Abstract: A glosser, and method of glossing, includes a belt-type glosser in which resin-coated web or sheet material is pressed or molded against a casting surface of the belt under heat and pressure, and is thereafter removed. A matte surface is provided by forming a non-locking grooved pattern on the casting surface of the belt in the form of a diffraction grating. The grating configuration is formed with a series of lands, separated by grooves or depressions, in which the side walls of the depressions are tapered to provide a valley narrower at the bottom than at the top adjacent the land surfaces so as to be free of resin-trapping overhanging projections or portions. The spacing between the grooves may be randomized.

Abstract: A method for producing dental copings using a vacuum tray permits the making of a large number of copings simultaneously using a single sheet of plastic material. Vacuum is applied to the perforated bottom of a box-like tray partially filled with a die retaining medium such as lead shot. Dies are held in position by being embedded in the lead shot and extending above the lead shot. A frame holds a sheet of heat-softenable plastic material, which is heated from above. The frame is lowered onto the shot-containing tray and the vacuum draws the heat-softened plastic material down over the field of dies, producing copings on all the dies simultaneously.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying the graphic and alphanumeric data of the type utilizing pixel matrix panels with an outside light source. The method comprises reflecting the outside light on a preselected colored surface, rotatably housed within each matrix pixel.Every pixel comprises a cylindrical container (1) having a transparent non-flat cap (3) at one of bases, the other base being missing. The container (1) houses a radiation deflector (5) and a hollow cylinder (7) having two or more reflecting areas (10), differently colored, located on its lateral surface (9).An external light radiation enters the container through the cap (3), is deflected by the deflector (5) and is reflected by one of the reflecting areas to be again deflected and directed to the outside.The hollow cylinder (7) is operated by an electromagnetic control so as to alternatively present to the deflected radiation a preselected colored area.

Abstract: A new technique and apparatus for printing that includes the formation of a hologram, or other type of diffraction pattern, directly on a desired end product of paper, or other sheet material. The hologram, or other diffraction pattern, is formed by casting a surface relief pattern directly onto the sheet material in a limited area.

Abstract: A light reflection material comprises transparent body of organic glass having therein a thin through hole or holes whose inner wall is smooth. This material is useful for an ornamental material, a lighting material, eye-obstructing material, shading material, etc.This material is manufactured by pouring a raw material into a mold within which a thread or threads of synthetic fiber are straightly or curvedly set according to aimed pattern and pulling the thread or threads out of the formed body to form a thin hole or holes or pulling the thread or threads to separate them from the inner wall of the hole or holes. As a result of it, a hole or holes of a shape and number corresponding to those of the thread or threads are formed in the formed body.

Abstract: Phosphate bonded investments with solid high temperature dowels or pins for the preparation or making of all porcelain dental prosthetic restorations. More specifically, the solid, high temperature pin type dowels, when used in dies and models formed of phosphate bonded investment material for making porcelain restorations, when fired to a range between 1600.degree.-2200.degree. F. functions as a heat sink to effect a more uniform heating and cooling of refractory model and porcelain restoration thereon so that the form and shape of the vitrified porcelain restoration may be more accurately maintained.

Abstract: A transparent capsule is manufactured by using a lower die case having a substantially semi-spherical inner surface and an upper die cast having a substantially semi-spherical outer surface. The radius of the upper die cast is slightly smaller than that of the lower die cast. Transparent resin in the space between the lower die cast and said upper die cast is uniformly and gradually heated and then cooled in order to harden the transparent resin.Thereafter, the upper die cast is separated from the lower die cast and the transparent resin formed in the shape of a sphere is removed from the die casts.

Abstract: Positive wax models are disposed on carriers in a casting frame so that the widest cross sections are in a common plane, vertical fitting pins are provided, and the frame is filled with silicone to the level of the plane to form a first model. The surface is then coated with silver, electroplated with copper, and reinforced with synthetic resin to form a first electrode, which is removed from the first model. The first model is likewise removed from the frame and oriented by means of the fitting pins in a casting frame filled with hardening carrier mass to the plane of the widest cross sections. The carriers and molding mass are then removed to form a second model. The surface of the second model is then coated with silver, electroplated with copper, and reinforced with synthetic resin to form a second electrode, which is removed from the second model. The electrodes are then used to erode respective opposite sides of an erosion body to form the spare parts.

