Pour Spout Includes At Least Part Of The Top Wall Patents (Class 229/217)
  • Patent number: 9469082
    Abstract: A printable blank sheet includes a sheet with a top substrate and a bottom layer, a dry lift adhesive connecting the top substrate to the bottom layer, cut lines in the sheet that extend through the top substrate and the dry lift adhesive but not through the bottom layer, and an object with an intricate shape cut into the top substrate with a periphery of the object defined by the cut lines. The object can be removed from the sheet by separating the object and the bottom layer along the dry lift adhesive.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 20, 2014
    Date of Patent: October 18, 2016
    Assignee: Blank Acquisition LLC
    Inventor: Benjamin Todd Carroll
  • Patent number: 9409672
    Abstract: A closure on a rectangular container with a square or rectangular cross section with the closure easily opened into a pour spout. The container closure can be resealed. The new container provides a consumer friendly container design, reduced materials consumption, high efficiency from production capacity and distribution view points.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 24, 2012
    Date of Patent: August 9, 2016
    Inventor: Wilhelm Kullberg
  • Patent number: 8622240
    Abstract: Reclosable pour systems useful on any suitable container and containers comprising the reclosable pour systems are disclosed. The system features a pour opening comprising a hinged flap and a tab that enables latchable reclosing and reopening of the pour opening, to allow the pouring of a flowable material contained within the container. A unitary blank capable of being cut and folded to produce a container comprising the reclosable pour system, as well as methods of manufacture and use of a container comprising the reclosable pour system, are also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 22, 2011
    Date of Patent: January 7, 2014
    Assignee: Nestec S.A.
    Inventors: Amy Johnson Krasucki, Edgar Merino, Brian Scott Canady
  • Publication number: 20120138667
    Abstract: A carton for containing a product. The carton comprises a plurality of panels that extends at least partially around an interior of the carton. The plurality of panels comprises a first end panel, a first side panel, a second end panel, and a second side panel. At least one top flap can be respectively foldably connected to a respective panel of the plurality of panels. The at least one top flap comprises at least an end top flap foldably connected to the second end panel. A dispenser can comprise at least a portion of the end top flap, a tear feature extending at least partially across the end top flap, and a dispenser pattern extending in at least a portion of the end top flap and the second end panel. The dispenser can be positionable between a dispensing position and a closed position after tearing the tear feature.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 2, 2011
    Publication date: June 7, 2012
    Inventors: Bradley J. Burke, Karl A. Kohler, Robert Wolfe
  • Publication number: 20120074159
    Abstract: Reclosable pour systems useful on any suitable container and containers comprising the reclosable pour systems are disclosed. The system features a pour opening comprising a hinged flap and a tab that enables latchable reclosing and reopening of the pour opening, to allow the pouring of a flowable material contained within the container. A unitary blank capable of being cut and folded to produce a container comprising the reclosable pour system, as well as methods of manufacture and use of a container comprising the reclosable pour system, are also disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 22, 2011
    Publication date: March 29, 2012
    Inventors: Amy Johnson Krasucki, Edgar Merino, Brian Scott Canady
  • Patent number: 7984844
    Abstract: A carton for holding a dispensable material. The carton has a dispenser panel including a spout for dispensing the material. An outer spout panel overlaps the spout in the dispenser panel and is at least partially detachable from the dispenser panel to facilitate opening the spout.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 9, 2009
    Date of Patent: July 26, 2011
    Assignee: Graphic Packaging International, Inc.
    Inventor: Edward W. Jones
  • Patent number: 7913897
    Abstract: A carton includes a reclosable dispenser that allows a top end of the carton to be accessed and subsequently reclosed. The sides of the carton can be pressed together to vary the size of the dispenser opening.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 2007
    Date of Patent: March 29, 2011
    Assignee: Graphic Packaging International, Inc.
    Inventor: Tim Manaige
  • Patent number: 7717322
    Abstract: Cartons are formed from two or more continuous webs that can individually or concurrently provided with cuts, scores, or other lines of disruption.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 2007
    Date of Patent: May 18, 2010
    Assignee: Graphic Packaging International, Inc.
