Abstract: A welding system includes power conversion circuitry configured to convert input power to weld power and a first housing surface. The first housing surface includes a first mating geometry configured to mate with a first complementary geometry of a first modular surface of a first modular component of the welding system.

Abstract: A reel apparatus comprising a pipe; an outer flange assembly comprising two outer support walls connected to the pipe and wherein each outer support wall comprises an inner wall and an outer wall; an inner flange assembly comprising two inner support walls, wherein the inner flange assembly is rotated relative to the outer flange assembly and the pipe and wherein each inner support wall comprises an inner wall and an outer wall; and a motor assembly connected to the inner flange assembly and outer flange assembly, wherein the motor assembly is physically connect to the outer flange assembly and wherein the motor assembly is rotationally connected to the inner flange assembly.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for an assembly which is attachable to a skid-steer or similar front end loader or tractor which is used to install fence wire, including woven wire. The assembly contains a plurality of spindles upon which rolls of wire can be placed, which wire passes through a threader which organizes and separates the wire, then through a clamping device operated hydraulically using electric and hydraulic controllers, then over a roller and around an upright wire guide whereupon the wire is attached to a fence post in a conventional manner. The wire is clamped using a clamping member operated by a hydraulic cylinder to clamp and lock the wire so that the wire can be stretched by the engine powered skid-steer, front end loader or the like so that the wire can be tightly attached to each fence post in a series operation. The plurality of spindles is disposed on an upright central stanchion attached to a platform so that the wire can be easily placed on and removed from the spindle.

Abstract: A mobile fabrication solution for onsite assemblage of earth drains for ground stabilization that includes a despooling carousel for uncoiling corrugated tubing from a stock supply, and for feeding the stock tubing into an extrusion head unit. The head unit contains counter-rotating wheels that grip and drive the tubing out through a collet into a filter sock and into a collection trough. One end of a stock supply of fabric filter sock is attached to the collet exteriorly of the head unit to the collet and is unrolled along the trough. When the corrugated tubing is ejected it fills the sock within the trough and may be cut to the desired length onsite, eliminating waste.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a mobile carrier operable for transporting a reel of oilfield tubing across ground. The mobile carrier comprises a frame comprising a first frame portion, a second frame portion, and a central frame portion extending between the first and second frame portions. The first, second, and central frame portions define an opening for receiving the reel. The mobile carrier also comprises a locking mechanism operable to engage and rotate the reel within the opening, and a plurality of wheels supporting the frame on the ground. The plurality of wheels comprises a plurality of first wheels operably connected to the first frame portion and a plurality of second wheels operably connected to the second frame portion. The opening interposes the plurality of first wheels and the plurality of second wheels.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for efficiently laying geotextile or like material on a preferably prepared target surface. The apparatus includes a tractor or like machine mountable dispensing device mounted to a tractor or like construction machine and having at least one roll of geotextile or like material rollingly and dispensingly mounted to the device. The apparatus is used in rolling out and laying down geotextile or like material on a target surface as the tractor or like machine drives/rolls/moves along or in near proximity to the target surface.

Abstract: A container may be provided. The container may comprise a first surface and a second surface concentric with the first surface. The first surface and the second surface may define a volume. The volume may house a concentric length of multiple parallel conductors. The multiple parallel conductors may pass through a restricting mechanism to restrict the multiple parallel conductors to pass at the same rate and at the same length.

Abstract: A strap dispenser includes a main body and two loading units. The loading units are configured to receive a strapping roll. The loading units are connected with a connecting member and an elastic member. When in use, a strapping roll is first placed on one of the loading units to be guided and located between the loading units through the connecting member and the elastic member. When the strapping roll is pulled, the strap dispenser can prevent the strapping roll from being jammed or pulled out of the loading units due to the action of the centrifugal force.

Abstract: A trailer is provided having a trailer base and a trailer bed mounted to the trailer base. The trailer includes at least one actuator coupled to the trailer bed and the trailer base that raises and lowers the trailer bed. When the at least one actuator is extended, the trailer bed is raised to a vertical orientation. When the at least one actuator is retracted, the trailer bed is in the horizontal orientation. The trailer includes a lifting head protruding outwardly from the trailer bed. The position of the lifting head is adjustable along a longitudinal axis of the trailer bed.

