Abstract: A coffee making machine for automatically producing coffee solution from unroasted coffee beans comprises a roaster for holding coffee beans and roasting the dried coffee beans into roasted coffee beans, a milling/extracting unit for grinding the roasted coffee beans into ground coffee and extracting coffee solution from the ground coffee, a blower for blowing air into the milling/extracting unit to cool the roasted coffee beans before they are ground, a pouring unit for pouring hot water onto the ground coffee and extracting the coffee solution therefrom, a coffee server for receiving the coffee solution from the milling/extracting unit, and means for supplying the coffee solution from the milling/extracting unit to the coffee server. The operation of the roaster, the supply of roasted coffee beans from the roaster to the milling/extracting unit, and the operation of the milling/extracting unit, the blower and the pouring unit are automatically performed at predetermined timings.

Abstract: Infectious medical waste is rendered non-infectious by an apparatus that includes a hopper into which the infectious waste is charged, a pair of grinders or other destruction devices that reduce the waste materials to small particles, a first heating station where harmful life forms are destroyed and a cooling station where the ground and heated materials are cooled to a level safe for handling by conventional trash removal personnel. Sharps containers are cut apart by an externally mounted sharps container cutter that cuts the containers apart before they reach the grinders.

Abstract: A syringe disposal apparatus has a portable collection unit (1) and a processing unit (2'). The collection unit (1) has an in-feed mechanism (11) to allow syringes to be introduced into the collection unit (1); and an interlock mechanism (12) suitable for removably securing the collection unit (1) to the processing unit (2') and emptying the syringes from the collection unit (1) into the processing unit (2').

Abstract: An electric kitchen appliance comprises a base (1) enclosing an electric motor (2) and transmission members (3, 4, 5) to drive in rotation a vertical shaft (6) that emerges from the base (1). The appliance is adapted to drive either a conventional chopping and slicing member in a receptacle at relatively high speed, or alternatively a heating mixing accessory (13) at relatively low speed. This accessory (13) comprises a receptacle (14) enclosing a working tool (15) such as a mixer, the bottom (16) of this receptacle resting on a heating sole (17). A speed reduction system (18) connected to the working tool (15) is disposed below the heating sole (17) and is part of the accessory. This speed reducer can be coupled to the vertical shaft (6). The accessory thus permits alternatively using the appliance for heating and mixing food preparations such as sauces.

Abstract: A centrifugal mill adapted for the continuous grinding of granulated material into fine powder is disclosed. At least one pair of grinding chambers is provided. The grinding chambers are rotated about their own axes one revolution in the opposite direction to the orbiting direction for each orbit and the orbiting radius is about 1.2 to about 4.0 times the grinding chamber radius. Under these conditions the grinding chambers do not rotate relative to the machine base so that communication with the grinding chamber and any surrounding jacket may be made through flexible hoses or tubes thereby avoiding the need for rotating seals. If desired, the grinding chamber may be subjected to atmospheres of controlled temperature, pressure and composition. As the grinding chamber atmosphere is isolated from the ambient atmosphere, contamination is avoided.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflashing of elastomeric elements comprising: a) a tumbling barrel having a closable opening for introducing and withdrawal of elastomeric elements and deflashing media to the interior of the barrel; b) a refrigeration chamber sized for receiving the barrel therein, having an access opening for providing access to a barrel located therein, having means for mounting the barrel therein, and having means for lowering the temperature of the interior of the chamber; and c) means for imparting motion to the barrel mounted within the chamber to achieve impacting movement to the barrel contents. The apparatus avoids the high costs and dangers of the complicated prior art cryogenic devices and is excellently suited for smaller molders.

Abstract: A system for separating contaminants from the plastic flake obtained by granulating synthetic plastic containers and products, which have contaminants bonded thereto, has a cryogenic housing for receiving the flake and a transport mechanism incorporated with the housing for moving the flake in a flow stream through the housing. The flake is mixed with a cryogenic medium at a subzero temperature and an impeller receives the frozen flake in a flow stream. An impact wall is provided outboard of the impeller and the impeller is rapidly revolved to radially separate the flakes and hurl the flakes individually at the impact wall with sufficient force to break the bond between the flakes and contaminant.

