Abstract: Method and device for relaxing a sheet of dough, comprising a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, a supporting device disposed between the first and second conveyor belts and a vibration generator interacting with the supporting device, in which the first conveyor belt conveys the sheet of dough at a first speed of conveyance on the supporting device, the vibration generator by way of the supporting device exerts a mechanical vibration with an essentially constant frequency on the sheet of dough, and the second conveyor belt discharges the sheet of dough at a second speed of conveyance which is essentially the same as the first speed of conveyance of the supporting device.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for reducing a shrinkage amount of a rubber member (51) which is comprised of a rubber (3) extruded from an extruder (1). At least one vibrator unit (10a, 10b) applies vibration to the extruded rubber (3) so as to increase the shrinkage speed of the extruded rubber (3) and cause a sufficient advance shrinkage of the extruded rubber within the extrusion train (1), thereby reducing a posterior shrinkage amount of the rubber member (51). An adjustable thermoregulator (30) maintains the extruded rubber (3) at a controlled temperature during application of vibration.

Abstract: A process and a device for the continuous production of fiber-reinforced molded bodies from hydraulically setting materials, wherein the setting materials are applied in a given width from at least two dispensers with a defined thickness in at least two separate layers on conveyors moving in opposite directions. The conveyors are substrates whose color and external constitution corresponds to the outer surface of the molded body and on which the layers and surface structures of reinforcing fibers are applied. With the simultaneous injection of another material layer as an intermediate layers, the layers with the substrates are conveyed through the adjustable gap formed by a pair of cylinder rollers and the layers and substrates are united under predetermined pressure to form the molded body. Immediately after passing the gap, the molded body is deflected in a discharge direction using the cylinder rollers and is discharged with the adhering substrates.

Abstract: A method and a slide casting apparatus for casting concrete products. Concrete is fed into a mold through a feeding hopper (9) fitted above the mould. The feeding hopper (9) is moved so that the vertical component of the path of motion of the hopper's bottom part is equal to or exceeds the vertical component of the path of motion of the top part, which >0 or =0.

Abstract: A melt-blowing system and corresponding method are provided for making a nonwoven polymer filament blanket. Subsequent to formation and blowing of the polymer filaments toward a receiving conveyor, a pivoting oscillating member is provided through which the filaments are blown. Vertical oscillation of the oscillating member causes the flow direction of the filament stream to vertically oscillate thereby increasing the tensile strength of the nonwoven blanket in the in-line direction as a substantial number of the filaments become oriented in the in-line direction on the conveyor.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for applying an oscillating force to a molten material. The apparatus includes a barrel in communication with a hopper for receiving a flow of moldable material. A screw conveyor is rotatable and axially reciprocatable within the barrel. At least one conveyor flight is formed on the screw conveyor for conveying and compressing the moldable material. Rotation and reciprocation of the screw conveyor forces the material to flow out of the barrel and along a conduit in a mold assembly. The conduit communicates with a mold cavity. A controller controls the rotation and reciprocation of the screw conveyor. The controller reciprocates the screw conveyor toward and away from the mold during filling of the mold cavity inducing a shearing of the material. Each reciprocation of the screw conveyor translates the screw conveyor closer toward the mold cavity. A method is also disclosed which includes dispensing a moldable material into an barrel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided to cause deflection or oscillation of a bundle of spun thermoplastic filaments. A pulsing electrostatic charge and optionally an additional constant charge is applied to attenuated filaments prior to deposit of the filaments on a conveyor in the form of a web. Adjacent sections of filaments may be charged with different phases, and multiple pulsed charges may be applied. The pulsed charges cause movement or oscillation of the filaments resulting in better web uniformity.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a flexible, thermoplastic, composite filament, containing continuous fibers basically consisting of a flexible sheath made of polyolefinic resin which covers a bundle of fibers impregnated with a polyolefmic resin, wherein the inorganic fibers are treated with a solution containing additives which improve the compatibility between reinforcement and polymeric matrix after transformation into end products.

