Abstract: A tissue embedding cassette has a box defining an inner cavity. A shield has a transparent plate body, the shield for being applied against a surface of the box. Complementary connectors for the shield to be held against the surface of the box. An assembly for a tissue embedding cassette of the type having a box defining an inner cavity may include a lid adapted to be operatively connected to the box, the lid opening and closing access to the inner cavity of the box. A shield has a transparent plate body, the shield configured for being applied against a surface of the box. Complementary connectors on the lid and/or the shield, for the shield to be held against the surface of the box.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of low temperature co-fireable scheelite materials which can be used in combination with high dielectric materials, such as nickel zinc ferrite, to form composite structures, in particular for isolators and circulators for radiofrequency components. In some embodiments, the scheelite material can include aluminum oxide for temperature expansion regulation.

Abstract: A device for containing and measuring a biological tissue specimen includes a tissue cassette with a ruler or metric device etched, printed, embossed, or designed into the cassette body. The device facilitates the measuring of a tissue specimen accurately, while reducing fatigue or contamination of the tissue sample.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing stone inlay tesserae for forming a mosaic pattern surface, the method comprises the steps of: providing at least one core made from a natural stone material; providing a mold having an internal surface that defines an internal cavity for accommodating the at least one core, the internal cavity has a volume larger than that of the at least one core, such that an internal space is formed between the internal surface of the mold and the at least one core when the at least one core is placed within the mold; adding a molding composite into the mold to fill the internal space; solidifying the molding composite, thereby forming a hybrid tessera column comprising a stone inlay and an external layer seamlessly around the at least one core; demolding the hybrid tessera column from the mold; and cutting the hybrid tessera column into a plurality of stone inlay tesserae.

Abstract: The invention relates to a 2D printing method on a 3D printing support, consisting of forming a printing support comprised of a plurality of colored fibers that follow a printing pattern, which once joined and shaped into a block, can be transversally cut, thereby obtaining printed sheets according to said printing pattern. The invention further relates to the printing support, comprised of a block (1), wherein in one embodiment same is composed of a plurality of hollow tubes (2) having a cavity that can be filled with a coloring means and in another embodiment same is composed of solid tubes. After the coloring means hardens and the block (1) solidifies, the latter can be transversally cut parallel to the printing face (4) into a plurality of strips (5) that will depend on the required volume of advertising signs, posters or banners, among others.

Abstract: A method of producing a heat conductive sheet includes: a step (A) of dispersing a fibrous filler and a spherical filler in a binder resin to prepare a heat conductive sheet-forming composition; a step (B) of forming a molded block using the prepared heat conductive sheet-forming composition; a step (C) of slicing the formed molded block to a desired thickness to form a sheet; and a step (D) of pressing the sliced surface of the formed sheet, the sliced surface being pressed such that the thermal resistance value of the sheet after pressing becomes lower than the thermal resistance value of the sheet before pressing.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a metal-wire-based method for making an integrated ingot, which basically comprises a dielectric matrix and a patterned array of metal wires, and may further comprise other additive elements at desired locations. After sawing the integrated ingot into slices, a plurality of substrates containing through substrate metal pillars and other additive elements at desired locations are produced in a batch way. The metal-wire-based method comprises the key steps: forming a patterned array of metal wires, precisely integrating other additive elements at desired locations when needed, forming a solid dielectric material in the empty space among and around metal wires and other additive elements. Furthermore, a guidance metal wire method is described for precisely integrating other additive elements at desired locations in a patterned array of metal wires.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing track membranes by penetration of working substances into and through the membrane matrix of polymer material is disclosed. The matrix is placed into holder that is inserted into one end of a tubular shell, the other end of which contains a cartridge with an explosive material and a working substance in the form of a supersaturated solution of a water-soluble salt. When the explosive material is detonated, the particles of the water-soluble salt interact with the matrix in the form of a high-speed jet with the velocity of particles in the range of 3800 to 4200 m/sec. As a result of penetrating of the particles into and through the material of the matrix, a plurality of holes is formed in the matrix. The track membranes are produced by slicing the membrane matrix after removal of the residue of the particles by washing the pierced membrane with water.

Abstract: (Problem) In conventional method for producing artificial graphite, in order to obtain a product having excellent crystallinity, it was necessary to mold a filler and a binder and then repeat impregnation, carbonization and graphitization, and since carbonization and graphitization proceeded by a solid phase reaction, a period of time of as long as 2 to 3 months was required for the production and cost was high and further, a large size structure in the shape of column and cylinder could not be produced. In addition, nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber and carbon nanohorn could not be produced.

