Abstract: Dosing structure (30) is provided for supplying diesel fuel to an exhaust passage (12) of a diesel system. The dosing structure includes an electrically operated dosing valve (32) constructed and arranged to receive a supply of diesel fuel and to deliver the fuel to the exhaust passage. A water jacket (34) surrounds at least a portion of the dosing valve so as to provide direct water-cooling of the dosing valve. The dosing valve is preferably an electrically controlled fuel injector.

Abstract: Dispensing devices are disclosed that include a base, a reservoir that has a volatile active, and a housing. The housing includes a horizontal component and a vertical wall extending upwardly from the horizontal component. The horizontal component and the vertical wall define an interior volume of the housing. An activator is operatively connected to the reservoir. When the activator is activated, the volatile active is released from the reservoir into the interior volume of the housing to create a first quantity of volatile active having a first emanation rate and a second quantity of volatile active having a second emanation rate.

Abstract: Various injector cooling structures and related engine systems and methods are provided. In one example, an injector cooling structure includes a cooling channel defined by a cooling jacket of a turbine. A cooling bore is provided at least partially within the cooling jacket, with the cooling bore configured to receive a pintle of an injector. The cooling channel is configured to circulate coolant for cooling the injector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new auxiliary system of cold start, preferably used in the internal combustion engines that use alcohol as fuel. The engines ‘Flex Fuel’ (alcohol/gasoline/GNV) are included in the possibility of the use of this invention. The cold starting system makes use of resistances (3) positioned in the entrance of the injectors (4); resistances (6) inside of each injector (1) or one resistance (5) for every pipe holder of nozzles (2), and the three possibilities can be used simultaneously, combined two by two or separately, depending on the necessity of warm up alcohol flow and the energy consumption. It can also make use of groups of resistances (11, 12, 13) positioned in the intake. Additionally one or two auxiliary injectors can be foreseen (supplementary) in the intake collector with the same alcohol heating system.

Abstract: A defogger system includes structure defining a window or a mirror, a heating element operatively connected to the structure to selectively apply heat to the structure, and a source of electrical energy. The defogger system also includes a switch and an electrically conductive path from the source of electrical energy to the heating element. The switch includes an active material member, and is configured such that the switch interrupts the electrically conductive path when the active material member is above a predetermined temperature. The switch is also configured such that the switch does not interrupt the electrically conductive path when the active material member is below the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A mist generating system includes an input pipeline, an iced water tank, a heat exchanger, a nebulizing pump, an output pipeline, a pressure regulating set and a pressure releasing set communicating with each other via a plurality of pipes. The iced water tank is connected between the input pipeline and the nebulizing pump. The iced water tank is connected to the heat exchanger. One end of the output pipeline is connected to the nebulizing pump. Another end of the output pipeline is connected to the pressure regulating set. The pressure regulating set is connected to the iced water tank. One end of the pressure releasing set connected between the nebulizing pump and the output pipeline. Another end of the pressure releasing set connected to the iced water tank. When the mist generating system is turned on, a volume of water is ejected toward the outside in a mist form.

Abstract: An electrostatic atomization device (A) for increasing hydrophilicity of collected matter (15) that has low hydrophilicity and is attached to a surface of a processing subject (1). The device includes an atomization electrode (6), which generates electrostatically charged atomized water droplets to increase the hydrophilicity, a water supply member (8), which supplies water to the atomization electrode (6), and a voltage application member (9), which applies voltage to the water supplied to the atomization electrode (6).

Abstract: A compression member for use in a showerhead electrode assembly of a capacitively coupled plasma chamber. The member applies a compression force to a portion of a film heater adjacent a power supply boot on an upper surface of a thermal control plate and is located between the thermal control plate and a temperature-controlled top plate. The member is composed of an electrically insulating elastomeric material which can work over a large range of compressions and temperatures.

Abstract: The invention provides a gas treatment apparatus comprising an exterior circular gas spray portion including an exterior circular gas channel, and at least two regions and a cover. Each region has an upper gas spray portion and a lower gas spray portion. The upper gas spray portion has a plurality of first gas channels and a plurality of first heat exchange fluid conduits, each the first gas channel is arranged interlaced with each the first heat exchange fluid conduit. The lower gas spray portion comprises a plurality of second gas channels and a plurality of second heat exchange fluid conduits, each the second gas channel is arranged interlaced with each the second heat exchange fluid conduit, and each the second gas channel surrounds each the first gas channel. The combinations of the first gas channels and the second gas channels in adjacent regions respectively are arranged at an angle.

