Abstract: A polylaurolactam mold is being produced by that a laurolactam melting at first is being mixed with a catalyst and the mixture afterwards being compounded with an activator and polymerized, whereby the polymerizing material is being cast to threads or cords and the reduced material is being injection molded at temperatures of 430.degree. F. to 490.degree. F. and at pressures of 50.10.sup.5 to 100.10.sup.5 Pa, whereby, according to the invention, before the molding 0.1 to 5 wt. % silicon fat is added to the granules. The then resulting molded products, especially protective helmets and protective plates, are distinguished by superior physical properties.

Abstract: A staple-fiber band is made by first spinning synthetic-resin filaments with spinnerets and drawing the filaments as roving at a predetermined feed speed from the spinnerets. The roving is then cooled without greatly stretching it so it has relatively high residual stretch and is then stored. Without intermediate treatment the roving is heated to a predetermined temperature and then stretched it to a relatively small residual stretch. The stretched roving is then thermofixed and then stretch-torn. Finally it is textured. During the heating, thermofixing, stretch-tearing, and texturing steps the roving is held under tension so that its filaments cannot tangle. When the filaments are of polyester they are stretched at between 60.degree. C. and 120.degree. C. and thermofixed at a temperature that can be somewhat higher.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the formation of olefin-vinyl alcohol copolymer pellets which comprises mixing particles of the copolymer with water to obtain a wet cake containing about 20-70% solids by weight to thereby obtain a plasticized mass of the copolymer, thereafter extruding the copolymer at a temperature of about 5.degree.-7.degree. C. below the melting point of the mass through a nozzle to form a rod, and dividing the rod into individual pellets.

Abstract: The preparation of monolayer blown nylon films on equipment conventionally used in the manufacture of blown polyethylene film is facilitated by the intimate admixture of a minor proportion by weight of a random ethylene/ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer into the nylon resin composition from which said blown nylon film is to be manufactured.

Abstract: Synthetic polyester pulps are provided which are comprised of substantially fibrous fibrils made of a linear aromatic polyester, said fibrils (i) having branches at least in part thereof, (ii) being of an oriented crystalline structure, (iii) having cross-sectional shapes that have irregular and unusual contours, and (iv) exhibiting a freeness of from 50 to 700 cc. The fibrils preferably possess an average fiber diameter of smaller than about 10 microns and a fiber diameter variance of not larger than about 0.7.

Abstract: Feeding of molten plastic strands into a discharge trough. At its upper end the discharge trough includes a slidably movable segment that can be extended behind the fall line of the strands as they emerge from nozzles. In its operating position, the extended segment catches the strands, and can be moved into a fore-running or non-operating position permitting free passage of the strands at the side of the discharge trough. A separational element is associated with the movable segment. As the segment is moved through the fall line of the strands, the separational element acts upon the strands and effects the desired separation. The strands which enter the discharge trough are cooled and ultimately fed to a granulator.

Abstract: The pitch is extruded at a suitable temperature through cylindrical nozzles. At the exit from these nozzles the pitch is lowered into water, where a cutter divides it into granules which, deposited on a conveyer belt, remain immersed long enough to permit suitable cooling. Then they undergo drying by hot jets of air.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reclaiming a spew of hot melt thermoplastic material from an extruder head, in which granules of the termoplastic material are spread onto an endless conveyor belt to form a layer on the belt, the spew is fed from the extruder head onto the layer of granules, and both the spew and the granules are fed into a granulator.

Abstract: A water-wet polymer is extruded through a die plate. Free water formed by extruding action at the die plate is atomized and/or evaporated into an air stream. The die plate assembly discharges the rubber/moisture into a closely adjacent cone/funnel-receiver openly surrounding the die plate, and connecting to and discharging into a lesser diameter conveying tube. The die plate and surrounding funnel are enclosed by a chamber so that air, input tangentially into the enclosure, provides a swirling vortex air flow at the die plate assisting in severing and stripping rubber particles from the die plate.