Abstract: A thermally conductive sheet has cut surfaces with low surface roughness and hence shows reduced thermal resistance at the interfaces, and high thermal conductivity in the thickness direction. Thus, the thermally conductive sheet can be interposed between any of various heat sources and a radiation member. The process for producing the thermally conductive sheet includes at least: an extrusion molding step in which a thermally conductive composition containing a polymer, an anisotropic thermally conductive filler, and a filler is extruded with an extruder to thereby mold an extrusion-molded product in which the anisotropic thermally conductive filler has been oriented along the extrusion direction; a curing step in which the extrusion-molded product is cured to obtain a cured object; and a slicing step in which the cured object is sliced into a given thickness with an ultrasonic cutter in the direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

Abstract: Provided is a hybrid silicon wafer in which molten state polycrystalline silicon and solid state single-crystal silicon are mutually integrated, comprising fine crystals having an average crystal grain size of 8 mm or less at a polycrystalline portion within 10 mm from a boundary with a single-crystal portion. Additionally provided is a method of manufacturing a hybrid silicon wafer, wherein a columnar single-crystal silicon ingot is sent in a mold in advance, molten silicon is cast around and integrated with the single-crystal ingot to prepare an ingot complex of single-crystal silicon and polycrystalline silicon, and a wafer shape is cut out therefrom. The provided hybrid silicon wafer comprises the functions of both a polycrystalline silicon wafer and a single-crystal wafer.

Abstract: A concrete tile and method of making a concrete tile are described. The tile is made by the process of (i) creating a concrete mixture including Portland cement, preferably a pozzolanic glass powder from post-consumer recycled glass which is used as a partial replacement for the Portland cement, and an aggregate, (ii) forming the mixture under vibration and compaction in an elongate mold form having a height, a depth and a width, (iii) curing the molded concrete block, and (iv) cutting the cured block parallel to its height and depth, and transverse to its width to form tiles sliced from the block, with first and second parallel faces and a thickness extending between the faces. The tiles are cut to a thickness of between ¼ and ¾ inch. The resulting tile is uniform in material properties throughout its construction, and is particularly suitable for use on walls and floors.

Abstract: A tie manufacturing method includes steps of: mixing materials of polymer material, calcium carbon compound and filling; further mixing the mixture of the materials and an additive with each other as compositions of the tie and feeding the mixture of the compositions of the tie into an extruder for extruding the mixture; forming an elastic structure body from the extruded compositions of the tie; and cutting the elastic structure body to form the tie products. The materials of the ties can be uninterruptedly supplied and formed and directly cut into elastic tie products. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost is lowered and the production rate is increased. Moreover, the tie can be more conveniently and diversely used.

Abstract: Provided is a hybrid silicon wafer in which molten state polycrystalline silicon and solid state single-crystal silicon are mutually integrated, comprising fine crystals having an average crystal grain size of 8 mm or less at a polycrystalline portion within 10 mm from a boundary with a single-crystal portion. Additionally provided is a method of manufacturing a hybrid silicon wafer, wherein a columnar single-crystal silicon ingot is sent in a mold in advance, molten silicon is cast around and integrated with the single-crystal ingot to prepare an ingot complex of single-crystal silicon and polycrystalline silicon, and a wafer shape is cut out therefrom. The provided hybrid silicon wafer comprises the functions of both a polycrystalline silicon wafer and a single-crystal wafer.

Abstract: A cassette changing device for a microtome has a housing having a loading opening, a transfer opening and an unloading opening. The openings are arranged with respect to each other linearly in the housing. A slide is disposed in the housing linearly movably between a first position and a second position and has a first receiving compartment and a second receiving compartment. The first and second compartments are aligned with respect to each other so that, in the first position of the slide, the first compartment and the second compartment are respectively aligned with a first two of the openings and, in the second position of the slide, the first compartment and the second compartment are respectively aligned with a second two of the openings.

Abstract: A tetrazolium bromide dye, e.g., 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), to be used as a high dose solution dosimeter is disclosed. The dose response of MTT solution dosimeter increases strongly with increase of absorbed dose up to 1 kGy. In order to increase the dose range and for ease of handling the present dosimeter as routine dosimeter, MTT-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film dosimeter is used. The dose response of MTT-PVA film dosimeters increases strongly with increase of absorbed dose up to 25 kGy. Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as a polymer for making a film provides more stability at higher temperatures and humidity levels and less calibration is required. The dose response of MTT-PVB film dosimeters is effective with absorbed dose of up to 100 kGy.

