Abstract: A device for clarification of liquids and separation of precipitates is characterized by that it comprises a contact chamber 1 above which there is a multi-stream settling tank 2 and below which a chamber 6 for thickening the precipitate is comprised, and comprises an overflow pocket 5 for clarified liquid, the contact chamber 1 has the shape widening upwards, preferably the shape of an inversed cone or an inversed truncated pyramid and the axis of the contact chamber 1 is skew to the level, whereas on the upper edge of the contact chamber 1 an adjustable overflow edge 4 is situated, in the upper part of the multi-stream settling tank 2 there is an outflow unit 7, and the overflow pocket 5 is comprised below the outflow unit 7, the outflow unit 7 is constructed of many uniformly distributed outlet elements 8 which are stub pipes directed upwards and situated on the upper horizontal or inclined surface of the cover plate of the unit 7, the outlet surface of all stub pipes being situated on the same common plan

Abstract: In the separation of solids out of a flushing liquid such as used in flushing out boreholes and the like drilled or cut in rock, concrete, masonry and similar materials, a flocculant is added to the flushing liquid before it enters a settling tank so that the removal of the solids is accelerated. As a result, a supply of flushing liquid, free from solids, is always available from the settling tank. The flushing liquid flow is directed through the feed line into the settling tank. Before the liquid enters the settling tank it is passed in contact with a flocculant so that the liquid picks up a dosed quantity of the flocculant. To assure the optimum effect, after contacting the flocculant, the liquid is mixed and then passed into the settling tank.

Abstract: A sedimentation tank comprises two sedimentation sections each extending from a narrow end at a common pole to a wide end on the periphery of the structure. The sections are walled by a double start spiral. A flocculating flume runs in one wall and an overflow launder on top of another wall. The spirals preferably follow an exponential law.

Abstract: An intrachannel clarifier for producing clarified waste liquid within an oxidation ditch aerobic wastewater treatment system. The clarifier comprises a tank-like construction positioned in the upper portion of the oxidation ditch channel and having an opening in an upstream wall for admitting mixed liquor at a relatively slow rate. The region within the clarifier establishes a quiescent zone where solids may settle from the waste liquid by gravity to the tank bottom. A portion of the clarified liquid is removed by means of an overflow weir or launder. The bottom of the clarifier forms a perforated baffle made up of a plurality of spaced parallel slightly overlapping inverted V-shaped angle members extending between the walls of the oxidation ditch channel. The spaces between the angle members permit settled solids to return to the mixed liquor flowing beneath the clarifier, but prevent movement of excessive quantities of mixed liquor into the quiescent zone.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for producing a dispersion of substantially immiscible liquids which employs a conduit having an upstream section divided into first and second channels of variable length and a downstream section for mixing the liquids. The apparatus also includes means for varying the length of the first and second channels and means for flowing the liquids separately through the channels whereby the liquids mix in the downstream section of the conduit to form the dispersion. In accordance with one embodiment, a conventional mixer-settler is modified to include the conduit mounted at an upstream end of the settling chamber so that its inlet is adjacent the mixing chamber and its outlet is approximately at the same height as the organic-aqueous interface in the settling chamber.

Abstract: A method for removing suspended solids and dissolved salts from water comprising setting up a whirlpool in the water, injecting a concentrated solution of flocculating agent into the whirlpool, withdrawing spent flocculating agent combined with contaminant from the bottom of the whirlpool, and withdrawing purified water flowing over the top of the whirlpool. Apparatus for water purification according to this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Reactor for anaerobic prefermentation of aqueous waste waters provided with a waste water inlet, an outlet for discharging prefermented waste water and a sludge outlet. The interior of the reactor comprises one first reactor space and one second reactor space, while a precipitation cone is suspended by ribs between the first and second space. A covering sheet extends from the wall of the reactor into the precipitation cone, said covering sheet being provided with a gas escaping tube which ends above the upper edge of precipitation cone.The reactor is further provided with a storage vessel for supplying basic substances to the second reactor space. The outlet debouches into an annular precipitation space having an annular partition; the precipitation space is further bounded by an annular overflow with tooth-shaped recesses.At last a protein removing line and a liquid drain-cock are present.

Abstract: Apparatus for step-wise purification treatment of contaminated polar liquid, such as water, by the procedure of U.S. Pat. No. 4,224,148, comprising successive flow-connected container units, electrically insulated from the ground, the sequential units providing: (a) macerating/distributing means for producing suspension of selected small-particle-size contaminant which will accept a galvanic charge, (b) means for maintaining acidic pH of 2 to 2.5 in presence of gaseous oxidizing agent, (c) source of soluble metal ions adapted to impart a galvanic charge on the small particles, plus subsequent aeration means, (d) means for introducing alkaline reagent while air blowing to restrain precipitation, (e) means for alkaline flocculation of separable particles, including pH control means and switch means for electrically grounding the liquid medium.