Abstract: Diffuse reflectors are manufactured by depositing a reflecting material (5) on a roughened surface of a synthetic resin layer (1), roughened by treatment in a polyhalogenated hydrocarbon plasma containing fluorine and carbon, such as FREON, containing plasma or by means of UV radiation. The layer (5) of reflecting material may also be deposited on the resin layer (11) at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a plurality of first lens elements each having specific lens optical values and a plurality of second lens elements each having specific lens optical values are kept in stock; each one of the first and second lens elements are selected from those kept in stock, based on optical calculation; and these two lens elements are laminated to form an opthalmic lens meeting a desired prescription. Accordingly, the present invention has advantages such as shortening of the period from order receiving to product delivery.

Abstract: A quadrangular optical waveguide is formed by the coextrusion of polymeric materials. The waveguide comprises a solid light conducting core which is encased in a cladding layer having a lower index of refraction. Taps may be formed in the waveguide by a heated probe to deflect light out of the waveguide.

Abstract: The invention is both a method and apparatus for cutting thermoplastic materials in an aesthetically pleasing fashion. A laser is used to cut a preselected pattern in a thermoplastic material, resulting in a removable cutting being created, which is extracted from the material. Using a contrasting color of thermoplastic material, an identical laser cutting is made. The cutting from the first laser cutting operation is mated to the cavity created by the second laser cutting operation, resulting in a mosaic-type thermoplastic material which is pleasing to the eye. To ensure that the by-products of combustion from the laser cutting do not contaminate the heat-sensitive surfaces of the thermoplastic material, a directed source of vacuum is applied to the cutting table to ensure by-products of combustion are directed away from the cutting field.

Abstract: For use in making dental restorations, a model is prepared by taking an intra-oral impression and molding in the impression a replica model made from a thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin. The thermosetting resin provides a tough, heat- and abrasion-resistant surface. Heat from the molten thermoplastic resin accelerates the curing of the thermosetting resin.

Abstract: A focal plate for use in camera and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The focal plate comprises an optical plate, a plurality of lens-like uneven portions regularly formed on the surface of the optical material, and a plurality of fine rugged portions formed on each uneven portion, and is manufactured by forming a pyramid or prism relief on a metal plate through mechanical working, subjecting it to an electro-plating to form a honeycomb pattern composed of hexagonal lens faces containing fine rugged portions therein, and then transferring the honeycomb pattern onto a surface of an optical material.

Abstract: A climbing step and its manufacturing method. The climbing step which is installed on wall surfaces of a manhole, pier or the like for ascent and descent is arranged such that a part of the step is coated with a layer of synthetic resin, and a reflection plate including protruding portions for preventing slippage are formed in the synthetic resinous surface. The reflection plate is embedded in the resinous surface over the tread portion while causing the surface to be exposed.

Abstract: Thermoplastic panels are formed and laminated together simultaneously by using a roller to provide vertical pressure to two heated thermoplastic sheets, one a composite thermoplastic sheet, the other a monolithic thermoplastic sheet. The monolithic thermoplastic sheet allows laminating protective layers to structural panels for improving scratch resistance, improving appearance or reducing chemical permeability.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to the use of phosphate bonded investment with solid high temperature dowels or pins for the preparation or making of all porcelain dental prosthetic restorations. More specifically, the solid, high temperature pin type dowels, when used in dies and models formed of phosphate bonded investment material for making porcelain restorations, when fired to a temperature range between 1600.degree.-2200.degree. F. functions as a heat sink to effect a more uniform heating and cooling of refractory model and porcelain restoration thereon so that the form and shape of the vitrified porcelain restoration may be more accurately maintained.

Abstract: A pavement marker for roadway surface including a housing 12 having a lower base portion 14 and at least one wall 18 extending substantially upwardly from the base portion 14. A retroreflective lens 20 is mounted on the wall 18 and has a front surface 22 facing away from the wall 18. A photopolymerizable clear acrylic protective hard coat is deposited over the front face of the lens for resisting abrasion of the lens and reducing the loss of optical efficiency resulting from such abrasion.A method of making the pavement marker includes the steps of forming the lens 20 having the front face 22, coating the front face 22 of the lens 20 with a photopolymerizable acrylic composition, irradiating the coating with ultraviolet or electron beam irradiation to cure the acrylic composition to an abrasion resistant coating 24, and mounting the lens 20 in the housing 12 to dispose the coated front face 22 away from the housing 12.

