first chamber and having a very small pore size and an inner cavity in which a disinfecting agent is place to filters most contaminants before the water is drawn into said filtering device, and once in the first holding chamber the water is isolated and may be further treated with a disinfectant agent, and then is passed though at least additional filtering substance including an activated carbon or nano-filter.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system for removing contaminants from wastewater on a vessel using electricity. The wastewater treatment system may inject wastewater with one or more disinfectants or ionized gases, or both, to remove at least a portion of contaminants from the wastewater. The water treatment system may produce disinfectants from saltwater using one or more disinfectant generators and return the byproducts to a water body. The wastewater treatment system may also pass wastewater through an electrical coagulation unit in which an electrical current may be emitted into the wastewater, whereby flocculants are formed and cause suspended solids and other materials to settle out of the wastewater. The wastewater treatment system may include a secondary treatment system for further reducing concentrations of contaminants. In addition, the wastewater treatment system may include a solid waste treatment system for incinerating solids produced by the wastewater treatment system.

Abstract: A conditioning process and equipment are provided for removing hardness from water circulated in a system. A sidestream from such system is routed to a reaction chamber and back to the system. A conditioner is added to the sidestream water and in some embodiments is routed through a sidestream inlet from the top of the reaction chamber to its lower portion in a swirling motion. A buffer is added to the sidestream exiting the reaction chamber, and in some embodiments is added upstream of a pH sensor. In some embodiments a polymer is added. A fluid bed develops in the reaction chamber consisting of conditioner, buffer, precipitated solids and sidestream water. An upper outlet on the reaction chamber regulates the height of the fluid bed, and a drain provides for periodic discharge of the lower fluid bed. In some embodiments, a corrosion inhibitor blend is pre-mixed with the buffer.

Abstract: A disposable cartridge for use in a hemodialysis machine has a blood flowpath for carrying a volume of blood to be treated in a dialyseer and a dialysate flowpath, isolated from the blood flowpath, for delivering a flow of dislysate solution through the dialyser. The cartridge is received in an engine section of the machine. The engine section has first and second platens which close when the cartridge is inserted to retain the cartridge. Actuators and sensors arranged on the second platen control operation of the cartridge.

Abstract: A mechanically simple, small, hand held device is provided based on filtering and pressure equilibration techniques involving a unique hand-operating sequence that produces air pressure within the collection tube and the device, to enable simple and rapid extraction of blood serum or plasma or other filtrate in milliliter quantities from a collected sample. The device can also provide dilution of the serum, plasma or filtrate, capture of unwanted molecular constituents or dispensing of desired reagents. Pipette extraction of diluted or undiluted blood plasma, serum or filtrate from the device can also be achieved via a septum. The device permits all functions to be performed rapidly and with minimum danger of exposure of the operator or contamination of the sample while enabling standard evacuated collection tubes to be used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a household water purification device (20) comprising, a housing (22) and water purification means comprising a filter unit (4) accommodated in the housing, which filter unit accommodates a filter element (26) and has a cap (28) for replacing the filter element, wherein the filter unit is moveably arranged with relation to the housing to move the filter unit between a normal position and a maintenance position wherein at least the cap is substantially situated outside the housing. This water purification device enables an easy and swift replacement of the filter element inside the filter unit. The invention also relates to a filter unit (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for separating environmentally hazardous substances, such as heavy metals and oil, from a contaminated mass, such as sewage sludge or soil from industrial sites. According to the process, an aqueous metal hydroxide solution comprising Na, K or Ca is added to the contaminated material in form of high-pressure jets, in order to disintegrate the material and provide a homogeneous mixture. Thereafter, liquid containing the hazardous substances is separated from the washed material and subsequently filtrated. The essentially pure water resulting from the filtration step may be used for producing new metal hydroxide solution to be used in the process.

