Abstract: Motorcycles are provided which include a frame, two front steering wheels, a steering pipe rotatably connected to the frame and rigidly connected to two supporting assemblies, one for each front steering wheel and a steering group consisting of two pairs of transversal arms—upper front, lower front, upper rear and lower rear—arranged inverted at the opposite sides of a central steering pipe and laterally connected through two lateral posts. On each of the supporting assemblies the fixed portions of two telescopic elements may be constrained. Each pair of telescopic elements may be cantilever-mounted with respect to the steering wheel.

Abstract: A shock absorber mounted on a vehicle includes an inner portion that is made of a metal and has a first upper end and a first lower end, and an outer portion that is made of a composite material and is integrally formed with the inner portion. The outer portion has at least one of a second upper end on which the first upper end of the inner portion is folded and a second lower end on which the first lower end of the inner portion is folded, and a middle portion that has a seat for supporting a suspension spring.

Abstract: At least a portion of a detecting portion of a front wheel rotation speed detector is supported on one front telescopic element of a shock absorbing device and is positioned in, as viewed in the direction of a wheel axis, an area defined by a front imaginary line which passes a front end of the shock absorbing device and which is parallel to a steering axis and a rear imaginary line which passes a rear end of the shock absorbing device and which is parallel to the steering axis in a perpendicular or substantially perpendicular direction to the wheel axis and the steering axis, an area located inwards of an outer shape of a wheel, and an area which is located outside an area defined between the front and rear telescopic elements.

Abstract: An automobile includes an active suspension system and a leveling system. The leveling system receives high pressure fluid from the active suspension system in order to change static vehicle height and compensate for static load changes.

Abstract: A refurbishment assembly for heavy duty truck chassis and a novel bracket for maintaining said assembly in such chassis including a method of creating or manufacturing such an assembly and its mounting on a heavy duty truck chassis.

Abstract: There are provided a cowl panel provided above a dash panel partitioning an engine room from a vehicle compartment and extending in a vehicle width direction, a suspension tower protruding toward an inside of the engine room and supporting a front suspension, and a connecting bracket connecting the suspension tower and the cowl panel and configured to slant rearward and upward, wherein the connecting bracket comprises a front-end flange portion and a rear-end flange portion, the front-end flange portion is joined to a slant portion formed at a rear portion of a top of the suspension tower which is configured to slant rearward and downward, and the rear-end flange portion is configured to rise upward via a bending portion and joined to a vertical wall portion of the cowl panel.

Abstract: An independent suspension of a wheel of a two-track vehicle includes a trailing arm, one of the end portions of which is hinged to a vehicle body of the vehicle and the other end portion of which supports a wheel carrier. A scissor-type arm is hinged to the trailing arm and guides the trailing arm relative to the vehicle body. A spring element supports the trailing arm relative to the vehicle body. The spring element is arranged on the trailing arm in the region of the hinge point of the scissor-type arm to the trailing arm when seen in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A wheel suspension for the rear axle of a vehicle includes a wheel carrier that is steerable in a pivoting range for mounting a wheel, and a plurality of control arms for articulating the wheel carrier to the body of the vehicle, and further a damping device for damping a movement of the wheel carrier relative to the vehicle body. The damping device is connected to the wheel carrier by way of a wheel carrier connection, wherein the wheel carrier connection is arranged in an attachment area of the wheel space of the wheel defined by the pivoting range of the wheel carrier, which, of all areas of the wheel space facing the vehicle body, has the greatest direct distance to the vehicle body.

Abstract: A length-adjustable unit includes a tubular outer component, an inner component displaceably guided in the outer component, issues from the outer component and arranged outside of the outer component has a connecting element, and an additional connecting element arranged at the assembly end, opposing the exit end, of the outer component. The additional connecting element, or an intermediate element rigidly connected to the assembly end of the outer component, has at least one annular shoulder extending in the circumferential direction of the outer component over the full 360°, while at least one engaging element is associated with the intermediate element, which is rigidly connected to the assembly end of the outer component, or the additional connecting element, and this engaging element is engaged with the annular shoulder to be slidingly displaceable in the circumferential direction but positively engaged in a longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A pedal simulator using a multi-stage series spring includes a cylinder into which an operation rod connected to a brake pedal is inserted; a piston installed in the cylinder to receive a force of the operation rod; a plurality of springs installed between the cylinder and the piston to resiliently support the piston in the cylinder and disposed to overlap each other from an inner side to an outer side; and a plurality of spring seats disposed in the cylinder to overlap each other from an inner side to an outer side and configured to support the springs while being interposed between the springs, wherein the springs are installed between the piston, the spring seats, and the cylinder such that the plurality of springs are connected to each other in a multi-stage series structure.