Abstract: A composition comprising a chopped, bondable low friction yarn which is made by twisting together filaments of low friction material with filaments of bondable material and by impregnating the yarn with a bonding resin. A low friction bearing, and a process for manufacturing the same, involving the molding of bondable low friction yarn which has been chopped into small pieces, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Granulate-form agglomerates of pulverulent rubber chemicals having a maximum primary grain size of 500 .mu.m , an active substance content of at least 90% by weight and an assessment (a) in the intermixing test of at the most 1.5, (b) in the dust proportion test of at the most 10, (c) in the fine material proportion test of at the most 5 and (d) in the falling test of at the most 70, as well as a process for its production characterized in that the pulverulent rubber chemicals of a maximum primary grain size of 500 .mu.m are mixed with a moistening agent and/or a lubricant and are supplied to a double shaft screw granulator with forced conveyance, in which the spacing between the nozzle plate and the vertically cut screw ends is between 0 and 1.6 mm, whereby the compression ratio K.sub.D is between 1:6 and 1:1.

Abstract: The organic substance present in the form of a melt is cooled below its solidification point in a twin-screw extruder so that it crystallizes out. The crystallized material is then extruded through a breaker plate at the end of the screw extruder and further cooled. It is essential that the temperature prevailing in the screw extruder, its rotational speed and the temperature of the breaker plate should be adjusted such that from 70% to 99.5% and preferably from 95 to 99.5% of the material has solidified by the time it reaches the end of the screw, the non-crystallized liquid residue only crystallizing out during the subsequent cooling operation. Accordingly, a small residue of melt is present during extrusion through the breaker plate. In addition, extrusion is facilitated if the breaker plate is kept at a temperature in the vicinity of the melting point of the material in question.

Abstract: An unmanned pelletizing device for plastic material for preventing the breakage of strands of the plastic material formed between a cooling roll and a pinch roll. The cooling roll is partially submerged in a tank of cooling water. A cutter includes a fixed knife having a plurality of grooves formed therein for registration with the plastic strands.

Abstract: Uniform pellets of thermoplastic material are formed by centrifugally expressing strands of heated material from orifices on the rim of a hollow rotor and severing the strands with a linearly moving endless blade at a selected radial distance from the rim. The severed pellets pass in a tangential path through a cooling spray at the entrance to a pellet outlet duct. The severing blade is mounted on a bracket for movement to and from the severing position and for adjustment radially and circumferentially of the rotor axis. Two blade assemblies are employed alternately so that blade replacement may be accomplished without interrupting operation. Downstream from the outlet duct an auxiliary knife-gate is employed adjacent a scrap duct and is movable from a severing position to a scrap duct closing position.

Abstract: A process for preparing thermoplastic piping for recovery of the thermoplastic in which the piping is cut into a continuous spiral ribbon with straightening of this ribbon to be without substantial curvature and cutting of the straightened ribbon into pieces. Preferably, the process produces pieces of thermoplastic of sufficiently small size to be suitable for feeding to an extruder. An apparatus for preparing thermoplastic piping for recovery of the thermoplastic which combines means for cutting the thermoplastic piping into a continuous spiral ribbon with means for straightening the spiral ribbon so that it is without substantial curvature and means for cutting the straightened ribbon into pieces.

Abstract: A novel pulp is provided comprised of fibrils of a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer which comprises recurring units which contain a 2,6-dioxyanthraquinone moiety. Materials comprised of thermotropic liquid crystal polymers which contain such a moiety are readily broken up to form a pulp comprised of fibrils which can be incorporated into a variety of articles such as papers.

Abstract: A pasty mix of granular grits, binder and filler is pressed through a sieve web by rolling action to form cylindrical, worm-like extrusions. After hardening in a heating duct the extrusions are subjected to the same action and thereby granular grit particles are formed each of which contains several grits.The apparatus for carrying out the method includes a sieve web which co-operates with a rotor having several freely rotatable rollers around its periphery.

Abstract: A process for forming sintered porous polymeric articles by the steps of sintering preforms of polymeric particles with dielectric heat, or with dielectric heat in combination with conventional heating techniques. Sintered porous polymeric articles made of rubber-modified nitrile resins in accordance with the foregoing processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for making a solid pharmaceutical and/or nutritional dosage form that is suitable for oral administration. A prescribed dosage of a pharmaceutical or active substance (including either or both of a vitamin and mineral) is mixed with a carrier or base material comprising cohesive lecithin granules or powder. The resulting combination is blended into a substantially homogeneous mixture having a plastic consistency that is characteristic of the lecithin. The mixture is then shaped into a desired solid form by a conventional technique, such as, for example, that including either extruding, molding, or rolling. The shaped form is then cut into a plurality of convenient, swallowable dosage units ready for packaging and distribution. The dosage units may be coated, so as to be provided with a finished appearance and resistance to moisture.

