Abstract: A sludge filtration apparatus having chain type belt press with fine fibers of synthetic resin joined thereon wherein a pressing belt (50) for pressing the sludge on and with the filtering belt makes the sludge into the sludge cake, said filtering belt includes a chain (20) being engaged with plural of sprockets of the rollers (40,41,42, 43) and a water absorbing and filtering portion (34) fixed on the chain (20), and wherein said absorbing and filtering portion (34) includes filtering units (33) and elongate grooves (12) for coupling detachably with the filtering units (33).

Abstract: A filter cloth comprising at least a base layer and a filtering layer, characterized in that the ratio T/L of the thickness (T) of the filtering layer to the length (L) of fibers of fiber bundles constituting the filtering layer is 0.02 to 0.7 and the sum of a projected area of the fibers onto the base layer surface is 8 to 350 times the area of the base layer surface and, a filter cloth characterized in being constituted with at least a base layer and a filtering layer mainly composed of fiber bundles of crimped fiber ratio over 5%.

Abstract: An endless media filtration system includes a housing with a pool forming assembly mounted between a pair of side walls. The pool forming assembly includes a central shaft with two spaced-apart containment discs rotatably mounted on the shaft between the side walls. An endless loop filter media belt is supported on an endless loop carrier belt and includes an upper run which is pressed against the peripheral edges of the discs to form a generally semicircular shaped pool along bottom arcs of the discs. A separation pan is located between upper and lower runs of the carrier belt to direct filtered liquid to one side of the carrier belt and out the bottom of the housing. A backwash assembly includes a first spray rod spraying air through the filter media, a second spray rod spraying water through the filter media, and a third spray rod spraying air through the filter media after the filter media has passed under the second spray rod.

Abstract: A filter system employs a pressure differential to draw liquid from a first liquid vessel through a filter media to a filtered liquid chamber. A pressure assembly generates a reduced pressure in the chamber. One embodiment of the filtration apparatus includes a liquid vessel above a filtered liquid chamber. A laterally extending fluid-pervious support forms a septum between the liquid vessel and the filtered liquid chamber. The support can be a perforate plate and supports filter media. The apparatus includes a wheel element mounted in spaced relation to the perforate plate and at least a portion of which is located in the vessel. An indexing mechanism, illustratively employing a pneumatic actuator selectively rotates the wheel element for indexing the media.

Abstract: A modular filter apparatus is formed from stacked filter modules. Slurry to be filtered flows into the apparatus through a flowmeter and check valve into a header. The flow of slurry then branches off through feeders to each of the filter modules. Connected to the header is a slurry supply source, a cakewash supply source and a header drain. The modules are coupled to a hydraulic jack mechanism and an upper strongback.

Abstract: A self-locking filter-screen feeding device for plastic material; the device comprises a carriage which may be reciprocated on guide rods parallelly extending to a filter band movable across a flow-path for the plastic material to be filtered in a filter apparatus. The carriage is provided with a resting surface for the filter band and pressure members, angularly rotatable operatively connected to actuators for selectively engaging and urging the filter band against the resting surface and for reciprocating the carriage along the guide rods.

Abstract: A process for thickening a fibrous pulp suspension by guiding the suspension between a rigid first face and a flexible second face that move in relation to each other and form a converging draining gap, where the first face and/or the second face is/are water permeable, and where the process includes providing the suspension to be drained, forming from the suspension a fibrous pulp layer with a solid matter content of at least about 4% on at least one of the first face and the second face, guiding the fibrous pulp layer into the draining gap, applying a pressure differential in the draining gap via the second face to thicken the fibrous pulp layer, the pressure differential being formed by stretching the second face and pressing the first face and the second face toward each other to drain water from the fibrous pulp layer, and transporting the thickened fibrous pulp from the draining gap.