Abstract: The apparatus to put the process of the invention into practice comprises a silo 1 to dispense fat (oil), a duct 2 to feed in lime and optionally inert additives, a mixer 3 provided with a stirrer, at least a charging pot 4, a pocket vessel 5, a hopper provided with a distribution blade 6, a conveyor belt 7 continuously operating internally of the baking furnace, a baking furnace 8, a grid-type conveyor belt 9, a first crusher 10 and a mill 11. The powder lubricant obtained by said continuous process also has the advantage of exhibiting a better morphological appearance, more hardness and improved adhesion to the substrate to be lubricated.

Abstract: Apparatus for dispersion of solids in liquids including two relatively movable elements arranged so as to define a dispersing volume therebetween, a multiplicity of separate generally cylindrical dispersing elements disposed within the dispersing volume, and apparatus for supplying a solid suspended in a liquid to the dispersing volume for dispersing and for removing a solid dispersed in a liquid from the dispersed volume after dispersing, wherein the relatively movable elements are separated at the dispersing volume by a separation distance which is slightly greater than the minimum dimension of the dispersing elements.

Abstract: A waste sterilizing and crushing apparatus includes a heating chamber adapted to receive wastes therein, and a heater for heating the interior of the heating chamber. The bottom of the heating chamber is formed with a discharge port, and a cover plate driven by a driving device to open and close the discharge port. A crusher is disposed below the heating chamber for crushing wastes, and a feeder is provided whereby wastes discharged through the discharge port are fed into the crusher. When the wastes are heated in the heating chamber, the discharge port is opened by the action of the cover plate. Thereupon, the wastes in the heating chamber are charged into the crusher through the discharge port and feeder.

Abstract: An apparatus for grinding and precooking grain includes a housing that contains grinding disks, a hopper for input of the grain, a worm screw, and an output tube for the flour, wherein the housing defines a hermetic chamber inside which the vapor produced by friction while grinding is accumulated. A tube is provided from the hermetic chamber to capture the vapors and lead them to the tube through which the grain enters in order to precook it. The grinding disks have an alternating disposition of channels and reliefs in order to capture the vapor and lead it to the center of the disk through which the grain enters and return it to the input tube communicating with the hopper through the worm screw.

Abstract: A process for crushing a hafnium (Hf) crystal bar comprises the steps of maintaining the Hf crystal bar at an extremely low temperature by holding the crystal bar in contact with a cryogenic refrigerant and crushing the crystal bar at the extremely low temperature by clamping and compressing the crystal bar between nickel (Ni)-base superalloy members. An apparatus for crushing the Hf crystal bar comprises a Ni-base superalloy-made container for containing the cryogenic refrigerant, the container having a bottom portion capable of being selectively opened and closed, a heat insulator for covering the container filled with the cryogenic refrigerant so as to maintain the interior of the container at the extremely low temperature, Ni-base superalloy-made pressing terminals for clamping the Hf crystal bar therebetween in the container, and a pressing device for exerting pressure on the pressing terminals so as to compress and crush the Hf crystal bar.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method and apparatus to effect the separation of component fractions from paper-containing and plastic-containing waste materials. This method and apparatus accepts materials of widely varying characteristics such as paper, plastics, glass, metal, food wastes and other materials to be inserted en masse into a rotating vessel equipped with lifting paddles and directional flighting. In this way the intimate contact of materials with moisture and heat is accomplished, thus effecting the repulping of paper materials. The repulped materials, as a result of directional tumbling, are dispersed throughout the vessel. Because of the repulping of the pulpable materials, size reduction of the randomly large and odd-shaped pulpable material is accomplished. By virtue of the size reduction of the large and odd-shaped pulpable materials, the non-pulpable components are freed of the particle shapes and surfaces that affect separation.