Abstract: A liquid heating assembly including a heat-conductive displaceable element and a liquid heating enclosure defining a liquid heating volume including a primary liquid heating volume portion and a secondary liquid heating volume portion, separated by the heat-conductive displaceable element, the primary liquid heating volume portion including a heat exchanger for directly heating liquid in the primary liquid heating volume portion and for indirectly heating liquid in the secondary liquid heating volume portion via the heat-conductive displacement element.

Abstract: The invention provides a gas treatment apparatus comprising an exterior circular gas spray portion, an upper gas spray portion, a lower gas spray portion and a cover on the exterior circular gas spray portion and the upper gas spray portion. The upper gas spray portion has a plurality of first gas channels and a plurality of first heat exchange fluid conduits, each the first gas channel is arranged interlaced with each the first heat exchange fluid conduit. The lower gas spray portion comprises a plurality of second gas channels and a plurality of second heat exchange fluid conduits, wherein the second plenum is located under the first heat exchange fluid conduits and above the second heat exchange fluid conduits, each the second gas channel is arranged interlaced with each the second heat exchange fluid conduit, and each the second gas channel surrounds each the first gas channel.

Abstract: A windshield washer fluid heater having a housing which defines a housing chamber. A subhousing is disposed in the housing chamber. This subhousing is constructed of a thermally conductive material and divides the housing chamber into an outer housing chamber between the housing and the subhousing, and an inner housing chamber inside the subchamber. The outer housing chamber and inner housing chambers are fluidly isolated from each other. A core is disposed in the inner housing chamber thus forming an annular fluid chamber between the core and the subhousing. A washer fluid inlet on the housing is open to one end of the annular chamber while a washer fluid outlet at the other end is open to the other end of the annular chamber. An engine coolant inlet is open to the outer chamber while an engine coolant outlet is also open to the outer chamber at a position spaced from the inlet so that fluid flow into the coolant inlet flows through the outer housing chamber and to the coolant outlet.

Abstract: A fluid injector for an exhaust treatment device is disclosed. The fluid injector may have a housing at least partially forming a fluid chamber. The housing may have a central axis, and a fluid passageway configured to supply fluid to the fluid chamber. The supply of fluid may be in a tangential direction relative to the central axis.

Abstract: A pressure washer device is provided that employs an unloader bypass valve that directs a selective amount of fluid via a small diameter bypass line back to a water storage tank. The small amount of fluid allows for the pump to remain working and introduces cooler water into a bypass circuit, thereby allowing the thermal relief valve to be omitted. The diameter of the bypass line is of such a diameter to prevent siphonage of the detergent associated with the pressure washer system into the water storage tank as well.

Abstract: The present application provides an inner nozzle platform. The inner nozzle platform may include a platform cavity, an impingement plenum positioned within the platform cavity, a retention plate positioned on a first side of the impingement plenum, and a compliant seal positioned on a second side of the impingement plenum.

Abstract: The present invention is a drywall spray gun that disperses drywall material that includes a funnel-shaped hopper, a casing that houses a flip lever and a fan, a slide lock trigger and a trigger shield that protects the slide lock trigger from being struck or touched unintentionally and a rechargeable battery pack. The spray gun also includes a removable motor, a forearm rest, an adjustable nozzle and a corresponding stand with a bottom base, an upright vertical backing and a c-shaped top that secures the drywall spray gun in place while the drywall material is poured into the hopper.

Abstract: The invention relates to a delivery module for a dosage system used to introduce a reducing agent into the exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine. The delivery module has a housing, which accommodates various components, and which is produced as an injection moulded component. A heating system is integrated in the vicinity of the center of the housing. The housing has at least one chamber for receiving additional components.

Abstract: The present technology enables data communication between a kettle body and a power base of a cordless kettle. This enables a user to view kettle data and control functions or parameters such as temperature, from the power base of a cordless kettle.

