Abstract: A shower system comprising an elongated tubular conduit having several windings arranged in helix formation with a central helix axis disposed vertically is used by persons to shower. Perforations having an outlet size of about 0.8 mm.sup.2 are located in the inner sidewalls of the windings which sides face toward the central helix axis. A length of the spraying extends over a length of about 10 to 20 meters so that the internal helix space houses a person standing or sitting therein. The temperature of the water ejected from the perforations can be raised so high and can be sustained for so long that the person taking such a shower undergoes a sauna effect. This sauna effect is provided by a distance between adjacent perforations, in the spraying zone, of about 2.5 to 10 centimeters (or 200 to 400 over the entire spraying zone).

Abstract: A burner construction and method of making the same are provided, the burner construction comprising a cup-shaped housing member provided with a closed end and an open end interconnected together by a side wall that has burner ports therethrough for issuing fuel from the interior of the housing member, and an adapter member secured to the housing member to close the open end thereof and having an inlet for directing fuel from a source thereof into the interior of the housing member, the adapter member having a section that is press-fittingly disposed within the open end of the housing member and having an annular groove adjacent the side wall thereof and the housing member having an annular portion of the side wall deformed into the annular groove to secure the housing member to the adapter member.

Abstract: A fire extinguisher has an elongated manifold for discharging water on a chimney fire and is protectively secured within an opened face cage. The top has a threaded opening for a connection to a water hose and pointed bottom end for a ram head. An elongated bore extending from the hose connection feeds water to a plurality of lateral channels with openings on the outside of the manifold. A plurality of spray nozzles mounted in the openings are arranged to discharge a spray mist from the nozzles peripherally about the chimney wall. When lowered or dropped within a chimney the manifold pointed end penetrates the ignited mass of creosote while spraying a water mist to quench the fire.

Abstract: A method for the filling of a container with a potable liquid, such as fruit juice, and a filler nozzle for practicing the method. Prior methods for filling containers with potable liquids have often employed a series of nozzles, each discharging a single stream of liquid, falling under the action of gravity, vertically downward through an opening in a nozzle, each nozzle acting in cooperation and being attached to its valve. As the container is filled, both splashing and foaming of the liquid in the container, has often caused problems. According to the method and apparatus of this invention, the potable liquid to be dispensed into a container is directed to the interior surface of the container at a point above its intended fill level. By virtue of this method, foaming and splashing are minimized at each filler nozzle station.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a cleaning apparatus for cleaning a paint roller and the like. The cleaning apparatus comprises a handle having an axial passage therethrough and a curved cleaning head, adjacent one end of the handle, having an annular passage in fluid communication with the axial passage of the handle. A plurality of spaced, radially inwardly extending nipples are positioned circumferentially along the inner surface of the curved cleaning head. Each of the nipples has an end face provided with a fluid outlet and a fluid passage extending from the fluid outlet to the annular passage of the curved cleaning head. Means for attaching the cleaning apparatus to a cleaning fluid supply are provided at the other end of the handle.

Abstract: A spray-shower pipe is equipped with flat fan nozzles having a dome-shaped indentation directed to the pipe inside and located inside a nozzle base formed with a recess that conforms with and engages the outer surface of the pipe wall and an annular extension of length corresponding to the pipe wall thickness at the circumference of the opening in which the extension is snugly seated. The front surface of the extension facing the inside of the pipe has a curvature which corresponds to the curvature of the pipe wall inside surface. The dome-shaped indentation is formed with an aperture that forms an angle with the longitudinal axis of the pipe that is slightly less than 90.degree., typically 83.degree..

Abstract: A combination lift and thrust device for increasing the performance of an aircraft by simultaneously reducing drag and augmenting the thrust of a turbojet engine carried within the device. The device comprises a wing of generally airfoil shape having numerous geometrically spaced apertures penetrating its surface, a turbojet engine carried within the wing, an elongated exhaust plenum attached to the turbojet having a number of strategically positioned exhaust nozzles, and a mixing chamber having a forward opening and a rear nozzle also carried within the wing. The mixing chamber forward opening is cooperatively associated with the exhaust nozzles to form an ejector drawing air through the apertures in the wing into the forward opening, mixing the air with the exhaust gases from the turbojet to provide thrust augmentation, and exhausting the air and gas mixture from the rear nozzle of the mixing chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for forming cracked ice by producing a layer of ice on the inner wall of a cylindrical chamber, heating the chamber to loosen the ice, forcing the ice cylinder upwardly past a breaker which is stationary and allowing the ice to accummulate in a hopper. A ring-shaped conveyor provided with circumferentially-spaced paddles is driven by means of a motor mounted on one side of the hopper to carry pieces of cracked ice toward an outlet in the hopper.