Abstract: A wire unroller apparatus having a base configured to be removably mounted to a vehicle and at least one first spindle and a second spindle mounted to the base and configured to receive one or more spools of wire. The base has a base surface, left and right arms extending away from the base surface and terminating at ends, and a cross bar removably connected to the ends of the left and right arms. The first spindle is oriented in a first direction and is connected between the base surface and the cross bar. The second spindle is oriented in a second direction and is mounted between the left and right arms. The spools of wire on the first spindle and the second spindle may be unrolled at the same time.

Abstract: A trailer is provided having a trailer base and a trailer bed mounted to the trailer base. The trailer includes at least one actuator coupled to the trailer bed and the trailer base that raises and lowers the trailer bed. When the at least one actuator is extended, the trailer bed is raised to a vertical orientation. When the at least one actuator is retracted, the trailer bed is in the horizontal orientation. The trailer includes a lifting head protruding outwardly from the trailer bed. The position of the lifting head is adjustable along a longitudinal axis of the trailer bed.

Abstract: An apparatus for the movement of a barrel pack containing spooled wire or cable. The apparatus comprising a frame, a handle attached to the frame, a plurality of wheels rotatably attached to the frame, securing structures attached to the frame, the securing structures securing the barrel pack to the frame and a footage counting assembly attached to the handle. The footage counting assembly counts the amount of footage of wire or cable passing through the footage counting assembly.

Abstract: A terminal reel cart that supports two reels of terminals and two terminal applicators such that the terminal applicators can be loaded with the strip of terminals and moved into position relative to a terminal station of a wire processing system. The terminal reel cart supports the reels of terminals and the terminal applicators. The reel cart includes a plurality of wheels that allow the cart to be easily moved throughout a processing facility. The reel cart includes a pair of paper take up reels that are each driven by a motor and collects the paper backing from the strip of terminals. The paper take up reels are driven by a drive motor on the wire processing system.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a cart having a frame, a front assembly attached to the frame, a back assembly attached to the frame, and a rotating enclosure assembly attached to the frame. The rotating enclosure assembly includes a removable side and a cage. The removable side is removable from the cage to aid in loading or unloading coils of flexible tubing and can be fixedly attached when installing the flexible tubing coiled around the rotating enclosure assembly. The cart may further include an adjustment mechanism that allows the cart to be adjusted between a mobile state and an immobile state. The back assembly may include one or more immobilizers configured to immobilize the cart into the immobile state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile spool support system for transporting spools of a flexible elongate load such as cable or tubing on a transport vehicle. In some forms the system includes one or more lift arms for raising and lowering a spool rod. These arms are pivotally attached to a lift base that is utilized for supporting loads placed on the support system. A spool rod is utilized for supporting a spool containing the flexible elongate load on the spool and is seated on the lift arms. A mount interface is utilized for securing the system to the front or rear end of a transport vehicle. Deployable jacks are available in some forms to support the system against the ground.

Abstract: A roofing material moving apparatus and method of operation. This apparatus and method facilitates loading, unloading, and unrolling a roll of roofing material. Two load supports form a concave shape having a depressed region, a fulcrum end, and a junction end. A pair of legs extends from the fulcrum end of the load supports. A first pair of narrow rollers rotatably affix to a first crossbar. A second pair of narrow rollers rotatably affix to a second crossbar. Two pairs of wide rollers rotatably affix to a pair of third crossbars extending between the depressed region of the load supports. The two wheels work together as a fulcrum for movement and pivoting of the apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for the movement of a barrel pack containing spooled wire or cable. The apparatus comprising a frame, a handle attached to the frame, a plurality of wheels rotatably attached to the frame, securing structures attached to the frame, the securing structures securing the barrel pack to the frame and a footage counting assembly attached to the handle. The footage counting assembly counts the amount of footage of wire or cable passing through the footage counting assembly.

