Abstract: The method of making an acid-absorbing biosolid composition provides a method for the use of recycled materials to produce an acid-absorbing composition that may then be recycled as a fertilizer after absorbing the acid. The method includes the steps of: collecting sewage sludge; drying the sewage sludge to remove water therefrom to form dried sludge; adding hydrochloric acid to the dried sludge to form a liquid intermediary product; heating the liquid intermediary product to produce a dried porous biomass; and mixing inorganic waste material with the dried porous biomass to produce the acid-absorbing biosolid composition. Thereafter, the acid-absorbing biosolid composition may be placed in a gas flow to absorb an acidic component therefrom; and then recycled for use as fertilizer following absorption of the acidic component from the gas flow.

Abstract: An acid gas sorbent composition is disclosed. The composition comprises a compound having the following formula: (SiO2)x(OH)yF.B wherein F optionally exists and said F is at least one of the following: a functionalized organosilane, a sulfur-containing organosilane, or an amine-containing organosilane; and wherein B is a hygroscopic solid at a preferred water to solid molar ratio of about 0.1 to about 6, and more particularly, B is a basic inorganic solid including, but not limiting to, alkali or alkali-earth metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, or bicarbonates, containing at least one of the following metal cations: calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium, sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, dysprosium, scandium, ytterbium, yttrium, or erbium; wherein the molar ratio of y/x is equal to about 0.01 to about 0.5.

Abstract: Adsorption devices, systems, and methods are provided. In one embodiment, an adsorption device includes a fabric and an adsorbing complex attached at least partially attached to a surface of the fabric, the adsorbing complex being reactive to selectively adsorb a substance from a liquid passing through the fabric to remove at least a portion of the substance from the liquid. In one embodiment, the adsorption device can be incorporated into an extracorporeal blood circuit adapted to filter phosphate from blood of a hemodialysis patient without altering chemistry of the blood.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage material is provided, the hydrogen storage material comprises a hydride-forming solid disposed in a film, a hydrogen-diffusing solid media disposed in the film with the hydride-forming solid, and a high density of interfaces between the hydride-forming solid and the hydrogen-diffusing solid media in the film. The hydrogen storage material may be made by co-depositing the hydride-forming solid and the hydrogen-diffusing solid media to form the film having different solid phases of the hydride-forming solid and the hydrogen-diffusing solid media and a high density of interfaces therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a mesenchymal stem cell attractant capable of attracting a mesenchymal stem cell; and others. The present invention provides a mesenchymal stem cell attractant containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an extract of a Bodhi tree, an extract of the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews, an extract of Mallotus philippinensis, an extract of Uncaria gambir an extract of Pashanbheda, and an extract of a plant belonging to the genus Prunus.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an adsorbent comprising: a) 20-30% porous carbon with incorporated organic nitrogen species; and b) 70-80% inorganic matter. The invention is directed to a method of making an adsorbent which comprises: a) thermally drying dewatered sewage sludge to form granulated organic fertilizer; and b) pyrolyzing said the organic fertilizer at temperatures between 600 and 1000° C. The invention is additionally directed to the process of removing acidic gases from wet air streams comprising putting an adsorbent in contact with the wet air stream and allowing the adsorbent to adsorb the acidic gases.

Abstract: Effective in-situ injection technology for the remediation of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) such as trichloroethylene (TCE) benefits from the use of decontamination agents that effectively migrate through the soil media, and react efficiently with both dissolved TCE and bulk TCE. A novel decontamination system contains highly uniform carbon microspheres preferably in the optimal size range for transport through the soil. The microspheres are preferably enveloped in a polyelectrolyte (such as carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) to which preferably a bimetallic nanoparticle system of zerovalent iron and Pd is attached. The carbon serves as a strong adsorbent to TCE, while the bimetallic nanoparticles system provides the reactivity. The polyelectrolyte serves to stabilize the carbon microspheres in aqueous solution. The overall system resembles a colloidal micelle with a hydrophilic shell (the polyelectrolyte coating) and a hard hydrophobic core (carbon).

Abstract: Compositions comprising soil adsorption polymers for reducing particulates in the air are provided.

Abstract: A polarity swing-assisted regeneration (PSAR) process is disclosed for improving the efficiency of releasing gases chemically bound to switchable ionic liquids. Regeneration of the SWIL involves addition of a quantity of non-polar organic compound as an anti-solvent to destabilize the SWIL, which aids in release of the chemically bound gas. The PSAR decreases gas loading of a SWIL at a given temperature and increases the rate of gas release compared to heating in the absence of anti-solvent.

