Abstract: In various examples, an apparatus includes a first hypotube formed from a first material and a second hypotube formed from a second material different from the first material. A first joint is formed between the first hypotube and the second hypotube, the first joint including a combination of the first material and the second material. The apparatus includes a sidewall and a passageway extending through the apparatus. The sidewall is formed by the first sidewall of the first hypotube, the second sidewall of the second hypotube, and the first joint. The apparatus includes an outer diameter that is substantially consistent along a length of the apparatus and an inner diameter that is substantially consistent along a length of the apparatus. In other examples, a method of joining the first hypotube to the second hypotube is contemplated.

Abstract: A member joining method includes the steps of forming an opening in an intermediate member composed of one part or at least two superposed parts, embedding an insert member formed of metal in the opening, placing a skin member formed of metal on an outer surface of the intermediate member such that the intermediate member is held on an inner side of the skin member, and joining the skin member to the insert member.

Abstract: A joint site design for friction welding of a shaft of a hard material with a hub consisting of softer material, wherein the shaft has a tubular shape with an end face being joined to the hub having a connection area with a flat shape formed by a radial shoulder of the hub.

Abstract: The present invention is a friction welding method for friction welding of metal members characterized by starting friction welding in a state inserting an insert material between surfaces of the metal members facing each other, wherein the insert material consists of a metal having a melting point (centigrade temperature) of 60 to 80% of the melting point (centigrade temperature) of the metal members, melting the insert material, and pushing the melted insert material out from between the pair of metal members. Due to this, the adverse effects due to high temperature heating like in the past are eliminated while a quality of joint equal to or better than the past is obtained in a short time period.

Abstract: A method of joining dissimilar materials that may include a first part made of cast iron and a second part made of a metal alloy that is not made of cast iron. An insert material may be disposed between the first part and the second part. The insert material may be heated such that at least a portion of the insert material forms a transient phase liquid and bonds to the first part and the second part.

Abstract: A method that includes: arranging plastic and further workpieces (1, 3) such that an abutment surface (5) of the plastic workpiece (1) is abutted to a first surface (13) on the further workpiece (3) and a projection (7) on the plastic workpiece (1) extends through a through hole (17) in the further workpiece (3); linearly moving a friction tool (23) parallel to its rotational axis (25) such that a friction surface (31) on the tool (23) contacts a front surface (9) of the projection (7); linearly moving the tool (23) along the rotational axis (25) while rotating the tool (23) so that a pin (29) on the tool (23) penetrates and plasticizes the projection (7) as well as drives a portion of the plasticized projection (7) into an undercut (21) formed in the hole (17) of the further workpiece (3); and retracting the tool (23) from the projection (7).

Abstract: A sealing element for positioning radially outwardly of aerofoil blades of a gas turbine engine is provided. A radially inner surface region of the sealing element includes a seal structure having one or more inwardly projecting walls formed by additive layer, powder fed, laser weld deposition. The walls form a plurality of curved profile shapes which are arranged in a repeating pattern across the radially inner surface region. None of the walls intersects with any other wall. The curved profile shapes have no radii of curvature less than 0.5 mm.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing a cemented carbide cutting tool, includes a) bonding a body part of hot work tool steel and a cutting part of cemented carbides together by heat treatment; b) cooling the bonded body part and cutting part for a preset period of time; c) machining the cutting part to have a predetermined pattern according to its application and forming a cutting tool; d) coating a surface of the machined cutting tool with a film of at least one of metallic oxides, nitrides and carbides; and e) cooling the coated cutting tool for a preset period of time in air, and a cutting tool manufactured by the method. Cracks do not generate even after the coating step, and thus cemented carbide cutting tool having excellent mechanical properties may be manufactured.

Abstract: A method of solid phase bonding metal pieces by securing a first and second metal pieces in edge to edge contact; subjecting the first and second metal pieces to a first upset comprising heating the first and second edges to a temperature in the range of 0.35-0.95 of the melting temperature of the first and second metal pieces and applying a first axil force to the first and second metal pieces to urge the first and second edges together, to upset the metal at the edge to edge contact and form a bond; and subjecting the bonded metal piece to a second upset comprising heating the bonded metal piece between secured locations to a temperature in the range of 0.35-0.95 of the melting temperature of the metal and applying a second axil force to the bonded metal piece to upset the bonded metal piece and form a solid phase bond.