Abstract: A tensioned panel extended insulation system includes a support structure, a panel support structure and a pair of insulation panels. A telescoping tube extended insulation system includes a support structure and a ceiling sheet material. A rafter clip may be attached to a rafter for attachment of an end of the support structure. A cable arched telescoping tube extended insulation system includes an arched support structure, an adjustable spacer, a cable and the ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system includes a support structure, an insulation support structure and an ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system may be arched. A system for installing ceiling sheet material in buildings preferably includes either two roller supports or two sheave supports, a middle section, a first end section and a second end section. A rotary strut could also be used to replace an existing strut.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods usable for introducing tension into a cable. The apparatus comprises a frame adapted for connection to a crane, a holder adapted for retaining a cable spool, and at least one surface adapted to contact the cable and resist its movement. The frame is adapted for disassembly into a plurality of sections. The apparatus comprises at least one bracket for connecting the frame with the crane. The bracket comprises an aperture adapted for connecting to a jib attachment of a boom head. The at least one surface comprises at least two surfaces adapted to compress the cable, thereby resisting its movement. The at least two surfaces comprise a channel extending thereon, wherein the channels are adapted to form a generally circular bore when the surfaces are joined together, wherein the bore is adapted for receiving the cable.

Abstract: A tensioned panel extended insulation system includes a support structure, a panel support structure and a pair of insulation panels. A telescoping tube extended insulation system includes a support structure and a ceiling sheet material. A rafter clip may be attached to a rafter for attachment of an end of the support structure. A cable arched telescoping tube extended insulation system includes an arched support structure, an adjustable spacer, a cable and the ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system includes a support structure, an insulation support structure and an ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system may be arched. A system for installing ceiling sheet material in buildings preferably includes either two roller supports or two sheave supports, a middle section, a first end section and a second end section. A rotary strut could also be used to replace an existing strut.

Abstract: A tensioned panel extended insulation system includes a support structure, a panel support structure and a pair of insulation panels. A telescoping tube extended insulation system includes a support structure and a ceiling sheet material. A rafter clip may be attached to a rafter for attachment of an end of the support structure. A cable arched telescoping tube extended insulation system includes an arched support structure, an adjustable spacer, a cable and the ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system includes a support structure, an insulation support structure and an ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system may be arched. A system for installing ceiling sheet material in buildings preferably includes either two roller supports or two sheave supports, a middle section, a first end section and a second end section. A rotary strut could also be used to replace an existing strut.

Abstract: A tensioned panel extended insulation system includes a support structure, a panel support structure and a pair of insulation panels. A telescoping tube extended insulation system includes a support structure and a ceiling sheet material. A rafter clip may be attached to a rafter for attachment of an end of the support structure. A cable arched telescoping tube extended insulation system includes an arched support structure, an adjustable spacer, a cable and the ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system includes a support structure, an insulation support structure and an ceiling sheet material. A bar joist extended insulation system may be arched. A system for installing ceiling sheet material in buildings preferably includes either two roller supports or two sheave supports, a middle section, a first end section and a second end section. A rotary strut could also be used to replace an existing strut.

Abstract: Apparatus for lifting and supporting a spool of windable material above a floor includes a pair of supports wherein each support includes a floor-engaging base and an elongated telescoping post assembly joined to the base so as to extend vertically upwardly therefrom. A lift assembly is connected to the post assembly and is releasably securable at alternative locations therealong, and the telecoping post assembly can be altered in length so that by positioning each of the supports adjacent a corresponding end of the barrel of the spool, arranging the lift assemblies of the stands in cooperating relationship with the barrel of the spool so that when lifted by the stands, the weight of the spool rests upon the lift assemblies, and then lengthening the post assembly, the spool is lifted from the floor by way of the lift assemblies.

Abstract: A tool for installing a length of backer rod, the backer rod being sized for insertion into a contraction joint within a concrete slab, the tool including a first carriage; a plurality of wheels mounted upon the carriage, the wheels being arranged for facilitating rolling motion of the first carriage along the contraction joint; a second carriage sized for suspension beneath the first carriage; a plurality of backer rod depressing disks including a frontmost disk, each disk being mounted rotatably upon the second carriage; jack screw disk positioners interconnecting the carriages and being adapted for, upon the rolling motion along the contraction joint, downwardly extending the disks into the contraction joint; a backer rod guide tube connected to the first carriage and being adapted for continuously positioning the length of backer rod beneath the disks; and a handle connected operatively to the first carriage.