Abstract: An apparatus for shaping deformable materials during molding processes. Such an apparatus includes, among other things, a vibrating wall assembly. The vibrating wall assembly fits the contours of at least a portion of a mold's cavity. The vibrating wall assembly includes a pliable wall positioned within the mold. The pliable wall is positioned such that its outside wall surface is adjacent to a portion of the mold's inside wall surface; and its inside wall surface defines a portion of the geometric configuration of the material passing thereover. The pliable wall is designed to deform from its original shape when a positive or negative pressure is exerted on its inside or outside wall surface. This positive and/or negative pressure is generated, at least in part, by the displacement of a displaceable fluid. This fluid is contained within a chamber. The chamber is in communication with a portion of the pliable wall's outside wall surface.

Abstract: Pre-stressed concrete railroad ties are manufactured by the slip form process in the absence of mold members, other than the slip form itself. Tie casting occurs on portable casting soffits between portable soffit anchored deadmen supporting the pre-stressed tie tensile members immediately overlying the casting soffit. Tie formation occurs with the slip form passing around and over the pre-stressed tension members. Track fastening hardware is vibrationally inserted through windows of the slip form to place the track fastening hardware to precise measured dimension along the route of slip form movement and to configure that portion of the tie adjacent the track fastening hardware. End of tie locations as well as tie batch identification are likewise marked during the slip form process. Upon cure, the ties are cut at their marked end location.

Abstract: A process for preparing a composite, continuous-fiber-containing filament which entails:a) unwinding a continuous fiber bundle from a bobbin,b) loosening the fiber bundle, in order to separate the bundle substantially into individual fibers,c) impregnating the individual fibers with a thermoplastic polymer powder, andd) recompacting the fiber bundle and providing a flexible sheltering sheath around the bundle, whereby the fiber bundle is caused to have a substantially elliptical cross-section.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for shaping deformable materials during molding processes. Such an apparatus includes, among other things, a vibrating wall assembly. The vibrating wall assembly fits the contours of at least a portion of a mold's cavity. The vibrating wall assembly includes a pliable wall positioned within the mold. The pliable wall is positioned such that its outside wall surface is adjacent to a portion of the mold's inside wall surface; and its inside wall surface defines a portion of the geometric configuration of the material passing thereover. The pliable wall is designed to deform from its original shape when a positive or negative pressure is exerted on its inside or outside wall surface. This positive and/or negative pressure is generated, at least in part, by the displacement of a displaceable fluid. This fluid is contained within a chamber. The chamber is in communication with a portion of the pliable wall's outside wall surface.

Abstract: In a device for transporting in the plastic state substances with a high coefficient of friction via a pipe (10) in which the substances and the pipe (10) are caused to vibrate relative to one another by one or more vibration generators, the vibrations are transmitted to the above-mentioned pipe (10). Each of the generators (5) can transmit the vibrations to a fluid contained in chambers (7) that are arranged coaxially with and outside of the pipe (10), with the fluid being in contact with the pipe itself.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing concrete panels by continuously pressing and an apparatus for carrying out the method. The concrete panels are successively manufactured by continuously feeding pallets onto a conveyor, feeding a concrete material onto the pallets, continuously pressure frames against the concrete material from the upper side and both lateral sides of the concrete material while imparting vibrations to the pressure frames, forming hollows in the concrete material by thrusting a rotary screw-type core rod therethrough to provide a panel shape hollow molding, and cutting the molded concrete material into a length corresponding to the length of each pallet. In the manufacture process, an organic or inorganic fiber material may be incorporated into the concrete material for the purpose of reinforcement of the finished products.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a continuous thread coated with a mixture which reacts to ultraviolet radiation, a large number of continuous filaments are formed by mechanically drawing a large number of molten thermoplastic material streams flowing from openings in at least one device. A mixture in the liquid state which can react under the effect of ultraviolet radiation is deposited onto the surface of at least some of the filaments before they are combined to form at least one thread. The thread is wound into the form of a winding on a rotating support, and exposed to ultraviolet radiation during the winding operation.