Abstract: A method is provided for uniformly fitting a foil to a die in the manufacture of a porcelain-metal dental restoration, the method including the application isostatic pressure to a foil covered die. The inventive method is more economical and not as laborious as prior art methods, and provides a superior fit of the foil to the die, resulting in a better quality restoration.

Abstract: Disclosed are method and apparatus for forming tab samples of material, such as ceramic, having a metal or ceramic base. A form body comprises a recess between two extending arms and a shelf positioned to face the recess between the arms. A base may be positioned on and anchored to the shelf facing into the recess. Ceramic material may be formed on the base within the lateral confines of the recess as defined by the arms. Opaque ceramic material may be formed on the base as an underlayer of the ceramic sample. The ceramic may be fired on the base, and the finished ceramic sample may serve as a shade sample. Plastic or wax material may be formed on the shelf in a replica of such a base to construct a mold for use in forming the base.

Abstract: There are provided an FRP molded article and a method for production thereof, which has the properties of uniformly reflecting and shielding electromagnetic waves. The molded article comprises a compression-molded laminated structure composed essentially of an electroconductive nonwoven fabric-resin composite surface layer (3), a woven fabric-resin composite intermediate layer (2) and a fiber material reinforced resin substrate layer (1), wherein the nonwoven fabric composite layer substantially contains no bubbles. The molded article can be produced by placing, on a mold, an electroconductive nonwoven fabric substantially containing no liquid resin material, a woven fabric or a prepreg thereof, and a mixture of a reinforcing fiber material and a liquid crosslink-curable resin composition; subjecting the molding materials to depressurization treatment in the mold; and then subjecting the molding materials to compression molding.

Abstract: A method of making optrodes is provided by which a pressure-sensitive volume is incorporated in the optrode by bubble transfer and/or gas entrapment in the manufacturing step sequence.

Abstract: A mirror--typically of the spherical or aspherical variety--is replicated on a large scale (in the order of 2'.times.4') to an optical accuracy in the range of less than one arc minute. An optical master is created by heat shrinking and holding an acrylic sheet to a steel substrate of the same shape as desired mirror in the constant presence of a vacuum at the steel-acrylic interface. The acrylic is optically polished to complete the master. The master is then appropriately dammed to the mirror dimension and poured with subsequently cured epoxy so that the epoxy forms the optical surface of the replicated mirror. A backing master--created by substantially the same process as the optical master--allows fabrication of a backing, composed of a series of adhesive layers typically sandwiching a core material such as commercial honeycomb therebetween, to be made with a curvature substantially similar to the curvature of the replicated optical surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a dental prosthesis from a shaped, slightly solid phase fritted metal oxide infrastructure whose pores are impregnated with a glass by molding a tooth model from a linearly expanding molding mass and contacting the model with a slip of metal oxide particles which particles are agglomerated onto the model. The agglomerated metal oxide particles forming an infrastructure which is shaped and baked to effect dehydration and withdrawal of the model from the infrastructure before the fritting and glass impregnation of the infrastructure.

Abstract: A casting die, for forming a segmented mirror, is formed by the steps including:providing a negative or positive casting of the desired continuous surface shape;cutting the casting into small segments to form non-circular gaps between segment cross-sections;translating the segments relative to one another in a common direction to contact a shaping surface or surfaces, while maintaining constant gap widths between the segments;joining the segments to form a unitary body by adding filler material to the gaps.

Abstract: In the case of a method and an apparatus for producing parts with high quality surfaces using a mold and curing resin, such as epoxy resin, the first step is to place a workpiece blank so that there is minimum gap between it and the mold. Then resin is introduced into the gap in a non-separating flow utilizing capillary forces in the gap. The epoxy resin then cures and the workpiece coated with such epoxy resin is separated from the mold.