Abstract: A method for feeding a supply station of a packaging unit with a new reel of sheet packaging material comprises releasably connecting a sheet packaging material holder to a support structure; coupling an end portion of new reel with holder connected, in turn, to support structure; carrying out on end portion at least an operation, which is preliminary for joining of end portion to a first edge of a terminated reel previously connected to packaging unit; moving new reel together with holder from support structure towards supply station; and releasably connecting a fixed part of supply station to holder together with new reel.

Abstract: A transportation dolly for transporting tools, such as Measurement While Drilling (MWD) tools, is provided. The dolly includes a base plate with a front end, a rear end, a top surface, and a bottom surface. A plurality of wheels may be attached to the bottom surface. A cradle forming a channel within may be attached to the top surface. A plurality of dollies may be linked together. The channel may be shaped and sized to receive the MWD tool. Therefore, the MWD tool may be strapped to the plurality of dollies and transported in a safe manner.

Abstract: An apparatus for a vehicle used for positioning sod strips includes a structure for mounting on the vehicle frame and a pushing plate slidably mounted to the structure. The pushing plate is arranged to be abuttable to an edge of a sod strip. A pair of cylinders are operatively mounted between the structure and the pushing plate to slide the pushing plate away from the structure to laterally shift a sod strip to tighten up seams between adjacent sod strips. A pushing frame provides arms that are slidable into base tubes of a base frame and the cylinders are connected between the arms and the base tubes to slide the pushing frame with respect to the base frame. Further cylinders are employed to pivot the base frame, the pushing frame and the pushing plate between deployed and non-deployed positions.

Abstract: A cartridge system for a cable reel. The cartridge system includes a case configured to hold the cable reel and a pair of reel roller elements inside the case, Each of the reel roller elements has ends that are connected to opposite sides of the case. Each of reel roller elements has a roller rotatable within the case. The roller is configured to receive a flange of the cable reel such that the cable reel is rotatable within the case.

Abstract: A device for taking up a fire-fighting hose, allowing the user to quickly and reliably take up the hose with a small force in an upright posture and capable of accurately taking up the hose both in a single layer and in double layers. Wheels (2) are rotatably supported at the lower part of a frame body (1), and a handle (5) is provided to the upper part of the frame body (1). The frame body (1) can be moved by rotating the wheels (2) by pushing or pulling the handle (5). A rotatable reel (3) on which hose (H) is wound is provided to the frame body (1), a power transmitting circulation member (4) is passed over the rotating shaft (33) of the reel (3) and the rotation support shaft (21) of the wheels (2) to enable the reel (3) to rotate in association with the rotation of the wheels (2).

Abstract: A rollable dispenser for spooled wire includes equiangularly-spaced tubular braces which rigidly interconnect the frames adjacent their circular peripheral edges. One or more wire spools are retained between the platters on removable axles which span the distance between both platters at radial intervals. One or more spools may also be retained by a centrally positioned axle. For a preferred embodiment of the invention, each platter is constructed from a length of circularly-bent tubing, the ends of which are butt welded together to form a hoop. Each platter further includes a circular laminar plate that includes a circular rim, a central hub having a single axle aperture, and radial laminar spokes, each having an axle aperture, which join the rim to the hub.

Abstract: A transporter for manually transporting cartons of wire or cable has a horizontal support member having first and second pieces, first and second spaced-apart vertical support members, and first and second axial inserts attached to the vertical support members for insertion into entry holes in a reel or carton. A collapsible handle is affixed to the support structure and one or more stabilization members prevent the carton from rotating as wire is dispensed from the carton.

Abstract: A weed barrier removal assembly facilitates removal of weed barrier material. The assembly includes a mounting plate configured for coupling to a motorized vehicle. First and second arms are coupled to and extend from the mounting plate in spaced relationship to each other. A first coupler is rotatably coupled to the first arm and a second coupler is rotatably coupled to the second arm. The first and second couplers are configured for coupling to an elongated member wherein the elongated member extends between the first and second arms. A motivator is operationally coupled to the first coupler wherein the first coupler is selectively rotated by activating the motivator.

