Abstract: Modular plastic structural composites formed from a mixture of (A) high density polyolefin and one or both of: (B) a thermoplastic-coated fiber material, or (C) polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), or a combination thereof. Composites molded in the form of I-Beams and bridges constructed therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: A steel tie for incorporation in rail track has a horizontal rectangular plate for connection transversely of the rail to restrain vertical rail movement. The longer sides of the horizontal plate terminate in downwardly and outwardly inclined margin portions for capturing ballast. A web member extends vertically on the underside of the plate member and parallel to and centrally of the longer sides of the plate and serves to restrain longitudinal rail movement. Curved ballast engaging plate members are connected on the underside of the tie to provide lateral stability. The plate members are detachable and replaceable with smaller or larger members to provide a smaller or greater ballast engaging area. The lower edge of the vertical web has a thickened portion to carry stresses. Rail fastening devices consist of a pair of opposing longitudinally extending shoulders adapted to accommodate the rail flange between them.

Abstract: A sleeper for receiving and securing a pair of railway rails has openings for receiving the rails for screw-less mounting. Either one or both flanges of the rail foot is secured in the opening by cooperation with a lug of the sleeper. The lug or lugs may be bendable in order to be open for mounting and closed by bending upon mounting for securing the rail. A supporting plate may be provided on the bottom of the opening and may have a resilient layer applied thereon.