Abstract: A gravity liquid filtration apparatus includes a housing with a pool forming assembly mounted between a pair of side walls in the housing. The pool forming assembly includes a central shaft with a pair of spaced-apart discs rotatably mounted on the shaft between the side walls. A filter media is supported on an endless loop carrier belt, and pressed against the peripheral edges of the containment discs along bottom arcs thereof to form a generally semi-cylindrical shaped pool. A liquid inflow assembly on the housing includes a delivery head with a nozzle portion having an elongated mouth aimed downwardly to discharge liquid onto a downwardly sloped portion of the filter media. A box is formed in the delivery head above the nozzle of a size to permit large objects such as pens and pencils to fall flat and be discharged through the mouth of the nozzle.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for filtering particulate materials from a fluid stream wherein a dirty fluid stream is passed through a moveable filter media and the cleaned fluid stream is recirculated in part to form filter media by-pass preventing liquid curtains along the side edges of said filter media.

Abstract: A device for dewatering solid-liquid suspensions, in particular pulp suspensions, in which the suspension is dewatered between two belts and a dewatering zone is formed in the shape of a wedge between the two belts. The wedge height at its end closest to the outlet is adjustable over the entire belt width by an adjusting element.

Abstract: An endless belt filter for separating liquids and solids from a mixture comprises a liquid-permeable filter belt below the upper run of which is positioned at least one suction tray moveable in the direction of the upper run of the belt, at least one hollow, elongate vacuum rail below the suction trays extending the length of the upper run of the belt, the suction trays seating on the vacuum rail to be guided thereby in their longitudinal movement therealong, and a vacuum source connected to the hollow interior of the vacuum rail, the trays including one or more apertures communicating into the hollow interior of the vacuum rail whereby an under pressure is applied to the trays by the vacuum source to draw liquid from the trays into the vacuum rail. The trays are supported by a pneumatic cushion.

Abstract: An improved filter apparatus includes an upper tank for holding dirty liquid and has a perforated plate. A lower compartment is beneath the plate for receiving liquid from the upper tank. A permanent filter belt for filtering particulate from the dirty liquid is arranged in a first circulating path across the plate. A first pair of drive loops are attached on respective sides of the belt. A drag conveyor having flights is arranged in a second circulating path across the plate. The belt is positioned between the plate and the flights of the conveyor across the plate. A second pair of drive loops are attached on respective sides of the flights. A driving mechanism is operable with the drive loops for indexing the belt and the conveyor along the circulating paths such that a fresh segment of the belt is periodically indexed over the plate while a dirty segment of the belt is being cleaned and the flights of the conveyor carry away accumulated particulate filtered by the belt.

Abstract: A separating device comprises an endless carrier belt which supports a filter belt. Suction boxes for drawing off filtrate are placed on the side of the carrier belt. The carrier belt protrudes laterally into the continuous slot of the vacuum box. In a large separating installation with long carrier belts and filter belts lateral displacements of the carrier belt occur during operation, whereby sealing becomes a problem. These problems are resolved according to the invention in that the suction box has a sealing member connecting onto the side edge of the carrier belt and this sealing member is displaceable laterally.

Abstract: A device for dewatering suspensions such as sludge or similar dewaterable goods contains several rollers and filtering webs that follow a sinuous path around the rollers. The width of at least one pressure gap, as well as the force which is applied on the goods to be filtered in this pressure gap, may be adjusted by sliding or swivelling so that the ratio between linear pressure and surface pressure can be adapted to the properties of the goods to be dewatered. By influencing this ratio it is possible from a standard model to cover a wide range of applications by simple and economic means, so that the cost-effectiveness ratio is improved.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device for dewatering and/or washing suspensions, especially fibre stock suspensions, with two dewatering rolls rotating in opposite directions, where at least a further two guide rolls, especially press rolls, are provided and a woven, especially endless woven, wire or filter belt runs over each combination of one dewatering roll and one further guide roll, by which arrangement the suspension to be dewatered and/or washed is carried in the gap between the two belts and dewatered. The invention is mainly characterised by the two belts forming a vertical gap and by a device to guide the belts being mounted in the region of this vertical gap.