    Inventors: Joseph C. Walsh, Robert L. Conatser, Raymond S. Kastanek
  • Patent number: 7581673
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a container comprising opposing top and bottom walls and four side walls each having an upper and lower ends, the opposing top and bottom walls and the four side walls bridging the opposing top and bottom walls. The top wall comprises a pivotable tab integrally extending from one transverse end of the top wall. A generally U-shaped indentation is formed on one of the four side walls to receive the pivotable tab therein. A dispensing opening is configured on the upper end of one of the four side walls. The dispensing opening and the pivotable tab cooperate with one another to define a pour spout. The pivotable tab is seated in the U-shaped indentation to cover the dispensing opening when the pour spout is in a closed position and the pivotable tab is detached from the dispensing opening when the pour spout is an open position.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 25, 2007
    Date of Patent: September 1, 2009
    Assignee: International Paper Company
    Inventor: George E. Elliston
  • Patent number: 7210612
    Abstract: A carton blank having an outer layer of a relatively rigid material, a first inner layer of a relatively rigid material superposed over a portion of the outer layer and a second inner layer of a relatively flexible layer of a fluid impervious material is provided with first and second weakened portions so that, after a carton has been formed from the carton blank, filled with a desired material and sealed, the first weakened portion may be broken to form a flip top lid which when moved in an arcuate path will gradually sever the second weakened portion to form an opening in the carton so that an amount of the desired material may be removed from the carton. The carton also may include a feature which allows the flip top lid to be securely re-closed after initial opening of the lid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 21, 2005
    Date of Patent: May 1, 2007
    Assignee: Graphic Packaging International, Inc.
    Inventors: Joseph C. Walsh, Robert L. Conatser, Raymond S. Kastanek
  • Patent number: 7097092
    Abstract: A package for a flowable dry food product includes an outer rectangular box with a removable portion for forming an opening in a portion of the top, and a bag inside the box, having a reclosable portion extending substantially the length of the opening, but less than the entire width of the package.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 2, 2002
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2006
    Assignee: Ralcorp Holding, Inc.
    Inventor: Bruce A. Marrale
  • Patent number: 7036714
    Abstract: A carton blank having an outer layer of a relatively rigid material, a first inner layer of a relatively rigid material superposed over a portion of the outer layer and a second inner layer of a relatively flexible layer of a fluid impervious material is provided with first and second weakened portions so that, after a carton has been formed from the carton blank, filled with a desired material and sealed, the first weakened portion may be broken to form a flip top lid which when moved in an arcuate path will gradually sever the second weakened portion to form an opening in the carton so that an amount of the desired material may be removed from the carton. The carton also may include a feature which allows the flip top lid to be securely re-closed after initial opening of the lid.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 5, 2001
    Date of Patent: May 2, 2006
    Assignee: Graphic Packaging International, Inc.