Abstract: An improved procedure for manufacture of optical replication products comprising the use of a thin amorphous coating of carbon as a protective coating which also facilitates release during replication, between master and replication members. Particular attention is given to controlling the compressive forces of the carbon layer to provide good mechanical coatings on suitable optical surfaces. Thereafter, the replicated members may themselves be coated with the carbon as a protective coating only or for further use as a release-promoting "submasters".

Abstract: Ethoxylated siloxane surfactants, and mixtures of such surfactants with curable silicone prepolymers. The mixtures are hydrophilic after cure, have semipermanent hydrophilicity, and are especially useful as dental impressions.

Abstract: Processes for manufacturing substrates of mirrors of resin concrete and the corresponding mirrors. A process for manufacturing a mirror substrate including the following operations: (1) a mould is manufactured of which the bottom has a polished upper face, complementary of the reflecting face to be made; (2) the polished face is coated with a film of a demoulding product and a hard, uniform layer is deposited; and (3) a resin concrete is cast into the mould and it is left to harden and then demoulding is effected in order to obtain a substrate of resin concrete. This process is used in the mass-production of substrates of mirrors and of mirrors of astronomical quality.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for molding a reflector of light-transmissive urethane, with a retroreflective pattern of a multiplicity of angled facets at the back surface of the reflector. In a mold cavity for the reflector there is provided a mold portion shaped to form the multiplicity of angled facets. Prior to filling of the mold, there is applied to the mold portion temporarily a transfer coating of a material which will maintain the angled facets reflective in a urethane reflector. A releasing agent is applied to the remainder of the mold other than the subject mold portion, then the mold is filled with urethane material. Once the urethane material has set, the mold is opened and the molded urethane is stripped off the special mold portion, leaving the transfer coating, which acts as a release coating, adhered to the angled facets.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a flat illumination unit provides light guide channels in the form of transparent rods arranged in lines on the upper side of a plate. The upper side of a plate is coated with a casting compound and, after hardening of the casting compound, the plate is eroded from the opposite side until only the light guide channels remain respectively surrounded on three sides by the casting compound and therewith form a film.

Abstract: A taxidermic specimen and a method of formation thereof is disclosed. A preliminary negative mold (28) is formed by applying an alginate material to the jaw structure of the animal carcass. Fibers (50) are disposed within the depressions (30, 32 and 34) to provide tooth stains. Tooth-colored acrylic material is alternately poured in layers into the teeth depressions (30, 32 and 34) of the preliminary mold (28). The hardened acrylic teeth (44, 46, 48) are removed and chamfered around the gingival line (40). The teeth are reinserted into the preliminary mold (28) and covered by palate and gum forming fiberglass. Natural appearing colorations are provided comprising selected colored threads (52) near the surface of the gum structure. The composite tooth, gum and palate structure forms the master mold (54). From the master mold (54) a final rubber production mold is formed which is used to construct additional production taxidermic specimens in the same manner in which the master mold (54) was formed.

Abstract: This invention concerns bars (14) for reflectors, the bars (14) being suitable for the electroforming of blocks faceted so as to obtain such reflectors (10), and being able to have a quadrangular or hexagonal section, such bars (14) comprising at least one lateral face tapered in relation to their lengthwise axis. The invention also concerns a reflector (10) obtained at least partially by using a plurality of bars (14) of which at least part are constituted as above.

Abstract: Hybrid contact lenses and other composite polymeric articles of precise dimensions are made by placing a first monomer composition in a mold and irradiating and polymerizing a central portion only with ultraviolet radiation. Unpolymerized monomer is removed, a second monomer composition is placed in contact with the polymer formed from the first monomer composition and the latter is polymerized by ultraviolet irradiation or by other means to obtain a composite article which is then machined to form a hybrid lens.

Abstract: This light waveguide consists of an optically transparent body cut at one end to a sharp tip and polished optically flat at the other end. A metallization layer on its surface is thick enough to be opaque. By pressing the waveguide against a rigid plate the metallization is plastically deformed so as to expose a tiny aperture at the tip of the body through which light can pass. By carefully controlling the deformation of the metallization the diameter of the aperture can be kept between 10 and 500 nm. The waveguide can be incorporated in a semiconductor laser of a read/write head used in an optical storage device.