Abstract: Glass fibre reinforced plasterboard including a gypsum matrix of high density with embedded staple glass fibres therewith forming a pressure resistant solid body frame in which are embedded a plurality of very small hollow spaces of 5-350 microns in diameter, produced by a fine-pore foam or at least partially by small particles of non-porous and non-water absorbing fillers. During the manufacturing process of such glass fibre reinforced gypsum board, the gypsum and the fibre pieces are given only so much water that the water/gypsum ratio does not exceed 0.6, whereafter a foam and/or pourable or free-flowing fillers are added in such quantities that the apparent density of the entire board is at least 20% smaller than the density of the bonding means component of the matrix, and the paste is subjected while being formed to a vibration.

Abstract: An apparatus for shaping, and/or directing the flow of deformable materials, wherein the apparatus includes a novel vibrating wall assembly having at least one surface which defines a specific geometric shape over which the deformable material will pass. The novel vibrating wall assembly of this present invention includes the following components: (a) a plurality of pulsating, polygonally-shaped surface elements which are movable between a resting position and an energized position; (b) an energizing device for moving at least one of the plurality of pulsating surface elements from its resting position to its energized position, to form an energized surface element; (c) a biasing device for moving the energized surface element from its energized position back to its resting position; and (d) a linking device for interconnecting the plurality of pulsating surface elements, wherein the linking device allows for the limited pulsating movement of the plurality of pulsating surface elements.

Abstract: Pultruded profiles are manufactured as a die station which is fed with resin via a pump. The core of the profile is formed by granular material fed to station from a hopper through the interior of a hollow duct which is essentially vertically disposed, above the station, so that the granular material is moved under the influence of gravity. The exterior surface of duct is profiled and the skin-forming materials for the profile are guided by the profiled surface to the die station. The skin forming materials are runs of cloth. The pultruded profile may be tubular or hollow so that it has both an external surface and an internal surface in which case the internal surface incorporates a further resin bonded cloth fed to the interior of the die station over the external surface of a mandrel.

Abstract: A process for making a silicon carbide foam structural material utilizing continuous and non-continuous processes where bead members are mixed with silicon powder-carbon powder and molded into a shape. The bead members are then removed by melting. The remaining silicon powder-carbon powder structure, having been formed with a plurality of apertures therein from where the beads have been removed, is further heated to a point sufficient to form a silicon carbide structure retaining such plurality of apertures to create a silicon carbide foam.

Abstract: In the extrusion of hollow core concrete slabs, the density profile across the slab is controlled by the vibration of a hammering plate forming one side of a packing chamber through which the concrete is extruded. Vibrations are imparted to the hammering plate by a vibrator that acts to produce vibratory motions in the plate that are not parallel to the direction of extrusion. With two vibrators producing vibratory components both in the direction of extrusion and outwardly to opposite sides of the packing chamber, the flow of concrete to the side edges of the slab is augmented. In an auger-type extruder, this allows the outer augers to be run at a slower speed than otherwise, thus increasing their service life. The vibratory frequency may also be reduced considerably, thus reducing the noise generated by operation of the apparatus.

Abstract: A method of creating a score in a pouch formed from a thermoplastic film is described. Ultrasonic energy is used to create the score in a film that is later formed into a pouch. The score can be used to open the pouch by pulling opposite sides of the scored area. The ultrasonic force is applied to the film as a part of a downstream process in a blown film manufacturing line to produce the pouch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasticization method in which a molding material is supplied to a cylinder having a built-in screw to plasticize the molding material, and further, at least one of the cylinder and the screw is resonated to carry out the plasticization of the molding material. Also disclosed is a plasticization method in which the cylinder is vibrated by progressive waves to plasticize the molding material, and an apparatus able to carry out these plasticization methods.