Abstract: A thermal spreading device disposable between electronic circuitry and a heat sink includes a substrate having parallel first and second faces and conduits extending through the substrate between the faces. The substrate material has a first thermal conductivity value in a direction parallel to the faces and a second thermal conductivity value in a direction normal to the faces, with the second thermal conductivity value being less than the first thermal conductivity value. The conduit material has a thermal conductivity value associated with it, with the thermal conductivity value being greater than the second thermal conductivity value of the substrate. One method of fabricating the thermal spreading device includes disposing a molding material radially about the rods and hardening the material. Other methods include press fitting and shrink fitting the rods into a substrate material.

Abstract: A thermal spreading device disposable between electronic circuitry and a heat sink includes a substrate having parallel first and second faces and conduits extending through the substrate between the faces. The substrate material has a first thermal conductivity value in a direction parallel to the faces and a second thermal conductivity value in a direction normal to the faces, with the second thermal conductivity value being less than the first thermal conductivity value. The conduit material has a thermal conductivity value associated with it, with the thermal conductivity value being greater than the second thermal conductivity value of the substrate. One method of fabricating the thermal spreading device includes disposing a molding material radially about the rods and hardening the material. Other methods include press fitting and shrink fitting the rods into a substrate material.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing panel units may include applying a cover tape to a surface of a panel in such a way as to substantially extend along a periphery of the panel. An extrusion molding die may be moved relative to the panel in such a way that the extrusion molding die moves along the periphery of the panel while at least partially contacting the cover tape applied to the panel. At the same time, a molten molding material may be extruded from the extrusion molding die, thereby integrally forming a molded article on the periphery of the panel. The cover tape may be then removed from the surface of the panel in order to produce a panel unit having the molded article disposed along the periphery of the panel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a formulation for consistently producing a silicone hydrogel material having relatively high oxygen permeability, relatively high ion permeability, and low modulus, and contact lenses prepared from a formulation of the invention or made of a silicone hydrogel material of the invention.

Abstract: A method for making a composite magnetic-dielectric disc assembly includes forming a dielectric ceramic cylinder, forming a magnetic ceramic rod, assembling the magnetic ceramic rod coaxially inside the dielectric ceramic cylinder to form a rod-and-cylinder assembly, kilning (firing) the rod-and-cylinder assembly, slicing the rod-and-cylinder assembly to form a plurality of composite magnetic-dielectric disc-shaped assemblies. The magnetic-dielectric disc assemblies can be used in manufacturing, for example, circulators, isolators or similar electronic components. Accordingly, the method for making the disc assemblies can be included as part of a method for making such electronic components.

Abstract: A cassette changing device for a microtome has a housing having a loading opening, a transfer opening and an unloading opening. The openings are arranged with respect to each other linearly in the housing. A slide is disposed in the housing linearly movably between a first position and a second position and has a first receiving compartment and a second receiving compartment. The first and second compartments are aligned with respect to each other so that, in the first position of the slide, the first compartment and the second compartment are respectively aligned with a first two of the openings and, in the second position of the slide, the first compartment and the second compartment are respectively aligned with a second two of the openings.

Abstract: A thermal spreading device disposable between electronic circuitry and a heat sink includes a substrate having parallel first and second faces and conduits extending through the substrate between the faces. The substrate material has a first thermal conductivity value in a direction parallel to the faces and a second thermal conductivity value in a direction normal to the faces, with the second thermal conductivity value being less than the first thermal conductivity value. The conduit material has a thermal conductivity value associated with it, with the thermal conductivity value being greater than the second thermal conductivity value of the substrate. One method of fabricating the thermal spreading device includes disposing a molding material radially about the rods and hardening the material. Other methods include press fitting and shrink fitting the rods into a substrate material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composite film comprising an organic polymer film; the organic polymer film having an elastic modulus of less than or equal to about 105 gigapascals when measured at room temperature; and a bundle of carbon fibers disposed in the organic polymer film; each bundle comprising a column and an end face; each bundle also having a longitudinal axis that is substantially parallel to the column and passes through the center of the column; the end face being fibrillated so as to have a surface area measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis that is about 110 to about 250% greater than the surface area of a cross-section of the carbon fiber measured at the column.

Abstract: The present invention includes a coating. The coating includes flyash in a concentration of 25 to 70 percent by weight; Portland cement; silica; and a curing agent. The coating optionally includes one or more of chopped nylon fiber; styrene; and, rubber.

