Abstract: A heater-sensor complex 10 includes a heating wire 12, a lead wire 14 which is made from the same metal of the heating wire 12 and connected to the proximal end of the heating wire 12, the lead wire 14 having a bigger diameter than the heating wire 12, a non-heating wire 16 constituted by a different metal from the metal constituting the heating wire 12, and a sensor head 18 constituted by a metal different from the metal constituting the heating wire 12 or the metal constituting the non-heating wire 16. The sensor head 18 have a lower thermal conductivity than the non-heating wire. To the sensor head 18, the distal end of the heating wire 12 and the distal end of the non-heating wire is connected. The heating wire 12 and the non-heating wire 16 electrically conducts at least through the sensor head 18.

Abstract: A soldering tool may include a tool body comprising circuitry configured to interface with a controller, and a tip portion including a tip that is heated to melt solder and a handpiece that is graspable by an operator. The tip portion includes a heater and a sensor disposed in the tip. The tip portion includes a tip memory device disposed at the handpiece. The tip memory device is configured to store parametric data. The tip memory device is configured to exchange data with the controller.

Abstract: A device that is a handheld circular heating element for use in the construction industry is described. Specifically the device is useful for applying heat uniformly to a two-piece membrane for separation of the outer layer to allow the inner layer to be exposed. The device includes a handle, an electrical supply, an on/off switch and a heating element. The device uses electricity to heat the heat-emitting burner of the heating element, which is then placed next to the membrane. As the membrane is warmed, the two layers of the membrane are able to be separated, which exposes the inner membrane.

Abstract: A catch comb comprising a right component and a left component which are joined together. There is a set of fixed teeth, and a set of movable teeth. The movable teeth are actuated by a grip trigger, which also has a position lock. There is also a rotatable angle indicator, so as to allow replication of angled cuts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heating apparatus for heating a load. The heating apparatus comprises a heater having a heating element for receiving electrical power and for converting the electrical power into heat to heat a heating surface of the heater. The heating apparatus also comprises a temperature sensor for sensing and outputting a measurement of the temperature of the heating element, a power actuator for providing the electrical power to the heating element of the heater, a power sensor for sensing and outputting a measurement of the power provided to the heating element by the power actuator, and control circuitry for controlling the power actuator to control the power delivered by the power actuator to the heating element.

Abstract: A soldering tool may include a tool body comprising circuitry configured to interface with a controller, and a tip portion including a tip that is heated to melt solder and a handpiece that is graspable by an operator. The tip portion includes a heater and a sensor disposed in the tip. The tip portion includes a tip memory device disposed at the handpiece. The tip memory device is configured to store parametric data. The tip memory device is configured to exchange data with the controller.

Abstract: A cryosurgical instrument, in particular a biopsy instrument for transbronchial biopsy, having an elongated instrument base body with a distal and proximal end, in relation to the operational position, a cooled section close to the distal end and which removes tissue, said section being designed such that surrounding biological material adheres thereto, by means of cryoadhesion, when said instrument is in use in the cooled state, and a security section which is provided at a distance from the tissue removal section and which comprises means for preventing or reducing the adhesion of biological material.

Abstract: A soldering iron system with automatic variable temperature control comprising a hand piece or robot arm including a soldering cartridge having a soldering tip, a coil that generates a magnetic field, and a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature of the soldering tip; a variable power supply for delivering variable power to the coil to heat the soldering tip; a processor including associated circuits for accepting a set temperature input and the sensed temperature of the soldering tip, and providing a control signal to control the variable power supply to deliver a suitable power to the coil to keep the temperature of the soldering tip at a substantially constant level of the set temperature input.

Abstract: A device for the fluid-conveying connection of at least one application probe. The device comprising at least two coaxially extending application line elements, with a supply tubing set, said tubing set comprising at least two parallel-extending supply line elements, in a grip element of a surgical instrument such as a cryosurgical instrument, such that, in a connected state, each supply line element is in fluid communication with at least one associated application line element. A fluid-diverting element is provided and arranged, or can be arranged, in the grip element in fluid communication with an application line connecting region for the connection of the application line elements and with a supply line connecting region for the connection of the supply line elements. At least two transfer line elements designed as an integral part of the fluid-diverting element are in fluid communication with the application line connecting region via the application line connecting region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a heat exchanger, comprising at least one electric resistance heating element, at least two conductors which are connected to the at least one electric resistance heating element in an electrically conductive manner in order to conduct electric current through the at least one electric resistance heating element and thereby heat the electric resistance heating element, at least one thermally conductive element for transferring heat from the at least one electric resistance heating element to a fluid to be heated, at least one electrically insulating element, which electrically insulates the at least two conductors, and at least one pipe, wherein the at least two conductors and the at least one electric resistance heating element are arranged within a cavity bounded by the pipe and the pipe lies on the at least one electrically insulating element under a compressive force at at least one contact surface.