Abstract: A system for treating wastewater comprising a treatment tank divided into three fluidly interconnected compartments, the first compartment being a blending cell divided into an upper anaerobic compartment and a lower aerobic compartment. The second compartment is a decomposition cell, the third compartment is a purification cell and air is selectively introduced into each of the cells thereby providing a wastewater treatment system having the hydraulic flows and oxygen necessary to optimize the aerobic processes.

Abstract: The installation comprises two essential elements, on the one hand a water intake apparatus in which various operations of physical and chemical treatment are carried out and, on the other hand, a more elaborate purification apparatus controlled by the intake apparatus, particularly with respect to the transfer of the waters to be treated, this transfer from the intake to the settling being effected by means of a single pump the controlled rate of flow of which conditions the entire treatments up to the settling.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus for the treatment of sewage or other aqueous waste material having a biochemical oxygen demand in a single tank, the treatment involving the oxygenation of the sewage.With reference to FIG. 1, a volume of sewage in a treatment tank 110 establishes itself naturally into an upper layer 124 of clear liquid and a lower layer of liquid containing bacterial sludge. Liquid containing bacterial sludge from the lower layer 122 is united with incoming sewage from pipeline 120 and the resulting mixture is pumped by pump 114 into an oxygenating chamber 115 in which oxygen is dissolved in the liquid. The resulting oxygenated liquid enters a stilling chamber 112 located in the upper layer 124. Clear liquid is run off from the tank 110 over a weir 128.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the treatment of untreated water. The untreated water mixed with a flocculating agent is introduced tangentially into the circumferential area of a tank through a feed connection directed at the tank wall. The tank includes a perforated partition circumferentially spaced from the wall of the tank and a conduit in the center of the tank which passes axially through the tank bottom and whose upper end carries a circular overflow disc located below the water level of the tank. Alternately, the partition comprises upper and lower rings, between which there are disposed guide plates which form openings distributed over the circumference of the partition. The circumferential speed of the water flowing through the partition is reduced by braking such that the occurrence of upwardly directed, secondary flows is prevented and clean water is led downward through the center of the tank.

Abstract: An aeration filtration tank and system for treating raw feed water includes a first tank or chamber and a second tank or chamber within the first chamber. An annular overflow platform is provided atop the second chamber and around the periphery of said platform are a plurality of weirs.Raw feed water enters a precipitation chamber at the bottom of the first chamber and flows slowly into the second chamber. As the water rises in the second chamber it is treated, as necessary, with fluid reagents and with air.Because the overflow platform is substantially larger in area than the cross sectional area of the second chamber, the water flows relatively slowly through the weirs and any gases entrained in the water are liberated. The gases are removed from the first chamber by an exhaust fan and conduit atop the first chamber.A small third tank within the first tank is fluidly connected with a conduit to withdraw clarified and purified water from the first tank.

Abstract: An activated sludge marine sewage disposal apparatus includes an aeration chamber immediately adjacent to a flooded settling tank, rising above a disinfectant chamber and a holding chamber disposed around the lower part of the tank. Flow from the aeration chamber to the settling tank is through a port in the common wall between the aeration chamber and settling tank, and up inside a pond separated from the rest of the tank by a downwardly flaring baffle of skirt depending from the top of the tank. A single shimmer at the center of the area at the top of the pond picks up floating solids and returns them to the top of the aeration chamber. A vent disposed directly over the shimmer continuously draws off air and gas to the aeration chamber. A sludge return line picks up heavy solids for the bottom of the tank and returns them to the top of the aeration chamber through a riser located in the aeration chamber.

Abstract: A method is provided for isolating an elastomer from a mixture of the elastomer and water containing up to about 90% by weight water by feeding the mixture into a thermally controlled, vertical separator containing a rotating screw, simultaneously feeding excess water under pressure into the separator, withdrawing concentrated elastomer containing less than about 10% by weight total volatiles (including water) from the metering section of the separator and withdrawing feed water and excess water from a water discharge port located near the upper end of the separator.In addition, apparatus for isolating elastomers from mixtures of elastomers and water is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for the multistage biological purification of waste water containing organic substances including carbohydrates and proteins. The apparatus comprises an at least substantially closed first tank for holding waste water while maintaining the waste water at least substantially free from contact with air so as to prevent further oxygen from becoming dissolved in the waster water. The apparatus also includes a second tank including an aerator for dissolving oxygen in waste water contained in the said tank, the second tank being located inside the first tank and including a conical bottom portion for receiving sludge produced by aerobic degradation of the waste water in the second tank.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for treating a liquid containing contaminating solid or dissolved solid materials comprising introducing the liquid into a treatment vessel in the lower part of a generally-conical interior portion thereof, causing said liquid to move upwardly with helical flow through said generally-conical interior portion toward said upper end thereof, the path of said helical flow gradually widening as it progresses upwardly through said generally-conical interior portion thereby resulting in separation of solids from the liquid, gradually decreasing the velocity of said liquid by the gradual widening of said helical flow path as it progresses upwardly to form a rotating sludge blanket of separated solids in the upper part of said generally-conical interior portion above the point of liquid introduction, passing the liquid upwardly through said rotating sludge blanket to clarify said liquid while said liquid is moving along said helical flow path, removing the clarified liquid from said treatment