Abstract: An applicating device and method of cosmetic bonding and veneering of teeth with composite dental material which includes a disposable syringe tip defining a reservoir for containing a predetermined amount of composite dental material and having connected thereto a discharge end portion which narrows to a rectangularly shaped discharge orifice having a width of approximately 0.5 mm and a length of approximately 4 to 6 mm. A piston or plug seals the end of the reservoir portion and which piston is displaceably disposed in the reservoir portion. The discharge orifice is provided with a sealing cap when not in use. The method of bonding and veneering a dental material on a tooth includes the step of expressing a flat thin ribbon veneer of composite material directly onto the tooth. The composite material is formed in a thin uniform flat strip of not more than 0.5 mm in thickness and approximately 4 to 6 mm. in width by expressing it through the discharge opening of a syringe tip.

Abstract: A high strength porcelain dental prosthetic device, such as an infrastructure, inlay or onlay is formed directly from a dental porcelain fired at elevated temperatures of about 1000.degree. F. and above, under a pressure of about 10 to 1000 microns of Hg. A special furnace is devised which will achieve this pressure range in a rapid efficient manner. The resultant porcelain dental infrastructure has a high density, and the strength approaching that found in commercial cast ceramic restorations.

Abstract: Method of production of a reflector wall having a core of thermosetting material enclosed in a skin of thermoplastic material, by two-material injection molding. Between a concave mold face having projecting points and a convex mold face, a thermoplastic skin material and a thermosetting core material having a polycondensation temperature greater than the plasto-elasticity temperature of the thermoplastic skin material are successively injected, while holding a temperature intermediate between the two temperatures; the points cause in the skin material interruptions permitting the emergence of the core material to the concave mold face, in localised zones of this in which open vents; the polycondensation of the core material and the hardening of the skin material is successively caused.

Abstract: A method of spin casting gradient light absorbing contact lenses. A concave spin casting mold is provided. A mixture of liquid lens monomer and a light absorbing material is placed in the concave spin casting mold. The concave mold is allowed to remain quiescent until the heavier light absorbing material settles at the center of the concave mold surface. The spin casting mold is rotated at the speed required to form a contact lens. The liquid lens monomer spreads outward leaving a dense zone of light absorbing material at the lens center and progressively less light absorbing material toward the lens edge. The rotating liquid lens monomer is allowed to polymerize. The gradient absorption lens having a clear periphery is removed from the mold.

Abstract: Curable silicon prepolymers are made hydrophilic after cure by mixing the prepolymer with ethoxylated nonionic surface active agent or cationic or amphoteric fluorochemical surface active agent. The cured silicones have semipermanent hydrophilicity and are especially useful as dental impressions.

Abstract: Process for forming a polymeric layer on a substrate comprises placing a substrate to be coated in a mold having a removable lid, injecting a liquid monomer into the mold and into contact with the surface of the substrate to be coated, holding the substrate in place in said mold prior to curing said monomer, radiation curing the liquid monomer, releasing the hold on said substrate prior to significant shrinkage of the curing liquid monomer, and venting said mold to atmospheric pressure at the portion of the mold remote from the surface of the substrate being coated and prior to significant shrinkage of said liquid monomer whereby the substrate moves toward the removable lid. Thereafter, the substrate, which now has a polymeric layer affixed thereto, is removed from the mold.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an improved method and apparatus for continuously embossing a repeating pattern of precise detail, in particular, cube-corner type reflector elements, on one surface of a single sheet or on one surface of a laminate of transparent thermoplastic materials, to form retroreflective sheeting. A continuous embossing tool in the form of a flexible thin metal belt or cylinder has on its outer surface an embossing pattern which is the reverse of the precision optical pattern to be formed. The embossing tool is continously moved at a predetermined speed along a closed course through a heating station where the temperature of a portion of the embossing tool is raised to be above the glass transition temperature of the sheeting or laminate and a cooling station where the heated portion of the embossing tool is cooled while in a relatively planar condition to be below that glass transition temperature.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for fabricating a passive solar water heater having a heat absorber and storage tank within an insulative housing. The housing is formed in a mold as a unitary structure having an exterior shell and a curved insulative interior covered with a reflective inner surface. The tank rests in a trough in the housing and is secured by a mounting which prevents heat conduction to the environment. The shell material may be fiberglass and the insulative material may be expanded polymeric material.