Abstract: Systems for identifying and categorizing distributed devices, e.g., lighting fixtures and thermostats, is disclosed. In an embodiment, a user (200) sends a low power discovery message to devices (201) using a portable programming tool (100). The devices (201) within range respond with identification information. The portable programming tool (100) organizes the responses by proximity and sends a “flash” message to the device with the closest perceived proximity. That device responds with a visual or audible signal (202), allowing the user (200) to determine whether that device is the one intended for selection. If so, the user initiates a store routine in which identification information, including category information, is stored in one or more locations, such as, the selected device (201), the portable programming tool (100), and/or a central or local controller (1100). The identification and categorization can, for example, be used to automate load shedding and to reduce energy consumption.

Abstract: A device for applying a composition may include an independent electrical energy source, at least one heater member that is powered by the independent electrical energy source and a circuit for controlling the power supply to the heater member. The circuit may be configured to power the heater member at least two power settings that differ at least as a function of the depletion state of the independent electrical energy source.

Abstract: A hair cutting head 605, for use in a hair cutting apparatus 500 comprising: an elongated heated wire 260 suitable for shaving, cutting or burning hair growing from a skin surface; and a blunt debris removal element 650, situated and configured to remove debris or scorched hair residue from the skin after shaving, cutting or burning by the heated wire.

Abstract: A hair cutting device (100) comprising: a housing (106); a detector adapted to detect motion of the device with respect to a skin surface (400) against which the device is juxtaposed; a hair cutting head (300) having a heated wire (260) suitable for heating hair growing from the skin, the hair cutting head being movable between a first, hair cutting position and a second retracted position at which the wire is removed from the vicinity of the skin; a controller (118) adapted to move the cutting head to the first position or to the second position when it does not responsive to said detected motion.

Abstract: A coolant temperature control apparatus for a wet saw is provided, in which a coolant temperature controller is mounted on the wet saw to heighten the temperature of the coolant to a set temperature, and thus a tile cutting work can be efficiently performed even in cold weather below zero with the work continuity heightened. The coolant temperature control apparatus for a wet saw includes a support member on which a material to be cut is arranged, an electric cutting device cutting the material arranged on the support member, a coolant supply device cooling heat generated during operation of the electric cutting device, and a coolant temperature controller heightening the temperature of coolant stored in the coolant supply device.

Abstract: An electric soldering iron includes a proximity sensor and a processing unit. The processing unit electronically connects to the proximity sensor, a timer, and a power control unit. The power control unit connects to a heating circuit. The proximity sensor senses presence of a nearby user. The processing unit controls the timer to count a time duration when the proximity sensor does not sense the presence of the nearby user. If the non-sensing continues for a certain period the electric soldering iron is switched to less power, and if the non-sensing continues for an additional period of time, the electric soldering iron is switched off altogether.

Abstract: A portable pet warmer may include an outer cylinder and front and rear covers. An inner cylinder may be removably positioned within the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder remains spaced from the outer cylinder while the inner cylinder is positioned within the outer cylinder. A thermostat and a heating element may be located within the apparatus and adapted to be coupled to an external 115 volt alternating current power supply source. A mounting plate and retainer springs are used to hold the thermostat at a secure position during use while permitting easy access to the thermostat during maintenance. An internal power supply source providing a 12 volt direct current to the thermostat may further be electrically coupled to the circuit breaker.