Abstract: A continuous forming method is provided here whereby long composite structural shapes such as "Z", "HAT", "L", etc. can be formed economically with relatively small equipment. First, a lay-up is made from unidirectional tape or woven cloth, then the material is heated to accommodate softening of resin, then pulled through a set of rollers, then through a matched metal die and a rapidly reciprocating punch that facilitates to form the final shape. As the material is pulled through the area of match metal die and punch, it is cooled down by the heat sink of the die and punch, or any other means, so when the part exits the die and punch area, it is sufficiently cooled down to retain the desired shape. The rapidly reciprocating punch permits the part to be pulled continuously, thereby enabling it to produce a long part very economically.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for formation of an extruded product from material containing fibrous, molecules or other constituents succeptable to alignment, while the extrudate is still molten and moving through the die (5), in the direction of the extrusion axis (11), it is subjected to pulsating displacements in a direction transverse relative to that axis. These displacements give rise to a shearing action within the material, resulting in a degree of transverse orientation of the constituents. This orientation may be "locked in" to the extruded product when the melt solidifies (40), so improving the transverse strength of that product, and/or may correct an unwanted orientation (from 112, FIG. 16) that existed in the melt upstream of the point where the pulsating displacements were applied. The displacements may be applied by the synchronized operation of pistons (20-27), operating in chambers (17) which open into the die cavity (18) at separated locations all lying in the same transverse plane.

Abstract: An extrusion machine for making hollow elongated articles of concrete has an eccentric compaction disc that reciprocates and rotates to compact and release air from zero slump concrete. The machine avoids having to have a high frequency converter which is both expensive and noisy. At least one extruder screw is provided in the machine to feed concrete and form the elongated article. The screw has a die former at the outlet end to form a cavity in the elongated article. An eccentric compaction disc is positioned between the outlet end of the extruder screw and an input end of the die former, the input end of the die former is eccentric and coplanar with an eccentric disc face mounted for movement in a circular orbital path about the extruder screw axis. The output end of the die former is concentric with the extruder screw axis.

Abstract: An improved method for carrying out an extrusion is provided, wherein an extrusion material in a flowable state is passed through a die under a pressure to impart a desired shape thereto, and the extrusion is carried out while the die is resonated by an ultrasonic wave in such a manner that the resonance occurs at an n wavelength, wherein n is m/2 and m is a positive integer. Further, an apparatus suitable for carrying out this extrusion method is provided.

Abstract: A method for casting of one concrete product or of several concrete products placed side by side at the same time by means of one casting machine as sliding casting out of high-consistency concrete mix. The concrete mix is fed by means of one feed member (2) or by means of several feed members placed side by side into one or several separate cross sections of a concrete product to be cast. The compacting of the concrete product or products to be cast is monitored by measuring the pressure of the concrete mix or the force arising from the pressure against a part (2; 9,7) of the casting machine in at least two points of the cross section and by separately regulating the operating values of at least two parallel feed member (2) or of the compacting movements of at least two parallel compacting members (3) on the basis of the measurement values obtained.

Abstract: The production of wood material particles into board or panels, such as chipboard, fiberboard, OSB panels, MDF panels and the like, involves coating the particles with a binder free of any hardener. The coated particles are deposited on a support surface in the form of a mat and then are compressed. While the particles are being compressed in a press, an acid or basic hardener in a gaseous phase or in a binary phase with a gaseous carrier agent, is introduced across and into the surface of the mat or directly into the interior mat. The compression of the mat can be performed either in a continuous double band press or a discontinuous single or multi-platen press. In a double band press, two press bands are arranged in opposed relation and the hardener is introduced into the mat in a wedge-shaped inlet zone between the press bands. The hardener flows through openings in the press band onto the surface of the mat.

Abstract: A cylindrical product, such as a hollow tube or solid rod, is subjected to a series of manufacturing processes. The cylindrical product is moved longitudinally through a sequence of stages, each stage having an opening through which the cylindrical product passes. The plurality of stages are arranged in a series to perform a specific rheological process. Each stage includes means for applying a preselected temperature, pressure, and vibration to the cylindrical product.