Abstract: Novel solvents and methods of use for the removal of CO2 from flue gas, natural gas, hydrogen gas, synthesis gas, and other process and waste gas streams are provided. The solvent contains an alkali salt such as potassium carbonate and a polyamine such as piperazine (PZ) where the polyamine concentration is at least 1.5 equivalents/Kg H2O and the alkali salt concentration is at least 0.5 equivalents/Kg H2O. The preferred alkali salt/polyamine ratio is from approximately 1:2 to 2:1, and no additional alcohol is required for solubilizing the PZ. This chemical solvent and method of use provides efficient and effective removal of CO2 from gaseous streams and other sources.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide absorbent is disclosed. The absorbent compostion contains a liquid, non-aqueous, silicon-based material, functionalized with one or more groups that reversibly react with CO2 and/or have a high-affinity for CO2; and at least one amino alcohol compound. A method for reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in a process stream is also described. The method includes the step of contacting the stream with the carbon dioxide absorbent composition. A power plant that includes a carbon dioxide removal unit based on the carbon dioxide absorbent is also described.

Abstract: A process for removing CO2 from a CO2 containing gas stream in which the CO2 containing gas stream is contacted with an aqueous ammonium solution. The aqueous ammonia solution comprises 0.1-40% w/v, v/v/ w/w ammonia, and a soluble salt at a concentration range of 0.01%-10% wt or v/v or w/v, the soluble salt having cations selected from the group of group IA, IIA, IIIA and IVA metals with counter anions selected from the group of anion of group VIIA elements, NO3?, SO42?, OH43?, PO43? and HCO3?. The invention also extends to a CO2 capture solvent comprising an aqueous ammonia solution and the above soluble salt.

Abstract: Disclosed are oxalate sorbent compositions, methods for their manufacture, and methods for removing mercury species from waste streams employing oxalate sorbent compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for functionalizing a solid material surface with self assembling or self aggregating cyclodextrins, said method comprising the steps of: providing an adsorption solution comprising at least one modified cyclodextrins and at least one solvent; and contacting a solid material surface with the adsorption solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and means to produce chromatography media having improved pressure-flow properties. More closely, the invention relates to bimodal particle size distribution and the use of layer functionalisation as means to change pressure-flow properties of chromatography media. The invention relates to a method for production of chromatography media having improved pressure-flow properties, comprising mixing large beads/particles, comprising an inner core and an outer functionalized shell/lid, with smaller beads/particles, wherein the ratio of the particle size of large and small beads: [D50V for large particles/D50V for small particles]>1.2, and wherein the volume ratio of large and small beads in the column: [Total volume of large beds/Total volume beads] is in the range 0.05-0.9.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a mixture for recovery utilization or transfer of carbon dioxide gas. According to the present invention, disclosed is a mixture containing carbon dioxide and an alkyltin alkoxide composition containing carbon dioxide complex of an alkyltin alkoxide, the mixture having a composition with a specified ratio.

Abstract: The invention provides an oxygen absorbing article comprising carbon, iron, refined wood pulp, and water. In another embodiment the invention provides an oxygen absorbing article comprising a base sheet, a cover sheet secured to said base sheet to define a closed space there between, a first layer of oxygen absorbing materials in integral layer form in said closed space, wherein the oxygen absorbing materials comprises carbon, iron, refined wood pulp, and water.

Abstract: A method of drying a radioisotope solution having radioisotopes includes passing the radioisotope solution through a solid phase extraction column containing an anion exchange group, thereby trapping the radioisotopes in the column. The method also includes passing an eluent through the column, thereby removing the radioisotopes from the column. The eluent includes a cation trapping agent/salt complex, less than 4% water, and the remainder is a solvent. A method of producing the eluent includes reacting a cation trapping agent with a salt in the presence of less than 4% water and a solvent to form solubilized cation trapping agent/salt complex, wherein one of the cation trapping agent and the salt is present in en excess of a stoichiometric amount and ending the reaction when a predetermined amount of solubilized cation trapping agent/salt complex has been formed.

Abstract: A dry material is synthesized by alkali metal (Li, Na and K) promoted calcium aluminate carbonates to obtain a CO2 sorbent used at a temperature higher than 600 Celsius degrees (° C.). The key composition of the sorbents is 52˜69% of CaO, which is beneficial to capture CO2 at 400˜800° C. A breakthrough result is achieved by using this sintering-resistant sorbent, which includes the features of 50% initial carbonation capacity and 20 folds CO2 capturing performance maintained after 40˜60 hours. Besides, alkali bearing material provides good velocity in CO2 capturing/releasing cycles; for example, by using Li and K series sorbents, 40 hours is required for 40 cycles only.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to a method for obtaining particulate calcium carbonate and activated carbon particles and methods for using same, and more particularly, to a method for obtaining activated carbon particles having an average particle size less than about 12 microns from a pulp mill.