Abstract: A process for connecting a non-symmetrical inside diameter vehicle spindle to a stationary housing is provided. Low and high stress areas of the spindle are determined, where correspondingly reduced and increased material cross sections are provided or increased cross sections are located in an orientation relative to a spindle axis. Consequently, the low and high stress areas of the spindle are aligned with corresponding areas of the stationary housing. Then, the spindle and stationary housing are connected by way of friction welding. This in turn results in selecting a section modulus of the connection of the spindle to the stationary housing, thereby achieving the lowest weight to strength ratio for the connection.

Abstract: A method for friction stir welding is provided. The method may include determining the temperature of one or both parts being welded. The parts may then be heated to a desired temperature and then friction stir welded together. By preheating the parts, the friction required to plasticize the parts during welding may be reduced. Thereby, the rotational speed of the friction stir welding tool may be reduced, and thus the tool life may be extended without decreasing the rate at which welds are created. Additionally, the cooling rate of the weld may be regulated with a thermal control device.

Abstract: A welding tool for friction welding a workpiece, the tool including: a probe having a core including a ceramic material, the probe having a surface coating including a metallic material covering at least part of a contact zone of the probe.

Abstract: A method for the friction stir welding of two components, in particular of two shell components of a fuselage structure of an aircraft and spacecraft, said method comprising the following method steps: positioning the two components relative to one another in such a way that a connection region is formed between the two components; friction stir welding the two components by means of a friction stir welding tool which penetrates the connection region in order to produce a weld which permeates the connection region with the formation of an unpenetrated weld edge portion of the connection region; and introducing internal compressive stresses, at least in the weld edge portion of the connection region. Further a device for the friction stir welding of two components, in particular of two shell components of a fuselage structure of an aircraft and spacecraft is provided.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a module for an airframe or fuselage structure of an aircraft or spacecraft includes positioning a first member adjacent to a second member at an assembly station; welding the first member to the second member at the assembly station to produce a module having a welded joint between the first and second members; and peening at least one of the first member, the second member, and the welded joint at the assembly station to compensate for or to correct distortion caused by the welding.

Abstract: A brake assembly and a method of manufacture. The brake assembly may have a bracket assembly that may include a brake wing and a mounting flange disposed at opposite ends of a tube portion. The bracket assembly may rotatably support a camshaft.

Abstract: A method of making a fluid cooled assembly that incorporates a base that forms a partial enclosure defining an interior void space and having a top wall that has a top surface and that defines at least one opening through the top wall to the void space, the base further defining fluid entrance and exit ports into the void space, the top wall being made of material that can be friction stir welded. A lid having a size and shape substantially conformal to the opening, having a top surface and a bottom surface that defines a set of downwardly extending pins, and that is formed of a material that can be friction stir welded to the base is placed into the opening so that the lid top surface is flush with the top surface of the base top wall and friction welding the lid to the base.

Abstract: A burring apparatus for a friction welding machine comprises a clamp unit provided at the front end of a horizontal main spindle, for holding work piece W1 coaxial with the main spindle, a clamp unit provided at the front end of a slide movable to and away from the main spindle in the direction of the axis of the main spindle and a doughnut-shaped cutter for shearing off a burr. Work piece W2 is moved forward together with the slide until work piece W2 comes into contact with work piece W1 so that the mated ends of work pieces W1 and W2 are friction welded together to form a joint work piece W. The burr formed on the jointed work piece W is sheared off by the cutter. The jointed work piece W is then liberated from the main spindle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is presented. A method may comprise positioning a metallic bladder within a tool, the tool having a number of die liners that generate heat when exposed to a magnetic field; applying the magnetic field to the number of die liners to heat the metallic bladder; and pressurizing the metallic bladder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for joining two essentially metal sheet-type workpieces. In said method, edge regions of the workpieces to be joined are bent by up to 90° in relation to a plane of the workpiece, the bent edge regions being placed against each other, and the edge regions are then heated to a predefined joining temperature by at least one first frictional element that moves relative to the edge regions, are subjected to a certain contact pressure, and are joined while being deformed.

Abstract: A joining process and a joined article are disclosed. The joining process includes positioning an article having a base material, and friction joining a pre-sintered preform to the base material. The pre-sintered preform forms a feature on the article. The joined article includes a feature joined to a base material by friction joining of a pre-sintered preform.

Abstract: A system and method for modifying a work piece surface of high melting temperature materials such as Advanced High Strength Steels, wherein a friction stir welding tool may include cutting elements located on the outside diameter of a collar assembly, wherein the collar assembly may be retrofitted for existing friction stir welding tools, or may be designed as a custom attachment for a new hybrid friction stir welding tool, wherein the surface of the work piece may be modified by removing detrimental flash and burr created during operation of the friction stir welding tool.