Abstract: Device for the continuous manufacture of manufactured articles reinforced with mixtures of hydraulic binders and consisting of:a conveyor belt;a plurality `A` of process stations for the formation of superimposed thin and uniform layers of a net of a hydraulic binder mix, each station consisting of:a feeder of the reinforced net 4;a wetting and degassing device 5 of the net 4;a means 2 for metering the binders mix;a section 7 for feeding and laying the net 4 on the conveyor belt 1;compacting elements 16;a means 6 for the extraction of water during the compacting state; anda second metering device 2' for the hydraulic binders mix;a levelling and sizing station 23;a final water-extracting station 26;a pressing station 27;a longutudinal and cross-cutting station 35, anda gathering station 36 for the produced plates.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process and a laminator for the continuous production of laminates of foam with facings. An upper facing and a lower facing and a web of meshwork are introduced into the foaming space of a laminator and a fluid reaction mixture is spread over the lower facing before it runs into the foaming space. The reaction mixture penetrates the web of meshwork as it foams up on its journey through the foaming space and becomes bonded to the facings.

Abstract: Various processing advantages are gained when ultrasonic vibration is applied to a thermoplastic processing apparatus such as an extruder or an injection molding device. Such advantages include improved flow rate, reduced processing pressure, and consequently reduced processing temperature to mold or extrude the melted thermoplastic. The ultrasonic vibration is desirably applied to the die of the processing apparatus and in a direction longitudinal to the flow of the thermoplastic. Suitable thermoplastics include polystyrene and polyolefins.

Abstract: A fiber web reinforced plastic is formed by applying dry resin powder to opposite sides of a vertically moving web, and then melting and pressing the power into the web. The dry powder is applied to the web by being thrown thereagainst. The powder thus more effectively occupies the voids in the web to minimize the presence of air in the web. The thrown-on powder can be melted before the laminating pressure is applied.

Abstract: Device for the continuous manufacture of manufactured articles reinforced with mixtures of hydraulic binders and consisting of:a conveyor belt;a plurality `A` of process stations for the formation of superimposed thin and uniform layers of a net of a hydraulic binder mix, each station consisting of:a feeder of the reinforced net 4;a wetting and degassing device 5 of the net 4;a means 2 for metering the binders mix;a section 7 for feeding and laying the net 4 on the conveyor belt 1;compacting elements 16;a means 6 for the extraction of water during the compacting state; anda second metering device 2' for the hydraulic binders mix;a levelling and sizing station 23;a final water-extracting station 26;a pressing station 27;a longitudinal and cross-cutting station 35, and a gathering station 36 for the produced plates.

Abstract: Method and slide-casting machine for the casting of hollow precast units of concrete by means of slide-casting. Concrete mix is extruded onto a base by using one or several shaping members that form a cavity and the mix is compacted by moving the shaping members. The outer face of the shaping members is provided with a projection or projections, or a projection or projections are formed at the outer face of the shaping members from time to time. The locations of the projections are changed to the longitudinal axis of the shaping members. Thereby the shaping members produce forces compressing the mix in the surrounding mix, i.e. forces that compact the concrete. It is possible to use shaping members in which the shape of the mantle portion can be changed so that the distances of the different points at the outer face of the shaping member from the longitudinal axis of the shaping member vary.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic molding which is manufactured from high-temperature resistant, fire-resistant or refractory fibers and fine-grain, fire-resistant or refractory materials and, in certain cases, from other customary additives. The ceramic molding is characterized by the fact that its porosity gradually and continuously increases along an axis of the molding from less than 20% to more than 70%. The areas with low porosity comprise the fine-grain, fire-resistant or refractory materials. The areas of high porosity comprise ceramic fiber, such as, fibers of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, C, SiC or mixtures thereof. The intermediate areas are constructed of mixtures of ceramic fiber and fire-resistant or refractory materials. The invention also relates to the use of such a ceramic molding method for the manufacture of compound moldings saturated or infiltrated with organic resins, pitch, tar, metals, metal alloys or glasses.