Abstract: An improved air distribution apparatus for a regenerator in a fluid catalytic cracking process has been invented. The improvement is in the nozzles which eject air from an air ring to a bed of coke deactivated catalyst. The nozzles are positioned to take air from the centerline of the air ring and are of length 4 to 8 diameters. The nozzles are noted for reduced aspirated catalyst erosion.

Abstract: A method of forming a spray nozzle along a fluid conduit includes forming a hole into a length of tubing and then providing a countersink for the hole. A portion of the tubing is then depressed inwardly along an imaginary line along the tubing outer surface that is parallel to the central tube axis and that passes over the hole. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection probe, particularly for the sulfur trioxide conditioning of flue gasses, comprising a tubular, closed-end outer casing, a manifold connected to a feed conduit and provided with radially projecting injector tubes, the ends of which project through openings in the outer casing, being disposed within the casing and at least partially surrounded by an insulating material, and a mounting flange connected to the outer casing for attachment of the injection probe. In a known injection probe of this type, employed for injecting sulfur trioxide at a high temperature into a flue gas stream having a lower temperature, there occur considerable heat losses between the supply inlet end of the injection probe and the ends of the injector tubes, resulting in damage to the injection probe, undesirable sedimentation and unsatisfactory operation.

Abstract: A spray hoop has a hollow base capable of holding enough water to stabilize the spray hoop as water flows therethrough along a generally circular path which includes the base and a hoop-shaped hose connected to the base in a generally vertical position so that individuals, such as children, may run therethrough. The hose includes a plurality of orifices spaced at intervals along an inner circumferential surface of the hose. Each of the orifices directs water radially inward relative to the hoop-shaped hose to spray individuals running through the spray hoop.

Abstract: An atomizer and method of atomization featuring prevention of spray collapse by use of critical spacing of atomizer features is disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid distribution device having preferred utility as a lawn sprinkler head consists of a hollow chamber having continuously curved interior walls and having a series of exit ports disposed therein. The interior chamber walls are structured to create a rapidly rotating turbulent mass of fluid in the chamber, producing a rapidly directionally unstable flow of discrete drops from each exit port. The chamber is preferably ellipsoidal in shape, and has a total exit-port cross-sectional area greater than that of the fluid inlet to the chamber.

Abstract: A spray shower (10) is equipped with flat fan nozzles (17), having a dome shaped indentation (21) directed to the pipe inside, and located inside a nozzle base (12), attached to the outer surface of the pipe wall, at which the adjustment at the nozzle discharge orifice (22) in relation to the longitudinal axis (24) of the spray-shower (10) results from a corresponding fixation of the nozzles (17) inside the nozzle base (12). The flat fan nozzle has at the outer circumference several sides (20) and on the inner circumference of the nozzle base (12) are tip stretched corresponding sides (19) used as stops for the sides (20) of the flat fan nozzles (17). An arrangement of the spray-shower in such a manner obtains the advantage of a quick and problemless assembly of the flat fan nozzles in the required exact position, without the need for special skills of the assembler. Time consuming controls of the exact position of the nozzle discharge orifice after assembly and eventual correction is no longer necessary.

Abstract: A fluid layering device for use with a syringe to facilitate layering a liquid from the syringe onto a denser liquid contained in an open-top centrifuge tube. A fitting in the device is releasably attachable to the syringe for receiving liquid therefrom. An elongate nozzle carried on the fitting has a pair of opposed end faces, and a pair of flow-constricting bores communicating associated nozzle end faces with liquid received in the fitting. An annular step formed on the fitting is engageable by friction fit with the tube's upper open end to hold the nozzle at an axially aligned position within the tube. At this position, each of the nozzle end faces confronts, and is spaced from, an inner wall portion in the tube by a clearance which is adapted to produce, with liquid being forced from the syringe through the associated bore in the nozzle, a controlled-flow ribbon of liquid down the wall of the tube onto the upper surface of the denser liquid in the tube.