Abstract: A panel for radiant heating and cooling includes a moisture impermeable shell with protrusions extended from a base. Channels between adjacent protrusions frictionally retain a thermal control component such as flexible tubing or an electrical heating element. The protrusions define chambers open at the bottom of the shell. An anchor in each chamber is secured to the top wall and extends downwardly beyond the base. A thermally conductive film is applied to the top surface of the shell. An insulative layer extends downwardly from inside the shell and beyond the base, surrounding the anchors while leaving bottom surfaces of the anchors exposed. The anchors are secured to a floor or substrate by an adhesive to integrally mount the panel. The anchors can receive and frictionally retain axially driven fasteners such as nails and staples, facilitating the attachment of a flooring overlayer integrally with respect to the substrate through the panel.

Abstract: A soldering device includes a tip member and a temperature sensor embedded within the tip member by a buckled copper pipe that is thermally conductive. A soldering device includes a tip member and a temperature sensor embedded within the tip portion by application of a crimping force that deforms the tip portion onto the temperature sensor. A soldering device includes a tip member, a heater member, and a thermally conductive wedge that is pushed into a gap between the tip member and the heater member. A soldering device includes a tip cartridge carried by a handle assembly that includes an o-ring and an o-ring cover that keeps the o-ring from falling off of the handle assembly. The o-ring cover includes a hook portion that engages a catch feature of the handle housing.

Abstract: In a razor having a handle and a blade cartridge containing one or more blades, a system is provided for selectively heating the blades to a controlled temperature range. The blade heating system includes an electric circuit with a battery power source for controlled direction of current flow through the one or more blades in order to heat the blades. The electric circuit further includes an on/off switch, a visual indicator for indicating on/off status, a heat controller for selectively adjusting the temperature of the blades, and an automatic turn off switch for opening the circuit after an elapsed period or some action or non-action of physical movement of the razor for preserving battery life. In a preferred embodiment, all of the components of the electric circuit are housed on the blade cartridge, with the battery power source, switches and heat controller contained within a waterproof casing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heated ice scraper, comprising a blade unit (1) for scraping ice from a surface, and a heating unit (3) including a power source (4) operatively connected to a heating element (5) that is in contact with the blade unit (1) for at least partly heating the blade unit (1). The heating element (5) comprises a film resistor that is in contact with the blade unit (1) for at least partly heating the blade unit (1).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a handheld clamp device for applying heat to a golf ball. The clamp may have two lever arms each attached at one end to a pivot. A golf ball receiving unit may be attached to each lever arm at the opposite end as the pivot. Each golf ball receiving unit may include a heating element. The internal heating surface of each golf ball receiving unit may contain a pattern, which can be a dimple pattern. When in use, the handheld device may heat the surface of a golf ball such that the pattern on the internal heating surfaces forms a dimple pattern into the surface of the golf ball. The handheld clamp device may be included as part of a kit, along with multiple sets of golf ball receiving units, and sometimes at least one golf ball.

Abstract: A device for applying a cosmetic or for adding finishing touches to makeup, the device comprising a heater member comprising a resistive track that is printed or that is made by etching a coating that is deposited on a substrate, the device comprising a temperature sensor that is disposed level with the heater member, the temperature sensor being in contact with the substrate, in particular in the form of a circuit that is printed or etched on the substrate.

Abstract: A coolant temperature control apparatus for a wet saw is provided, in which a coolant temperature controller is mounted on the wet saw to heighten the temperature of the coolant to a set temperature, and thus a tile cutting work can be efficiently performed even in cold weather below zero with the work continuity heightened. The coolant temperature control apparatus for a wet saw includes a support member on which a material to be cut is arranged, an electric cutting device cutting the material arranged on the support member, a coolant supply device cooling heat generated during operation of the electric cutting device, and a coolant temperature controller heightening the temperature of coolant stored in the coolant supply device.

Abstract: A solder handling temperature controller comprises a body (10) of the solder handling temperature controller, a rotating shaft (77) housed in the body (10) and adapted to be rotatable about its axis, a set temperature changing means (75) adapted to change a set temperature according to a rotation angle of the rotating shaft (77), a rotary knob (20) supported by the body (10) in a rotatable manner relative to the rotating shaft (77), and a temperature lock key (40) adapted to be selectively insertable into and withdrawable from the body (10) in a position coaxial with the rotating shaft (77) and the knob (20), and, in an inserted state thereof, to mechanically couple the rotating shaft (77) and the knob (20) together to allow them to be interlockingly rotated, wherein, when the temperature lock key (40) is withdrawn from the body (10), the coupling between the rotating shaft (77) and the knob (20) is released to prohibit the change of the set temperature by the rotation of the knob (20).