Abstract: A tracking system for a flexible moving belt wherein an adjustable protuberance arrangement on the belt support structure having a preselected removable and replacable frictional surface which serves to engage against an adjacent face of the belt to align and center such flexible moving belt.

Abstract: A scraper blade assembly utilizes an over-center spring to bias the scraper blade assembly both into engagement and out of engagement with a conveyor, such as a moving belt, on a device for separating solids from liquids. The over-center spring extends between a fixed attachment point on the device and a pivoting attachment point on a handle secured to the scraper blade assembly. The invention is particularly applicable to belt filter presses and gravity belt sludge thickeners. An over-center spring may be secured to both ends of the scraper blade assembly to minimize torsional deformation of the scraper blade by the material being separated from the moving belt.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for removing water from sludge the sludge is introduced into an intermediate chamber from which it is fed into at least one sludge chamber having a filter surface. A hydrostatic pressure is built up in the sludge chamber to remove the water. The sludge chamber is then opened and the filter surface moved out of the sludge chamber to remove the filter cake. The hydrostatic pressure is generated by the sludge being transferred out of the intermediate container, after the continuous feed of sludge thereto has been cut off, by positive displacement of the volume of sludge from the intermediate container into the sludge chamber. The feed of sludge into the sludge chamber may occur simultaneously at a plurality of points from a corresponding number of intermediate containers.

Abstract: In a device for filtering, washing and drying a solid material-liquid mixture, using a liquid permeable filter cloth the mixture is first subjected to a pressure difference above and below the filter cloth, whereafter liquid is supplied to the mixture. The mixture present above the filter cloth is then dried according to the invention using radiation sources, the radiation from which has differing, preferably increasing, wavelengths in the processing direction. The wavelength lies in the infrared range. The applied wavelength is chosen subject to the product for filtering.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for concentrating a liquid suspension of solid particles are disclosed including providing a screening web moving in an endless path, folding the screening web into a tubular configuration at a first location along that path, unfolding the screening web from that tubular configuration at a second location along that path, introducing the liquid suspension into the tubular configuration of the screening web proximate to the first location so that liquid can pass outwardly through the tubular configuration of the screening web and a concentrate of the solid particles can be formed therein, and removing the concentrate from the screening web proximate to the second location.

Abstract: A belt-type filter apparatus for removing foreign particles from liquid baths includes a basin containing the liquid, a filter belt which is constructed as an endless perforated circulating support belt and/or a filter belt fleece which can be wound from a roller and may be placed on the circulating support belt, a low pressure chamber with intake openings arranged in the basin and connected to devices for producing negative pressure, and guide rollers which act on the support belt and/or filter belt fleece in such a way that the support belt and/or filter belt fleece are introduced from the top into the basin, are conducted over the intake openings of the low pressure chamber and are then conveyed toward the top out of the basin. The low pressure chamber is composed of a cylindrical drum which is mounted in the basin so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. The interior of the cylindrical drum forms the low pressure chamber and the cylindrical wall of the drum has the intake openings.

Abstract: In a filtration equipment with a filtrate recovery process, in order to achieve reduction in recovery time of suspension in a tank and allow sludge such as filtration aid to be exfoliated readily from filtration elements and discharged, pressurized water is introduced into the tank which includes tubular filtration elements and a plate element provided at upper and lower locations thereof to recover the suspension as filtrate, and pressurized gas such as air or carbon dioxide is introduced into the tank from the suspension side so that water remaining on the suspension side is discharged from the tank by the pressurized gas, whereafter sludge is exfoliated from the filtration elements and then discharged to the outside of the tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for separating liquids and solids. An endless filter belt is used, beneath which a suction box is placed which can generate underpressure relative to the ambient pressure. The suction box is bounded on at least one of the sides by a stationary underpressure box, wherein the suction box is provided with a connecting element co-acting with the underpressure box. This enables embodying of the connection between the suction box and this underpressure box without for example rubber connecting hoses. This is important because rubber material cannot for instance withstand high temperatures.