Abstract: A process for producing patterned elastic sheetings comprises the steps of providing a pair of press rollers having opposite press surfaces respectively formed with at least one protrusion and one indentation, providing a laminate having at least two elastic sheet layers and one interface, placing the laminate between the rollers and causing the protrusion to press the laminate into the indentation so as to deform the laminate until the interface is deformed, cutting the laminate along a cutting plane that passes between the rollers and that passes through the laminate to divide the laminate into two parts, and causing the laminate to exit from the rollers to return the laminate to a non-deformed state. The interface deforms in a direction transverse to the cutting plane, and a pattern is formed in the laminate on two sides of the cutting plane after the laminate exits.

Abstract: A method for making wallboard or backerboard sheets which are relatively lightweight, strong, and which have good fire resistance, thermal insulation, and sound absorbing properties includes forming core material having opposing first and second major surfaces and comprising aerated concrete, securing at least one face layer on at least one of the first and second major surfaces of the core material, and cutting the core material and at least one face layer secured thereto into a plurality of wallboard or backerboard sheets. The provision of aerated concrete for the core provides many key advantages over conventional gypsum wallboard sheets, and/or conventional backerboard sheets, such as gypsum greenboard or cementitious backerboard, for example. In one class of embodiments, the method may further include curing the core material prior to securing the at least one face layer thereto. In another class, the method may further include curing the core material after securing the at least one face layer thereto.

Abstract: A method of obtaining a module including at least one inductive winding made up of one or more conductive tracks on a printed circuit film support on which the tracks form turns which are combined to form a winding or a plurality of parallel and/or coaxial windings.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a friction member used for a vibration wave driving apparatus including a vibration member, a contact member which is brought into frictional contact with the vibration member and relatively moved by vibrations produced in the vibration member, and the friction member formed on one of friction portions of the vibration member and contact member, a molded member is formed by compression molding of a fluoroplastic powder and an additive, a sintered member is formed by sintering the molded member, a sheet is formed by cutting the sintered member in the form of a sheet, and a modified layer formed by cutting is removed from the friction surface of the sheet.

Abstract: A combination book binding machine with a plastic coil forming machine, whereby a plastic spiral coil is formed at a first raised temperature, then cut to a length sufficient for the plastic spiral coil to bind a book, cooled and then advanced toward a receiving coil conveyor of a coil binding machine, for binding the book with a plastic coil at the lowered cooled temperature. The binding machine and method for spirally binding a sheaf of papers into a book uses an adjustable speed drive to rotate the cooled flexible plastic spiral coil into respective holes in the book. The book has a plurality of holes in a row adjacent one edge of the book to receive the leading edge of the plastic spiral binding coils. A cylindrically shaped mandrel is spaced apart from a glidable block. The plastic pre-formed spiral binding coil is fed onto the mandrel from the distal end thereof, with the leading edge of the binding element facing and spaced apart from the book.

Abstract: A system for making wallboard or backerboard sheets may include a mixer for mixing materials for making aerated concrete, at least one face layer supply, and a former downstream from the mixer. The former is for forming core material having opposing first and second major surfaces and comprising aerated concrete, and for securing at least one face layer from the at least one face layer supply onto at least one of the first and second major surfaces of the core material. The system may also include a cutter downstream from the former for cutting the core material and at least one face layer secured thereto into a plurality of wallboard or backerboard sheets. The provision of aerated concrete for the core provides many key advantages over conventional gypsum wallboard sheets, and/or conventional backerboard sheets, such as gypsum greenboard or cementitious backerboard, for example.