Abstract: A closed bottom heat exchange tank is provided for containing CO.sub.2 snow and the tank includes upstanding and interconnected side wall portions and a top wall extending between and interconnecting the upper marginal edges of the side wall portions. A CO.sub.2 snow forming header pipe generally parallels and closely overlies the top wall and is removably anchored thereto by inverted U-shaped clamps secured to the top wall through the utilization of threaded fasteners. One end of the header pipe is open for sealed communication with a liquid CO.sub.2 supply line and the other end of the header pipe is closed. A plurality of depending tubular nipples including upper ends shaped to conform to the underside of the header pipe have the upper ends thereof secured to the header pipe at points spaced longitudinally therealong and the lower end portions of the nipples are loosely received downwardly through openings formed in the top wall of the heat exchange tank.

Abstract: Carbon black is produced in a flow reaction by spraying a hydrocarbon containing liquid feedstock with the aid of a propellant gas into a stream of hot reaction gases produced by burning a fuel, the feedstock-propellant gas-jet enters the reaction zone with a spraying angle that is greater than the spreading angle of a free jet. There is also described an apparatus for carrying out the process which comprises a binary injector supporting an atomizing nozzle whose head has several channels which are adjusted from zero degrees to different angles to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to an oxy-hydrogen torch (10) comprised of a nozzle plate (16) captured between first and second outer members (12 and 14). Each outer member has a plenum (18) which open towards, and is separated by, the plate (16). The nozzle plate (16) has a plurality of spaced grooves (32--32) in one major surface (34) which are arranged in an interleaved relationship with the spaced grooves (36--36) on the opposite surface (38). The grooves (32 and 36) extend from an edge of the plate (16) to the respective plenums (18--18) in the outer members (12 and 14). Oxygen is directed into one plenum (18) and hydrogen urged into the other plenum. The gases pass through the respective grooves (32 and 36) to the surface (46) of the torch (10) for surface mixing and ignition.

Abstract: A gas black burner is described which is used normally in connection with a rotating cooling roller as a deposition surface, so that its discharge openings for the operating gas containing the raw material for the carbon black are directed against the cooled deposition surface. The burner is characterized by the fact that it is formed as a pipe shaped chamber provided with at least one supply line and disposed in parallel relationship to the deposition surface, which chamber has slit shaped discharge openings in its jacket.The invention relates to a gas black burner with openings to be directed against a cooled deposition surface.

Abstract: A forced-draft gaseous pre-mix power gas burner having a shaped and perforated burner plate wherein the hole sizes are related to the plate thickness and the holes are formed in a unique pattern, all of which prevent flashback and noise or screech while at the same time flame stability is greatly improved. The burner plate is easily installed and removed, is essentially free from stresses which would distort it, and readily fits positively and accurately within the burner assembly without resorting to welding or other special fasteners. A novel ignition-improving device for effecting a stagnant flow at the ignition arc location provides for quick and reliable ignition of the gas at all times.

Abstract: Extrusion apparatus and method for making a cellular resin product are characterized by a conduit that extends into the extruder whereby a blowing agent is injected therethrough into the resin through a plurality of ports provided in the conduit in order to disperse the blowing agent more uniformly through the resin before it is extruded through a die into a zone of lower pressure whereupon the blowing agent expands to form numerous cells within the resin structure.

Abstract: An improved fuel oil atomizer which comprises a burner tube through which fuel oil is supplied under selected pressure, and a coaxial surrounding steam tube providing an annular space therebetween, the flow of steam being under greater pressure than the oil pressure. A burner head is joined to the burner oil tube through an orifice of selected diameter. The burner head has a long axial bore of constant selected diameter, which leads to the burner tip, which has a plurality of tip ports. There are a number of transverse ports between the annular steam path and the central bore, so that the steam can flow under pressure into the central bore of the burner head to mix thoroughly with the pressurized oil flowing from the orifice. Two factors are important in the construction of the burner head, namely that the central bore must be of constant diameter from the point where the steam and oil mix, outwardly toward the burner tip ports.