Abstract: A method for cutting a wound hose (1), made form mutually engaging windings (11, 12, 13, 14) of a metallic tape (2), with the wound hose (1) being welded in a predetermined axial area (10) and then cut within the area (10) essentially in a plane (6) extending radially, with the wound hose (1) being axially compressed in the predetermined area prior to welding such that in the area (10) a mutual contacting of the windings (11, 12, 13, 14) occurs. The welding is performed along a predetermined number of windings (11-14) in the area (10), and the welding energy required for welding the windings is introduced via the area of the winding hose into it. Additionally, an accordingly produced wound hose (1) is provided and a device suitable for its production.

Abstract: The process of production of a hybrid wheel in light alloy of the type including a disk and a rim able to be rendered integral by a friction weld, is characterized by the fact that it involves the following working phases: production of the front disk, obtained via a dual operation of casting of an initial foundry preform and transferring the said initial foundry preform into a forging die, plus the operation of forging of the aforesaid initial foundry preform in view of obtaining the front disk, and then the operation of flash removal to obtain the said front disk; manufacturing of the rim portion, with production of a billet of light alloy, and conversion of the said billet into a circular flank obtained by hot or cold extrusion, followed by expansion of this circular flank to the dimensions of the final rim, plus the operation of hot or cold flow-forming of the circular flank to the final form and profile of the rim; assembly of the front disk portion and the rim via welding, involving a friction welding o

Abstract: In a friction stir welding apparatus, workpiece fixing surface plates (3a, 3b) are installed on a framework (1). In addition, a welding apparatus main body (8) including a bobbin tool (5) having a probe (5a) protruding upward from a gap (4), a spindle (6) configured to attach the bobbin tool (5) to an upper end section thereof, and a spindle driving apparatus (7) configured to pivot the spindle (6) is movably installed at the framework (1) in a longitudinal direction of the gap (4) via linear guide mechanisms (9) installed at both sides of the welding apparatus main body (8). Further, a moving apparatus (10) is installed to move the welding apparatus main body (8) in the longitudinal direction of the gap (4). According to the friction stir welding apparatus, since the welding apparatus main body (8) is supported by the framework (1) via both of the linear guide mechanisms (9), a large welding reaction force can be sufficiently received.

Abstract: A monobloc piston body for an internal combustion engine is provided. The piston body includes a first piece which includes a pair of skirt portions and a pair of pin bosses and a second piece which includes a crown portion with an upper combustion surface and an at least partially enclosed oil gallery. The first and second pieces are joined together at a joint that is located on a side of the oil gallery opposite of the upper combustion surface. The firs piece is made through casting or forging, and the second piece is made through an additive manufacturing process, such as direct metal laser sintering.

Abstract: A method for producing a composite superconductor includes: a structure forming process of forming a structure including a metal covering member (20) including at least one to-be-joined portion, a superconductor (30) arranged inside the metal covering member, and a reinforcing member (40) arranged between the superconductor (30) and the at least one to-be-joined portion; and a joining process of joining thereafter the at least one to-be-joined portion.

Abstract: A coaxial connector for interconnection with a coaxial cable with a solid outer conductor by laser welding is provided with a monolithic connector body with a bore. A sidewall of the bore is provided with an inward annular projection angled toward a cable end of the bore. A sidewall of the inward annular projection and the sidewall of the bore form an annular laser groove open to a cable end of the bore. The annular laser groove is dimensioned with a taper at a connector end of the laser groove less than a thickness of a leading end of the outer conductor. The taper provides an annular material chamber between the leading end of the outer conductor, when seated in the laser groove, and the connector end of the laser groove.

Abstract: A friction stir welding includes a main body for holding a tool and a hot air and cool air separating unit. The separating unit is disposed at the main body and separates a supplied gas into hot air hotter than the gas and cool air cooler than the gas in a tube portion and ejects the cool air from a first end of the tube portion and ejects hot air from a second end of the tube portion. The hot air is supplied to a front side of a movement direction of the tool in the surface of the work piece from a tool side of the friction stir welding apparatus and the cool air is supplied to a rear side of the movement direction of the tool in the surface of the work piece from the tool side of the friction stir welding apparatus.

Abstract: Embodiments of golf club heads with frequency modulation devices are presented herein. Other examples and related methods are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A method for controlling friction stir welding is provided. The method may include initiating friction stir welding and determining the position of a friction stir welding tool and at least one part being welded. The method may also include adjusting the position of the friction stir welding tool while friction stir welding based at least in part on the positions of the tool and at least one of the parts. The position of the parts may be determined downstream of the friction stir welding tool in order to prospectively account for the position of the parts. Accordingly, the position of the friction stir welding tool may be dynamically adjusted during friction stir welding to account for part movement. Related systems and computer code are provided.