Abstract: Bilayer-nanoparticle compositions comprising a nanoparticle core and a lipid bilayer disposed around the exterior surface of the nanoparticle core are provided. In some embodiments, these bilayer-nanoparticle compositions may be dispersed in an aqueous solution. Associated methods are also provided.

Abstract: Processes for improving copper/iron selectivity in a solvent extraction circuit by contacting an acidic aqueous solution containing dissolved copper and iron ions with a solvent extraction composition including an orthohydroxyaryloxime, a selectivity modifier, and an equilibrium modifier, wherein the ratio of selectivity modifier to orthohydroxyaryloxime is from 0.001 to 0.05, thereby decreasing the copper:iron transfer ratio, are provided herein.

Abstract: The oxine ligands 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquiniline and 5-sulfoxyl-8-hydroxyquinoline are covalently bound, using, for example, the Mannich reaction, to a silica gel polyamine composite made from a silanized amorphous silica xerogel and polyallylamine. The resulting modified composites, termed CB-1 (X?Cl) and SB-1 (X?SO3H), respectively, show a clear selectivity for trivalent over divalent ions and selectivity for gallium over aluminum. The compounds of the invention can be applied for the sequestration of metals, such as heavy metals, from contaminated mine tailing leachates.

Abstract: In pretreating a pyridine ring-containing chelate resin which is used in the step for adsorption and collection of a heavy metal ion and a bromide ion derived from a catalyst from the oxidation reaction mother liquid in the process of producing an aromatic carboxylic acid, there may occur phenomena such as swelling of the resin, heat generation of the resin, and air bubbles generation, thereby causing fracture and deterioration of the resin. As a first treatment, Br? conversion, under a certain condition, of a pyridine ring-containing chelate resin with an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid is performed, and then as a second treatment, replacement with acetic acid solvent is performed, thereby making it possible to prevent fracture and deterioration of the resin.

Abstract: The instant invention generally provides a process of making a polymer nanocomposite by compounding an organoclay and a melt of a polymer in the presence of water. The instant invention also provides a polymer nanocomposite made by the process.

Abstract: A method of use and a composition with reduced formaldehyde and amine emissions. The composition contains an N-formal, an emission reducing additive, and monoethylene glycol. The emission reducing additive may be urea, a urea derivative, an amino acid, guanidine, or a guanidine derivative.

Abstract: Solvent extraction compositions having an orthohydroxyaryloxime extractant, an anti-degradation agent, and a water-immiscible organic solvent, processes for extracting a metal from an aqueous acidic solution using same, and methods of reducing degradation of such compositions are provided herein.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide absorbing solution capable of avoiding precipitation of a product formed by the reaction with carbon dioxide. The absorbing solution is an aqueous solution characterized by containing an amino acid salt comprising at least one carboxylic acid salt connected to a heterocyclic ring including at least one nitrogen atom as the ring member atom.

Abstract: A doped hydrogen storage material according to the general formula: Mgx By Mz Hn wherein: (i) the ratio of x/y is in the range of from 0.15 to 1.5; (ii) z is in the range of from 0.005 to 0.35; (iii) x+y+z equals 1; (iv) M=is one or more metals selected from the group of selected Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn; (v) n is no more than 4y; and wherein x/y does not equal 0.5 and at least part of the doped hydrogen storage material is amorphous. The doped hydrogen storage materials are used for storing hydrogen, and also disclosed is a method for reversibly desorbing and/or absorbing hydrogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing novel chromatography media and use thereof for purification of biomolecules, such as proteins. The chromatography media comprises shell beads having an inner porous core and an outer shell. The method comprises providing buffering ligands in the core of the beads, and providing binding ligands aimed for biomolecule binding in the outer shell of the beads. This method makes it possible to optimize binding properties and buffering properties independently of each other which is especially to advantageous for production of chromatofocusing media.

Abstract: A polyelectrolyte-coated particle, devices for using the particle, methods for using the particle for separating PCR reaction products and/or DNA sequencing reaction products, and compositions for coating the particle are provided.