Abstract: Spherical carbon material or a spherical activated carbon is prepared from an admixture of pitch, amorphous carbon and a viscosity-controlling agent by the process comprising the step of heating and extruding the admixture into strings, cooling and cutting the string into fragments, introducing the fragments into hot water to obtain spherical particles of the admixture, removing the viscosity-controlling agent from the spherical particles, infusibilizing the spherical particles and carbonizing the spherical particles and further activating the carbonized spherical carbon particles.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a synthetic filling material comprising a plurality of filaments having a short fiber length and being bent in the form of a loop to be converged to one point and to be integrally bonded at the converged point. A filament bundle formed of a plurality of gathered filaments is inserted among filament bending members to bend the filament bundle zigzag and is heated to cut and bond on the top of the zigzag at one side thereof.

Abstract: An equilibrium melt from a standard hydrolytic or anionic polymerization of caprolactam is spun at a temperature between about 230.degree. and 270.degree. C. through a spinnerette, preferably one having a multiplicity of holes spaced from each other in an asymmetric arrangement, the spinning take-away speed being less than about 250 meters/minute. The molten strands of polycaprolactam are quenched in two phases: (1) gas at a temperature of less than 20.degree. C. is directed from a first entrance in a crosscurrent flow upon the face of the spinnerette and upon the molten polycaprolactam strands immediately adjacent thereto, and is exhausted adjacent to the back of the spinnerette; and (2) gas at a temperature of less than 20.degree. C. is directed in a countercurrent flow from a second entrance downstream from the first entrance with respect to the direction of movement of the polycaprolactam strands; whereby the surface temperature of the polycaprolactam strands is reduced to 30.degree.-70.degree. C.

Abstract: The processing of thermoplastic materials by working the thermoplastic materials into a hot flat sheet. The sheet material is first deformed or scored into a series of parallel strands that are interconnected by thin ribbons of the thermoplastic material thereby retaining integrity of the sheet material. The sheet material is then severed along the score line of the thin ribbons to form parallel strands which are cooled and guided to a fly cutter which cubes the strand material.

Abstract: A method of preparing oil-extended elastomer and shoe sole compound as an integral part of the anionic polymerization process for making elastomer is presented. The method eliminates the step of isolating the neat elastomer and of reheating the elastomer to compound it into the final product.

Abstract: Polyarylene ester compositions comprising an intimate admixture of polyarylene ester and up to about 10 weight percent of an elastomeric ethylene 1-alkene copolymer. The compositions possess greatly improved impact resistance and reduced notch sensitivity in comparison with the polyarylene ester and exhibit improved melt flow with minimal loss in flame retardance, heat distortion resistance and tensile properties. The compositions are useful as molding powders and sheet extrusion compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for treating the surface of cellulosic shaped products such as fibers, films filaments, yarns and the like, formed from a spinning dope of a solution of cellulose in amine oxide, by applying to the surface of the product a nonsolvent liquid that will reduce the solvent action of the amine oxide for cellulose at the surface of the product.

Abstract: In the process, the strands, which are spun as a fused mass, are initially drawn, then preferably stretched, crimped or textured, and converted into helical windings. The helical windings are laid down on an endless conveyor formed by two conveyor belts laterally spaced from each other. The laid down helical winding turns are then cut between the two endless conveyors to produce two substantially identical fiber lengths from each helical winding turn. The melt spinning of the strands may be effected at such a high speed that the drawing of the filaments or fibers can be omitted. The helical winding turns, prior to cutting thereof, may be subjected to at least one after-treatment. The apparatus includes a rotary distributor into which the crimped strands are supplied substantially axially for conversion into helical winding turns, and includes endless belts tangentially engaging the helical winding turns to move the same downwardly onto the spaced pair of endless conveyor belts.

Abstract: High surface-tack hot melt adhesives, when coated with certain powders, can be cut into small pieces with little difficulty after extrusion onto a cooling belt.

Abstract: A process for preparing electrostatographic toner particles having controlled particle size and size distribution is provided by forming a blend of a molten mass of polymer and a colorant, cooling and solidifying the blend in the form of a film or fiber thereof. The film or fiber is then passed through embossed or cutting rollers to enable fracture of the film or fiber into discrete particles having a size of between 1 micron and about 30 microns.