Abstract: It is intended to provide to provide an apparatus for separating an adsorbate, that permits continuous separation of the adsorbate from a processing material containing solid particles, sticky substances and water-soluble proteins alone or in combination without pretreatment, and a method of continuously separating the adsorbate. In the present invention, the processing is carried out, while a loop adsorbent is circulated. Specifically, an adsorbate is adsorbed, not by supply of the processing solution through the adsorbent, but by contact thereof with the adsorbent. In addition, the adsorbent after desorption of the adsorbate is cleaned. As a result, provided are an apparatus for separating an adsorbate, that permits continuous processing and separation of the adsorbate even from a processing material containing solid particles, sticky substances and water-soluble proteins alone or in combination without pretreatment and a method of continuously separating the adsorbate.

Abstract: A solid-phase extraction device utilizing a section of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tubing as the stationary phase is disclosed. The microscopic pores of ePTFE tubing are impregnated with a binding agent having an affinity for a target constituent within a matrix. The matrix is prepared and loaded onto the stationary phase of the system. The target constituent is retained by the stationary phase. The constituent is stripped from the stationary phase with a stripping solution, and collected for further analysis or use.

Abstract: A method and a device to increase the efficiency of dialysis for the removal from blood of substances that are more or less tightly bound to carriers such as albumin. According to the invention this is accomplished by a simultaneous significant increase of the flow rate of the dialysis fluid and of the area of the membrane that separates the blood from the dialysis fluid, compared to conventional dialysis.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a method of treating an organic substance-containing waste liquid, and a treatment apparatus therefor, and an additive for treating an organic substance-containing waste liquid, and a bacterium for degrading an organic substance component or the like in the waste liquid, capable of accomplishing at least one of treatment of the organic substance-containing waste liquid with a high efficiency and a high treatment rate, without substantially generating a foul odor, and obtainment of water quality that is suitable for releasing to sewage, a public water area, or the like.

Abstract: The invention described herein contains two aspects, usable together or separately, that address the needs in the art described above, namely a first aspect that relates to the provision of a transportable water purification system that can be contained on a passenger transport vehicle, and that can use, but does not require, continuous, real-time monitoring, and a second aspect that relates to the use of UV purification of the water as it is uploaded to the passenger transport vehicle after a single pass through the UV chamber.

Abstract: A settling and retention basin includes an interior chamber having a peripheral wall preferably provided with two diametrically opposite openings in each of which is received a flow port member having a flow equalization port therein. Depending upon wastewater levels and surges, the flow port members can be removed and replaced by other flow port members of an identical construction, except for different sizes of design flow equalization ports thereof.

Abstract: Sludge can be treated by placing it in a carrier sized for bulk shipment of sludge by road or by rail. An antipathogenic substance such as lime is mixed into the sludge located in the carrier in order to treat pathogens in the sludge. At least one mixer adapted for mixing sludge throughout the carrier is employed. A dispenser such as a conduit or a loader bucket can dispense the antipathogenic substance so that the mixer can mix the substance with the sludge. The sludge is transported in the carrier either before or after the mixing with the antipathogenic substance. The mixture of sludge and antipathogenic substance is allowed to remain in the carrier long enough to treat pathogens with the substance before unloading the sludge from the carrier at a destination established for utilization, storage, transfer or disposal of the sludge.

Abstract: A conditioning process and equipment are provided for removing hardness from water circulated in a system, such as an evaporative cooling system. A sidestream from such system is routed to a reaction chamber and back to the system. A conditioner is added to the sidestream water and in some embodiments is routed through a sidestream inlet from the top of the reaction chamber to its lower portion. A buffer is added to the sidestream exiting the reaction chamber, and in some embodiments is added upstream of a pH sensor. A fluid bed develops in the reaction chamber consisting of conditioner, buffer, precipitated solids and sidestream water. An upper outlet on the reaction chamber regulates the height of the fluid bed, and a drain provides for periodic discharge of the lower fluid bed. In another embodiment, a corrosion inhibitor blend is pre-mixed with the buffer.

