Abstract: A drive shaft includes a first annular wall and a second annular wall joined together via a friction-welded portion. The first annular wall and the second annular wall have outer diameters of 30 to 50 mm and wall thicknesses of 3 to 5 mm. A burr created at the friction-welded portion has a connection radius of greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, a base radius of greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, a burr base angle of less than or equal to 40°, and a burr slope length of 0.2 to 5 mm.

Abstract: A dissimilar material solid phase bonding method is disclosed wherein one member and another member having different compositions are brought into contact with one another by way of an insert material to form an interface (1) to be bonded, at which the one member and the insert material are in contact with one another, and an interface (2) to be bonded, at which the other member and the insert material are in contact with one another; the temperature of the interface (1) to be bonded and the interface (2) to be bonded is raised by means of frictional heat and/or by electrical heating; a bonding pressure (1) is applied substantially perpendicular to the interface (1) to be bonded; a bonding pressure (2) is applied substantially perpendicular to the interface (2) to be bonded; and the bonding pressure (1) and the bonding pressure (2) are set to different values.

Abstract: A method of depositing an extrudate onto a substrate, the method including steps of rotating a stirring tool about an axis of rotation while urging a tool distal end of the stirring tool against the substrate, and wherein the stirring tool defines a bore, extending therethrough; positioning a die adjacent to the stirring tool, such that the stirring tool rotates relative to the die; and passing feedstock through the bore toward the tool distal end.

Abstract: A torque converter includes a front cover configured to receive a torque. The torque converter further includes an impeller having an impeller shell non-rotatably connected to the front cover. The torque converter further includes a turbine in fluid communication with the impeller and including a turbine shell. The torque converter further includes a stator disposed axially between the impeller and the turbine. The torque converter further includes a one-way clutch disposed within the stator. The torque converter further includes a side plate axially disposed between the one-way clutch and the turbine shell. The side plate is configured to retain the one-way clutch within the stator. The turbine shell includes a post configured to axially constrain the side plate.

Abstract: A linear friction welding system includes a processing circuit configured to execute program instructions stored in a memory to control a first motor using one of a torque and speed control, placing a plurality of timing gears in a configuration wherein a fixed projection of one of the timing gears is at a trail position of a slot of another timing gear such that two power shafts of a cam assembly are rotating in phase and a ram is motionless. The processing circuit further controls a hydraulic press to generate a pressure between two components to be welded with the power shafts rotating in phase, and controls the second motor using the one of the torque and speed control to place the timing gears in a second configuration whereat the fixed projection is at a lead position of the slot thereby forcing the ram to oscillate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a structural component for a vehicle, in particular an aircraft or spacecraft, includes additively manufacturing a reinforcing plate of a metal material having on a joining surface a plurality of joining arms projecting from the joining surface; and joining the reinforcing plate at the joining surface to a structural element to form the structural component by inserting the joining arms into the structural element such that the joining arms permanently hold the structural element together with the reinforcing plate.

Abstract: A two-piece connection between a supply pipe from a source of water and a connection to a fire sprinkler with the connector having a first or rear section entirely above a ceiling and a second or front section connected to the first section with the connection entirely above a ceiling and the forward portion of second section connected to the fire sprinkler. The first connector section, located entirely above a ceiling, has a spherical male sidewall with a rounded leading edge and a rear portion of the second connector section has a spherical female interior surface.

Abstract: Provided are a long-life and inexpensive friction stir welding tool that is not dependent on the mode of friction stir welding or the type of material to be welded, and a friction stir welding method using the friction stir welding tool. The friction stir welding tool comprises a body portion having a shoulder portion, and a probe portion disposed on a bottom surface of the body portion, and is characterized in that the probe portion is spherical-crown shaped. Preferably, the shoulder portion is flat or convex, and preferably the hardness of the shoulder portion is greater than the hardness of the probe portion.

Abstract: A component, which may be an automotive chassis structure, includes first and second sub-part main bodies. The first sub-part main body is formed of a first material, and the second sub-part main body is formed of a second material. The first material is a steel alloy, and the second material is aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A transition layer is attached to and contacts the first sub-part main body. The transition layer is formed of a third material, where the third material contains at least a majority of copper. A mixed layer is disposed between the transition layer and the second sub-part main body, and the mixed layer is formed of a mixture of the second material and the third material. A disclosed method includes forming the component by friction stir welding the transition layer to the second sub-part main body.