Abstract: Fluidized-bed counter-jet mills are gas-jet mills with which extremely fine milling results can be produced with very little wear and tear. An improvement in the milling results can be achieved by cooling the gas jets with a refrigerant, but the improvement that can be achieved is not substantial and the consumption of refrigerant is very high. In order to lower the consumption of refrigerant while considerably improving the fineness of the milled material, the coarse material which is separated by the grader of the mill is cooled by the refrigerant within the fluidized-bed counter-jet mill and fed back into the milling chamber. Liquid nitrogen is the preferred refrigerant with which the sump of the mill is cooled.

Abstract: A used hypodermic syringe disposal apparatus is disclosed which is capable of disposing of used syringes so as to render re-use impossible and prevent possible infection resulting from the used syringes during the disposal operation. A pair of collapsing gears are arranged at a position which permits the gears to be meshed together in such a manner to prevent direct contacting between teeth of the gears. A voltage is applied to the gear while insulation is provided between both gears. When the used syringe is thrown into the apparatus, a hypodermic needle attached to the syringe is burnt immediately upon the needle contacting both gears so as to make them short-circuit. Also, a narrow gap is defined between the corresponding teeth of the synchronously rotating collapsing gears so that a syringe barrel may be effectively crushed in the gap while being transferred between the gears.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus includes a frame, a driving device mounted in the frame, and an upper and a lower grinding member mounted coaxially on a vertical axis on the frame. One of the upper and lower grinding members is rotated by the driving device. The upper grinding member is movable in an upward and a downward direction. Each of the upper and lower grinding members has a grinding disc with a central opening, a disc seat holding the grinding disc, and a shaft carrying the disc seat. The grinding surface of the grinding disc of the uper grinding member is concave and the grinding surface of the grinding disc of the lower grinding member is convex so that both of the grinding surfaces of the grinding discs can come into snug contact with each other. A guiding device is provided for guiding the shaft of the upper grinding member which permits the upper grinding member to move vertically but prevents the same from lateral movement.

Abstract: A dispersing and grinding apparatus comprises a vessel having an inlet at one end for supplying material which is to be ground and dispersed, and an outlet at the other end to discharge the ground and dispersed material. A rotor is rotatably disposed within the vessel and coacts with the inner wall of the vessel to define therebetween a narrow annular flow path through which the material flows from the inlet to the outlet of the vessel. An array of guide members are formed on the inner wall of the vessel or on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor for guiding the flow of the material-grinding medium mixture so that the predominant flow of the mixture in the narrow annular flow path occurs in the circumferential direction. The guide members have forward and rearward guide surfaces for imparting forward and rearward motions to the mixture as it flows circumferentially about the annular flow path.

Abstract: The inner wall of a grinding container (10) is made up of a plurality of ceramic rings (20; 46) which are held together by an enclsure (12). The ceramic rings (20; 46) may be made from case to case of a ceramic material, for example silicon nitride, adapted to the material to be ground and installed in the grinding container (10). They may comprise at their end faces (22, 24) interengaging profiles and/or be adhered together at their end faces (22, 24).

Abstract: A syringe disposal apparatus has a portable collection unit and a process unit. The collection unit has an in-feed mechanism to allow syringes to be introduced into the collection unit; and an interlock mechanism suitable for removably securing the collection unit to the processing unit and emptying the syringes from the collection unit into the processing unit. The processing unit contains an interlock mechanism suitable to activating the collection unit interlock mechanism; a grinder suitable for grinding the syringes into particles of metal and plastic; and a crucible assembly suitable for heating these particles above the melting point of plastic, and then cooling to produce a solid puck of plastic in which the metal particles are suspended and encapsulated.

Abstract: A fully automatic coffee maker comprises a roasting portion which heats raw coffee beans placed therein by heating means so as to roast the raw coffee beans, a grinding portion which grinds the roasted coffee beans which have been roasted in the roasting portion, a transferring portion which is connected between the roasting portion and the grinding portion and automatically transfers the roasted coffee beans from the roasting portion to the grinding portion after the raw coffee beans have been roasted, and an extracting portion which extracts the coffee from the ground coffee beans loaded therein from the grinding portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for the hydride-dehydride cycling comminution of metal hydride, hydrogen storage alloy materials, which comminuted hydrogen storage alloy material is adapted for use in the negative electrode of hydrogen storage, electrochemical cells.