Abstract: A dewatering apparatus of filter belt type has a guide member having a guide surface whose radius of curvature becomes smaller in the direction of belt travel. An endless roller chain travels along the guide member. A restricting sprocket has a pair of engaging tooth surfaces for engaging with rollers of said roller chain and is rotatably supported near one end portion of the guide member. Endless filter belts hold sludge between an upper filter belt and a lower filter belt. The filter belts are arranged to partly overlap on the rollers from a side of the guide surface of a larger radius of curvature and to depart from the rollers at a side of the guide surface of a smaller radius of curvature, whereby the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are separated from each other to discharge the sludge. Driving rollers give a traction to the filter belts at a side at which the filter belts are separated from the roller chain.

Abstract: A supporting plate is described for a filter in a fluid filter device, said filter being essentially perpendicular to the flowing direction of the fluid, said supporting plate containing a large number of holes which pass from the front side of the plate to the rear side. Each hole (8) provides in the area of the front side (6) and/or in the area of the rear side (7) a distal section (16, 17) which is increased relative to the smallest cross-section of the hole (8), whereby this distal section (16, 17) is of such a shape, that the total surface of the edges (13, 14) between the holes (8) is decreased.

Abstract: A filter apparatus for removing solids from a liquid in which chain conveyor loops frictionally engage a segment of a continuous permanent filter media belt extending across the bottom of a tank over a perforate section through which liquid is withdrawn to be filtered. The chain conveyor loops and permanent filter media follow divergent paths after exiting the tank, the chain loops returning over the top of the tank, the permanent filter media belt returning beneath the tank to a point of entrance at the top of a rear tank wall. A disposable media belt is optionally introduced at the point the permanent media belt and chain conveyor loops reconverge at the entrance point of the tank at the rear wall. The chain conveyor loops are indexed periodically and frictionally engage the permanent media belt (and disposable media, if used) in the segment extending across the tank bottom to cause the belt media to likewise be indexed.

Abstract: A filter apparatus and method use a permanent filter media belt to support a disposable filter media strip which are indexed over a vacuum chamber perforate cover plate at the bottom of a tank containing liquid to be filtered. A flight conveyor frictionally engages the disposable media strip to index both the disposable media strip and the permanent media belt. The side edges are each extended out into a seal enclosure containing an inflatable tube seal, each pressurized to seal the side edges during filtration, the tubes depressurized when the media are indexed.

Abstract: A vacuum or gas pressure clamp prevents movement of an elongate filter cloth used in a horizontal vacuum filter. The clamp includes a support frame and a planar supporting device having a perforated support surface for supporting the filter cloth. The vacuum clamp is mounted on the frame and is adapted for connection to a vacuum source so that vacuum can be applied to numerous holes in the support surface. An imperforate sealing sheet extends over the support surface and in close proximity thereto. The filter cloth can be drawn between the supporting device and the sealing sheet. A vacuum can be applied to the filter cloth in order to prevent its movement in the longitudinal direction. Preferably the support surface forms a rectangular grid comprising rows of closely spaced holes. This grid is surrounded by a sealing surface. In the gas pressure clamp, an enclosure extends around the supporting device and the sealing sheet and a positive air pressure can be provided in this enclosure.

Abstract: A method for assembling an apparatus that removes solid waste material from a stream of water. The apparatus sits in a channel within which the water containing waste material flows. A plurality of vertically oriented, laterally spaced apart, rotating screens are driven by sprocket segments and provide a filtering function. The screens are formed by plural loops of articulated links. Each link includes a horizontally-extending part that lifts solid matter from the stream as the screens rotate. The assembly method includes placing the links on shafts in a predetermined pattern that creates a frusto-conical space bordered by links. The frusto-conical space provides ample clearance space for each sprocket segment and ensures that the sprocket segments will not rub against the links which in turn prevents the parts of the apparatus from becoming misaligned with respect to one another so that the apparatus may operate for extended periods of time without requiring adjustment.