Abstract: A polyurethane spraying system minimizes emissions of a polyisocyanate while spraying a mixture of a polyisocyanate and a resin composition onto a surface. The system includes a first reactant supply tank including the resin composition. The system also includes a second reactant supply tank including the polyisocyanate. The system further includes a non-gaseous pump that is coupled with the first and second reactant supply tanks, a mixing apparatus that is coupled with the first and second reactant supply tanks for mixing the resin composition and the polyisocyanate prior to spraying, and a particular spray nozzle that is coupled with the mixing apparatus. The polyurethane spraying system produces less than 50 parts of the polyisocyanate per one billion parts of air according to the NIOSH 5521 Impingement Method while spraying the mixture onto the surface.

Abstract: A ceramic nozzle hood used in a fuel injection nozzle system. The ceramic nozzle hood comprises a first member contact face on the inner surface extending essentially in a radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis and a collar. The collar comprises a second member contact face, which faces away from the injection side, and a mount contact face, which faces towards the injection side. The inner chamber of the ceramic nozzle hood comprises a blind hole section fluidly connected to a remaining section of the inner chamber along the longitudinal axis through the first member contact face and to an outside of the ceramic nozzle hood via a plurality of nozzle spray holes.

Abstract: An improved cold spray gun apparatus and system, which prevents nozzle clogging and erosion of the nozzle material. The nozzle can be configured as a non-monolithic assembly that includes a passageway for spraying powder material. The passageway can include a converging section and a diverging section. Such an arrangement is, in part, a result of a selection of specific nozzle material for the diverging section and a cooling system. The improved cold spray gun enables applying coatings at high spray parameters (e.g., pressure up to 5 MPa, temperature up to and in excess of 1000° C.), and can achieve high quality coatings, deposition efficiency, density, adhesion and cohesion, and other advantages. Additionally, the disclosed apparatus makes it possible to spray a wide range of powder materials in commercial applications without nozzle clogging or nozzle erosion during continuous operation.

Abstract: A system includes a multi-tube fuel nozzle including a fuel nozzle head that includes an outer wall surrounding a chamber. The outer wall includes a downstream wall portion configured to face a combustion region. The multi-tube fuel nozzle also includes multiple tubes extending through the chamber to the downstream wall portion. Each tube of the multiple tubes includes an upstream portion, a downstream portion, and at least one fuel inlet disposed at the upstream portion, and is configured to receive air and mix the air with fuel from the at least one fuel inlet. The multi-tube fuel nozzle includes a fuel conduit extending through the chamber crosswise to and around the multiple tubes. The fuel conduit includes multiple impingement cooling orifices. A fuel flow path extends through the fuel conduit, through the impingement cooling orifices, through the chamber, and into the at least one fuel inlet of each tube.

Abstract: Atomization apparatus is configured to produce mist by atomizing liquid after electrolysis to discharge the mist. The apparatus includes a substrate, an electrolysis device and a vibration device. The substrate includes: a liquid receiving part having a liquid storage surface; and a reservoir having a discharge surface. The electrolysis device has an anode and a cathode located at the liquid receiving part. The reservoir holds the liquid after electrolysis obtained from one of the anode and the cathode. The discharge surface is located at the side of the one of the anode and the cathode. The vibration device is configured to vibrate and atomize the liquid after electrolysis held at the reservoir.

Abstract: A regenerative heat exchanger is disclosed and described for gas streams that perform heat exchange between one another using a buffer that is continuously immersed in the gas streams. The buffer is cleanable by a pivotable blowing arm that uses spray nozzles to clean the buffer. The blowing arm has an axis that is positioned parallel to the flow direction of the gas streams across the buffer and allows for the use of two blowing arms which extend in a mirror image opposite to one another. The spray nozzles each distribute compressed air and/or pressurized water.