Abstract: A process for preparing electrostatographic toner particles having improved mechanical properties and controlled particle size and size distribution is provided through molecular orientation of glassy, brittle, semicrystalline, low molecular weight polymers. Molecular orientation results in more flexible polymers and greatly increases their yield stress, modulus and mechanical fatigue lifetime. The molecular orientation of these polymers is obtained by extrusion of fibers or films thereof.

Abstract: An extrusion process is disclosed wherein coolant under pressure is directed against the outer surface of a thermoplastic material being forced through an extrusion orifice such that at least a portion of the coolant immediately vaporizes and the resultant heat of vaporization required for such action is taken from the material immediately contacting such. The coolant is introduced into an intermediate zone downstream from an initial extrusion zone and the interface between such zones is insulated so as to restrict conductive heat transfer between such zones immediately adjacent thereto so as to prevent possible freeze ups of said material in the initial extrusion zone.

Abstract: Thermoplastic polymer particles are converted to pellets by depositing the powder onto a moving platform, melting the particles and transferring the melted polymer to a pelletizer.

Abstract: A quenching system for extrudates e.g. extruded laces consists of an inclined open ended trough along which water flows at a rate greater than the rate of extrusion to the laces. The laces may be fed to a lace-cutter either before or after being dried. The system may be arranged as a self-threading system.

Abstract: A carbon cathode structure is described comprising an aggregate of discrete, porous, semi-rigid carbon conglomerates which are impressed from both sides onto a screen-like substrate for physical support thereby. The substrate additionally functions as a current collector by uniformly and electrically contacting the interior of the resulting structure. Electrolyte-conducting channels formed between adjacent conglomerates of the thick, porous cathode structure serve to maximize the cell rate capability and cell discharge capacity.

Abstract: A pellet cooling system including a novel coolant cage construction and operational manner so as to insure the cooling of warm thermoplastic pellets as they emerge from a die head and are cut by rotating knives is disclosed. After cooling, as by entrainment in coolant flows simultaneously directed peripherally about the cage sides and radially across the front face thereof, the pellets are immediately withdrawn from the cage. Additionally, a feature of the coolant cage is the provision of a novel slinger for distributing a coolant flow evenly over its front face.

Abstract: Tissue absorbable synthetic polymeric fibers, such as polyglycolic acid, are felted to form a thin mat with at least one, and preferably both, surfaces compacted by contact with a heated embossing surface such as a hot roller. Porosity is reduced but the compacted felt retains its flexibility, and conforms readily to the surface of a bleeding wound to give effective rapid hemostasis. The hemostatic felt is conveniently but not necessarily allowed to remain in place during the healing process and is absorbed by living tissue.

Abstract: A process for flameproofing plastics comprising incorporating in the plastic a homogeneous granulate containing pulverulent red phosphorus with a particle size of up to about 100 microns and a binder; the granulate is more particularly comprised of a blend of10-97% by weight of red phosphorus,3-50% by weight of a binder melting between about 30.degree. and 180.degree. C. and being selected from waxes and/or waxy substances and/or metal soaps, and up to 87% by weight of addends promoting the flameproofing efficiency of the granulate, inhibiting the evolution of gaseous phosphines upon the incorporation of the granulate with the plastics, or being suitable fillers.

Abstract: An extrudate cutting device comprising(a) a frame means,(b) attachment means mounted on said frame means for attachment thereof to the extrusion end of an extruder,(c) second attachment means mounted on said frame means and adapted to receive a rotatable elongated cutting means and(d) elongated cutting means rotatably mounted on said second attachment means and a method of cutting extrudate into substantially identically sized sections, are disclosed.

Abstract: Loose fill foam plastic packing is prepared by extruding an expandable plastic composition to form an unfoamed or unexpanded strand which is subsequently cut into short lengths and foamed, the improvement which comprises extruding the strand through a generally helical passageway. The strand on foaming has a generally helical configuration.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for preparing fire retardant styrenic polymer molding compositions with improved impact strength which compositions contain a metal oxide and a halogenated fire retardant additive. The method comprises dispersing the metal oxide into a minor portion of the styrene polymer component using high intensity mixing and temperatures at or above the fusion temperature of the styrene polymer in order to obtain a uniform dispersion. The metal oxide-polystyrene dispersion is then blended with the other ingredients of the polyblend. The resulting blend is compounded at temperatures greater than 255.degree. C. and then comminuted to form a molding composition.