Abstract: A method of recovering carbon dioxide, including bringing gas to be processed containing carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen into contact with the CO2-absorbing solution according to Claim 1 in an absorption column to form a CO2-rich solution; subsequently circulating the solution in a regeneration column to thermally release and recover CO2 and recirculating the absorbing solution as a CO2-poor solution inside the absorption column; and performing heat exchange between the solution being delivered from the absorption column to the regeneration column and the solution recirculated from the regeneration column to the absorption column, wherein an alkanolamine aqueous solution containing a silicone oil and/or an organosulfur compound represented by the Formula (A) or (B) is added to the solution inside the absorption column and/or the solution recirculated from the regeneration column to the absorption column to adjust the composition of the absorbing solution inside the absorption column so as to include the alkan

Abstract: A spherical hydrotalcite compound of the present invention is represented by Formula (1) below, having a hydrotalcite compound peak in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern, having a specific surface area of at least 30 m2/g but no greater than 200 m2/g measured by a BET method, and having a secondary particle size median diameter of at least 0.5 ?m but no greater than 6 ?m on a volume basis measured using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer. (MgxZn1-x)aAlb(OH)c(CO3)d.nH2O??(1) In Formula (1), a, b, c, and d are positive numbers, 0.5?x?1, 2a+3b?c?2d=0, and n denotes hydration number and is 0 or a positive number.

Abstract: An acidic gas absorbent having a high acidic gas absorption capacity, that is, a high acidic gas absorption amount and a high acidic gas absorption rate, an acidic gas absorption device, and a method for absorbing an acidic gas, are provided. An acidic gas absorbent containing an azabicyclo compound and a primary or secondary amine compound; an acidic gas absorbent containing a heteroaromatic ring compound and a primary or secondary amine compound; an acidic gas removal device using these acidic gas absorbents; and a method for removing an acidic gas are disclosed.

Abstract: A polyelectrolyte-coated particle, devices for using the particle, methods for using the particle for separating PCR reaction products and/or DNA sequencing reaction products, and compositions for coating the particle are provided.

Abstract: Sorbents for removal of mercury and other pollutants from gas streams, such as a flue gas stream from coal-fired utility plants, and methods for their manufacture and use are disclosed. Embodiments include brominated sorbent substrate particles having a carbon content of less than about 10%. Other embodiments include one or more oxidatively active halides of a nonoxidative metal dispersed on sorbent substrate particles mixed with activated carbon in an amount up to 30% by weight.

Abstract: Sprayable compositions for reducing particulates in the air are disclosed. In one embodiment, the composition includes an effective amount of a zwitterionic polymer, a compressed gas propellant, and an aqueous carrier. In some embodiments, the composition may be contained in a spray dispenser such as PET and comprises a mean particle size of about 20 ums to about 60 ums when the composition is sprayed from the dispenser. In some embodiments, the composition comprises a perfume mixture, a surfactant. The compositions of the present invention agglomerate particulates in the air upon contact thus reducing particulates in the air.

Abstract: Compositions for reducing particulates in the air are disclosed. In one embodiment, the composition includes a zwiterrionic polymer, a perfume ingredient, a surfactant, and an aqueous carrier. The compositions of the present invention agglomerate particulates in the air upon contact thus reducing particulates in the air.

Abstract: A soil stabilization composition is provided. The soil stabilization composition includes sulfuric acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, nonlyphenol90, and water. The soil stabilization composition is capable of changing the molecular charges of swelling clays to resist water absorption rather than to attract water due to the positive/negative charges related to them. This ionic exchange prevents the clay from swelling making the clay more stable to build on.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for recovering Li values from a sodium saturated brine. The process includes recovering Li values from a sodium saturated brine which contains LiX. The process includes concentrating the sodium saturated brine to at least 9000 mg/l LiX, passing the concentrated brine through a bed of polycrystalline hydrated alumina pellets until the pellets are loaded with LiX from the concentrated brine, displacing brine held-up in the bed by using concentrated NaX, unloading LiX from the pellets by flowing through the bed an aqueous solution of LiX which is not saturated, displacing the LiX from the bed using concentrated NaX, and repeating the steps at least one additional time to provide the Li values.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method for isolating a target nucleic acid from a sample comprising said target nucleic acid, comprising the steps of mixing a sample containing said target nucleic acid with a binding solution and a nucleic acid binding matrix, binding at least part of said target nucleic acid to said nucleic acid binding matrix, wherein said nucleic acid binding matrix is treated simultaneously or has been previously treated with at least one compound comprising a metal substance selected from the group consisting of metals of the main groups 13 to 16, semimetals and transition metals for reducing non-target nucleic acid contaminations or wherein said nucleic acid binding matrix is modified with hydrophobic groups. Furthermore, respective kits and reagents are provided with the teaching of the present invention.