Abstract: A chemical feeder for dissolving chemical tablets includes a housing and a plurality of tapered pedestals positioned in the housing for supporting the chemical tablet as the tablet is dissolved by liquid flowing through the feeder. The housing also includes a cup configured to receive a cartridge for holding the tablet; the cup includes inlet and outlet ports for the liquid. The cartridge includes a plate at its lower end; the pedestals are formed on its interior surface. Each pedestal may have a pencil-point shape. When the chemical tablet is installed in the cartridge and the cartridge is installed in the cup, the tapered pedestals support the chemical tablet and thereby expose an underside of the tablet to the liquid. The tablet is immersed in the liquid according to the height of the pedestal; the dissolution rate of the tablet thus corresponds to the height of the pedestals.

Abstract: A lightweight water treatment system which can be easily distributed and employed by disaster survivors for treating locally available freshwater sources. The water treatment system includes an internal storage volume for maintaining a predetermined volume of water, a water fill port in communication with the internal storage volume provided at a first end of the elongated container for receiving the predetermined volume of water, a sealing member disposed at about the first end of the elongated container for maintaining the volume of water within the internal storage volume, a second end of the elongated container for receiving sediment settling out of the predetermined volume of water and a discharge port disposed superjacent to the second conically-shaped end for controllably releasing at least a portion of the water maintained within the internal storage volume of the elongated container.

Abstract: Chemical additive preferably derived from a solid chemical concentrate is selectively educted into the closed water recirculation or makeup line of a water system. A bypass line in one embodiment is controlled by a valve to direct system water through the eductor when chemical additive is desired, and at least a portion thereof around the eductor when no chemical additive is desired. Open line application is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a water characteristic of a body of water by controlling the cyclic release of a water characteristic material into the body of water with or without the system being responsive to a level of the water characteristic in the body of water with the system capable of being controlled from a display or from a wireless control module or both.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for use in a cartridge for on-line preparation of a solution for a medical procedure. The device comprises a hollow body, the body having a first end and a second end and is provided with through holes in its wall. The second end is closed, while the first end is open and adapted for receiving fluid introduced into the cartridge. The fluid leaves the device through said holes. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cartridge provided with such a device, a method of manufacturing such a cartridge and the use of a charge of concentrate in such a cartridge.

Abstract: Containers for controlled release of an additive composition into a liquid composition include a liquid impermeable casing having a hollow interior, at least one opening and a membrane component secured to the casing. Methods of releasing additive compositions into liquid compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method of degumming a plant derived oil comprising mixing a feed stream under ultrahigh shear conditions to provide a mixed stream, passing the mixed stream through a retention tank, and separating the mixed stream into an aqueous stream and an oil stream is disclosed. The feed stream comprises water, optional added acid(s), and triglyceride oil, such as a plant derived oil, having a relatively high phosphorous content and may also include metal impurities such as calcium, magnesium and/or iron ions. The process can provide a triglyceride oil stream with a phosphorous content of no more than about 10 to 20 ppm and no more than about 0.5 wt. % free fatty acids. In many instances, the triglyceride oil stream has phosphorous content which is no more than about 3% of the phosphorous content of the feed stream. The process also provides a wet gum stream, which may have an AI of 75 or higher.

Abstract: A container for releasing a microbiocide component into a liquid composition susceptible to unwanted microbial growth (LCMG) includes a LCMG impermeable casing separate and apart from an internal combustion engine filter housing, and having a hollow interior and at least one opening. A microbiocide component, for example, at least one LCMG-soluble microbiocide, as the only active material located in the hollow interior. At least one liquid permeable element, for example, a membrane member, is provided at or near an opening in the casing and is effective to provide for release of microbiocide component into the LCMG. Methods of releasing microbiocide component into LCMGs are also provided.