Abstract: An inlet grating (11) is constituted by a thin corrugated sheet having rounded corrugation tops (15) facing incident gas flow (25) arriving at an oblique angle. The corrugations are parallel and regularly spaced with perforations at the bottoms thereof (23). Suitable choice of dimensions, together with optional auxiliary openings (24), can ensure a uniform flow perpendicular to the plane of the trough bottoms at a suitable distance therefrom. This is of particular application to drying apparatus.

Abstract: A carburetor has a main body provided with a float bowl for holding a volatile liquid fuel, at least one barrel through which combustion air flows, and a fuel supply passage leading from the float bowl to the region of the barrel, all of which is generally conventional. In addition, the carburetor is provided at the entrance to the barrel with a circular discharge nozzle for introducing the fuel into the combustion air. To this end, the nozzle is in communication with the fuel supply passage and is configured to hold a pool of the volatile liquid fuel which flows from the float bowl through the passage and into the nozzle. The nozzle contains apertures which open toward the airstream so that the pressure within the nozzle generally equalizes with that of the airstream. As a consequence, the fuel evaporates quite readily from the pool, and the vaporized fuel escapes into the airstream in sufficient quantity to produce a combustible mixture.

Abstract: Spray nozzle permitting the spraying of liquid, having a body provided with a cylindrical chamber of given diameter for the passage of a liquid into a nozzle in which the nozzle liquid outlet has a plurality of equidistantly spaced, identical holes, whose axes are inclined relative to the nozzle axis. A member positioned at the intake of the liquid into the nozzle defines a passage for the liquid outflow, and has a diameter less than the diameter of the chamber. The member has a concave face at the inlet and a constriction of the passage limits the liquid flow entering the nozzle. Fixing means permit the member to be fixed to the nozzle body.

Abstract: A distributor for supply of fluid to be vaporized, for example water, to a steam generator is formed by means of plates shaped and assembled by boiler-work operations. The bottom is constituted by a metal sheet bent into a U-shape to which are welded a plate pierced with orifices and a V-shaped plate of which an arm is prolonged by a gutter extending beyond the orifices and serving to guide the flow of water. This type of distributor is particularly useful in steam generators of nuclear power plants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water feeding head suitable for the water supply f row crops, first of all vineyards and orchards. Its use enables the drop feed type irrigation of loose soils so far unsolved.The water feeding head is assembled from two parts, i.e. from the body releasably connected e.g. with thread to the pipeline and from the replaceable nozzle fitted to the body. The nozzle is provided with one or several orifices discharging the water by drop feed method, and the heads are arranged along the pipeline at a distance from each other in accordance with the transmissivity of the soil.

Abstract: A plurality of arcuate, secondary (fuel) nozzle members are juxtaposed, so that respective two of them define between them a curved, primary slit nozzle, producing a primary (oxidizer) expansion flow while the two flows mix downstream, predominantly transversely to the expansion. The nozzle members are mounted in the aperture of a plate; large-scale assemblies are described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for applying a light coating of fluid to the outer surface of a circumferential strip of one end of a cylindrically shaped article. The article is stabilized against angular axial movement while being advanced and rotated, in a planar path, through a treating zone. An airborne mist containing fine particles of the fluid is produced. This mist is transported to the treating zone and directed to impinge upon said circumferential strip. The impinged fluid mist is then leveled to achieve a uniform coating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a burner for combustion apparatus employing a so-called multistage atomization system in which a tip of a nozzle is blocked, an outer peripheral surface has an inclined portion formed therein, fuel is forced in a string-like pattern through a multiplicity of outflow passageways formed on the inclined portion while at the same time the flow of air is substantially brought to intersect thereto at right angles for atomized disintegration and the fuel flowing along the inclined portion is formed into substances in the form of film and subject to filmed disintegration at the top of a frustoconical portion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a binary fluid burner device with burner units combined which functions as if it were a single large-capacity burner, in which small-capacity burner units are combined and mounted on a single burner head to form an integral burner device, and the flames from the burner units are integrated.

Abstract: A removable and self sealing spray manifold that has an unobstructed cylindrical interior extending throughout its entire length. Novel self sealing and manifold supporting means is provided at each end of the manifold. The rear end supporting means for the manifold connects the manifold to a hot water inlet pipe and includes means for correctly positioning the spray nozzles for directing the hot water against the ware in the racks. The means for supporting the front manifold end includes a self-sealing cap that can be removably connected to the manifold without the need of using any tools.