Abstract: A linear friction welding machine having a two-piece collet for holding a workpiece. The two-piece collet includes first and second halves that can be separated for loading the workpiece in a transverse direction, and brought together about the workpiece and locked in place to both secure the workpiece against axial movement as well as support the workpiece against transverse loads.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a clad metal casing includes the steps of arranging and connecting metallic materials with different types from each other to form a clad board; shaping the clad board; and post-process the appearance surface of the formed clad board to form the clad metal casing. The appearance surface after the post-process presents surfaces of at least two metallic materials.

Abstract: The method for producing a metal member includes a step of preparing a first member made of a first metal and having a recessed portion formed therein, and a second member made of a second metal having a smaller deformation resistance than the first metal, and a step of joining the first member and the second member. The step of joining includes a step of increasing temperatures of the first member and the second member by relatively rotating the second member with respect to the first member while pressing the second member against the first member with at least a part of the second member being received in the recessed portion, and a step of stopping the relative rotation of the second member with respect to the first member and cooling the first member and the second member with the members being pressed against each other.

Abstract: A glass plate module (10) according to the present invention includes a glass plate (1), a conductive layer (2) laminated on the glass plate (1), at least one connection terminal (3) fixed to the conductive layer (2), and made of a conductive material, and an adhesive material (4) for fixing the connection terminal (3) to the conductive layer (2).

Abstract: The method for producing a metal member includes a step of preparing a first member made of a first metal, a second member made of a second metal, and a third member made of a third metal, and a step of joining the first member and the second member via the third member. The step of joining includes a step of heating the first member, the second member, and the third member by stacking the first member, the third member, and the second member in this order and relatively rotating the first member about an axis of rotation, while pressing the first member against the third member, without changing a positional relationship, and a step of cooling the first member, the second member, and the third member heated, with the members being in the stacked state.

Abstract: A joint-site structure for components to be connected by overlap friction welding. At least one step of at least one component, on which an axially set-back ring-shaped joining surface is situated, is provided with a radial undercut, in such a manner that on the face side, a region of this step that is unchanged in diameter forms a radial support ridge, which is connected with the at least one component by way of a heat throttle that is reduced in cross-section. The length of each step is designed in such a manner that when the face surface of the one component makes contact with the ring-shaped joining surface of the other component, the other face surfaces of these components, which surfaces lie opposite one another in the same radial position, are still exposed until completion of the friction-welding process.

Abstract: The invention provides a friction-welded structure assembly, comprising a first workpiece (10B), a second workpiece (10C) and a friction welding connecting part (10A). The lower side of the friction welding connecting part (10A) has a first friction welding junction interface (10H) which is in contact with a surface of the first workpiece (10B) and a second friction welding junction interface (11H) which is in contact with a surface of the second workpiece (10C).

Abstract: A method and friction welding system for friction welding. Metallic components are positioned such that welding surfaces of the metallic components contact each other. A metallic component in the metallic components has a relief feature adjacent to a welding surface for the metallic component. The welding surfaces are moved relative to each other while the welding surfaces are in contact such that solid-state joining of the metallic components at the welding surfaces occurs to form a structure. The relief feature causes a material from at least one of the metallic components to form with respect to the relief feature in a manner that enables performing an additional solid-state joining operation with the structure at a subsequent welding surface on the structure without removing flash.

Abstract: A metal member producing device includes a spindle, a base portion, and a driving portion which drives at least one of the spindle and the base portion in an axial direction of the spindle. Of the spindle and the base portion, one includes a first holding portion for holding a first member. The other has disposed thereon a mold for holding a second member to oppose the first holding portion. The mold includes a bottom wall and a sidewall that extends from the bottom wall in a direction intersecting the bottom wall. The sidewall has a resistive wall formed thereon, the resistive wall being a wall surface inclined with respect to a plane parallel to the axial direction of the spindle so as to face the bottom wall side.