Abstract: A motorized roller apparatus for assisting in the selective rolling up of an at least one rolled object provides, in at least one embodiment, a chassis having an at least one rear rolling member and an at least one front rolling member. The rear rolling member is rotatably engaged proximal a rear end of the chassis and configured for being in rolling contact with the surface on which the object is positioned, enabling the apparatus to travel across the surface. The front rolling member is rotatably engaged proximal an opposing front end of the chassis, a distance above the surface, and configured for being selectively positioned in rolling contact with the rolled object. A motor is positioned within the chassis and interconnected with the rear rolling member. Additionally, an elongate handle portion is engaged with the chassis and configured for allowing a user to operate and steer the apparatus.

Abstract: A hose deployment and retrieval system is described that includes a modular reel assembly. The modular reel assembly includes a reel having a hub around which a hose may be wound and a wheel assembly on either side of the hub and spaced to accept the hose there between. The reel assembly also includes an axle in the center of the hub around which the hub can spin and a base holding the axle. A deployment fork assembly includes a reel assembly mount for engaging with the modular reel assembly and a drive mechanism to spin the reel when the deployment fork assembly is engaged with the modular reel assembly, wherein the deployment fork assembly is adapted to mount to a vehicle.

Abstract: A turf seamer for seaming adjacent rows of turf is provided herein. The turf seamer has comprising a mounting frame with couplers for attachment to a transport vehicle for transport in a direction of travel. A conveyor carriage is attached to the mounting frame wherein the conveyor carriage comprises a front conveyor wheel and a rear conveyor wheel. A conveyor is on the conveyor carriage in a loop around the front conveyor wheel and the rear conveyor wheel. The conveyor has a multiplicity of conveyor base plates wherein each conveyor base plate is pivotally attached each adjacent conveyor base plate. Engagement pins extend from the conveyor base plates. The conveyor carriage also has a pivot for rotating the conveyor out of alignment of the direction of travel.

Abstract: Apparatus for covering a large land area with a long length, wide width heavy flexible sheeting comprising: a main framework adapted for mounting onto the end of a crowd of an excavator; a swivel assembly rotatably secured to the main framework; an elongated support member secured to the swivel assembly; a bearing assembly pivotably fixed to one end of the support member; a bushing assembly pivotably mounted to the other end of the support member; an arbor assembly including an elongated mandrel for receiving and supporting a roll of sheeting with one end of the mandrel journalled at one of its ends in the bushing assembly and the opposite end removably arranged in the bearing assembly.

Abstract: A cable handling system has a cable traction unit having a sequence of cable-driving pulleys, a cable path coiling partially around each one of the cable-driving pulleys in the sequence, the cable traction unit being mounted on a rear portion of the vehicle; a cable accumulator unit mounted on the vehicle, having an cable chamber fixed relative to the vehicle and having an annular cable receiving area between a cylindrical outer wall and a cylindrical inner wall, and a cable channel having a first end communicating with the cable traction unit, and a second end communicating with the annular cable receiving area.

Abstract: A dolly for supporting a spool carrying a windable material, such as rope, utilizes a wheeled frame including an elongated section having two opposite ends, a pair of wheels, and at least one floor-engaging for supporting, in conjunction with the wheels, the dolly upon a floor. A U-shaped bracket assembly having two legs and a base which extends between the two legs is secured to the elongated section of the frame, and a first tipped member is journaled to one leg of the U-shaped bracket for acceptance by a centrally-disposed hole provided in one end of the spool. A second tipped member is journaled to a threaded rod mounted in the other leg of the bracket for acceptance by a centrally-disposed hole provided in the other end of the spool.

Abstract: A device for handling a spool having a barrel about which a wire or cable is wound and two flanges at each end of the barrel includes a pair of wheeled carriers wherein each carrier includes an elongated frame having two opposite end portions and wherein the opposite end portions of the frame are adapted to be moved toward and away from one another. A roller is rotatably supported at each end portion of each frame and is arranged so that the rotational axis of the two rollers of each frame are substantially parallel to one another, and a screw jack is incorporated within each frame for moving the rollers of each frame toward one another so that by positioning each carrier of the device adjacent a corresponding flange of the spool and then moving the end portions of the carrier toward one another, the flange of spool is raised to an elevated condition above the floor.