Abstract: A lift kit for the suspension strut of a Quad ATV cycle including an upstanding sleeve with an upper edge with a collar of reduced diameter defining an upwardly facing annular shoulder at a bottom of the collar, a shock absorber inserted in the sleeve, a washer sitting on the annular shoulder and a coil spring sitting on the washer where the lift kit includes a sleeve member having a bottom collar and an upstanding portion therefrom where the bottom collar has an exterior surface with a diameter greater than that of the upstanding portion and a nut engaged onto the male screw thread on the and being movable to different set portions of a top surface of the nut along the male screw thread on the upstanding portion, the nut having an upper face supporting a bottom of the spring.

Abstract: Provided is a suspension device in which a load axis of a spring is significantly inclined with respect to a center axis of an absorber. The suspension device includes a support section formed between an end portion of the spring on a spring seat side and a mount, for realizing a “full contact state” during assembly and a “partial contact state” after assembly. With this, it is possible to provide the suspension device in which the assembly is facilitated and the load axis of the spring is significantly inclined with respect to the center axis of the absorber.

Abstract: A shock absorber of a suspension apparatus includes a pair of chambers, a flow passage connects the chambers such that a working fluid passes through the flow passage as the shock absorber expands and contracts, a damping force generation mechanism applies resistance to the working fluid passing through the flow passage, a bypass passage connects the chambers so as to bypass the flow passage, a variable throttle member that is inserted into the bypass passage to be capable of advancing and retreating in order to modify an opening of the bypass passage, an actuator drives the variable throttle member and includes an acting portion disposed on a back surface side of the variable throttle member, and a power transmission mechanism interposed between the acting portion and the variable throttle member in order to transmit a linear motion of the acting portion to the variable throttle member.

Abstract: A vibration damper for a motor vehicle includes at least one cylinder tube with a longitudinal extension axis and a support spring, wherein the support spring has a first end portion and a second end portion, the support spring surrounds the cylinder tube in circumferential direction and is axially supported by the first end portion indirectly at a supporting device of the motor vehicle with respect to the longitudinal extension axis of the cylinder tube, and wherein the support spring is axially supported by its second end portion at the cylinder tube of the vibration damper. The cylinder tube has a spring disk which is formed integral with the cylinder tube, is formed out of the cylinder tube, and has a supporting surface for an end coil of the support spring.

Abstract: A vibration damper for a motor vehicle with a support spring, includes a damper tube with a longitudinal extension axis A, a spring disk, a protective insert, and a protective accordion boot which has a first end portion and a second end portion, wherein the protective accordion boot is secured at least indirectly to a piston rod by its first end portion, and wherein the protective accordion boot encloses damper tube in circumferential direction by its second end portion. The protective insert has at least one radially outwardly extending supporting portion, wherein the protective accordion boot is axially supported by the second end portion thereof at the supporting portion of the protective insert accompanied by a defined axial pre-loading, and wherein, with respect to the longitudinal extension axis A of the damper tube, the supporting portion extends radially beyond the inner diameter d of an end coil of support spring supported at the spring disk.

Abstract: A damper includes a vehicle-body-side mounting portion, an axle-side mounting portion, and a vehicle height adjusting mechanism for adjusting a distance between the vehicle-body-side mounting portion and the axle-side mounting portion. The vehicle height adjusting mechanism includes a first tubular member formed into a bottomed tubular shape, a second tubular member formed into a bottomed tubular shape and inserted from the bottom side into the first tubular member, and a stopper member having a shaft portion and a locking portion provided at a proximal end of the shaft portion. A distal end of the shaft portion is fixed to the bottom of the first tubular member. The shaft portion is inserted through a hole formed in the bottom of the second tubular member. The locking portion abuts on the bottom of the second tubular member.