Abstract: Provided is a pipe holding connection structure configured so that the width of the entire structure is reduced and so that the number of parts and the number of assembly work processes are reduced. This pipe holding connection structure is provided with: a housing affixed so as to air-tightly close the opening of a vacuum container; a first pipe having a portion near an end portion thereof extending through both the opening and the housing; and a second pipe having a female thread part engaging with a male thread part located at the end portion. The pipe has a locking part. Fluid is caused to flow through both the pipes. Pieces of packing are provided between the pipe and the housing and between the pipe and an end portion of the pipe, respectively. This pipe holding connection structure can be used for a high-frequency antenna device.

Abstract: A friction welding tool having a main body and a first clamp for gripping a first weld component and a second clamp for gripping a second weld component, at least one of the clamps being movable with respect to the other to effect friction welding of the respective weld components. The friction welding tool includes a vibration damper arrangeable to absorb vibrations of the first weld component during the friction welding. The friction welding tool includes an anchor element arranged to couple the damper to the main body of the friction welding tool to transfer absorbed vibrations to the main body.

Abstract: Friction-weld assemblies and methods of spin-welding are provided, where the components being joined are polymeric components. Designs provided for the polymeric components enable the use of relatively low speeds and pressures to achieve superior friction weld joints between the components. Further, large surface area polymeric components can be successfully friction welded with such designs. In certain variations, at least one polymeric component has a weld surface with a plurality of surface features that are concave (e.g., grooves) or convex. In other variations, the first component in the weld region has a distinct non-complementary shape from the second component, thus creating a progressive advancing weld line that avoids high temperatures that might incur damage to the polymeric component and weld joint. Such component designs additionally provide for improved flash management at the weld joint.

Abstract: A heavy weight drill pipe for use in a downhole tool. The heavy weight drill pipe may include a tool joint made of as first steel alloy selected from the group consisting of AISI 4135, AISI 4137, AISI 4140, AISI 4142, AISI 4145, and AISI 4147. The tool joint may have as radial thickness between about 3.0 cm and about 5.7 cm. The heavy weight drill pipe may also include as pipe made of as second steel alloy selected from the group consisting of AISI 4135, AISI 4137, AISI 4140, AISI 4142, AISI 4145, and AISI 4147. The pipe may have a radial thickness between about 1.6 cm and about 3.3 cm. A weld region may be formed between the tool joint and the pipe. The weld region may be formed by friction welding the tool joint to the pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a preparation method for a composite which comprises the following steps: (a) preparing unit metal pieces comprising two or more types of different metals; (b) circumferentially arranging the two or more types of unit metal pieces in a mold comprising upper and lower dies; (c) applying compressive stress to the loaded metal pieces using the upper and lower dies; and (d) rotating the upper and lower dies in one or two directions to apply torque in the pressed state.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a piston (1) for an internal combustion engine, characterized by the following method steps: producing an upper piston part (2) and a lower piston part (3) having one or more recesses (4, 4?) for forming a closed cavity (5); introducing a heat transfer medium (6), in particular one or more alkali metals, that is solid or paste-like at ambient temperature and liquid at the intended operating temperature of the piston, into the recesses (4, 4?) of the lower piston part (3) and/or of the upper piston part (2), wherein the heat transfer medium (6) is provided in order, during the operative state of the piston (1), to effect heat transport within the piston (1) by convection; closing the recesses to form the closed cavity (5) which encloses the heat transfer medium (6); and connecting the upper piston part (2) to the lower piston part (3). This enables the piston (1) to be produced in a simplified manner.

Abstract: In some implementations, an injection system that injects sealant into a pipe, pressure component or valve while containing the pipe, pressure component or valve repair that significantly reduces or eliminates release of hazardous material from inside the pipe, pressure component valve or injection system and thus significantly reduces emission of the hazardous material from inside the pipe, pressure component or valve into the environment and protecting the repair technicians.

Abstract: The invention aims at providing a friction stir welding method which can achieve joining a butting portion to a deep location therein by reducing the load on the friction stirring device. The friction stir welding method for joining two metal members (1) using a primary joining rotary tool (F) with a stirring pin (F2) includes a primary joining process in which a rotating stirring pin (F2) is moved to the butting portion formed by butting the metal members (1) against each other and friction stir welding is carried out. In the primary joining process, only the stirring pin (F2) is brought into contact with the metal members (1).