Abstract: A hole in a metal workpiece is filled by friction plug welding. The weld between the workpiece and the plug is reinforced by a weld land in the workpiece that surrounds one end of the plug. The weld land is formed by extruding a portion of the plug into a cavity in an anvil used in the welding process.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling a process in which a component 4 is moved relative to another component 6 such that at least one of the components 4, 6 experiences a reduction in magnitude in at least one dimension. Such processes may include for example friction welding. The method comprises monitoring energy input to the process and adjusting an input parameter for the process based on the monitored energy input. The monitoring of energy input is performed before any reduction in component magnitude has begun to take place.

Abstract: A system and method for repairing and/or joining together multiple lengths of tubulars using friction stir joining, and a system for manipulating the tubular so that friction stir joining may be performed while the tubular is on a reel and/or at a field site.

Abstract: In a process for friction stir welding together pieces of dissimilar material, a first piece of a second metal is overlaid onto a first piece of a first metal that is dissimilar from the second metal such that at least a portion of the first piece of second metal overlaps a portion of the first piece of first metal. The first piece of second metal has a plurality of holes therein and the holes are disposed in overlapping relationship with the portion of the first piece of first metal. Each of the holes is filled with a plug formed from the first metal. The first piece of first metal is friction stir welded to the first piece of second metal at each of the plug locations.

Abstract: A system and method of joining at least two workpieces together using a friction rivet and a friction rivet cap that are friction stirred together after a cutting tip or cutting feature on the friction rivet cuts through workpieces and is then bonded to the friction rivet cap, and wherein the friction rivet cap may be excluded if the friction rivet includes a hollow in the cutting tip, the hollow being flared after the friction rivets cuts through the workpieces to thereby create an integral rivet cap in the end of the friction rivet.

Abstract: Method for producing a vehicle component, in particular a motor vehicle component, in particular a B-pillar, including providing a first aluminum alloy and a second aluminum alloy. The second alloy composition substantially matches the first aluminum alloy composition. Performing a heat-treatment of the first alloy to increase the ductility of the first alloy. Performing a heat-treatment of the second alloy. The heat-treatment of the first alloy differing from the heat-treatment of the second alloy. Welding together the heat-treated first alloy and the heat-treated second alloy to obtain a composite part. Shaping the composite parts into a motor vehicle component. The motor vehicle component sub-region of the first alloy can be designed as a predetermined deformation region when a force is applied due to an accident to achieve a good combination of rigid regions for example forming a safety cell, and deformable regions forming a crumple zone for absorbing energy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dispersion strengthened platinum-base alloys, and more particularly to a method for welding of these alloys and is based on the object of providing an improved process for connecting oxide-dispersed precious metal sheets and a device for carrying out this process.

Abstract: An impact absorbing member is formed by bending one sheet of a metal plate material and then joining adjacent end parts thereof. The impact absorbing member includes the following integrally-connected portions: a fixing plate, an impact absorbing part having two first side wall plates and two second side wall plates, two flange plates, and two bridge plates. The impact absorbing part overall has an approximate square or rectangular tube shape after being bent. Joining parts are provided at each opposing end parts of the first and second side wall plates. The adjacent end parts of the first and second side wall plates overlap and are joined. The end parts of the two flange plates are also joined to the end parts of the two bridge plates.

Abstract: A method for friction stir welding is provided. The method may include compressing mating surfaces of first and second parts against one another in a fixture. One of the first part and the second part may include a first expendable portion and one of the first part and the second part may include a second expendable portion. A rotating pin may be inserted into the first expendable portion, directed along the joint, and removed from the second expendable portion. A conical pin with a threaded outer surface comprising one or more flat sections may be employed in the welding operations.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving friction spot welding process is described herein. According to the method of the present invention, two different metal sheets of similar or dissimilar material can be joined together with the help of a filler material that is filled in a cavity formed at the top of the upper metal sheet. Additionally, either a reinforcement material or an alloy element or combination of both is added in the cavity. The material is plasticized as the filler material is rotated and pushed in the cavity under the application of force. The weld is completed by filling the entire filler material at the weld interface. The addition of reinforcement material or an alloy element enables in customization of interface material properties enhancing the joint strength.