Abstract: A tooth crown or the like fixed, custom fitted dental appliance made of a fired ceramic which undergoes substantially no shrinkage when fired, the appliance being made by forming a compact of the raw prefired ceramic with an undersurface shaped for a precise fit onto the prepared tooth on which the appliance is to be used, and thereafter firing the compact to a dense hard monolithic structure.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a porcelain veneer casing for use in the restoration of damaged teeth in which a porcelain layer is built up on a model of the teeth. The model is removed by erosion caused by the blast of air under pressure containing glass balls. The invention also includes the method of restoration of damaged teeth using the aforesaid porcelain veneer casing and the porcelain veneer casing as an article of manufacture.

Abstract: Improved light reflector apparatus for use in an electronic flash unit or the like is formed by an injection molding operation, which causes both precise shaping of a reflector and accurate mounting of the reflector securely within a housing. A light-reflecting flexible sheet is placed in a mold so that its light-reflecting front surface is centrally positioned adjacent a mold forming surface. The forming surface, which is larger than the sheet, has a contour adapted for shaping the sheet to reflect light into a beam of illumination. Liquid plastic is injected into the mold under pressure against the opposite surface of the sheet, thus pressing its light-reflecting surface into intimate contact against the forming surface. Because the sheet is smaller, the border of the forming surface is not covered by the sheet. Plastic flows beyond outer edges of the sheet against the uncovered border of the forming surface.

Abstract: An elongate trim strip comprising an elongate moulding, said moulding having a flat surface for receiving adhesive or otherwise attaching the strip to the body of a vehicle, a longitudinal channel formed in said moulding, a decorative surface in said channel and a weather-resistant and impact-resistant plastic overlay having radiused edges which provides a lens effect to the decorative surface beneath. Also a trim strip consisting essentially of an elongate decorative foil member having an upper surface and a lower surface and sharply defined peripheral edges, said upper surface having thereon a weather-resistant and impact-resistant overlay having radiused edges and providing a lens effect to said foil member, said overlay being formed by overcoating said upper surface of said foil member with a fluent clear plastic material which flows to said sharply defined peripheral edges and forms a positive meniscus and curing said plastic material.

Abstract: A novel method for firmly bonding metal and ceramics comprising the steps of applying a composite plating composition consisting of a metal containing plating solution and fine particles of ceramic on a surface of metal to which the ceramic is to be bonded, thereby forming a metal plating layer on the surface having partially projected fine particles of ceramic, and then firing the coated metal in order to fuse the ceramic thereto.

Abstract: There is provided an FRP molded article having the properties of uniformly reflecting and shielding electromagnetic waves in the range of VHF to EHF. The molded article comprises a compression-molded laminated structure composed of an electroconductive nonwoven fabric-resin composite surface layer, a woven fabric-resin composite intermediate layer, and a fiber material reinforced resin substrate layer. The molded article can be produced by placing, on a mold, an electroconductive nonwoven fabric or a prepreg thereof, a woven fabric or a prepreg thereof, and then a mixture of a reinforcing fiber material and a liquid crosslink-curable resin composition thereon, and subjecting the laminated materials to compression molding. The molded articles can be advantageously used, for example, as reflecting dish antennas as well as shielding sheets or boards for electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: Foil (aluminum) is placed on a backing member (styrofoam), and depressions made in the foil and backing member, and those members become set and hold the depressions. The depressions are made in a pattern to form a picture, and plastic materials are placed in the depressions, that are transparent, and of different colors, and have convex shapes above the top of the depressions, acting as lenses. The depressions are made by the finger, a stylus, or a toothpick. In another embodiment, the backing member is relatively rigid, a stencil having cut-out areas representing a picture is placed over the backing member, and the foil over the stencil, and the depressions are made by following the stencil. Another embodiment includes a shaping form with raised elements over which the foil is placed; both are placed in a mold, and styrofoam in fluent form placed over the foil and enabled to expand, the styrofoam then constituting the backing member. This forces the foil against the shaping form and forms the depressions.