    Inventors: Joseph C. Walsh, Robert L. Conatser, Raymond S. Kastanek
  • Patent number: 6394340
    Abstract: An easy-opening, liquid-tight package has an interior space for storage. The package includes a front wall, a rear wall opposing the front wall, a pair of opposing side walls, a bottom wall and a top wall opposing the bottom wall. A seal wall is contiguous with the top wall and extends from a juncture of the top wall and the seal wall. The seal wall has an edge that is opposite the juncture. The seal wall is sealed to the front wall at an exterior surface of the front wall. At least one line of weakness is formed in the top wall, extending from the seal wall at the edge into the top wall. The line of weakness defines a cover portion of the top wall. The cover portion is formed from a portion of the seal wall and a portion of the top wall. When the top wall and seal wall are separated along the line of weakness, the cover portion is separable from the package to define an open area for accessing the interior storage space of the package. A blank for the package is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 6, 2000
    Date of Patent: May 28, 2002
    Assignee: Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, SA
    Inventors: David Anchor, Sheila Moss, Matt Aho, Craig Boyd, Chris Moss
  • Patent number: 6386438
    Abstract: A carton blank having an outer layer of a relatively rigid material, a first inner layer of a relatively rigid material superposed over a portion of the outer layer and a second inner layer of a relatively flexible layer of a fluid impervious material is provided with first and second weakened portions so that, after a carton has been formed from the carton blank, filled with a desired material and sealed, the first weakened portion may be broken to form a flip top lid which when moved in an arcuate path will gradually sever the second weakened portion to form an opening in the carton so that an amount of the desired material may be removed from the carton.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 28, 2000
    Date of Patent: May 14, 2002
    Assignee: Graphic Packaging Corporation
    Inventors: Joseph C. Walsh, Robert L. Conatser, Raymond S. Kastanek
  • Publication number: 20020053592
    Abstract: A package for pourable products, with integral tamper-evident retractile pouring spout and pouring control, the package comprising a box with a corner thereof having a pouring opening defined between an upper wall, a front wall and side walls, the corner including an upper inclined portion downwardly extending from the upper wall towards the front wall, and a snapping movable portion upwardly extending the front wall and overlapping the upper inclined portion, the snapping portion snap-moving between a close position wherein the snapping portion is resting against the upper inclined portion and closing the opening, and an open position wherein the snapping portion is spaced apart from the upper inclined portion in a manner that the pouring opening forms a pouring spout.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 2, 2001
    Publication date: May 9, 2002
    Inventor: Martin Gabriel Urtubey
  • Patent number: 6158654
    Abstract: A carton blank has a generally half-circular line of perforation extending in the outer top panel and an end panel joined to the outer top panel at a hinge line. The line of perforation has a reduced radius portion which forms a lip in the assembled carton which acts as a closure for the spout. The end panel has an outside free edge not aligned with the main panel top edge so as to expose a portion of the inner top panel thereby allowing for joinder of the inner and outer top panels with fewer glue lines.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 1999
    Date of Patent: December 12, 2000
    Assignee: Somerville Packaging Systems
    Inventor: John Zimmermann
  • Patent number: 6131806
    Abstract: A dispensing structure, and a package with a dispensing structure, is provided with a valve. In one embodiment, the dispensing structure is a multi-piece fitment. The multi-piece fitment includes a base for mounting to the container and a valve carrier for mounting to the base. A flexible, self-sealing slit-type valve is mounted within the carrier. In another embodiment, a fitment is mounted in the opening of a thin-walled, flexible, collapsible container, and the flexible valve is mounted in the fitment. In yet another embodiment, a package includes a container having a corner wall defining an opening, and a fitment is sealingly mounted to the corner wall at the opening. A valve is disposed within the fitment. A removable and disposable cover extends from the container over the fitment and at least a portion of the corner wall to define a hermetically sealed volume around the fitment. The cover may be pulled away from the container to expose the fitment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 10, 2000
    Date of Patent: October 17, 2000
    Assignee: AptarGroup, Inc.