Abstract: A mobile outdoor mister includes a chassis with at least one axle and wheels operably connected thereto at least one water tank operably disposed on said chassis containing water, a water chiller operably connected to said tank in a manner to chill the water, a spray conduit having spraying end of rigid conduit configured with plurality of spray nozzles spaced therealong and having a cross bar connected to an elongated flexible conduit end, a pump having a pump inlet and a pump outlet causing forced water flow from the tank through, and a power generator operably connected to the pump and the water chiller such that the water flows through the chiller and through and out the spray conduit as a mist.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for preventing and removing fog at an airport runway. The apparatus includes: a water tank 10 buried in a ground around a runway; a water tank temperature sensor 20 for sensing a water temperature in the water tank; a heater 30 provided inside the water tank, for heating water contained in the water tank; a cooling device 40 provided inside the water tank, for cooling water contained in the water tank; the sprinklers 50 installed at opposite sides along the runway and over the ground around the runway, and supplied with the water from the water tank to spray water towards the atmosphere over and around the runway; and a controller 60 controlling, on the basis of the water temperature of the water tank measured using the temperature sensor, operation of the sprinklers, the heater, and the cooling device, according to an externally inputted operational signal.

Abstract: A system includes a gasifier and a gasification fuel injector. The gasification fuel injector may include a tip portion, a coolant chamber disposed in the tip portion, and a number of internal structures disposed on an internal surface of the coolant chamber. The coolant chamber may be configured to flow a coolant through the tip portion of the gasification fuel injector.

Abstract: A method and system for the spray application of epoxy materials is provided. The system includes a dual walled tank structure as a reservoir for containing and preheating the epoxy materials in preparation for mixing and spray application. Each component of the epoxy material is preheated before the components are mixed. After preheating, the components are then mixed together and spray applied. The method and system of the present invention provides a high quality spray applied epoxy coating while reducing equipment down time and cleaning.

Abstract: A fragrance emitting apparatus for connection to a USB port. The fragrance emitting apparatus has a casing having an interior and a fragrance bottle removably disposed within the interior of the casing. The fragrance bottle contains a liquid that provides a desired fragrance. The fragrance bottle has a fragrance member that has a first portion within the fragrance bottle, a second portion extending from the fragrance bottle and is configured to absorb liquid in the fragrance bottle. A micro-pump device is positioned within the interior of the casing and has an oscillating member that contacts the second portion of the fragrance member. A control circuit controls generates an electrical wave signal to cause the oscillating member to vibrate so as to diffuse fragrance liquid that contacts the oscillating member so as to produce a fragrance. The fragrance exits a vent in the casing.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette comprises nicotine without harmful tar. The cigarette includes a shell, a cell, nicotine solution, control circuit, and an electro-thermal vaporization nozzle installed in the air suction end of the shell. The advantages are smoking without tar, reducing the risk of cancer, the user still gets a smoking experience, the cigarette is not lit, and there is no fire danger.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, internal to an injector for a variable spray fuel injection system, uses nucleate boiling to maximize the heat flux from the heated metal to the fuel, wherein the nucleate boiling occurs along a control surface characterized by features conducive to generating detaching bubbles to transfer heat energy in a vapor flux. The source of heat flux may be an induction heater coil magnetically coupled to an appropriate loss component so that fuel inside a fuel component is heated to a desired temperature.

Abstract: A nozzle for producing a single-file stream of droplets of a fluid, methods using the nozzle, and an injector, comprising the nozzle of the invention, for providing the single-file stream of droplets of a fluid to a high-vacuum system are described. The nozzle comprises two concentric tubes wherein the outer tube comprises a smoothly converging-diverging exit channel and the outlet end of the first tube is positioned within the converging section of the exit channel.

Abstract: A foam spraying rig having an engine, a compressor and a hydraulic system positioned within a compartment. The foam spraying rig has a heat exchanger positioned within the compartment, and a fluid line connected to the engine, compressor and hydraulic system passes through the heat exchanger. A first storage tank containing a first material and a second storage tank containing a second material is positioned within the compartment. The first and second materials are conveyed through the heat exchanger through fluid lines which connect to a proportioner which meters the first and second material at specified proportions. The proportioner is fluidly connected to a dispenser which mixes the first and second material before it is dispensed. This arrangement of components within the compartment and the use of the heat exchanger warms the first and second materials to an operative temperature in a quick, inexpensive, low maintenance and durable manner.

Abstract: A bladeless fan assembly for creating an air current includes a nozzle mounted on a base housing a device for creating an air flow. The nozzle includes an interior passage for receiving the air flow and a mouth for emitting the air flow. The nozzle defines, and extends about, an opening through which air from outside the fan assembly is drawn by the air flow emitted from the mouth. The nozzle also includes a heater for heating the air flow upstream of the mouth.