Abstract: In order to improve the stripping process, a thermal stripping apparatus is proposed which has a thermal stripper with a first holder section and a second holder section. The holder sections are designed to accommodate and hold at least one coating glass fiber, wherein the first holder section is arranged such that it can move with respect to the second holder section along an accommodated glass fiber. A housing is also provided, having a handle section and an appliance section, in which the thermal stripper is accommodated. A drive unit, which has a lever, is operatively connected to the thermal holder section of the thermal stripper such that a movement with respect to the handle section is converted to a movement of the first holder section.

Abstract: A heater that may be applied to a substrate. The heater may include a graduating material deposited on at least a portion of a substrate, a resistive material and a thermal barrier dielectric coating. The resistive material may include at least two resistive compositions, wherein the resistivity of the material may be altered by varying the composition in given areas.

Abstract: An electric heated knife assembly is disclosed. The electric heated knife assembly includes an electric heated knife and a corresponding stand while the electric heated knife consists of a metal blade with high resistance, a blade holding part, a handle and a rechargeable battery inside the handle. A switch and two contacting points for charging are arranged on front end of the handle. The stand is for setting and storage of the electric heated knife and is connected to an external power source by a wire with a plug. Two electrically conductive contacts corresponding to two contact points for charging on front end of the handle are set on surface with an insertion hole of the stand. Without being used, the electric heated knife is set on the stand and is charged according to users needs. When in use, press a switch on the handle so that the metal blade is heated by the power of the rechargeable battery.

Abstract: A portable moxibustion energy generator by using wavelike temperature variation comprises a box body; a heat unit; a temperature detection unit being connected to the heat unit; an operation unit installed within the box body and being electrically connected the temperature detection unit for determining a tendency of the heat generated from the heat unit; a circuit control unit electrically connected to the operation unit; and a power supply unit being electrically connected to the circuit control unit; the power supply unit supplying power to the heat unit for converting electric energy into heat energy. The temperature detection unit detects a temperature of the heat unit and determines a tendency of heat generated from the heat unit for determination; the heat unit supplying power dynamically so as to adjust the temperature of the heat unit. The method for performing the same is also included.

Abstract: A soldering or a desoldering tool includes a replaceable tip with a recess adapted to receive a portion of a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the tip. Positioning the temperature sensor within the tip allows the temperature to be quickly measured so that the temperature near the tip may be more accurately monitored and controlled. The temperature sensor may be also integrated with the heater near the tip such that the temperature sensor is between the tip and the heater and near both of them so that the temperature of the tip is substantially that of the temperature of the heater. A sleeve may enclose the temperature sensor and the heater with a portion of the temperature sensor extending out from the foreward end of the sleeve. The replaceable tip may also have a bore adapted to receive a head protruding from the foreward end of the sleeve to couple the tip at a predetermined orientation with respect to the sleeve.

Abstract: In order to improve the stripping process, a thermal stripping apparatus is proposed which has a thermal stripper with a first holder section and a second holder section. The holder sections are designed to accommodate and hold at least one coatinged glass fiber, wherein the first holder section is arranged such that it can move with respect to the second holder section along an accommodated glass fiber. A housing is also provided, having a handle section and an appliance section, in which the thermal stripper is accommodated. A drive unit, which has a lever, is operatively connected to the thermal holder section of the thermal stripper such that a movement with respect to the handle section is converted to a movement of the first holder section.

Abstract: A circuit device for a steam engine having a power unit is electrically connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the power unit includes a switching unit having a positive voltage contact set and a negative voltage contact set and is switchable between a first mode, in which the power unit provides electricity to first contacts of the positive and negative voltage contact sets, and a second mode, in which the power unit provides electricity to second contacts of the positive and negative voltage contact sets, a heater module having an input end connected to first and second contacts of the positive voltage contact set and an output end thereof connected to the first contact of the negative voltage contact set, and a voltage step-down unit connected in series to the output end of the heater module and the second contact of the negative voltage contact set.