Abstract: A shock absorber assembly comprises a piston and cylinder arrangement, a damping-fluid chamber and a damping valve arrangement which is located in the damping fluid chamber and serves to divide the chamber into sub-chambers. The assembly is such that in use the valve arrangement regulates the flow of fluid between the sub-chambers.

Abstract: A spring plate, especially for a MacPherson strut unit, having an axial support surface for the final turn of a helical spring. The helical spring is centered by radial centering surfaces in the area of the circumferential contour of the final turn. The centering surface is divided into individual, partial centering surfaces, which come to rest against the circumferential contour of the helical spring.

Abstract: A spring shock absorber unit for adjusting the elevation of a vehicle, including an oscillation absorber, a support spring to absorb shocks impacting the vehicle, an upper spring seat at which the support spring is supported, an adjustment device for adjusting the height of the upper spring seat with an actuator and an adjustment mechanism configured to convert the rotary motion generated by the actuator into a translational motion of the upper spring seat, an axial bearing for supporting the spring shock absorber unit, particularly the upper spring seat and/or a piston rod at a body of a vehicle, optimal utilization of the space available shall be possible in spite of a plurality of functional elements. The adjustment mechanism can additionally serve the function of an axial bearing.

Abstract: In a vehicle-height adjustment apparatus of a motorcycle having the hydraulic jack attached to the damper, damping force characteristics of a damper are stabilized, the influence of the charged gas pressure of an oil reservoir chamber is eliminated, and the sealing performance of a hydraulic jack is reduced. In the vehicle-height adjustment apparatus of a motorcycle, a back pressure chamber is provided on a side opposite to a jack chamber, with a plunger being interposed therebetween inside a hydraulic jack, and this back pressure chamber is communicated with a hydraulic chamber inside a damper tube.

Abstract: A spring assembly includes telescopically adjustable inner and outer members biased in an extension direction by a coil spring. A non-stretch fabric sleeve fitted about an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the coil spring is closed at its opposite ends to apply a compression preload to the coil spring. The fabric sleeve prevents transmission of the preload to the inner and outer telescoping members, thereby eliminating stickiness and the popping sound that are drawbacks of the prior art, and the fabric sleeve also provides general noise reduction when the spring assembly changes length.

Abstract: A utility vehicle is disclosed. The utility vehicle may include storage areas under the dash. The utility vehicle may include suspension systems for utility vehicles having shocks with both a fluidic stiffness adjustment and a mechanical stiffness adjustment. The utility vehicle may include an electrical power steering.

Abstract: A unique, adjustable collar for a shock absorber coil-over spring is positioned on top of the coil-over spring and below the shock lock nut. The collar serves as a bearing that can be adjusted to increase or decrease the tension applied to the coil-over spring making for easier adjustments. The collar in the preferred form has eight (8) conical gears that mate with corresponding teeth in the top. The gears are turned clockwise or counterclockwise to respectively raise or lower the ride height of the vehicle. A typical one quarter inch (¼?) socket extension or similar tool can be used to turn the gears.

Abstract: In a vehicle-height adjustment apparatus of a motorcycle having a hydraulic jack and a hydraulic pump attached to a hydraulic shock absorber, a structure is provided in which an oil return path of a hydraulic jack and a suction port of a hydraulic pump are not required to be opened in a sliding surface of a piston in a damper tube. In the vehicle-height adjustment apparatus of a motorcycle, an oil return path is opened in an outer flow path of the damper tube to cause the oil of a jack chamber to return to the oil chamber of the damper tube when a plunger of the hydraulic jack reaches a protruding end in the jack chamber.

Abstract: A cover member having plural peak portions and plural trough portions, and freely stretched and shrunk in an array direction of the plural peak portions and the plural trough portions or freely bent, the cover member includes: a hollow part formed in each of the plural peak portions, the hollow part being hollowed toward an inner side from a peak of each of the plural peak portions, being formed in a circumferential direction, and having edge parts, a bottom part and side parts located between the edge parts and the bottom part. The edge parts of the hollow part are brought into contact with each other before the side parts of the hollow part are brought into contact with each other, when at least one of the plural peak portions is subjected to force in a direction intersecting with the array direction from an outside.