Abstract: An apparatus to transform raw sewage into a substantially colorless and odor free effluent by the alternate action of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as the sewage flows through a primary chamber and a secondary chamber to a settling chamber and finally to a holding tank from which the effluent discharges to a disposal area.

Abstract: A device for purifying water in small sewer systems (e.g. a system connected to one or a few family houses) includes means for automatic addition of a chemically active liquid to the water passing through the device. The invention eliminates the need of any movable parts by using two siphon tubes controlling the liquid supply. One of the siphon tubes is traversed by the sewer water and the corresponding flow generates a suction which is relied upon to transfer the chemically active liquid through the second siphon tube.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating waste water on ships, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for treating waste water on ships in a closed system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water purifying device for treating the waste and cess water from an individual or collective house. Such a water purifying device comprises a tight tank, a feeding pipe and an exhaust pipe extending inside the tank in order to provide siphons, an air compressor supplying a control valve is provided which supplies air alternately to a pipe submerged in the liquid in the tank or to the air space above the tank. According to one mode of operation, the tank is maintained under a variable pressure always higher than the atmospheric pressure during the treatment operation.

Abstract: This is an apparatus for continuously separating a liquid mixture comprising particulate carbon produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel, water, and liquid organic extractant into two separate immiscible streams i.e. a stream of particulate carbon-liquid organic extractant dispersion and a separate stream of clarified water. The subject apparatus may be referred to as a carbon decanter and comprises a closed pressure vessel whose horizontal cross-section is circular. Thus, the decanter may be shaped like a vertical cylinder or may be spherical shaped with discharge ports in the top and bottom.

Abstract: A waste water treatment apparatus has a cylindrical container, an inverted funnel in the container defining a flow path for liquid through the container, an inlet communicating with the container outside the funnel and an outlet communicating with the container inside the funnel, a riser tube centrally and axially located within the container and having liquid discharge means communicating with the upper end thereof and a gas feed tube for discharge of gas into the riser tube at its lower end to draw material into and up the riser tube for discharge from the discharge means into liquid in the container outside the funnel.

Abstract: This is a process and apparatus for continuously separating a liquid mixture comprising particulate carbon produced by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel, water, and liquid organic extractant into two separate immiscible streams i.e. a stream of particulate carbon-liquid organic extractant dispersion and a separate stream of clarified water. The subject apparatus may be referred to as a carbon decanter and comprises a closed pressure vessel whose horizontal cross-section is circular. Thus, the decanter may be shaped like a vertical cylinder or may be spherical shaped with discharge ports in the top and bottom.

Abstract: An efficient, modular, drop-in type aeration and separation assembly for use in relatively small sewage treatment facilities is disclosed which includes perforated aeration conduits or diffusers situated adjacent the sewage inlets of the apparatus for inducing an upwardly directed hydraulic suction or "pumping action" which serves to increase the turbulence and aeration of sludge and other solids entering and collected within the unit. The assembly preferably includes a multi-tube particulate removal unit which effectively removes entrained solids from sewage passing upwardly therethrough, in conjunction with an inverted V-shaped grease collector positioned below the multi-tube separator which also serves as an air diffuser to facilitate selective air cleaning of the latter.

Abstract: The fluid to be treated is directed along a main flow path and past a flow-off edge on the concave side of the main flow path to produce a stationary whirl at least contacting the main fluid flow and in which suspended matter is separated from the fluid, by centrifugal force, to provide purified fluid. At selected locations in the stationary whirl, a selected one of the purified fluid and the suspended matter is separated and withdrawn from the stationary whirl. The non-separated portion of the fluid volume, whose suspended matter content is now changed, is returned into the main flow. The geometric form of the whirl axis is selected in accordance with the particular requirements of each installation. Thus, starting from a simple cylindrical configuration, the whirl may take any form having a curvilinear axis, even an annular form with a circular axis.