Abstract: A thin wall irrigation emitter tube is constructed of a generally flat configuration having a plurality of holes in a crease extending along the top of the tubing for distribution from the tubing in vertical spray or streams. The method of forming the tubing includes the forming of a rib or crease along the upper surface in which holes are formed by means of laser or the like so that smearing of the melted tube material during subsequent flattening of the tubing and thereby closing or partially closing of the holes is prevented.

Abstract: There is disclosed a spray head extension for a pressurized container comprising a rigid elongated member having a fluid passageway along the length thereof extending from one end to a location adjacent the other end thereof, the elongated member having at least one opening connected between the fluid passageway adjacent the other end and the exterior surface of the elongated member, the one end having a receptacle therein connected to the fluid passageway and adapted and constructed to receive and engage the valve stem of a pressurized container and to direct the pressurized contents of the container into the fluid conduit and out of the at least one passageway when the valve stem is displaced to open the valve, the elongated member displacing the valve stem by pressing the one end of the elongated member against the interior wall of a space into which the elongated member is inserted, allowing the pressurized contents of the container to flow through the rigid elongated member and out of the at least one pa

Abstract: A fluid flow manifold to deliver pressurized fluid to a series of outlets from a common supply duct has a block body and fluid outlets disposed in linear array along one side of the block. Valves are spread over an opposing side of the body block and connected to the fluid outlet by outlet ducts extending transversely through the block. A supply duct extends longitudinally through the block and delivers fluid to the valves via transfer ducts. The valves are spread in cylindrical array about an axis extending along the linear array of outlets and the outlet ducts converge radially to converge into a linear array defining the fluid outlets such that lengths of all outlet ducts between the valves and the fluid outlets are equal.

Abstract: An air distribution apparatus for delivering an oxygen-carrying gas such as air to a zone of spent catalyst in a regenerator for the purpose of combusting air with the spent catalyst in order to rejuvenate the catalyst. A header support assembly is adapted for mounting in a regenerator which receives the spent catalyst. A hollow header ring is mounted onto the header support assembly and includes a plurality of openings each having a nozzle mounted therein. Air is supplied to the header support assembly and thus to the hollow header ring at a pressure sufficiently high to effect a maximum desired pressure differential between header pressure and pressure in the zone of spent catalyst to cause maximum uniform air distribution. The nozzles mounted in the openings in the header ring decrease air velocity between nozzle inlet and nozzle outlet in order to provide for maximum uniform air distribution without destruction of the catalyst.

Abstract: A liquid weed killer dispenser is disclosed. The dispenser is adapted to be mounted on and disposed about a pole such as a telephone or telegraph pole. The dispenser includes a box-like holder for water and a weed killer which is dispersible in the water. The holder has a recessed top which defines a rain water receiving perforated tray through which the rain water can flow into the holder. The top is readily removable from the holder. Weed killer containers, such as bags, are disposed in the holder. The containers are connected to the top so as to be removable with it from the holder and readily replaceable. The dispenser also includes a liquid distributor which includes a pair of tubes.

Abstract: The liquid sprayer pipe made of a flexible material has liquid spraying slits inclined in an acute angle with respect to a wall of the liquid sprayer pipe. The slits are opened with vibrations by the pressure of a liquid which passes through the liquid sprayer pipe, whereby the liquid is sprayed in a wide range and in a long distance along the liquid sprayer pipe. In the case of a cylindrical pipe, the liquid spraying slits are formed along a tangent of an inner surface of the pipe.

Abstract: To facilitate soldering pipe or tubing couplings in close quarters, as where a pipe rises close to a building wall, a hook-like flame tip is utilized having multiple spaced radial flame apertures on the interior side of its arcuate body portion to direct flame jets onto the rear side of the pipe coupling around one-half of its circumference. The distal end of the tubular flame tip is capped and its opposite end is adapted for connection to the torch in a conventional manner.

Abstract: An industrial sulfur trioxide (SO.sub.3) gas injection probe and method of manufacture, and more particularly an SO.sub.3 gas injection probe for injecting SO.sub.3 into a gaseous stream having improved structural and insulating characteristics and a simplified method of manufacture.

Abstract: A fitting coupled to a water source, comprising an orifice, means for regulating the quantity of water passing through said orifice, an abutment for water passing through said orifice, and laterally displaced water outlet means.