Abstract: Method and device for the casting of concrete products either by means of a periodic method or by means of a continuous slide casting method. Into the product, one or several cavities are formed by means of a cavity mandrel (4). The mix is compacted by rotating the cavity mandrel (4) back and forth around its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A method for the continuous production of plates and/or shaped bodies of fibre reinforced hydraulic setting masses is described in which the mass is provided in a predetermined thickness over the entire width of the plate to be produced, on a substrate continuously moved by a belt. Fibre cuttings from a cutting device are dispersed in a desired distribution onto the surface of the mass moving with the substrate and these are subsequently incorporated into the mass by a tool acting uniformly over the entire width of the mass. The raw plate can be further processed in its still deformable condition and brought into a desired final shape.

Abstract: An apparatus for making composite sheets that are homogeneous, dense, and have an even surface. The apparatus comprises an oscillating plate unit that vibrates in a direction transverse to a belt means. Composite pre-mix is deposited on the conveyor belt which draws it under the oscillating plate. The oscillating plate has three sections: a curved plate section; an inclined plate section and a flat plate section. The composite pre-mix is metered by the curved plate section, compacted by the inclined plate section and maintained compacted by the flat plate section. These thus formed composite sheets may be cured and are particularly adapted for use in fuel cell structures such as electrode substrates.

Abstract: Method for the casting of hollow slabs out of concrete by slide-casting. Concrete mix is extruded onto a base (18) preferably by means of a conical screw spiral (2). Thereinafter the mix is compacted by moving a cavity mandrel (3) fitted after the screw sprial. The end of the cavity mandrel (3) is moved along a path of movement of desired shape. The final end of the mandrel may be attached to the machine by means of a ball joint.

Abstract: A process is provided for continuously manufacturing plates containing an open net fibrillated polymeric film reinforcement. A net having a plurality of fibrillated polymeric film layers is unwound from a continuous reel, and the net is cut into pieces having a length approximately equal to a circumference of a forming roll for forming a plate to be manufactured. The net pieces are impregnated with a cement mix and then deposited onto a conveyor belt on which a cement mix layer has been previously deposited. After contacting the net with the cement layer, the net is subjected to vibration. A vacuum is applied to the net contacting the cement layer to remove excess water and to increase the compactness between the net and the cement layer.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method for continuous slide-casting of large-size concrete objects or corresponding elements for compacting high-viscosity casting mix. The slide-casting mould (33) comprises a bottom plane (34), side walls (38, 39) of the mould, as well as means (37) for pressurizing the casting mix mechanically. According to the invention, before the parallel side walls (44, 54) at the outlet end of the slide-casting mould (33), within the casting line concerned, walls or wall portions (40 to 43, 50 to 53) are provided as fitted to each other or to their corresponding portions, provided as pairs, as pivotable always in the same direction around substantially vertical shafts (45 to 49, 55 to 59) included in their planes. The moving parts of the side walls (38, 39) may be displaced in pairs in the lateral direction, relative the casting direction, e.g., by means of cylinder-piston devices (61 to 63).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for leveling a batch of pulverulent constituents in making a vitreous cellular material. A screen structure having at least one substantially flat screen layer is impressed down into and through at least a portion of the batch of pulverulent constituents. The screen structure is vibrated horizontally in a circular orbital motion while impressing the screen structure down into and through at least a portion of the batch of pulverulent constituents.