Abstract: A system for collecting, drying, and comminuting garbage. The garbage is collected and introduced into a hopper. A plurality of heat lamps and sandblasting nozzles are provided on the walls of the hopper. The garbage is dried and comminuted in the hopper. A mesh conveyor is provided for filtering out particles smaller than sand which are delivered by a conveyor for further waste disposal. Particles and sand which do not pass through the mesh conveyor are fed back and delivered under pressure to the sandblasting nozzles.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the low temperature comminution of tires includes the separation of the tires into tire portions including tread portions, sidewall portions and bead portions. The tire portions are cooled and crushed to form rubber granules and scrap material. The rubber granules are sorted from the scrap material in a process that includes the step of suspending the granules in a moving stream of low temperature gas. The stream of gas and rubber granules is impacted on a solid surface to grind the granules. The low temperature gas is preferably recycled and cooled by heat exchange with another circulating low temperature gas such as nitrogen.

Abstract: The plastic syringe destruction device employs a cylinder and piston compaction unit together with heat to thermally smash plastic syringes into a compacted mass or slug. During compaction, the syringes are heated to temperatures between 100.degree. C. and 200.degree. C. to bring about melting of the syringes as well as sterilization. A removable transparent cover is also provided to permit only individual depositing of syringes into the cylinder when the main cover is in an opened position. A water injector nozzle is also provided as an option to permit compaction in a dry or wet state.

Abstract: A grinding medium is filled in a grinding vessel of a dispersing and grinding apparatus. The medium is agitated by means of a cylindrical rotor provided within the vessel. A material entered into the vessel is ground and dispersed in liquid by means of motion of the medium. The rotor has a forward screw on the outer surface or the inner surface thereof for inducing the medium from an inflow conduit to the direction of an outflow conduit, and has a backward screw on the inner surface or the outer surface thereof for inducing the medium from the outflow conduit to the inflow conduit. The medium circulates within the vessel under guidance of these screws. The rotor rotates directly by a shaft extending within the vessel, or by an electromagnetic inductive action of rotating magnetic field provided either on the outer or inner surface of the vessel.

Abstract: In transit refuse recovery and incineration system for processing refuse as it is collected including bag-ripping, sorting, shredding, pre-heating and pre-volatilization, classifying, incineration, gas clean-up, and bins for re-cyclable items and ash. Pre-heating and pre-volatilization, in conjunction with air classifying prior to incineration, leads to low air-flow usage, compactness and mobility, dioxin reduction, and high gas clean-up efficiency.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for crushing raw materials such as fruit and vegetables while heating the raw materials by using a heating medium such as steam or an inactive heating gas in an enclosed device from which the outside air is excluded.

Abstract: A fluidized granulating and coating apparatus having a cylindrical treating vessel provided with at least one spray nozzle, at least one air supply duct and one exhaust duct, and a downwardly converging frusto-conical portion. The spray nozzle is disposed at a position below the interface of the fluidized particles within the region of the frusto-conical portion. At least one compressed air nozzle is disposed at a level below the interface of the fluidized particles and within the range of the frusto-conical portion. Disclosed also is a fluidized granulating and coating method which makes use of this apparatus. With the apparatus and the method of the invention, it is possible to produce granular products such as a slow-effecting or long-lasting pharmaceutical product with a high quality and homogeneity at a high yield, by coating cores of spherical granules with a coating composition containing the medical component of the desired property.

Abstract: An apparatus for regulating an agitator mill for comminution, deagglomeration and dispersion of grinding stock present in the form of a suspension is provided. To attain a constantly uniform grinding stock fineness, a device is provided for keeping the specific energy input constant, the specific energy input being determined by the quotient of the power introduced into the grinding stock and the grinding stock mass flow. A device is also provided for detecting the distribution of the auxiliary grinding bodies in the grinding chamber. The distribution of the auxiliary grinding bodies can be determined by detecting the pressure drop in the grinding chamber. Further, the distribution of the auxiliary grinding bodies can be detected by means of at least two partial cooling chambers connected parallel to one another, with individual heat flows being detected via the partial cooling chambers.