Abstract: A container for releasing an additive composition into a liquid composition includes a liquid impermeable casing separate and apart from an internal combustion engine filter housing, and having a hollow interior, and at least one opening and a further opening into the hollow interior. The container further includes a structure operatively coupled to the further opening and operable to allow air to pass out of the hollow interior through the further opening and to substantially prevent a liquid composition from passing out of the hollow interior through the further opening. An additive composition is located in the hollow interior. At least one liquid permeable element, for example, a membrane member, is provided at or near the least one opening in the casing and is effective to provide for release of additive composition into the liquid composition. Methods of releasing additive compositions into liquid compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A water treatment device that chemically treats tidal water. The water may, if desired, be salt water or fresh water. The water treatment device is substantially cylindrical with paddles extending outward from central hubs. The paddles are T-shaped and are perforated. The perforation aids in water treatment by aerating the water as the tide movement turns the paddles. The water treatment device has a central perforated tray that is slidably insertable into the central hubs. The central hubs are open in the center to permit the aerated water from the paddles to come in contact with the water treatment chemicals in the central tray. The perforations of the central tray allow the water treatment chemicals to come into contact with the surrounding area to treat the tidal water.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a potable water source can the apparatus comprise a solid phase treatment material for treating a potable water source, a solid phase treatment material dispenser comprising a floatation device and a container configured to hold the solid phase treatment material, the container comprising a bottom surface and sidewalls extending from the bottom surface, wherein the bottom surface and/or sidewalls comprise apertures, and wherein the flotation device can comprise a plurality of fasteners attached thereto, and, optionally, a opening securement system comprising a tether in operative communication with the plurality of fasteners and an attachment point about the opening, wherein the tether is configured to permit travel of the floatation device within the water storage tank.

Abstract: A container (1) for releasing a chemical additive (7) in a fluid material selected from a lubricant or hydraulic fluid composition comprises a fluid material-impermeable casing (3) having a hollow interior and an additive composition (7) comprising at least one fluid material-soluble additive. The additive (7) is held within the container (1) by a least one fluid material-permeable element (11) provided at or near an opening (13) in the casing (1) and is effective to provide for release of additive(s) (7) into the fluid material. Methods of releasing additives (7) into fluid material are also provided.

Abstract: A product and apparatus for cleaning water or industrial and sewage waste water includes a mixture of diatomite that is heated and stirred to impart an enhanced negative electrical charge to the diatomite. A mixture of approximately 50% aluminium chloride (AlCl3) by volume is blended to provide a powder mixture for use as a flocculant in the system. According to a modification, the charged diatomite is instead blended with a mixture of approximately 50% ferric chloride (FeCl3) by volume and is stored in liquid form for later use as a flocculent in the system. From one to five percent, by volume, of polyacrylamide is preferably added to the mixture for use in sewage waste water treatment applications. An efficient system for reacting either the mixture or separately adding the diatomite and the metallic chloride to the water is described.

Abstract: A container (1) for releasing a chemical additive (7) in a fluid material selected from a lubricant or hydraulic fluid composition comprises a fluid material-impermeable casing (3) having a hollow interior and an additive composition (7) comprising at least one fluid material-soluble additive. The additive (7) is held within the container (1) by a least one fluid material-permeable element (11) provided at or near an opening (13) in the casing (1) and is effective to provide for release of additive(s) (7) into the fluid material. Methods of releasing additives (7) into fluid material are also provided.