Abstract: A reboiling jet apparatus comprises at least two nozzles in series, configured to cause boiling of a hot liquid in the first nozzle, deceleration and reduction of the gas phase in the second nozzle, followed by acceleration and reboiling in the second nozzle. A second deceleration and reduction of the gas phase occurs at the outlet of the second nozzle. Each deceleration causes heating of the liquid by reduction of the gas phase; thus, energy of a pressurized input fluid is efficiently converted into heat by action of the nozzles. A convergent-divergent nozzle for steam injection with a mixing chamber may be used instead of the first nozzle to cause the first boiling. Another nozzle may be used to introduce a cold fluid at the outlet of the second nozzle for mixing with the hot flow prior to completion of the second deceleration.

Abstract: A synthetic jet ejector (201) is provided which includes a housing (205) having an orifice (207) defined in a wall thereof from which a synthetic jet (209) is emitted, and a barrier (211) disposed about the orifice. The barrier has a first end which is disposed proximal to the orifice and which has a first perimeter. The barrier also has a second end which is disposed distal to the orifice and which has a second perimeter. The second parameter has a larger area than the first perimeter.

Abstract: An injection device transfers calcium carbonate particles for regeneration into calcium oxide. The device includes an injector body having an inlet end which receives a heated air volume, and a discharge end. At least one transfer tube disposed through a portion of the injector body discharges the calcium carbonate particles at the discharge end. At least one flow nozzle receives the heated air volume and discharges the heated air volume at the discharge end. Each flow nozzle is angularly oriented to directly impinge the plurality of calcium carbonate particles discharged from the transfer tube with the heated air volume. A flow splitter can also be connected to the device to split the calcium carbonate particles into multiple flow streams.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus is described and which includes a housing which is moveable across a supporting surface; a first electrically actuated fluid pump which is mounted in the housing, and which is operable to deliver a first stream of fluid at a pressure of at least about 150 PSI to less than about 1200 PSI; a second electrically actuated fluid pump which is mounted in the housing, and which is operable to deliver a second stream of fluid, at a pressure, of less than about 600 PSI; and an electrically actuated heater which is mounted in the housing, and which is operable to impart heat energy to the second fluid stream.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for dispensing fluid to large numbers of people are disclosed. One embodiment of a portable apparatus for treating and dispensing fluid includes a housing that is fluidly attached to a fluid source. Several fluid delivery components are disposed within the housing to dispense fluid to a user. The fluid delivery components may include a pressure regulator, a backflow preventer, filters, cooling misters and dispensing valves such that the such that the fluid source integrity is protected, the fluid purity is improved, and the air within the housing is cooled which in turn provides cooling to the fluid delivery components and the fluid itself. This embodiment also includes a mechanism for providing ballast in the lower portion of the housing in order to stabilize the device and keep it from moving when bumped into by people (accidentally or intentionally) or in windy conditions, and a mechanism to empty the ballast for removal of the system.

Abstract: A system for injecting from an injector into a duct of an engine system is provided. The system may include a first flange on a duct connection side, a second flange on an injector connection side, a stand-off separating the first flange from the second flange to form an air gap therebetween, and a seal offset from at least one of the first and the second flanges and located within the airgap and between the first flange and the second flange.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrostatic atomizer, which comprises a cooler adapted to cool an atomizing electrode so as to allow moisture in air to be frozen onto the atomizing electrode, a melter adapted to melt ice frozen on the atomizing electrode so as to supply water onto the atomizing electrode, a high-voltage applying section adapted to apply a high voltage to the atomizing electrode, and a control section adapted to activate the high-voltage applying section in a state after supplying water onto the atomizing electrode by melting the ice frozen thereon, so as to apply a high voltage to the atomizing electrode to electrostatically atomize the water supplied on the atomizing electrode.

Abstract: An outdoor shower device, comprising a water storage module, a power supply module, a heating module, a control module, a water supply module and an alarm module, wherein the water storage module is employed for water source storage, the control module controls the heating module to heat the water based on the water temperature, and then the water supply module provides the heated water for use. Furthermore, the power supply module provides electric power required for integral operations and enables the alarm module to determine the water level; in case the water level is exceedingly low, it is possible to present blinking display signal and audio alarm sound to inform the user of such a low water level thereby allowing the user to more effectively apply the outdoor shower device of the present invention.