    Inventors: John M. Hess, III, Stuart R. Brown, Joel R. Robinson, Timothy R. Socier
  • Patent number: 6109517
    Abstract: The present invention refers to a constructive arrangement applied to an opening device for packages of the carton type, containing a dry product, either powdered or granulated, such as powdered soap or the like. The constructive arrangement includes a transversely semiarticulated tongue which has perforated lines. The tongue is defined by a semicircular area disposed in one of the side faces of the package and by a rectangular area disposed in the upper face thereof. An articulated rectangular flap is positioned on the portion which is disposed in the upper face and also has perforated lines. To open the package, these perforated lines are broken and the semiarticulated tongue and the rectangular flap are moved so as to be juxtaposed in the vertical position in the upper face of the package. In operation, the semiarticulated tongue is folded so that its semicircular and rectangular parts will be joined together in the vertical position.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 2, 1997
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2000
    Inventor: Persival Antonio Cabrera
  • Patent number: 6059182
    Abstract: A novel box construction is provided having a numerous sealing features therein to provide a waterproof and sift resistant container. A first sealing feature is a pouring spout of three or four plies, the first and second plies of which provide a way for opening the spout. The construction of the spout also allows improved sealing because of its snap open and close feature. A second sealing feature uses transverse scoring of numerous panels and flaps with the scoring formed at the juncture between adjacent panels and flaps during manufacture and before assembly. A third sealing feature is the application of heat activated contact glue in several different patterns, including surrounding the spout with a glue border, applying "L"-shaped glue patterns on the perimeter of one panel, adding a glue border around almost the entire perimeter of one panel, and finally, applying glue on entire bottom panels and dust flaps.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 12, 1999
    Date of Patent: May 9, 2000
    Inventor: Sam Wein
  • Patent number: 6050484
    Abstract: A package, e.g., carton or box, for a flowable product, e.g., dry cereal. The carton/box has a planar front panel, a planar rear panel, a planar top panel, a planar bottom panel, a pair of planar side panels, and a closure assembly. The upper panel merges with the front panel at a front corner and merges with the rear panel at a rear corner. The upper panel includes two sections, pivotably connected to each other, with one of the sections located contiguous with the front corner and the other contiguous with the rear corner. The upper panel also has a first, e.g., U-shaped, portion arranged to be removed, e.g., torn away, adjacent one of the side panels to form a pouring spout. The closure assembly comprises a first releasably securable connector located adjacent the front corner, and a second releasably securable connector located adjacent the rear corner. The side panels of the package include plural preformed, e.g., weakened, lines located contiguous with the top panel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 21, 1999
    Date of Patent: April 18, 2000
    Assignee: Fres-co System USA, Inc.
    Inventor: David E. Galomb
  • Patent number: 5851608
    Abstract: A paper container for a liquid including a base material including: a paper layer, a polyolefin type resin layer disposed on one side of the paper layer, for providing an outer surface, and a saturated polyester resin layer disposed on the other side of the paper layer by the medium of a polyolefin type resin layer, for providing an inner surface; the paper container being formed from the base material so that the polyolefin type resin layer for providing the outer surface provides an outer peripheral surface of the container, wherein the saturated polyester resin layer for providing the inner surface comprises an amorphous or low crystallinity saturated polyester resin having a glass transition point of not lower than 40.degree. C., and a portion of the base material to be disposed on the inner side of the paper container with respect to the paper layer has a water vapor permeability of not higher than 25 g/m.sup.2 .multidot.24 hr.multidot.1 atm.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: December 22, 1998
    Assignee: Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Kazuki Yamada, Hirotaka Tsunoda
  • Patent number: 5820017
    Abstract: A bag-in-the-box container comprises a box folded from flexible sheet material and having side walls, a bottom closure and a top closure. An integral pouring spout formation is formed between one of the side walls and the top closure. The pouring spout formation comprises a lower projecting wall which folds along a lower fold line with respect to the side wall and an upper wall arrangement including a rear portion which forms part of the top closure and a front projecting wing portion which is delineated from the rear portion by means of at least one upper fold line. The upper wall is preformed to bow upwardly above the plane of the top closure and the lower projecting wall so as to define a spout passage in conjunction with the lower projecting wall when the pouring spout formation is in the raised pouring position and to collapse towards the lower projecting wall when the pouring spout is folded downwardly into a lowered position against the side wall.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 15, 1996
    Date of Patent: October 13, 1998
    Assignee: Legend Incorporation Limited
    Inventors: Robin David Eliovson, Thomas Edward Horan, John Christopher Dower
  • Patent number: 5746370
    Abstract: A paperboard container having a reclosable shaker pour spout for dispensing granular products. The reclosable shaker pour spout is formed on a wall of the container from first and second minor flaps which are folded inwardly within the container, a first-down major flap which is folded inwardly and overlies the the first and second minor flaps, and a second-down major flap which is folded inwardly and overlies the first-down major flap. Both of the first and second minor flaps have at least one semi-aperture formed on their outer edges which are aligned with corresponding semi-apertures on the other minor flap. The semi-apertures on each of the flaps cooperate to form full apertures in response to the first and second minor flaps being folded inwardly within the container. A detachable plug formed on the first-down major flap overlies the apertures in response to the first-down major flap being folded inwardly on top of the first and second minor flaps.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 7, 1996
    Date of Patent: May 5, 1998
    Assignee: Tenneco Packaging Inc.