Abstract: A boat launch for the pillars of offshore installations includes fender pipes extending substantially perpendicularly to sea level and a ladder being positioned closer to the pillars than the fender pipes. The fender pipes have an inner pipe consisting of steel that is not resistant to seawater and an outer pipe consisting of a seawater resistant metal alloy.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy propeller shaft including a tube made of an aluminum alloy, and a pair of yoke members made of an aluminum alloy, the yoke members including cylindrical base portions friction-welded to opposite end portions of the tube, each of the yoke members including a tip end portion having a pair of bearing retaining holes aligned with each other in a radial direction of the base portion. Variation in length between a central axis of the bearing retaining holes in one of the yoke members and a central axis of the bearing retaining holes in the other yoke member with respect to a reference length is set within a range of from +2.0 mm to ?2.0 mm. A friction welding process of producing an aluminum alloy propeller shaft, including a friction step, a position displacement detection step, a rotation stop step and an upset step.

Abstract: A terminal unit of a secondary battery and a method of manufacturing the same, the terminal unit including an electrode rivet, the electrode rivet being connected to an electrode assembly; a rivet terminal, the rivet terminal including a metal different from a metal of the electrode rivet; and a medium plate, the medium plate including a same metal as the electrode rivet, and being disposed between the electrode rivet and the rivet terminal so as to be overlap-weldable to the rivet terminal.

Abstract: An axle shaft has an inboard end portion with a spline for engagement with a differential assembly and an outboard end with a flange for mounting a wheel hub assembly. One or both of the end portions have cavities for weight reduction. The inboard end portion cavity extends underneath the spline. The outboard end portion cavity extends completely underneath the flange.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flash butt welding process for joining sections of a railway line using vibration apparatus, the process including configuring and attaching a vibration apparatus on the railway line such that a vibration means is attachable to the railway line, and controlled vibration of the railway line at a suitable low frequency of vibration and amplitude of vibration, and then welding sections of railway line together using a flash butt welding means, and applying vibration to the sections of railway line until the flash butt weld is complete, and applying a controlled vibration to the welded sections of railway line for a period of time sufficient to allow for heat to dissipate from the weld area, and to allow for the weld area to be stress relieved for an improved weld joint.

Abstract: A fixture assembly for securing at least one side rail to a shroud tile of a gas turbine is disclosed. The fixture assembly may include a first support member, a second support member, a first guide block and a second guide block. The first and second guide blocks may be formed from a material that has the same or a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as the material used to form at least one of the shroud tile and the at least one side rail. In addition, the first and second support members may be formed from a material that has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the material used to form the first and second guide blocks.

Abstract: A rotary tool (11) for use with a rotary driving unit (12) for inserting a component (14,14?,14?) through a surface of a workpiece made of a material showing friction-induced plasticity such as aluminum, includes a tool body (22) having a working end (24) defining a shoulder portion (26) and a securing device (28,28?) for selectively engaging the component to impart rotation thereof in a first direction while applying an axial force of a sufficient magnitude onto the component to produce insertion thereof by plasticizing the material through friction. The shoulder portion is provided with a deburring device (34) capable of being displaced from an inoperative position upon rotation of the tool body (22) in the first rotation direction (30), to an operative position whenever the tool body is caused to rotate in an opposite direction (30?), to provide deburring of the workpiece surface.

Abstract: A method of friction welding. A cutout (35) is formed in an edge (34) of a wall such as a turbine blade platform (24). The cutout has a concave surface of rotation of up to 180 degrees in angular extent that is open to the wall edge The circumference (40) of a rotating disk (36) of additive material is pressed into the cutout. Surface friction creates heat that fuses the disk into the surface of the cutout Scrap material is then trimmed flush with the wall surfaces. Two such processes may be performed on opposite edges (34A, 34B) of a wall, balancing the inward pressing forces (42A, 42B) of two disks. The disk may be rotary oscillated (56), such as plus and minus 5 degrees, thereby allowing a non-contacting part of the disk circumference to be eliminated Thin walls may be supported by incompressible fugitive material (70).