Abstract: Used products, which would otherwise be disposed of as waste, are subjected to low temperature lowering the temperature of the product to approximately the temperature of crystallization of the components thereof. The product at this lowered temperature is then crushed sufficiently to cause the components thereof to release sufficiently to be subsequently separated according to material. The separation steps can include subjecting the crushed material to magnetic or electrostatic fields, air flows caused by either pressurized air or vacuums, and mechanical separation with vibratory screens and rakes. The materials of the original product are sufficiently separated to enable them to be recycled into usable product. The particular example cited relates to vehicle tires with the materials recovered including rubber, fiber and metal bands.

Abstract: A ball mill comprising a container for receiving a material to be pulverized and pulverizing balls, and an agitator including arms rotatable on a vertical axis. The arms carry elongate agitating members extending along and revolvable about the vertical axis. All of the arms are disposed in a position above the material and the balls in the container. The agitating members are arranged substantially equidistantly on a circle or circles around the vertical axis. The container defines gas inlet ports in a bottom region thereof for receiving a gas during a pulverizing operation.

Abstract: The apparatus operates to supply the air requirements for grinding a fuel material to the mill to guarantee the correct particle size and to decouple from the air emitted from the grinding apparatus a certain proportion so the combustion of the ground fuel material will be conducted at a ratio of less than the usual 3 to 1 ratio of air-to-fuel so the combustion can be controlled to reduce the nitrous oxide emission, the air that is decoupled is returned to the grinding apparatus with a supply of make up air that is heated for purposes of drying the material in the grinding apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for deflashing of elastomeric elements comprising: (a) a tumbling barrel having a closable opening for introducing and withdrawal of elastomeric elements and deflashing media to the interior of the barrel; (b) a refrigeration chamber sized for receiving the barrel therein, having an access opening for providing access to a barrel located therein, having mechanism for mounting the barrel therein, and having apparatus for lowering the temperature of the interior of the chamber; and (c) mechanism for imparting motion to the barrel mounted within the chamber to achieve impacting movement to the barrel contents. The apparatus avoids the high costs and dangers of the complicated prior art cryogenic devices and is excellently suited for smaller molders.

Abstract: An improved beads grinding machine for liquid material comprises a cylinder having a neck portion connected to an upper housing a transmission shaft mounted in the housing by means of two bearings, a plurality of blades secured onto the transmission shaft which extends into the cylinder, a cooling chamber around the cylinder, a sleeve secured onto the transmission shaft at the portion corresponding to the neck portion, a refined liquid material chamber between the neck portion and the sleeve, an inner ring fastened onto an inner end of the sleeve, an outer ring fastened onto an end plate which is fastened onto an inner portion of the neck portion, and a lubricant seal mounted on the transmission shaft in the vicinity of one of the bearings, said inner and outer rings being adjustable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus fluidizes solid deposits of coal tar sludge, such as coal tar decanter sludge or coal tar tank sludge to a relatively homogeneous mixture of solids dispersed in liquid. The coal tar decanter sludge received from the coke oven, including approximately 10 to 50% by weight coal and coke solids, is conveyed into a sludge mixing vessel where it is deposited onto a liquid-permeable support member or screen having a predetermined maximum screen size. A suitable coal tar solvent in the sludge mixing vessel is heated to a temperature sufficient to partially solubilize and reduce the viscosity of the coal tar portion of the coal tar decanter sludge to provide a pumpable dispersion of solids dispersed in a diluted coal tar mixture. Agglomerates of coal and coke solids held together with coal tar fall through the screen when sufficient coal tar has solubilized and the solid agglomerates then are reduced in size for recirculation to the sludge mixing vessel.

Abstract: Animal or plant derived materials are prepared for extraction of desired substances therefrom by grinding said materials at or below their Brittleness Temperature. This treatment allows fracture of the materials into small particles with high surface area to volume, as well as high volume to mass ratios, and disrupts membranes of tissues, organs, cells or organelles which would otherwise prevent or limit separation of desired biomolecules.