Abstract: A method for making wallboard or backerboard sheets which are relatively lightweight, strong, and which have good fire resistance, thermal insulation, and sound absorbing properties includes forming core material having opposing first and second major surfaces and comprising aerated concrete, securing at least one face layer on at least one of the first and second major surfaces of the core material, and cutting the core material and at least one face layer secured thereto into a plurality of wallboard or backerboard sheets. The provision of aerated concrete for the core provides many key advantages over conventional gypsum wallboard sheets, and/or conventional backerboard sheets, such as gypsum greenboard or cementitious backerboard, for example. In one class of embodiments, the method may further include curing the core material prior to securing the at least one face layer thereto. In another class, the method may further include curing the core material after securing the at least one face layer thereto.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) article dissolves gas into solidifiable material, and reduces pressure on the solidifiable material to form gas bubbles therein while solidifying the solidifiable material to make a matrix with voids therein. The gas bubbles are preferably formed to define voids interconnected with adjacent voids to thereby define a porous matrix. The porous matrix ensures uniform distribution of the CMP slurry for greater polishing uniformity. The method produces a CMP pad, for example, with very uniform porosity throughout its thickness so that polishing remains uniform as the pad is consumed in use. The gas and the solidifiable material may preferably be non-reactive with one another. The gas may comprise at least one inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon, for example. The solidifiable material may be a polymer-forming liquid and at least one of a curing and cross-linking agent mixed therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides an integral net having a lattice of polymeric material defined by holes traversing the integral net from one surface to the other. The present invention also provides a method for producing an embossed sheet of polymeric material by first contacting a billet of polymeric material with an embossing tool having a plurality of protrusions whereby the embossing tool impresses indentations into the billet to a given depth. Subsequently, the method involves skiving the embossed billet. By this method, an embossed sheet of the polymeric material is removed from the billet, which embossed sheet can be an integral net.

Abstract: A method for producing a polymeric foamed material panel including the steps of providing a polymeric foamed material; and cutting (e.g. hot wire cutting) the polymeric foamed material until reaching a preconfiguration cut point. The method further includes cutting subsequently from the preconfiguration cut point a brace-receiving configuration in the polymeric foamed material; and sliding a brace member into the brace-receiving configuration to produce a polymeric foamed material panel. A method for forming a structure comprising engaging together a pair of polymeric foamed material panels produced in accordance with the method for producing a polymeric foamed material panel. A polymeric foamed material panel comprising a panel consisting of a polymeric foamed material, and a brace-receiving-configured slot disposed in the polymeric foamed material of the panel. A brace member is disposed in the brace-receiving-configured slot in the polymeric foamed material of the panel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for constructing a three-dimensional object. There is provided a lamination unit for holding and pressing a block of material, a slicing unit for cutting the block to form a horizontal layer having a first working surface and a cut block having a second working surface; a profiling means for profiling at least one of the working surfaces into at least one planar element; and an electronic means for receiving XYZ information corresponding to the shape of the object, for processing the XYZ information into a plurality of computerized cross-sectional representations of the shape and for controlling the operation of the lamination means, the slicing means, and the profiling means.

Abstract: A specimen processing method and cassette utilizes an open-topped, perforated collection cradle (12) and a flat, perforated embedding pedestal (10) which snap together in a male/female relationship to enclose and orient a specimen (14) during chemical processing. After chemical processing, the embedding pedestal (10) enables a specimen to be embedded in exactly the same plane as the cutting plane of a microtome during sectioning. This minimizes the number of sections required for histologic evaluation and eliminates the need for mechanical handling of the tissue specimen after its initial collection.

Abstract: A method for producing a polymeric foamed material panel including the steps of providing a polymeric foamed material; and cutting (e.g. hot wire cutting) the polymeric foamed material until reaching a preconfiguration cut point. The method further includes cutting subsequently from the preconfiguration cut point a brace-receiving configuration in the polymeric foamed material; and sliding a brace member into the brace-receiving configuration to produce a polymeric foamed material panel. A method for forming a structure comprising engaging together a pair of polymeric foamed material panels produced in accordance with the method for producing a polymeric foamed material panel. A polymeric foamed material panel comprising a panel consisting of a polymeric foamed material, and a brace-receiving-configured slot disposed in the polymeric foamed material of the panel. A brace member is disposed in the brace-receiving-configured slot in the polymeric foamed material of the panel.

Abstract: A method for producing a polymeric foamed material panel including the steps of providing a polymeric foamed material; and cutting (e.g. hot wire cutting) the polymeric foamed material until reaching a preconfiguration cut point. The method further includes cutting subsequently from the preconfiguration cut point a brace-receiving configuration in the polymeric foamed material; and sliding a brace member into the brace-receiving configuration to produce a polymeric foamed material panel.

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of a base board for printed wiring. The process involves the steps of wrapping a block inorganic continuous porous material with a cloth, impregnating the wrapped block inorganic continuous porous material with a thermosetting resin under reduced pressure, curing the thermosetting resin to form a composite material, and slicing the composite material into base boards having a thickness of 0.2 to 2 mm and a thickness allowance of .+-.5 .mu.