Abstract: A method and a device for producing a pipe bed or a pipe bed profiling. The method includes: digging a trench, producing a trench floor, producing the pipe bed or pipe bed profiling by a pipe-bed finisher adapted in at least one sub-region of its outer contours to the outer contours of the pipe to be laid, and on its longitudinal sides at least one guide or side element projects laterally on each of its two sides. The device has a pipe-bed finisher, shape-adapted in at least one sub-region of its outer contours to an outer contour of the pipe to be laid. The pipe-bed finisher is constructed either as a pipe profiling arbor that has at least on one front end, a finished guide tip or as a pipe profiling sleeve that has a punch-like, open or closed, concave or convex sleeve end region in the advancing direction.

Abstract: An axle shaft is fabricated from two separate pieces. The axle shaft is comprised of an axle shaft body having a forged initial flange portion formed at one end. An axle shaft flange, fabricated by stamping or casting for example, is secured to the forged initial flange portion at a weld interface to form a finished axle shaft.

Abstract: A cooking vessel is made of metal material and includes a vessel body. The vessel body has a heat conducting disc made of aluminum material. A method of making the cooking vessel contains steps of: precast molding the heat conducting disc so as to y form a plurality of ribs or circular grooves which facilitate heating after placing the cooking vessel on a stove and heating the cooking vessel by ways of the stove; clamping a vessel bottom and the heat conducting disc by using a mold on a friction welding machine and rotating the heat conducting disc; pushing the heat conducting disc toward the vessel bottom; friction welding the heat conducting disc with the vessel bottom. Thereby, the vessel bottom and the heat conducting disc are one piece formed securely.

Abstract: Support device (20) meant to bear in supporting fashion on one or more work pieces in connection with friction stir welding, comprising: A holder unit (30), a first support wheel (40) which can be rotated relative to the holder unit about a first rotational axis (R1), and a second support wheel (50) which can be rotated relative to the holder unit around a second rotational axis (R2) which is parallel to the said first rotational axis, a support body (60) connected with the holder unit which is situated between support wheels and exhibits a support surface (61) turned outward, and an endless flexible metal belt (21), which runs in a loop over the outer peripheral surfaces (41, 51) of the support wheels, and is in sliding contact with the support surface of the support device, wherein the support devices are shaped to provide support as they bear on one or more work pieces with the outer peripheral surfaces of the support wheel, and with the support surface of the support body resting against the work piece

Abstract: Tubulars are joined to each other without rotation of the tubulars. A coupling is placed between the aligned tubulars and is supported for rotation or oscillating about its longitudinal axis. The tubulars are clamped in a manner that allows a compressive force to be transmitted to the coupling as the coupling is rotated. An induction device can preheat each connection site before friction welding and/or provide heat as the connection is made and is allowed to cool down. The process can continuously create a string of casing or liner that can be run in or drilled into a wellbore.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing chassis components for commercial vehicles, comprising the following steps: providing a first element and a second element, wherein the first element has a first contact region, in which it is designed essentially rotationally symmetrically about a rotational axis, and wherein the second element has a second contact region, which is curved and arranged opposite the first contact region; causing one of the elements to rotate about the rotational axis relative to the respective other element; pressing the elements against one another such as to generate friction between the second contact region and the first contact region and partial melting in the first and second contact regions; delaying the rotation of the elements relative to one another, wherein the partially melted regions transition into the solid state and a bonded connection is established between the first element and the second element.

Abstract: A connecting method of a single core electric wire to a stranded electric wire which can prevent a contact resistance from increasing is provided. The connecting method includes a tube inserting process that a single core wire and a twisted wire are respectively inserted from openings and of a tubular joint terminal having a single core wire inserting part from an end part to a prescribed position in an interior side and a twisted wire inserting part from the other end part to the single core wire inserting part in the interior side, and a metallic bond process that an end face contacts under pressure with an end face and the single core electric wire is rotated in a twisting direction of the twisted wire to metallically bond the end faces.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a shaft of a surgical instrument including forming a proximal segment of the shaft to include one or more features for operably engaging the shaft to a first component of the surgical instrument, forming a distal segment of the shaft to include one or more features for operably engaging the shaft to a second component of the surgical instrument and forming an intermediate segment of the shaft. The proximal segment is welded to a proximal end of the intermediate segment; and the distal segment is welded to a distal end of the intermediate segment. The proximal and distal segments are welded to the intermediate segment such that the one or more features thereof are aligned in a pre-determined orientation relative to one another.