Abstract: An equipment is described to produce soymilk without the undesirable beany flavor and bitter taste of ordinary soymilk. The equipment comprises grinding soybeans totally in an aqueous medium at room temperature without trapping any air, cooking the resulting slurry, and separating the undesolved solids to extract soymilk. The fact that no heat needs to be given to soybeans prior to or during the grinding operation, yields very high percentage of solids in soybeans as dissolved solids in soymilk without rendering chalkiness found in the soymilks made employing the hot-grind and blanching methods. The equipment can also be used for making bland nutritional extracts of other protein rich seeds which are known to give rise to flavor problem in foods made from them.

Abstract: A waste meterial processing facility reduces the volume of waste material and produces an end product capable for use as construction building material. The waste material processing facility includes a conveyor belt for conveying the waste material to a shredding facility. The shredding facility controls the dimensions of the waste products being processed. An incinerator, for low heat incineration of the shredded materials includes pollution control devices for removing contaminates from the gases resulting from the incineration process. A facility is provided for solidifying, compacting, molding and glazing the char resulting from the incineration process into construction grade blocks. A scale house provides a first visual check of the materials being entered into the processing facility while a second check is derived by spreading the material in a dump area and consequently loading of the materials by front end loaders into a conveyor mechanism for transporting wast materials to the shredding facility.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recycling asphalt shingles in an asphalt plant which heats and dries aggregate and mixes the heated and dried aggregate with liquid asphalt to form an asphalt paving composition. The shingles are comminuted to particles of a size which can be easily flowed and metered, and the shingle particles are introduced into the asphalt plant such that they are heated to melt the asphalt in the shingle particles. The aggregate, heated shingle particles, and liquid asphalt are thoroughly mixed to form an asphalt paving composition.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for compressing moisture containing material including a pair of opposed rolls for receiving and advancing the material therebetween to apply rolling load thereto to compress the material and remove at least a portion of said moisture therefrom, and differential means for causing one of said rolls to rotate at a lower speed than the rolling speed of the other of the rolls, the differential rolling speeds developing friction between the rolls causing the rolls to be heated and apply heat to said material to further remove moisture therefrom, to cause the compressed material to adhere to the one roll and to cause the removed moisture to adhere to the other roll, also alone and in combination, apparatus and process of decomposing organic material such as an animal biomass by the action of aerobic microorganisms in the presence of oxygen, including introducing the organic material into a container having an end adapted to receive the organic material and an output end adapted to discharge th

Abstract: A horizontal media mill comprising a cantilevered shaft extending from a motor into a vessel in which a rotor mounted on the shaft agitates a grinding media and the product being milled. A cup-shaped screen and a cup-shaped end cover fit over the free end of the rotor and are removably mounted on the end of the vessel. The screen filters the media from the milled product as the product flows to an outlet in the end cover. The rotor is of a one-piece polymeric construction and slides off the shaft to be removable when the screen is removed. The mill is tiltable to facilitate cleaning, and includes an integrated hydraulic system which tilts the mill, cools the vessel, drives the product pump, and provides pressure for a seal where the shaft enters the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a pressure chamber grinder equipment in which finely divided material is ground to ultra-finely divided particles at each other at an elevated pressure. The objective of the invention is to achieve maximal economies of energy and an optimal grinding process. The invention is characterized in that the equipment comprises at least one horizontal plug pipe (1) provided with a feeder funnel and with a push cylinder (2), a pressurized equalizing tank (3) connected to the plug pipe (3), a screw conveyor (4) being passed across the bottom portion of the tank (3) for the purpose of feeding the material in a loose state into a pre-grinder (6), at whose outlet side the material-gas flow is divided into component flows of precisely equivalent speed and composition, which component flows are passed each through a grinding nozzle (10) of its own, of the shape of a venturi tube, into the grinding chamber proper, the nozzles being directed conically towards each other.