Abstract: A nozzle includes a center body and a shroud circumferentially surrounding at least a portion of the center body to define an annular passage between the center body and the shroud. A plurality of apertures pass through the center body to the annular passage, and a plenum extends inside the center body and is in fluid communication with the plurality of apertures. A cooling medium is in fluid communication with the plenum. A method for cooling a nozzle includes flowing a cooling medium through a plenum across a surface of the nozzle.

Abstract: A nozzle includes a center body and a shroud circumferentially surrounding at least a portion of the center body to define an annular passage between the center body and the shroud. The nozzle further includes apertures through at least one of the center body or shroud, a plenum in fluid communication with the apertures, and a louvers proximate to the apertures and connected to at least one of the center body or shroud. A method for cooling a nozzle includes flowing a cooling medium through a plenum inside a center body of the nozzle and flowing the cooling medium through apertures in the center body. The method further includes redirecting the cooling medium with louvers to flow the cooling medium across a surface of the center body.

Abstract: Provided is a vaporizer that can efficiently cool a carrier gas, improve the effect of preventing a material from being clogged near the outlet port of a gas passage, contribute to prolonging the timing of maintenance and improving operating efficiency, and exert more uniform dispersing effect. A vaporizer includes: a center rod inserted into a carrier gas introduction hole formed in a disperser to form the gas passage in cooperation with the inner wall of the carrier gas introduction hole; a cooling part disposed on the outer circumferential side of the carrier gas introduction hole in the disperser to cool the inside of the gas passage; a cooling member insertion hole formed across almost the entire length of the center rod along the axial direction of the center rod; and a cooling member disposed in the inside of the cooling member insertion hole to cool the center rod.

Abstract: A reductant delivery unit (16) is provided unit for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) after-treatment for vehicles. The unit includes a solenoid fluid injector (18) associated with an exhaust gas flow path (13). The injector has a fluid inlet (28) and a fluid outlet (30) with the fluid inlet receiving a source of urea solution and the fluid outlet communicating directly with the exhaust flow path so as to control injection of urea solution into the exhaust gas flow path. Supply structure (32) defines the fluid inlet and includes a cup (37) coupled to a body (18) of the injector and a supply tube (29) integral with the cup to define a single member. The supply tube is coupled with the source (27) of urea solution to deliver urea solution to the fluid inlet. The supply tube is heated by a heat source (33) so that an entire volume of the urea solution delivered to the fluid inlet is heated.

Abstract: A regeneration device for use in an exhaust treatment system is disclosed. The regeneration device has a first housing with a plurality of passages configured to receive coolant and injection fluid. A second housing is secured to the first housing and configured to receive coolant and injection fluid. The second housing has at least one cooling recess annularly disposed within the second housing to receive and circulate coolant in proximity to a tip end of the second housing.

Abstract: A washer fluid heater apparatus in embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features: (a) a heat exchanger having a washer fluid inlet to allow washer fluid to enter the heat exchanger and a washer fluid outlet to allow the washer fluid to exit the heat exchanger; and (b) a coolant passage traversing through the heat exchanger having a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, the coolant inlet and coolant outlet operably coupled to an engine's coolant system to allow passage of engine coolant through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A mobile power washer includes a heater module that is displaceable from an operative position, beneath a vented panel, to an access position enabling easy servicing or replacement of the module. The module includes a heater and a heat exchanger for heating water drawn from tanks for delivery at high pressure through a spray gun attached to a hose. A buffer tank is provided for retaining water heated by the heater for mixing with cold water from the tanks prior to further heating in the heat exchanger and delivery from the spray gun.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for providing a fluid stream into an environment for cooling purposes are disclosed. Such an apparatus includes a body portion and a nozzle, the nozzle being adapted to direct water into the environment. Such an apparatus may include a body portion having a flow channel defined therein for gas flow therethrough; and, a nozzle operatively disposed within the flow channel; said nozzle adapted to direct a liquid therefrom; wherein the channel and the nozzle are operatively disposed relative to each other so that a gas flowing through the channel and the liquid are combined into a fluid stream directed from the apparatus into the surrounding environment.