Abstract: A propeller shaft includes a first shaft having a yoke at one end, a second shaft slidably connected to the other end of the first shaft, and a surface treated member which is arranged at a connecting portion, at which the first shaft and the second shaft are connected to each other, and to which surface treatment for improving slidability of the second shaft with respect to the first shaft is applied. The surface treated member is formed by a substrate which is separate from the first shaft and the second shaft and to which the surface treatment has been applied. The surface treated member is arranged at the connecting portion, at which the first shaft and the second shaft are connected to each other, after the surface treatment is applied.

Abstract: A frictional welding process for joining a titanium aluminide turbine to a titanium alloy shaft is disclosed. The disclosed process includes preheating the turbine to a designated temperature, providing a specially-designed joining interface geometry at the distal end of the shaft and optimizing the frictional welding parameters. The frictional welding is carried out in multiple steps but, while the shaft is being spun by a rotating chuck, two different pressures and two different time periods are used until the narrower portions of the distal end of the shaft have been fused onto the welding surface of the turbine. Then, an additional forging step with yet another engagement pressure between the shaft and the turbine is carried out without rotation of the shaft.

Abstract: Tubulars are joined to each other without rotation of the tubulars. A coupling is placed between the aligned tubulars and is supported for rotation or oscillating about its longitudinal axis. The tubulars are clamped in a manner that allows a compressive force to be transmitted to the coupling as the coupling is rotated. An induction device can preheat each connection site before friction welding and/or provide heat as the connection is made and is allowed to cool down. The process can continuously create a string of casing or liner that can be run in or drilled into a wellbore.

Abstract: The invention provides a friction-welded part featuring easy design as well as a method of producing said part. The friction-welded part 1 is produced by friction-welding a first member 10 and a second member 20 together. The first member 10 is made of an aluminum alloy material, having a uniform cross-section portion 11 whose cross-sectional shape and size are not changed. The second member 20 is made of an aluminum alloy material, having a uniform cross-section portion 21 whose cross-sectional shape and size are not changed. According to the invention, the uniform cross-section portions 11 and 21 are friction-welded together to form the part 1. A heat affected zone “H” caused by friction welding is formed only in the uniform cross-section portions 11 and 21. The uniform cross-section portion 11 of the first member 10, and the uniform cross-section portion 21 of the second member 20, respectively, have a cylindrical shape, preferably having the same sectional dimension.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a tool for friction stir welding including a base material and a coating layer formed on the base material, wherein the coating layer is formed of two or more layers, and the coating layer as a whole has a thermal permeability of 8000 J/s0.5·m2·K or less, at least one layer of the coating layer includes a hexagonal crystal system and/or an amorphous structure, at least one layer of the coating layer includes a cubic crystal system, and the coating layer has compressive stress.

Abstract: A component for use with a rotary tool and to be inserted through a surface of a workpiece made of a material showing friction-induced plasticity such as aluminum, is rotated in a first direction while an axial force of a sufficient magnitude is applied onto the component to produce insertion thereof by plasticizing the material through friction. The component includes a connection portion and an insert portion having a penetrating end defining a maximum outer diameter, and an outer surface forming at least one generally circular anchoring recess defining a minimum diameter. The connecting portion is adapted not to substantially deform upon insertion of the insert portion, and a ratio of minimum diameter and maximum diameter is between about 65% and 90%.

Abstract: A method of friction welding a workpiece and a component part is disclosed. The workpiece has a weld surface that is coextensive with at least a portion of a virtual surface, which is symmetric about an axis, and the component part includes a complementary surface that conforms to the weld surface. The method includes angularly oscillating the workpiece about the axis; urging the weld surface and the complementary surface together with a first predetermined force to create a plasticized region between the workpiece and the component part; urging the weld surface and the complementary surface together with a second predetermined force; discontinuing angularly oscillating the workpiece; urging the weld surface and the complementary surface together with a third predetermined force; and discontinuing to urge the weld surface and the complementary surface together when the workpiece and the component part coalesce.

Abstract: A thermowell is provided for positioning on a pipeline or tank to measure the temperature. The thermowell comprises a head for receiving a probe, and the well has a closed end. An elongated hollow tubular connects the head and the well. The tubular includes one or more tubular parts, each of a selected axial length, joined by a friction welding to one of the more of the head, the well or another of the tubular parts.