Abstract: A golf ball comprising a substantially spherical homogeneous molded mass of elastomer highly cross-linked into a three dimensional network with long, flexible cross-links formed from a metal-containing cross-linkable monomer, said comonomer simultaneously functioning at least in part as a filler, said mass exhibiting substantially isometric compression across any diameter. Advantageously the elastomer comprises polybutadiene and said metal-containing cross-linkable monomer comprises zinc dimethacrylate present in about 15 to 60 parts per 100 parts by weight of the polybutadiene. The composition may additionally contain a small amount of zinc oxide. By proper selection of the shape and make up of the slugs from which the balls are molded or by particular techniques, e.g. laboratory sheeting mills, balls can be produced which have a maximum difference in compression across different diameters of about 5 units.

Abstract: A process for preparing granular sorbic acid by adding water and/or a lower alkyl alcohol to powdery sorbic acid, kneading the resulting mixture under specific conditions to give a uniformly wetted powder, supplying the wetted powder to a screw type extruding machine, extruding the wetted powder through a perforated-cylinder die under specific conditions to give a vermicelli-like extrudate, and drying the extrudate. The obtained granules have sufficient rigidity and can be easily powdered by a mechanical action. When starch is added together with water and/or a lower alkyl alcohol, more rigid granules, but able to be easily powdered by a mechanical action such as agitation, are obtained.

Abstract: A process for preparing granular potassium sorbate by adding water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent to powdery potassium sorbate, kneading the resulting mixture under specific conditions to give a uniformly wetted powder, supplying the wetted powder to a screw type extruding machine, extruding the wetted powder through a perforated-cylinder die under specific conditions to give a vermicelli-like extrudate, and drying the extrudate.

Abstract: A method of preparing an antibiotic composition which imparts stability to the antibiotic when used in an animal feed.

Abstract: A vertical underwater type pelletizer-cutter apparatus utilizing a hydraulic suction force for pelletization of thermoplastic polymers comprising a nozzle portion having a plurality of nozzles through which a thermoplastic polymer in a melt state is extruded in strands, an injector portion having a plurality of injectors through which the strands are introduced with water, a cooling portion comprising a plurality of guide tubes through which the strands pass together with said water which cools and solidifies the same and a cutter portion which cuts the cooled and solidified strands into pellets, wherein means are provided for monitoring the pressure at the space in the upper part of the guide tube and for automatically stopping the extrusion of the thermoplastic polymer when the monitoring means detects an abnormal reduction in the pressure.

Abstract: A process for pelletizing sorptive mineral "fines" which includes adding sufficient moisture to the particles of sorptive material to occupy the pore space therein, compactly forming the moistened mineral in a pelletizing machine, then removing the pore moisture in a suitable dryer or kiln so that final pellets retain relatively the same absorbent capacity and bulk density as the original material.

Abstract: Shaped articles are produced by heating and compressing particles of foamed olefin polymer containing crosslinked portions in molds, the pressure being reduced during compression in the mold.

Abstract: A process for the production of a multifilament textured yarn by melt-spinning different polymers (for example a polyamide and a polyester) or copolymers (for example copolymers of nylon-6 and nylon-6,6) to form a highly preoriented multifilament yarn at substantially the same draw-off rate for all the constituent filaments of the yarn, followed by stretching under substantially the same stretching conditions for all the constituent filaments of the yarn, the stretching ratio lying above the elastic limit of at least one of the spun polymers and the preorientation of the freshly spun filaments being sufficient to provide a maximum stretching ratio available in the stretching stage of not more than 1:2.5, i.e. not more than 2.5 times the unstretched or spun length of filaments. Yarns are produced which may have the appearance of texturized continuous multifilament yarns or crimped staple fiber yarns.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing deuterium targets or pellets of 25.mu. to 75.mu. diameter. The pellets are sliced from a continuously spun solid deuterium thread at a rate of up to 10 pellets/second. The pellets after being sliced from the continuous thread of deuterium are collimated and directed to a point of use, such as a laser activated combustion or explosion chamber wherein the pellets are imploded by laser energy or laser produced target plasmas for neutral beam injection.

Abstract: A process is described for the isolation, in a solid state, of polyimides particularly those prepared by interaction of a polyisocyanate and a polycarboxylic anhydride in an organic solvent. A solution of the polyimide is passed into water preferably in the form of droplets or as extruded thin strands. The droplets or strands can be chopped, ground or otherwise comminuted after solidification. The process is particularly applicable to the isolation of solvent-soluble polyimides prepared by reaction of benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride with a mixture of methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) and toluene diisocyanate.