Abstract: A thrust sliding bearing includes an synthetic resin-made annular bearing body having an annular upper surface, an annular outer peripheral surface, and an annular lower surface; a synthetic resin-made annular bearing body having an annular lower surface; a sheet metal-made reinforcement member having an annular lower surface and an annular upper surface; a synthetic resin-made thrust sliding bearing piece interposed between the annular upper surface of the reinforcement member and the annular lower surface of the bearing body; and a synthetic resin-made radial sliding bearing piece disposed between an annular inner peripheral surface of a hollow cylindrical portion of the reinforcement member and an annular outer peripheral surface of a hollow cylindrical portion of the bearing body.

Abstract: Conversion assemblies and conversion assemblies combined with automotive shock absorbing assemblies for automotive use, such as shocks and struts. There is disclosed herein, in combination, a conversion assembly and an automotive shock absorbing assembly for automotive use, said automotive shock absorbing assembly being selected from the group consisting of shocks and, struts.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to ensure that, during adjustment of a spring load by an adjuster, total fully-stretched lengths of an outer tube and an inner tube remain unchanged and the adjuster is prevented from protruding from an upper surface of a cap. In a hydraulic shock absorber 10, a spring load adjusting device 30 is configured such that an adjuster 31 is provided at an upper end portion of a vehicle body side tube 11, a push rod 33 that is moved up and down by the adjuster 31 is penetrated into a hollow portion of a hollow rod 23, a suspension spring 35 is pressurized by the push rod 33 that protrudes from the hollow portion of the hollow rod 23 to the inside of a wheel side tube 12, and the spring load of the suspension spring 35 can be adjusted by the up-and-down motion of the push rod 33 caused by the adjuster 31.

Abstract: An automobile hydraulic shock absorber includes a cylinder body, a piston, an upper support, a piston rod, a volume adjustment mechanism, first and second communicating passages, and a pressure-applying mechanism. The piston rod is attached to the upper support via a rubber cushion. The volume adjustment mechanism includes a free piston. The first and second communicating passages communicate the first oil chamber and second oil chamber with each other in the cylinder body via a diaphragm. The pressure-applying mechanism is disposed outside the cylinder body, movement thereof is restricted by the upper support, and the pressure-applying mechanism pushes the piston rod downward.

Abstract: A vehicle damper comprises a fluid filled cylinder, a piston for movement within the cylinder, at least two fluid ports formed in the piston and at least one shim at least partially blocking the ports. In one embodiment, a fluid collection area is formed between the ports and the shim, the collection area permitting communication between fluid in the ports. In another embodiment, the piston includes at least one aperture constructed and arranged to receive a threaded bleed valve.

Abstract: Methods for easily adjusting a shock and strut assembly to modify the ride height of a vehicle by providing one or more spacers to be placed between the lower spring seat mount and the spring seat plate that rests upon it in order to raise the ride height of a vehicle. Embodiments include a unique location for a lower spring seat mount. The position of the lower spring seat mount may be lowered to reduce the ride height of the vehicle, and one or more spacers may be inserted above the lower spring seat mount to raise the ride height of the vehicle.

Abstract: In the inside of a cylinder tube, there are provided a piston chamber and an adjusting chamber communicating each other, and these both chambers are filled with oil in a pressurized condition, and further, there are provided a piston moving in an axial direction in the piston chamber and a rod coupled to the piston. An elastic member is located in the inside of the adjusting chamber in a state that a reservoir tank is formed in the adjusting chamber by being compressed by pressurizing force of the oil, and impact is absorbed in such a way that the elastic member is caused to extend and contract by the oil flowing in/flowing out the reservoir tank by movement of the rod.