Abstract: The atmosphere control composition according to the present invention is an atmosphere control composition for use in the culture of cells, which comprises (a) an ascorbic acid component, (b) water, (c) a porous carrier, (d) an aldehyde-removing agent, (e) a transition metal catalyst and/or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, wherein the aldehyde-removing agent comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of ethylene urea, urea, arginine, lysine hydrochloride and a polyallylamine. According to the present invention, the atmosphere control composition feasible for preventing the generation of aldehyde can be provided without affecting the oxygen absorption ability and the carbon dioxide generation ability thereof.

Abstract: A composition for removing mercaptan from a gas stream containing at least one acid gas in addition to a mercaptan, the composition comprising a physical and/or chemical solvent for H2S and an inclusion compound for the mercaptan. A process of treating gas stream using the composition. The inclusion compound is selected from the group consisting of, cyclodextrin, cryptand, calixarene, cucurbituril. The chemical solvent may be monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA, diisopropylamine (DIPA), diglycolamine (DGA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). Examples of useful physical solvents include cyclotetramethylene sulfone (sulfolane) and its derivatives, aliphatic acid amides, NMP (n-methylpyrrolidone), N-alkylated pyrrolidones and corresponding piperidone, methanol and mixtures of dialkethers of polyethylene glycols. The method copirses scrubbing preferably the natural gas with an aqueous solution comprising the above compounds followed by a stripping regeneration step.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions which are capable of sequestering calcium ions and are derived in part from renewable carbohydrate feedstocks. The calcium sequestering compositions are mixtures containing one or more hydroxycarboxylic acid salts, one or more oxoacid anion salts, and one or more citric acid salts.

Abstract: A process for capturing or concentrating microorganisms for detection or assay comprises (a) providing an adsorption buffer-modified inorganic concentration agent that is prepared by a process comprising (1) contacting at least one inorganic concentration agent with at least one cation-containing salt solution, so as to wet at least a portion of the inorganic concentration agent and (2) drying the resulting at least partially wet inorganic concentration agent; (b) providing a sample comprising at least one microorganism strain; and (c) contacting the adsorption buffer-modified inorganic concentration agent with the sample such that at least a portion of the at least one microorganism strain is bound to or captured by the adsorption buffer-modified inorganic concentration agent.

Abstract: A CO2 absorbent for exhaust gas capable of being repeatedly used in capturing and recycling of CO2 is provided. The CO2 absorbent for exhaust gas capturing CO2 included in exhaust gas is composed of solid materials including an active component at 5 to 70 wt %, a support at 5 to 70 wt %, an inorganic binder at 5 to 70 wt % and a recycling improver at 5 to 70 wt %. The CO2 absorbent for exhaust gas having such a composition meets the requirements for processes, including physical properties such as a spherical shape, an average particle size and size distribution, a tap density and attrition resistance, and has excellent CO2 absorbing capability and recycling capability. The carbon dioxide absorbent for exhaust gas satisfies physical characteristics such as spherical shape, average particle size and size distribution, tap density, attrition resistance and the like required for processes, and has excellent CO2 absorption and recycling capabilities.

Abstract: The invention provides systems, methods and kits for the separation and/or purification of at least two cellular components selected from genomic DNA, RNA and proteins. The method includes first lysing a biological sample to generate an aqueous solution containing the cellular components; then applying the aqueous solution to a first mineral support under conditions for genomic DNA to bind; and collecting the flowthrough which contains unbound total RNA and proteins. The method further includes applying the flowthrough to a second mineral support under conditions for RNA to bind, and collecting the flowthrough which contains proteins. The genomic DNA and total RNA bound can be eluted while the protein in the flowthrough can be further purified. Further the total RNA isolated could be used to isolate small RNA such as microRNA.

Abstract: A process for the production of low-temperature activated or partially activated partially decomposed organic matter for use as an ion-exchange medium comprising the steps of granulating partially decomposed moisture-bearing organic matter, drying the granules and activating the granules at a temperature of about 175-520° C., wherein the granule has a hardness and cation-exchange capacity suitable for a particular application desired.

Abstract: Crystals of [VOBDC](H2BDC)0.71 were synthesized hydrothemally. The guest acid molecules were removed by heating in air to give high quality single crystals of VOBDC. VOBDC was observed to show crystal-to-crystal transformations on absorption of the guest molecules aniline, thiophene and acetone from the liquid phase. Accurate structural data of the guest molecules and framework deformations were obtained from single crystal X-ray data. VOBDC was also shown to absorb selectively thiophene and dimethyl sulphide from methane.

Abstract: The present invention is related to formulations including one or more block copolymers with low polydispersity and bifunctionalized with amines, and an ionic liquid. A method of demulsifying, dehydrating, and desalting crude oils having API gravity ranging between 8 to 30 admixes the formulation with the crude oil in an amount effective to demulsify, dehydrate and/or desalt the crude oils.