Abstract: Gas burners, of the type employing atmospheric injection of combustion air and having a throat defining an inlet or mixing area and a plurality of burner ports defining an outlet area, particularly gas inspirators of the type having a plurality of peripheral orifices, so as to introduce pressurized gas into contact with atmospheric are. The inspirator is characterized both by the economic method of its construction, as well as its capability of adjustment to inspirate different types of fuels. In one embodiment, the inspirator conduit is axially adjustable with respect to the burner mixing throat, so as to regulate the injection of gas and mixing of gas with air prior to combustion. The inspirator in its multi-fuel mode has a plurality of series of axially spaced orifices, additional series being opened upon axial extension of the inspirator into the mixing throat.

Abstract: A snow-making nozzle assembly which is very effective in producing uniform, small, highly atomized droplets of liquid that freeze to form snow is disclosed. The nozzle assembly in accordance with the present invention is comprised generally of opposed pairs of water outlets spaced at the periphery of a generally fan-shaped convergent-divergent compressed air nozzle. The water streams emitted from the water outputs impinge on each other and atomize substantially without contacting the walls of the nozzle. These liquid particles are entrained in the compressed air stream for further atomization and for distribution into the ambient air. The use of the nozzle in accordance with the present invention results in greatly improved snow-making capabilities when compared with prior art devices.

Abstract: A nozzle body is formed with a fuel discharge chamber. A discharge valve opens into the chamber at one end and discharge orifices open from the chamber at the other end at various angles. The axial distances between the orifices and the valve are selected in accordance with the angles in such a manner that the fuel flow paths from the valves to the respective orifices have the same curvature and equal amounts of fuel are discharged through the orifices.

Abstract: An aboveground sprinkling device for a spinkling system for lawns and gardens. The device has a sprinkler head at the center of its upper surface and has four sockets spaced at ninety-degree intervals around its side edge, all leading in to a central chamber immediately below the sprinkler head. An integral holding spike extends down from the bottom of the sprinkler head, preferably at the center, for holding the sprinkling device in a selected location. The spike is shaped to resist rotation. A set of plugs is provided to close the sockets that are not to be used. A hose or hoses can be secured to any one of the sockets or to several of them or to all of them to incorporate the device in a continuous sprinkler system employing a plurality of these sprinkling devices. The sockets not connected to hoses are plugged.

Abstract: Fine liquid particles having about the same size are provided by an atomizer tip which includes a wall member having a plurality of generally triangular conduits passing through it. Forcing liquid through the conduits under pressure causes the liquid to exit the conduits as an accurately controlled, small droplet size spray pattern. The wall member is formed from a billet including a number of concentric tubes having in their surfaces a plurality of generally V-shaped longitudinal grooves filled with complementary filler material. This billet is constrictively reduced and sliced into discs, and then the discs are domed and the filler material is removed. The thickness of the discs corresponds to the desired thickness of the wall member. Due to doming, the conduits diverge outwardly. The atomizer tip is adapted for use as a spray nozzle which provides greater uniformity in droplet size. Specifically, the atomizer tip is adapted for use in a fuel injector for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: This invention provides a recreational toy in the form of a perforated cushion having a connection adapted to receive water from a garden hose or the like, and a plurality of perforations distributed over the upper surface. The cushion is non-circular and is capable of maintaining a stable position in which the perforations are uppermost. Because of the distribution of the perforations, a person jumping on the perforated cushion at any location on the upper surface which cause a depression and a corresponding increase in the water pressure inside the cushion, whereby the spray jets emanating from the perforations increase in height and force, and also turn inwardly toward the cause of the depression.

Abstract: A sprinkler head has a hollow body with a suction cup on its underside for mounting on the roof of an automobile. The sprinkler head is supplied with water through a hose connection and perforations in the top of the hollow body discharge a spray of water over the automobile, leaving the operator's hands free to mop the surfaces to be cleaned. A shield of soft material underlies the hose connection to prevent the hose connection from marring the surface of the roof.

Abstract: A water blanket deluge device and system for delivering a continuous layer of water over the surface of a metal tank to keep the vessel and its contents cool primarily as protection against tank overheating by exposure to nearby fires and secondarily as a temperature control means for the contents of the tank.