Abstract: Continuously operating filtering devices are voluminous when accommodated in a casing. The casing serves to maintain a determined pressure around the filter, for instance by use of released gases. It is the ojective of the present invention to keep the volume as small as possible. This is achieved by using plastic material for the carrier belt. Up to the present, rubber carrier belts have been used. These however impose limitations on the diameter of the guide rollers. A limitation of the roller diameter to 25% in comparison to rubber carrier belts is possible with the use of plastic. In addition, plastic has a better resistance to aggressive substances.

Abstract: A band filter for the removal of foreign material particles from liquid baths, including a tub filled with liquid, guide rollers for a filter band arranged within the tub bath, the band being introduced into the tub from one side, guided with a spacing above the bottom of the tub and subsequently again conveyed out of the tub towards the top. The filter band being configured as a powered endless screen tissue band or as a filter fleece which is placed upon a support belt that is also driven in an endless manner. The filter fleece can in this case be unwound or reeled off a roller arranged outside of the tub, and a negative pressure chamber receiving the filtered liquid is arranged beneath the filter band. The faces of the filter band facing the bottom of the tub lie on a plurality of support faces extending transversely to the guidance direction of the filter band so as to be spaced from each other and parallel next to each other.

Abstract: A mud dehydrating system is provided. The system includes a table, a centrifugal dehydrating cylinder, endless upper and lower filter cloths, compressing rollers, and a cleaning and washing unit in combination. The cleaning and washing unit has swingable nozzles to spray a strong stream of water on the filter cloths. The cloths are pulled tight by tensioning rollers. Two front compressing rollers have long annular recesses formed therein, into which the filter cloths fit for increasing the mud mass to be compressed for dehydrating and preventing the mud mass from leaking out from the sides of the cloths. The tensioning rollers are moved by a pressure augmenting unit for maintaining a stable pulling force on the tensioning rollers to pull the filter cloths stably for a long period of time.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating solids from liquids including an endless rotatably mounted band of collecting arms for collecting screened solid material, each of the collecting arms having a leading collecting face and two opposite sides adjacent the leading collecting face, and being mounted on support rods which are arranged in spaced relationship around the band, link pieces rigidly attached to the collecting arms for linking one support rod to the next, such that the link pieces form continuous chains around the band, and separate the collecting arms one from the other to form slots between the link pieces, said link pieces being rotatable on the support rods to which they are attached, and a rotatable set of discharging teeth arranged to cooperate with said movable band by entering the slots as the band rotates to move along the leading collecting faces of the collecting arms, thereby to remove collected material gathered at the slots and from said leading collecting faces of the collecting arms.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for thickening a suspension of solid particles in liquid employs three rolls ranged in spaced relation with their axes defining a triangle, and a single loop of wire is trained around and in wrapping relation with all three rolls. With one exception, each of the rolls has in combination therewith a headbox which delivers a flow of the suspension to be thickened in such manner that it is trapped between the wire and the portion of the roll wrapped by the wire so that the trapped suspension is dewatered and concentrated by expression of liquid through the wire. The pulp deposited on the inside of the wire at each of the stations comprising a roll and headbox is ultimately collected from the surface of the one roll having no headbox and is transported out from within the space within the wire loop.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatus for thickening a liquid suspension of solid particles, such as papermaking pulp in water, include a pair of spaced apart rolls and a woven wire or plastic wire belt trained around these rolls. The suspension is supplied to the apparatus at the first roll for centrifugal extraction and is carried by the belt to the second roll for further water extraction and thickening, and is then discharged from the apparatus. In one embodiment, the first roll is formed with an open surface, and the suspension is delivered to the web at least partially by flowing through the first roll openings, from either a headbox in the on-running wedge zone or a headbox internal to the rolls to deliver stock outwardly through the roll.