Abstract: A heater system is provided with a layered heater in communication with a two-wire controller, wherein a resistive layer of the layered heater is both a heater element and a temperature sensor. The two-wire controller thus determines temperature of the layered heater using the resistance of the resistive layer and controls heater temperature through a power source. Furthermore, a heater system using a layered heater in communication with a two-wire controller for a specific application of a hot runner nozzle in an injection molding system is provided by the present invention.

Abstract: A hair cutting apparatus comprising a structure (126), a portion (1216) of which being adapted for placement against a skin surface where hair is to be cut, a heat generator comprising one or more heat elements (1214) positioned to touch said hair and heated to a temperature sufficient to cut hair, at least one of said heat elements being juxtaposed with said portion and a controller that controls the power source to provide pulsed heating of said one or more heat elements.

Abstract: A food cooking container, with means for monitoring the operating temperature thereof, comprises, in the handle support (3) and/or in the handle (2) of the container, temperature monitoring and indicating means for monitoring and indicating a preset operating temperature of the container.

Abstract: Control system and apparatus for controlling current input to an electrical resistance element such as a seal wire. The system and apparatus of the present invention is a closed loop feedback modification to conventional systems, and takes advantage of the inherent expansion of the seal wire as it is heated. The feedback mechanism monitors the length of the sealing wire, and adjusts the current applied to the wire, responsive to that monitored length.

Abstract: A steam-responsive switch for use in an electrical water boiling appliance comprises a main body (12) from which extends a tubular portion (13) having at or near its leading end a heat responsive bimetal (16) extending across the mouth thereof which changes shape above a predetermined temperature defining a chamber behind the member and at the opposite face of the main body (12) an electrical contact pair, the bimetal (16) engaging on its rear face a slidable pushrod (20) which extends through the main body (12) in a sealed manner to act on the electrical contact pair, the tubular portion having a steam/air vent (64) at one side thereof adjacent the rear face of the bimetal (16).

Abstract: Disclosed is a temperature adjusting device for adjusting or setting temperature of a soldering iron, with the adjustment or setting being allowed to a particular authorized operator. The device comprises a temperature control section having a moveable member which is moveable to change an electric parameter, such as a resistance, as a function of the movement of the moveable member, the temperature control section controlling the temperature of the soldering iron in accordance with the electric parameter; a manipulation member detachably coupled to the moveable member to move the moveable member to change the electric parameter; and an indicator interrelated with the moveable member to indicate an adjusted temperature, the indicator being capable of making the indication even when the manipulation member has been detached from moveable member.

Abstract: A soldering iron comprises a tip end; a heater portion for electrically heating the tip end of the soldering iron; a holding portion provided at the rear end of the heater portion: a heat pipe structure provided in the holding portion; a first heat pipe holder for holding a frontal portion of the heat pipe structure to which heat generated at the heater portion is transferred; a second heat pipe holder for holding a rear part of the heat pipe structure; and a grip portion placed externally around the first heat pipe holder.

Abstract: Surgical cutting instrument includes an electrically heated cutting edge and an automatic control system for maintaining the cutting edge at a constant high temperature for sterilizing the blade, cutting tissue, and cauterizing the incised tissue to reduce hemorrhage from the cut surfaces of the tissues (hemostasis).

Abstract: The present invention relates to heating trowel which processes by heat while observing the status of the working material, such as soldering iron, plastic welder, iron, hair iron and the like, and specifically it relates to heating trowel that could be used within few seconds from providing power. A heating trowel comprises a heating wire made of metal plate such as iron chrome alloy and which is thinned to the limit that it could maintain shape, an electrical insulator which is a thin plate of aluminum nitride and the like having more than 10 times the heat conductivity of said heating wire, and a trowel tip/heat storage made from copper and the like having more than twice the heat conductivity of the aluminum nitride and the like and also having high heat capacity, and formed by sufficiently adhering these components closely by pressing and the like using a heat insulating supporter. Also, it is divided into two to a bare heating trowel and a receiving heating device.

Abstract: A soldering station with a control unit and a soldering iron having a replaceable soldering tip, the soldering iron being connected to the control unit by a power cord for receiving electrical power from said control unit is provided with an automatic calibration feature. The control unit has circuitry for controlling the temperature of the soldering iron at the tip by adjusting the supply of power to the tip heater of the soldering iron, a temperature selector for enabling selection of a temperature to which the soldering iron is to be heated by a user, a calibration temperature sensor connected to said circuitry and exposed for enabling it to be engaged by the tip of the soldering iron.