Abstract: An inexpensive, durable, and easily applied roofing material for commercial establishments prepared from waste and used tires, wherein the tires are shredded into small particle size, and thence uniquely compacted into large log-like article of substantial size and weight, as on the order of 2,000 pound and four feet in length. The logs are cut in a peeling manner to form wound up rolls of thin rubber tire sheeting, which are then cut and laid as roofing. Sealant applied over the roofing ensures waterproofing, enhances ultraviolet ray protection, adds to overall fire resistance, and helps to prevent leakage at the sheeting joints.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of collagen foams in the form of continuous tapes, characterized in thata) solved or dispersed collagen is cast into disk molds,b) the collagen solution or dispersion is frozen in the disk mold and subsequently is freeze-driedc) continuous tapes are produced from the freeze-dried disks by mechanical processes. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of said tapes so obtained in medicine, cosmetic and hygiene.

Abstract: A concrete form molding is formed of a molding body of closed cell extruded polystyrene material. The molding body includes at least one molding face comprising an extruded molding face formed in the polystyrene material extrusion process. The concrete form molding may also include one or more cut molding faces that are formed after the material is extruded. Each cut molding face is also made up of substantially all closed polystyrene cells. The apparatus of the invention includes an arrangement for precisely supporting a sheet of closed cell extruded polystyrene material vertically and horizontally with respect to a series of laterally spaced apart forming elements. The apparatus also includes structure for advancing the sheet through the forming elements so that the forming elements make contact with the polystyrene material and melt the material. The molten polystyrene material closes substantially all of the cells intersected by the forming elements to form the cut molding faces.

Abstract: A process of molding multi-durometer footwear soles which includes forming elongated components from compression moldable compounds, each component having a different hardness (Shore A). The components are configured and dimensioned such that the softer component will be positioned on top of and within the configuration of the bottom, harder component. The assembled components are placed in a compression mold and covulcanized together.

Abstract: A high performance ski base material is made of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene having a molecular weight of at least 500,000. After heating, quenching and light tensioning operations, this material exhibits low crystallinity and high transparency characteristics. Such material is ideal for professional high speed skis because of its excellent wax retention quality. The invented ski base material is ideally suited for product-identity purposes because of its outstanding ability to clearly reveal detailed inscriptions placed on the running surface of a ski board.

Abstract: A method for surface modification of a fluorine resin by irradiating the surface of the fluorine resin containing a heat-resistant light-absorbing polymeric material and/or a light-absorbing material is with laser light. Surface properties of the fluorine resin molded articles, particularly adhesion and wetting properties, can be greatly improved by a simple operation with high efficiency.

Abstract: A method for preparing cross-sections of yarn samples along the plane perpendicular to the yarn's longitudinal axis is disclosed. This method involves the steps of passing the yarn through a hollow capsule so that the axes of the yarn and the capsule are aligned in parallel, tensioning the yarn to remove any crimp, forming a solid stub inside the capsule to fix the position of the tensioned yarn, and then cross-sectioning the stub perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: In a method for the production of cylindrically symmetric bodies with given radial gradient of the material properties, for example of the refractive index, at least two rod-shaped molded bodies consisting of materials with different properties are joined in parallel and, following lowering of the viscosity of both materials, the bodies are twisted many times in a spiral around a longitudinal axis, such that a desired radial gradient of the material properties arises, where metallic, semiconducting, or insulating materials may be used, and the viscosity is varied through changing the temperature or adding or removing a solvent.

Abstract: An identification marker (17) is described for use in permanently identifying an individual histology sample (21), the marker including columnar indicia (18) mounted on a base (19) having a location flange (20). A specially adapted cassette having a slot (16) to receive the identification marker is described together with apparatus and method for moulding the indicia in a protein such as agar agar. The use of the identification marker is described firstly mounted in the cassette (11) during treatment of the sample (21) and later mounted beneath the cassette (11) in the slot (16) for wax embedding of the sample and identification marker. The marker (17) is sectioned simultaneously with the tissue sample (21) by means of a microtome (31), each section taken being identified by a section through the identification marker embedded alongside the sample.

Abstract: An apparatus for making tapered plastic shingles including a conveyor for moving a block of plastic shingle material along a linear path and at least one heated wire extending transversely across the path to cut the block into two or more tapered shingle slabs. The shingle slabs are thereafter cut to form shingles or slotted to resemble individual shingles of desired widths. One end of the wire is adapted to be adjusted vertically to selectively vary the acute angle of the wire relative to the horizontal plane to thus vary shingle taper. A mechanism is also provided for continuously reciprocating the wire vertically to impart a textured surface to opposed, cut surfaces of the shingle slabs.