Abstract: Method for the continuous slide-casting of concrete objects for compacting the high-consistency concrete mix. Repeated parallel displacements back and forth are produced in the various regional zones in the high-consistency concrete mix placed in the mould by pivoting at least two opposite walls (10) of the slide-casting mould structure in the same direction relative parallel shafts (12) substantially parallel to each other and as synchronized relative each other, back and forth. Additional walls (4) fitted into the mould and forming oblong cavities, recesses or ribs in the concrete objects are pivoted in pairs with each other in the same direction and as synchronized with each other around shafts (7) placed at the ends of the additional walls next to the outlet end of the mould, the said shafts being substantially parallel to each other.

Abstract: A glass fiber-reinforced cement non-plate article which is composed of an inside mortar layer comprising a mixture of normal Portland cement and glass fiber chopped strand, an outside mortar layer comprising a mixture of normal Portland cement and glass fiber chopped strand, and a regulated set cement mortar layer interposed between said both layers and between a pair of continuous glass fiber layers, is formed.

Abstract: Method and equipment for compacting of concrete mix when concrete products are being cast by means of a continuous method. The concrete mix is carried from the feeder device (4) forwards by means of an endless transfer unit. The compression required for the compacting of the concrete mix is produced by means of a roll (1) pressed against the transfer face (2). The compression is directed at the concrete mix by the intermediate of rigid plates (2) of a caterpillar band constituting the transfer unit, which plates are pressed against the concrete mix by means of two or more support rolls (1).

Abstract: The application discloses a process for the preparation of plates, films, sheets, strips, rods, molded parts, objects or profiles of high mechanical strength, from thermoplastic synthetic resinous materials, whereby the thermoplastic material is initially heated in an extruder or a similar installation equipped with a mixing and heating device to at least its melting or softening point, the emerging extruded mass subjected during or after a cooling process in a forming device, pressure drawing device or other accessory installation to at least one pressure stretching at a pressure from about 90 .sup.N /mm.sup.2 to 1500 .sup.N /mm.sup.2, preferably from about 155 .sup.N /mm.sup.2 to 1000 .sup.N /mm.sup.2, and/or to at least one pulsating pressure or shearing pressure treatment. Preferably, the pressure stretched or shearing pressure treated synthetic plastic material is subjected subsequently to at least one further tempering, preferably cooling and/or processing step.

Abstract: A combination long lower mold and pretension bench for the formation of prestressed concrete materials is constructed by serially connecting plurality of unit lower molds of concrete, attaching prestressing steel wire tension benches one each to the foremost and rearmost unit lower molds, and fastening the unit lower molds and the tension benches collectively with steel wires. Prestressed concrete materials are obtained by stretching prestressing steel wires along the upper surface of the long lower mold, continuously pouring and placing stiff-consistency concrete on the long lower mold, causing a slide upper mold to run on the concrete thereby shaping the concrete in a required cross section, curing the shaped concrete strip, and cutting the cured concrete strip into pieces of a desired size.

Abstract: In the manufacture of cementitious board by depositing a slurry of hydraulic cementitious material, commonly gypsum plaster, between two facing sheets and forming it to the desired width and thickness prior to setting, the formation of voids in the core, due to air trapped in the slurry is avoided by vibrating the lower sheet (10) after the slurry (15) has been deposited on it, usually before the upper sheet (14) contacts the slurry, and subsequently vibrating the upper sheet when it comes into contact with the mass of cementitious slurry. The vibration of the lower sheet, for example by rotating polygonal shaft (20), causes bubbles of unwanted trapped air to rise through the slurry towards the upper surface and the accumulated bubbles are then broken by the vibration of the upper sheet, which may be accomplished by a second rotating shaft (21), before they become incorporated into the formed board as voids.

Abstract: Reinforced facings, including reinforcing webs entrained in hydraulic cement via a slurry bath, adhere to a nailable lightweight aggregate cementitious core to form a panel web. The reinforced web is formed on abutting conveyed carrier sheets, and the web is transversely cut, between the sheets, while moving or when stopped, in response to sensing of the sheets. The cut panels, on respective sheets are stacked for curing without damaging the panel edges and in a manner to minimize panel flex. Slurry bath, facing applicators, and cutter and stacking apparatus are included.