Abstract: An extremely rapidly acting heating apparatus such as for example a soldering iron, plastic welder or hair iron, wherein a fixed large amount of electricity is provided to a heating element for a short period of time by activating a power supply switch once and thereby rapidly raising the temperature of a heating apparatus trowel tip and obtaining a desired higher temperature. By activating the switch, substantially an additional number of times, and wherein the heating element is separated from the trowel by highly heat conducting insulation material such as aluminum nitride and wherein the electrical power to the heating element is off except for the short period of time each time the switch is activated.

Abstract: A self feeding soldering device includes a soldering device; a solder feed mechanism carried on the soldering device; and a solder system controller in controlling connection with the soldering device and the solder feed mechanism. The solder feed mechanism allows the user to control the feed of solder wire onto the heated soldering tip of the soldering device or the area adjacent to the heated soldering tip to be soldered to free one hand of the user to secure the objects to be soldered.

Abstract: An electrically-heated wax spatula apparatus is used in molding and preparing wax models for investment casting. The temperature of its spatula portion can be adjusted immediately during use. The wax spatula apparatus comprises a spatula body provided with a heating portion accommodating an electric heating element and a temperature sensor at the front end of the grip portion thereof and a wax-molding spatula portion installed in the heating portion, and a temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the spatula portion depending on a temperature signal from said temperature sensor. The temperature controller comprises a temperature-setting mechanism for independently setting the temperature of the spatula portion and a preset temperature selection mechanism for selecting the preset temperature levels, and the temperature-setting mechanism is a temperature-setting switch disposed at the front end of the grip portion to be operable with a fingertip.

Abstract: A method of controlling the tip temperature of a soldering iron of the kind to which rectified commercial AC power is supplied. The tip temperature is controlled by setting a control cycle at N times the cycle of AC power and adjusting the number of supply pulses of rectified voltage during each control cycle.

Abstract: A heater/sensor with an electric heating coil has an insulating pipe with a bore therein has nonheating wire threaded therethrough. The nonheating wire is attached to a first end of a heating wire which is wound about the periphery of the insulating pipe. A second end of the heating wire is attached to a second nonheating wire. A first ceramic coating of a binder and a coarse grade alumina is formed on the pipe and wires through a dip process. A second ceramic coating of a binder and a fine alumina coating is formed on the first ceramic coating though a second dip process. The twice coated heater/sensor complex is secured in a soldering iron tip.

Abstract: A thermocouple sensor is fitted to an iron tip of an electric soldering iron provided with a temperature controller. The sensor can detect the temperature of the iron tip and supply it to the temperature controller, which then adjusts the temperature to a desired value. The thermocouple sensor is formed of a pair of non-covered sensor wires. A contact point part of the thermocouple sensor is secured to a nose of the iron tip. The wires are laid along the surface of the nose in the rearward direction and introduced into a hollow portion through a lead-in hole opened in the vicinity of the boundary between the nose and a columnar base of the iron tip. Then, the wires are inserted into and through a pair of guide holes, respectively, formed in a cylindrical insulating support of a heater. The distal ends of the wires are coupled to a socket, which is an end portion for receiving a signal representing the detected temperature of the iron tip to supply it to the temperature controller.

Abstract: A surgical instrument having a resistively-heated heating component responsive to a power source for generating thermal excitation effective for cutting tissue and carrying out hemostasis. The surgical instrument includes a support assembly having two leg extensions connected in heat transfer relationship with the heating component. Two thermal transition regions are provided within the heating component and have extents effective to provide a decreasing temperature gradient and to restrict temperature levels exhibited at the support assembly. The support assembly is formed of high thermally conductive material and extends from the transition regions to an elongate shaft. This shaft is in heat transfer relationship with the support assembly and is formed from a high thermally conductive material.

Abstract: A handheld power control device adapted to be connected to an external power supply for controlling the electric power applied to a heating coil positioned in a fusible area of a thermoplastic pipe joint for thermally fusing the joint. A housing having a cover with a front panel displays various parameters and operating options of the device, and has a plurality of manually operable membrane switches for selecting displayed options and activating the device, and indicating devices for displaying operating states of the device.