Abstract: A wire reel holder and dispensing assembly is provided for transporting, holding, and dispensing wire from a wire reel. The holder and assembly includes an elongated shaft configured for insertion through a wire reel. Each of a pair of end members has a polygonal outer perimeter edge and a central opening. The shaft is slidably insertable through the central opening of each end member positioning the end members at each end of the wire reel. Each end member is securable to the shaft to hold the wire reel in a static position along a length of the shaft and prevent rolling of the wire reel on the shaft. A holding assembly is provided for connecting the shaft, end members and wire reel to a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention presents a power transmission device comprising a cable, and a duct at least partially surrounding the cable, a reel, into which the cable with its duct can be reeled, a guide for feeding the cable onto and/or off the reel, and a crank in connection with the head end of the cable for rotating the cable. The power transmission device is mainly characterized in that the crank is a hydraulic crank.

Abstract: The present invention is a unique cart for transporting and dispensing spooled or reeled materials such as carpet or cable. The apparatus allows a user to elevate a spool of material off the ground into a suspended position where the material can be unreeled, without the user having to manually lift the spool. The apparatus also allows the user to transport or move the elevated material from place to place while still in the cart.

Abstract: A bulk electrical wire trailer having removable wire spool racks that include an isolated or independently rotating ground wire spool. The wire rack spools are removable from the trailer and the spools may be rotated and locked into any position facing the project. The bulk electrical wire trailer being used as method to readily distribute bulk wire to a job site or may be used as an incentive to attract electrical contractors to a distributor.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for the rapid deployment of a fracturing water transferring system, along with the rapid picking up and storage of such system after use. In different embodiments the method in includes the use of a tensioning system to retrieve one or more segments of lay flat hose.

Abstract: A method for horizontally winding and horizontally unwinding parallel steel wire strands for transport, storage or installation comprises the following steps: when performing the winding operation, a guiding frame (1) is mounted on the ground, a rotating platform is connected with a rotating shaft (21), the leading end of the wire stranded is passed through the guiding rollers (17) and then is fixed on an inner module (4), and the platform (2) is rotated around the shaft (21); when performing the unwinding operation, the guiding frame (1) is mounted on the ground and one end of the winded stranded wire is pulled out from the guiding rollers (17).

Abstract: An apparatus includes a frame and a roller. The frame has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be coupled to a vehicle configured to move along a surface, such as for example, an industrial utility vehicle, scooter or the like. The roller is coupled to the second portion of the frame such that when the first portion of the frame is coupled to the vehicle the second portion of the frame and the roller are spaced apart from the surface, and the roller is configured to contact a portion of a substantially cylindrical roll. The portion of the substantially cylindrical roll is disposed between the surface and a horizontal center line of the substantially cylindrical roll.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for applying a tarping material to trucking cargo are provided. The tarping material may be formed into a roll with a rod disposed therethrough. The roll may be supported by a frame. The roll can be configured to move vertically with respect to the ground. A trailer carrying trucking cargo can be stationed beneath the frame. The tarping material may be unwound and dispensed from the roll. In order to drape the trucking cargo with the tarping material, the roll may be moved horizontally over the frame in addition to or alternatively to having the trucking cargo driven horizontally with respect to the roll.

Abstract: A cable containing an optical fiber is used to transmit data between an underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and a support vessel floating on the surface of the water. The ROV stores the cable on a spool and releases the cable into the water as the ROV dives away from the support vessel. The ROV detects the tension in the cable and the rate that the cable is release from the ROV is proportional to the detected tension in the cable. After the ROV has completed the dive and retrieved by the support vessel, the cable can be retrieved from the water and rewound onto the spool in the ROV.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for the rapid deployment of a fracturing water transferring system, along with the rapid picking up and storage of such system after use. In different embodiments the method in includes the use of a tensioning system to retrieve one or more segments of lay flat hose.

Abstract: A floor covering storage, dispensing and retrieval rack includes a frame having a roller arrangement for enabling storage, dispensing and retrieval of at least one roll of floor covering relative to the floor surface. A blower device is connected to the frame for supplying a stream of forced air between the floor surface and the floor covering to ease installation and removal of the floor covering relative to the floor surface.