Abstract: A damper (D1) comprising an actuator A connected to a sprung member (B) side of a vehicle, the actuator having a motion converting mechanism (T) for converting a linear motion into a rotational motion and a motor (M) to which the rotational motion resulting from the conversion by the motion converting mechanism (T) is transmitted; a hydraulic damper (E), the hydraulic damper (E) having a cylinder (C), a piston (P) inserted slidably into the cylinder (C) and defining two pressure chambers within the cylinder (C), and a rod (R) connected at one end thereof to the piston (P), the linear motion of the actuator (A) being transmitted to one of the rod (R) and the cylinder (C), the other of the rod (R) and the cylinder (C) being connected to an unsprung member (W) side of the vehicle; a spring (1) accommodated within one of the two pressure chambers and biasing the hydraulic damper (E) in a damper compressing direction; and a spring (2) accommodated within the other pressure chamber and biasing the hydraulic damper

Abstract: A buffering, energy absorbing, system has tapered grooves within either the inner surface of a cylindrical main body or along the sides of a piston head to allow fluid flow, where the tapered grooves increasingly or decreasingly restrict the flow of fluid between the inside of the main body and an accumulator.

Abstract: A suspension device is equipped with a damper including a piston portion, a suspension spring, an upper seat, and a spring. The spring is arranged between the piston portion and the upper seat and is an elastic member for receiving a load from the damper. The spring has load characteristics in which hysteresis does not occur, whereby a dynamic spring constant can be small. Therefore, transmission of vibrations in a high-frequency range and an infinitesimal amplitude range is decreased. The spring has a main body that functions as a disc spring portion. Therefore, the spring constant in a direction perpendicular to an axis line of the damper is large, whereby stiffness in the direction perpendicular to the axis line is increased. As a result, ride quality is improved, and stable handling is obtained.

Abstract: A suspension strut includes a suspension strut bearing and a deflector seal. The suspension strut bearing has an upper portion mounted above a lower portion and a bearing seal mounted therebetween. The upper portion does not rotate with a steerable assembly while the lower portion does, with the upper portion including a lower surface adjacent to a seal opening. The deflector seal is elastomeric and is a toroidal shape, having a radially inner portion and a radially outer portion. The inner portion is secured against the lower portion of the strut bearing, and the outer portion is cantilevered outward from the inner portion to allow for elastic flexing of the outer portion. The outer portion allows for upward elastic flexing into contact with the lower surface of the upper portion of the strut bearing when a fluid or contaminant impinges upon a lower surface of the outer portion.

Abstract: A shock absorber housing for a shock absorber of a vehicle comprises a tube, which has a tubular wall, and an attaching element joined onto the tubular wall, the attaching element determining a critical force introduction area of an introduction of a force into the tubular wall, the tube in a longitudinal direction being built up from a first tube section having a first tubular wall and at least a second tube section having a second tubular wall, the first tube section and the second tube section being joined together by their ends facing one another. The first tube section and the second tube section are joined together with a tubular wall overlap of the first and second tubular wall, which overlap extends in a longitudinal direction, the tubular wall overlap being situated in the critical force introduction area of the attaching element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wheel suspension for motor vehicles, with a suspension strut which is formed from a shock absorber and a bearing spring, the bearing spring being supported by way of spring plates on the body of the motor vehicle and on the tube of the shock absorber, and a spring plate being movably guided relative to the body and able to be moved axially by means of an actuator relative to the shock absorber tube, and the suspension strut having a preloaded spring with a spring force which is opposite the bearing spring, which is supported on the body of the motor vehicle and also on the movable spring plate of the bearing spring. According to the invention, the actuator is located outside, in particular radially outside the suspension strut.

Abstract: A plastic spring having a corrugated tubular body with connection surfaces at its ends for transmitting force between two structural component parts which are movable relative to one another. A connection surface of the plastic spring is constructed as a tubular body which engages in a cup element of one of the supporting structural component parts. The cup element can be filled with a displacement mass, and the tubular body accordingly carries out a displacing movement within the cup element for axially adjusting the preloading of the plastic spring.