Abstract: A combination filter assembly housing (4) and treatment chamber (8) for use in recovering and sanitizing condensates from air conditioning systems and other sources with vapors released from dissolvable tablets (32), such as those used for treating swimming pool water or laundering purposes. Filter assembly housing (4) has a removable bottom cover, an internal p-trap and valve structure configured to reduce the likelihood of treatment vapors from treatment chamber (8) traveling back through filter assembly housing (4) and entering the associated condensate producing system. Applications can include, but are not limited to, use with systems that replenish water lost from swimming pools due to evaporation, to provide water for filling toilets, pressure washing, cleaning, and other gray water uses, and to provide potable water in areas where is in limited supply.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment tank results in high quality effluent meeting what is referred to as “Secondary Treatment Standard. The tank deploys in combination an Facultative Aerobic Bacterial Generators (FABG) that includes a plurality of surrounding horizontally extending bacteria supporting filters disposed in a vertical array along with a second vertical filter media disposed between the FABG and the outlet port. A facultative bacteria generator and additional bacteria supporting filters are also deployed adjacent the FABG and between the second vertical filter media.

Abstract: The invention concerns a reactant injector for equipping a water treatment reactor, comprising a nozzle associated with a dispersing member, and a corresponding water treatment device. The invention concerns an injector (2) of a reagent into a reactor (2) of a water treatment device, characterized in that said injector (2) comprises at least one nozzle (21) for injecting a jet of said agent, said nozzle being associated with a member for dispersing (22) said jet.

Abstract: A filtration device is provided that includes a filter component and an additive component. The filter component includes concentrically arranged filtering elements disposed in a filter-in-filter configuration. The additive component includes at least one additive material that is introduced into a working fluid to be filtered. The filter component and additive component provide an assembly for a filtration system that would filter a variety of working fluids. The filter component and additive component provides an assembly that can filter fluids more efficiently. As a result, fluids may enjoy, for example, extended drainage intervals and thereby reduce component wear.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water treatment system including a raw water tank, a module which includes a filtration membrane, a feed pump, a filtered water tank, a backwash pump which flows filtered water backward from the filtered water tank to the module, a valve and a channel which switch the direction of the water flow between the forward and reverse directions, a controller which suspends the supply of raw water from the raw water tank to the module, switches the valve and channel to the reverse direction, makes the backwash pump to supply filtered water from the filtered water tank to the module thereby backwashing the filtration membrane, and washing drainage treatment line including which treats backwashing drainage generated by backwashing of the filtration membrane, and returns the water to the raw water tank.

Abstract: A centrifugal blood processing apparatus comprising a centrifuge rotor, a separation chamber, a tubing set for conducting blood components and fluids and having an inlet line, an outlet line and a storage solution line in fluid communication with the outlet line at a junction. The apparatus controls pumps to conduct a predetermined quantity of storage solution to a collected blood component. The apparatus also purges blood components in the tubing set by applying a negative pressure and positive pressure. A disposable blood processing set has a separation chamber; a tubing set including an inlet line in fluid and an outlet and a storage solution line connected to the outlet line at a junction.

Abstract: A method and system for removing contaminating iron from an acid pickle bath. The method comprises the steps of removing at least a portion of the acid pickle solution containing an amount of contaminating iron therein from a primary acid pickle bath, raising the pH of the at least the portion of the acidified acid copper solution with a pH adjuster to a level which is conducive to the precipitation of iron, precipitating the contaminating iron from the acidified acid copper solution, and acidifying the acid copper solution back to operating conditions for the system. Once the portion of the acid pickle solution has been treated, it is returned to the primary acid pickle bath.

Abstract: Process, apparatus and article for treating an aqueous solution containing biological contaminants. The process includes contacting an aqueous solution containing a biological contaminant with an aggregate composition comprising an insoluble rare earth-containing compound to form a solution depleted of active biological contaminants. The aggregate includes mote than 10.01% by weight of the insoluble rare earth-containing compound. The insoluble rare earth-containing compound can include one or more of cerium, lanthanum, or praseodymium. A suitable insoluble cerium-containing compound can be derived from a cerium carbonate, a cerium oxalate or a cerium salt. The composition can consist essentially of cerium oxides, and optionally, a binder and/or flow aid. The aggregate includes no more than two elements selected from the group consisting of yttrium, scandium, and europium when the aggregate is to be sintered.