Abstract: A system for discharging coal frozen in railroad gondola cars includes provision for passing current through the shell of a gondola to melt the icy interface between coal and gondola, and for dropping the frozen coal out of the gondola by inverting the gondola; an embodiment includes shaking the gondola while inverted, after which the coal may be mechanically broken; special articulated electrodes or high current bus bars with electromagnets for self-holding of the bus bars to the sides of a gondola are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for forming an air laid, e.g., dry laid, fibrous web comprising the steps of and apparatus for defiberizing wood pulp laps, rolls or bales, preferably in a hammermill; transporting the fibers pneumatically to a forming head, and dispensing said fibers onto a foraminous support means, the aforesaid operations being carried out at conditions of high humidity such that the average fiber moisture content is at least above 2.5% by weight just prior reaching a forming header. In the preferred embodiment air at between about 150.degree. to about 200.degree. F. and having a relative humidity of between about 75 to 95% is introduced to the defiberizer to provide the requisite air moisture content. If desired over large fibers from the forming head may be recycled to the defiberizer. By practicing the invention, electrostatic charges on the fibers are reduced thereby minimizing clumping and ensuring better formation.

Abstract: A system (10) particularly suited for treating solid, granular and aggregate material by means of thermal reclamation. The subject (10) includes, arranged in cooperatively associated series relation, storage hopper means (12), heat exchanger means (14), thermal pipe reclaimer means (16) and cyclone scrubber means (18). The function of the storage hopper means (12) is to store therewithin a suitable supply of grain size material, which is to be treated. At a preestablished rate the material is fed from the storage hopper means (12) to the heat exchanger means (14). While traveling through the heat exchanger means (14) the material is preheated to a first temperature. From the heat exchanger means (14) after undergoing metal separation and crushing of lumps, the material is supplied to the thermal pipe reclaimer means (16) wherein the material is heated to a specified temperature for a predetermined period of time in order to effect the burning away of organic matter which the material embodies.

Abstract: A closure member (11) for opening and closing an outlet orifice (30) in a stationary cover (32) of a drum (1) drivable in rotation in a processing machine, in which the material being treated is conveyed upwards towards the outlet aperture, which is provided generally at the lower region of the drum. Closure member (11) is movably fitted to the cover (32) and is at least partly closable.

Abstract: In a pulverizer of the type having, within a casing, a stator and a rotor to be rotated in the stator, both having large numbers of mutually confronting ridges or teeth with a gap therebetween, the gap is 1 mm or less, and the ridges of the stator are of sawtooth shape as viewed in cross section and have flanks forming troughs therebetween with an acute bottom dihedral angle of 45 to 60 degrees. At least one tier of a classification ring is provided around the inner wall surface of the stator to form flow-blocking barriers across some or all of the troughs thereby to prevent particles being pulverized from being swept through the troughs without being satisfactorily pulverized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pulverizing, drying and transporting system for a pulverized fuel of a blast furnace of the type having at least one hot stove for supplying hot blast air, said hot stove also providing hot stove exhaust gas. The system includes a pulverizing and drying unit for pulverizing lamp raw fuel and drying the pulverized fuel. The hot stove gas is supplied to the pulverizing and drying unit. The hot stove exhaust gas dries the pulverized fuel and conveys it to a pulverized fuel collecting and separating device which separates the gas from the pulverized fuel. The line supplying the hot stove gas to the pulverizing and drying unit includes a heating device for selectively supplying additional heat to the hot stove exhaust gas. Moreover, the line for supplying the hot stove gas to the pulverizing and drying unit can include at least one of a temperature stabilizing device and a cooling device.

Abstract: An apparatus (14) embodying heat exchange means for treating solid, granular and aggregate materials, and in particular for treating spent, i.e., used, chemically bonded foundry sand. The subject apparatus (14) includes a rotatable first chamber means (16) and a rotatable second chamber means (30). The used foundry sand is preheated while traveling from one end thereof to the other end thereof through the first and second chamber means (16, 30). From the second chamber means (30) the preheated used foundry sand is suitably conveyed to a thermal reclaimer means (12) for purposes of thermally removing organic matter therefrom. Thereafter, the used foundry sand is conveyed to a fluidizing chamber means (48) which is located in surrounding heat exchange relation to the first chamber means (16).

Abstract: Apparatus for cooling thermoplastic strands issuing from an extrusion die, the apparatus including a cooling trough between the extrusion nozzle and the granulator. The trough has two coolant drainage regions, a first being connected to a gravity drain and a second having means applying air downward through apertures in the trough. A conical separator for granulate is provided following the granulator.