Abstract: In order to wash the lower run of a horizontal belt filter more effectively, and simultaneously provide for tensioning of the lower run, as required when progressing the belt intermittently, a dead weight roller is supported in a bight of the lower run of the filter belt and reciprocates up and down in a wash liquor vessel as a drive roller is alternately extended, so as to advance the upper run of the belt, and retracted. A one way device is located upstream of the dead weight roller to prevent backward movement of lower run. As the bight decreases and increases, rolling action of the dead weight roller rubs the belt and forces wash liquor therethrough. A plurality of dead weight rollers in one or more wash liquor vessels may be provided and they may be guided at their ends in vertical or oblique guide tracks.

Abstract: In horizontal belt filter apparatus wherein the belt is progressed by alternate incremental motion of the upper run and the lower run, wash liquor used for washing the belt in the lower run, e.g. by spraying into a wash box, is recycled and used for washing filter cake on the upper run at several spaced apart locations. Also, in the upper run, a respective compression device is arranged subsequent to each supply of wash liquor in the direction of travel of the upper run, and during compression gas is blown into the filter cake through the pressure plate of each device so as to maximise extraction of liquid. Trays mounted below the belt are connected to vacuum during stationary periods of the upper run and are arranged to ensure separate collection of liquid for successive sections of the upper run, which liquid may optionally be recycled to upstream locations.

Abstract: Filtration process and filters for use with materials such as, but not limited to, melts, utilizing a band of filter medium sealed in the filter rollers to seal the material from the outside. In one embodiment, the seal rollers reduce to a minimum the leakage of melt to the outside and make it possible to advance the filter medium through the filter continuously. In various embodiments, the filter medium can be advanced either by the takeup spool or by driving the seal rollers and the rate of movement of the filter medium through the filter can be controlled to maintain a constant pressure drop across the filter. Two component wear-resistant seals are also provided. Maintaining constant conditions through continuous advancement of the filter medium during filtration yields higher product quality and dimensional stability.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing juice from a layer of fruit mash including circulating screening belts of a screening belt press, which are guided around drums or rollers of at least one pressing zone jointly forming a meander-like pressing path. The screening belts are guided in a high-pressure pressing zone between at least one pair of stationary pressing rollers and around a pressure roller which is radially movable relative to the pressing rollers. In the pressing position the pressure roller forms a line pressure gap with each of the flanking pressing rollers which acts on the cross-section of the layer of fruit mash.

Abstract: A process for making a battery paste includes steps of forming an active material in an aqueous slurry, then dewatering the slurry to form a battery paste. In one described embodiment, a slurry containing one or more basic lead sulfates suitable for use as the active material in lead-acid battery electrodes is formed in a continuously stirred tank reactor (36). The slurry is withdrawn from the reactor (36) and fed to a belt press (67) which reduces the moisture content of the slurry to the desired level. Battery pastes produced according to the invention may be fed continuously to a paster (89) for mass production of positive and negative battery plates from grids (91).

Abstract: A wire-type pulp washing machine includes an endless moving foraminous wire which extends about a breast roll defining an on-running end and a couch roll defining an off-running end with a generally horizontal upper run of the wire extending between the rolls with showers providing a counter-current washer. The endless wire forms a wire return run having a horizontal wire section beneath the upper run. Pulp which has been washed on the upper counter-current washer may be removed and subjected to a chemical action, such as a bleaching action, and then reapplied to a horizontal return run section of the wire by a headbox to form a pulp mat on the inside surface of the wire. This pulp mat is subject to further countercurrent washing by the application of wash water to an upper surface of the mat and by draining of the wash water through the wire by suction boxes. This wash water may advantageously be applied as the wash water to the last stage of the counter-current washer along the upper run.