    Inventor: James L. Stone
  • Patent number: 5685479
    Abstract: A box-like packaging comprises at least three adjoining sidewalls which are successively connected through fold lines which form the edges of the packaging. At least one sidewall is connected through a fold line at a lower edge thereof with a bottom panel which closes the packaging at the underside. The packaging comprises a relatively large dispensing opening which can be passed from a closed position into an opening position through folding, the dispensing opening comprising a spout-shaped dispensing surface. The bottom panel and a top panel of the box are substantially flat and extend parallel to each other. The packaging comprises structure for sealing integrally connected with the packaging manufactured from one material portion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 2, 1994
    Date of Patent: November 11, 1997
    Assignee: Crystal B.V.
    Inventor: Martin Gerhard Weber-Caspers
  • Patent number: 5582344
    Abstract: A resealable fiber board container for pulverized fragrance-producing ingredients, e.g., for carpet deodorizer formulations, the interior walls of which incorporate a polyvinylidene chloride coating for limiting the escape of fragrance from the container. The coating may be readily stripped from the container after use to facilitate environmentally sound disposal.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 21, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 10, 1996
    Assignee: Church & Dwight Co., Inc.
    Inventors: Frederick W. Lawson, Grace A. Behrend, Frank E. Lindsay
  • Patent number: 5398871
    Abstract: A container for bulk material such as pet litter is defined by four walls and a bottom wall. The top of the container is provided with a carrying handle and a pour spout. During shipping and storage the pour spout is closed to prevent spillage of material from the container, but when it is desired to dispense material from the container the pour spout is unfolded to an open position. In a preferred embodiment the container is made from corrugated cardboard, and the pour spout is formed by perforated diagonal fold lines in an end flap and the adjacent side flaps. The size of the flaps and the placement of the fold lines confines the pour spout to one end of the top of the container, and the resultant pour spout has a generally triangularly shaped bottom wall and upstanding side walls, whereby accurate control can be maintained over pouring of the material from the container.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 6, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 21, 1995
    Assignee: Union Camp Corporation
    Inventor: James Vescio
  • Patent number: 5326024
    Abstract: A carton for packaging pourable material. Upper end panel sections are connected by gussets to sloped upper side panel sections, and the latter are connected by overlapping horizontal flaps. Separation of an end tear strip portion of the horizontal flaps allows an upper end panel section to be folded out to form a pouring spout configuration. The tab remaining after separation of the tear strip portion is inserted in a slit in the upper end panel section to hold the section in place after being reclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 1993
    Date of Patent: July 5, 1994
    Assignee: Riverwood International Corporation
    Inventor: James C. Fogle
  • Patent number: 5322211
    Abstract: A packaging container for dry, tricklable products, with the container being produced by folding and fixing of a flat carton member prepunched and provided with folding lines. The container includes a reclosable pouring spout at an upper end portion and is adapted to be filled from a closable bottom end thereof. The pouting spout includes a middle lid portion which, from a transverse upper edge of a short narrow side of the container, is upwardly inclined toward an opposite narrow side thereof. The lid portion, at a distance from the upper edge, has a projecting tongue forming a breakable seal adapted to be fixed to a planar top side portion of the container. A locking tongue, upon a reclosing of the pouring spout, is adapted to be inserted under a transverse free end edge portion of the top side portion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 25, 1993
    Date of Patent: June 21, 1994
    Assignee: Schouw Packing A/S
    Inventor: Steen M. Petersen
  • Patent number: 5292061
    Abstract: A box having an end face provided with a closeable opening and a closing flap which can be tucked underneath a portion of the end face to secure the contents in the box by the provision of an inclined side edge extending from one side to the opposite side of the end face.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 11, 1993
    Date of Patent: March 8, 1994
    Assignee: R C L
    Inventor: Danielle Y. Castagnoni
  • Patent number: 5246162