Abstract: A friction agitation welding process for the joining of abutting plate-shaped workpieces consisting of an aluminium alloy, wherein a rotating Bobbin tool is moved along a weld between the two plate-shaped workpieces during feed, exerting a first and a second contact pressing force on first and second sides, respectively, and wherein said Bobbin tool is subjected to an additional axial force during its movement along the weld to plastically deform the area of the created welding seam such that the welding seam is pressed towards one side of the plate-shaped workpieces while forming a welding seam elevation protruding opposite from the workpiece surface.

Abstract: A roller cone drill bit includes a bit body, at least one leg extending downward from the bit body, a journal on each leg, and a roller cone mounted on each journal. A ball race is configured between each journal and roller cone, and a plurality of retention balls is disposed within each ball race. A ball hole extends from the back face of each leg to the ball race, and a ball hole plug fits within the ball hole. The ball hole plug is secured to the leg by a friction stir weld.

Abstract: A turbine component and a process of fabricating a component are disclosed. The process includes excavating a base metal of the component to form a fill region and filling the fill region with a filler metal. The filler metal has a filler metal elongation that is at least 25% greater than a base metal elongation of the base metal. The filler includes, by weight, between about 4% and about 7% iron, between about 14% and about 17% chromium, between about 15% and about 17% molybdenum, between about 3% and about 5% tungsten, up to about 0.02% carbon, up to about 1% manganese, up to about 2.5% cobalt, and a balance of nickel and/or the filler metal elongation is greater than about 35% in/in per two inches.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a long length of coiled metal tubing or the like using friction stir welding. Successive lengths of metal strip are friction stir welded using a three-pass welding technique to eliminate any edge defects in the resulting strip. The method includes one or more three-pass friction stir welding routines, each of which includes a first pass performed using a tool having a first rotational direction and a spiral bit pattern corresponding to the first rotational direction; a second pass using a tool having a second rotational direction and a spiral bit pattern corresponding to the second rotational direction; and a third pass using a tool having said second rotational direction and a spiral bit pattern corresponding to the second rotational direction.

Abstract: First and second aluminum alloy materials (2, 3), each comprised of a 5000-series aluminum alloy containing second phase particles having a diameter less than 5 ?m in a distribution density of less than or equal to 10,000 second phase particles/mm2, are welded together by abutting portions of the first and second aluminum alloy materials, and friction stir welding along the abutted portions (5) to form an integrally-welded aluminum alloy panel (1). The friction stir welding is performed using a tool (8) having a shoulder (10) under the following conditions: (i) the shoulder of the tool has a diameter (d) in the range of 3 mm?d?8 mm and (ii) the revolution number (r) of the tool is 6<r?20, wherein r is tool revolutions/length of the weld (4) in millimeters.

Abstract: The current invention provides a drill pipe of standard weight with an integral wear pad. The drill pipe with integral wear pad provides increased durability while retaining the strength, flexibility, lightweight, and other performance characteristics of standard weight drill pipe. The current invention also provides methods for making a standard weight drill pipe with integral wear pad.

Abstract: A system and method for joining curved surfaces such as pipes by obtaining pipes having additional rough stock material on the pipe ends, the rough stock material being precision machine processed to prepare complementary face profiles on each of the curved surfaces and then performing friction stir joining of the pipes to obtain a joint that has fewer defects than joints created from conventional welding.

Abstract: A hole in a metal workpiece is filled by friction plug welding. The weld between the workpiece and the plug is reinforced by a weld land in the workpiece that surrounds one end of the plug. The weld land is formed by extruding a portion of the plug into a cavity in an anvil used in the welding process.

Abstract: A component is formed by welding a plurality of sheets of metal to form a blank with a number of weld nuggets, placing the blank between a die section and a lid section, heating the die section to heat the blank, and introducing a pressurized gas between the lid section and the die section to press the blank into a mold in the die section to form a component. The number of weld nuggets has a desired thickness ratio between about 1.1 to about 1.25 such that the plurality of sheets of metal and the component formed have a number of characteristics that are substantially the same.

Abstract: A method of welding that realizes enhancements of airtightness and watertightness at weld area and a method of welding and method of friction stir welding that attain an enhancement of welding operation efficiency/speed. There is provided a method of welding including the first primary welding step of carrying out a friction stir welding on the abutting portion (J1) of metal members (1,1) from the surface (12) side of metal member (1) and the second primary welding step of carrying out a friction stir welding on the abutting portion (J1) from the reverse face (13) side of the member (1), wherein in the second primary welding step, the friction stir welding is performed while penetrating a stifling pin (B2) of rotation tool (B) in plasticized region (W1) foamed in the first primary welding step.