Abstract: A unit for cleaning liquid contaminated with solids, including a housing having a tank section defining a compartment in which contaminated liquid is deposited. The solid contaminants tend to collect as a sludge layer on the bottom wall of the tank section. The housing includes a discharge section having a base wall which inclines upwardly away from one end of the tank section. A conveyor moves along the bottom wall and thence upwardly along the inclined base wall for moving the sludge layer upwardly out of the liquid for discharge at a discharge opening. A dryer is associated with the inclined base wall and includes a pressure chamber disposed under the sludge layer for ejecting plural streams of air upwardly through the sludge layer for effecting removal of moisture therefrom. A suction chamber is disposed directly adjacent the upper side of the sludge layer in opposed relationship to the pressure chamber for collecting the moist air passing through the sludge layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for substantially eliminating diffusion and resin capacity as rate-limiting factors in mass transfer between phases in separation, chemical reaction, and biological culture processes by establishing turbulent flow of fluids within a continuous, moving belt of resilient, open-cell foam polymer. The belt is made to move alternately between bulk liquid and gas phases where mass transfer takes place by direct transport to the polymer surface as a consequence of compression and release of the belt.

Abstract: A system for monitoring and/or controlling a liquid/solid separation process is described. The system utilizes photodetectors to view the surface of the composition being dewatered, and correlates the corresponding signals from the photodetectors to dryness values.

Abstract: Liquid filtration apparatus including an endless chain movable in upper and lower runs through a tank and carrying a continuous web of media on the upper run which passes over a guide roller at the upper rear of the tank, under relatively large diameter guide wheels and over driven guide sprockets at the upper front of the tank. The chain and media also pass over an idler roller between the guide wheels and the driven sprocket. The shaft of the idler roller is adjustably positioned in horizontal slots in the tank side walls to change the vertical angle of the media as it exits the pool of dirty liquid. When the media is at a steep angle a greater head of dirty liquid may be maintained, but contaminants may fall off the media, in which case the idler roller position is moved farther away from the guide wheels to provide a more gradual angle of media travel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the removal of water, liquids and liquors from sludges and slurries, the sludges and slurries mixed with an electrolyte to improve conductivity and introduced into a conveyor chamber where an electrical path is established to permit electrical energy to pass through the conveyor chamber and the sludge, slurry and electrolyte to free bound water and remove it from the sludge or slurry, and to heat the sludge or slurry to drive off remaining water by vaporization.

Abstract: Filtering apparatus employs both pneumatic controls and a pneumatic drive to eliminate all electrical components. The filtering apparatus includes a perforate plate and a tank with a strip of filtering media supported on the plate. Contaminated liquid is supplied from above and clean liquid is removed from below the filtering media and plate. The filtering media is advanced across the plate by conveying apparatus. The pneumatic drive for the conveying apparatus is operated by pneumatic controls and a float which actuates the drive when the liquid in the tank rises to a predetermined level as the filtering media becomes plugged. The drive is shut off when the liquid drops to a lower predetermined level.

Abstract: Apparatus for dehydrating sludge originating from water purification stations, comprising a draining grid part positioned above a pressing-belt filter part, and a device for washing the grid wherein the device is positioned above the grid, so as to limit the drop height of the flocculated sludge between the grid and the belt, thus avoiding deflocculation of the sludge between the thickening stage and the dehydration stage, the washing of the grid being performed concurrently with the movement of the sludge on the grid.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, in particular a machine, for the pressing and dewatering or filtering of sludges, fibrous material suspensions or cellulosic material suspensions, having two circulating filter belts or screen belts between which the material to be pressed, dewatered or filtered is made to pass, and two circulating pressure belts or supporting belts for supporting said two filter belts on their sides facing away from the material to be treated, with supporting or pressure means, in particular stationary during the operation of the apparatus, for the pressure or supporting belts on their sides facing away from the filter belts or the material to be treated.

Abstract: A pressure device for machines for dewatering or filtering of suspensions, sludges or the like or for material to be pressed for the exertion of surface pressure on at least one circulating pressure belt which can be provided for supporting an equally circulating filter belt, which pressure device consists of an essentially completely hollow pressure bladder in the form of a closed frame in particular of essentially quadrangular shape viewed in top view of the pressure belt, which pressure bladder is subjectable to pressure medium and forms a very small, self-adjusting gap on the edge.