    Abstract: Described is a cardboard box for pourable material, in particular liquids, consisting of a folding box having a rectangular base section and made of cardboard, and an inner bag disposed therein. At its upper end, the body of the folding box is provided with a circumferential collar adapted to be folded inwards for closing the folding box, and a cover flap extending from a portion of the collar for covering the end portion of the inner bag projecting from the collar in its sealed and flattened-down condition in the adhesively secured state of the flap. The cover flap is provided with a portion formed as a tearing tab permitting the folding box to be torn open together with a section disposed therebelow of the upper end portion of the inner bag. In this manner it is possible to form a pouring spout of the type already generally known from milk packages.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 3, 1992
    Date of Patent: September 21, 1993
    Assignee: Carl Edelmann GmbH
    Inventors: Erich Heuberger, Michael Fuchs, Helmut Sieber
  • Patent number: 5234160
    Abstract: An aseptic pour spout seal for a flat top end closure having two oppositely disposed outer closure panels, and two oppositely disposed fold-in panels, one of which serves as the pour spout when opened. Each of the fold-in panels includes a substantially triangular panel portion, and a pair of fold-back panels integrally connected to and folded between the substantially triangular panel portion and the respective adjacent outer closure panels. Diagonal opening-assist score lines are formed on the outer closure panels adjacent the respective fold-back panels. An abhesive release coating is applied to the outside surfaces of the pour spout, and to the inside surfaces of either the pair of fold-back pour panels or the adjacent areas defined by the diagonal opening-assist score lines. A suitable sealant is overlain on the abhesive release coating on the pair of fold-back pour panels or the adjacent areas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 27, 1991
    Date of Patent: August 10, 1993
    Assignee: Elopak Systems A.G.
    Inventor: Robert E. Lisiecki
  • Patent number: 5193712
    Abstract: A stackable bulk-material packing or container is disclosed, which can have a simple opening for pouring out the contents. The packing uses a folding-box carton with a bag inside it. The bag has an opening for pouring out the contents. The opening has an annular shoulder and is located behind a removable section of the carton. Removal of this section produces an opening in the carton giving access to the opening in the bag. The removal section of the carton is located at one of the upper corners or one of the upper edges of the carton. Because the removable section of the carton and the opening in the bag are co-located at one of the upper corners or one of the upper edges of the carton, the contents do not exert any pressure on them, and the closure can thus be of a simple design.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 19, 1992
    Date of Patent: March 16, 1993
    Inventor: Gerd Kuppersbusch
  • Patent number: 5145111
    Abstract: A carton blank and carton wherein an outer wall includes a die cut defining a cover and an inner wall disposed parallel to the cover inside the outer wall. The inner wall includes a die cut defining a removable plug. The plug is adhered to the cover so that when the consumer grasps the cover and opens it, the plug adheres to the cover and is removed from the inner wall, thereby creating a pouring opening. The plug preferably may be re-fit snugly within the pouring aperture when the cover is closed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 29, 1989
    Date of Patent: September 8, 1992
    Assignee: Lever Brothers Company, Division of Conopco, Inc.
    Inventor: Edward J. Giblin
  • Patent number: 5086928
    Abstract: There is disclosed herein a flat top end closure for a liquid carrying container, which includes two oppositely disposed, overlapped outer closure panels, and two oppositely disposed, three-segment fold-in panels, one of which serves as the pour spout when opened. Each of the three-segment fold-in panels includes a substantially triangular panel portion defined by converging diagonal score lines extending from the upper edge of the tubular container body, and a pair of fold-back panels integrally connected to and folded between the substantially triangular panel portion and the respective adjacent outer closure panels. Diagonal opening-assist score lines are formed on the outer closure panels at a lesser angle with respect to horizontal than the angle of the respective underlying converging diagonal score lines. Alternatively, the diagonal opening-assist score lines are formed in a parallel relationship with the respective underlying converging diagonal score lines.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 7, 1990
    Date of Patent: February 11, 1992
    Assignee: Elopak Systems A.G.
    Inventor: Robert E. Lisiecki