Abstract: A strut assembly includes a damper having a housing and a rod moveable relative to the housing along a longitudinal axis. The strut assembly includes a flexible membrane configured to receive a pressurized gas to form an air spring. A coil spring defines an inner diameter with the housing disposed within the inner diameter to permit relative movement between the coil spring and the housing. The coil spring is at least partially disposed outside the flexible membrane relative to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a spring system comprising a strut for arrangement between a dolly and a body of a rail vehicle with a cylinder and a piston displaceably received in the cylinder which bound a piston chamber, with the piston or the cylinder being connectable to the dolly and the other of the components being connectable to the body and with one or more spring which cushion the body with respect to the dolly, with a non-resilient hydraulic system which is in communication with the piston chamber and by means of which the amount of the hydraulic medium in the piston chamber can be varied for the purpose of adjusting the strut length, with an abutment member being provided by means of which the end position of the piston can be changed in the cylinder and with means being provided which are made such that the means actuates the abutment member when the piston chamber of the hydraulic system is pressure-less or the pressure in the piston chamber or in the hydraulic system falls below a value.

Abstract: A stabilizing device for axles of vehicles, such as motor vehicles, trailers, semi-trailers, or the like, including a hollow cylinder unit, which comprises a hollow cylinder containing a fluid therein, a piston unit with a piston which is arranged in the hollow cylinder and divides the hollow cylinder into at least two chambers, wherein the piston unit can slide relative to the hollow cylinder unit in that said piston unit can be moved from an original position to a deflected position, a pre-tensioning device which tensions the piston unit in the direction of the original position, and a control or regulating device which controls or regulates the fluid flow into/out of the chambers.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods and apparatus for easily adjusting a shock and strut assembly to modify the ride height of a vehicle by providing one or more spacers to be placed between the lower spring seat mount and the spring seat plate that rests upon it in order to raise the ride height of a vehicle. Embodiments include a unique location for a lower spring seat mount. The position of the lower spring seat mount may be lowered to reduce the ride height of the vehicle, and one or more spacers may be inserted above the lower spring seat mount to raise the ride height of the vehicle.

Abstract: A strut suspension includes a shock absorber, and a bearing portion that connects the shock absorber to a vehicle body such that the shock absorber can rotate. The bearing portion includes an inner race and an outer race. The thickness of the inner race increases toward the outside of the vehicle body in a vehicle-width direction. The thickness of the outer race decreases toward the outside of the vehicle body in the vehicle-width direction. As a result, a rotational axis of the bearing portion tilts outward in the vehicle-width direction, with respect to an absorber-axis of the shock absorber. Also, the rotational axis tilts inward in the vehicle-width direction, with respect to a kingpin axis.

Abstract: Provided is a height adjustable suspension unit that can smoothly lift and lower a vehicle body without the need to supply fluid to a shock absorber. The height adjustable suspension unit includes: a shock absorber S having a cylinder 1 and an extensible rod 2 disposed in the cylinder 1 to be able to advance and retract, the extensible rod 2 having an end portion that is coupled to a chassis X; a coil spring 4 mounted around the extensible rod 2, the coil spring 4 having a lower end supported on a spring base 3 that is attached to the upper end of the cylinder 1; and a lifting and lowering mechanism D including a gear mechanism A that is rotationally driven by a power source, a power conversion section B that converts power transmitted from the gear mechanism A into power to move the cylinder 1 up and down, and a guide section C that guides the up and down movement of the cylinder 1.

Abstract: A spring guide is provided between a coil spring and a cylindrical outer shaft member. The coil spring coaxially houses therein a shaft portion of a damper set in which an inner shaft member is fitted in the outer shaft member slidably in an axial direction of the spring guide. The spring guide includes a barrel, at least one first projecting portion, and at least one second projecting portion. The barrel has a substantially cylindrical shape and includes a first end portion and a second end portion opposite to the first end portion in the axial direction. The at least one first projecting portion is provided at the first end portion of the barrel to project toward an axis of the barrel. The at least one second projecting portion is provided at the second end portion of the barrel to project toward the axis of the barrel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for adjusting the height of the body of a motor vehicle having a bearing spring which is connected between the wheel guiding element of the wheel suspension and the body and which is supported on a spring disk which is vertically adjustable by way of an actuating device, and having an overload spring which limits a defined spring path in the deflection direction. According to the invention, the overload spring is assigned an actuating device with which the overload spring is vertically adjustable, preferably following the vertical adjustment of the spring disk.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle includes a plurality of spring assemblies, each spring assembly including, in combination, a coil spring and an air spring arranged around a common central axis, and being mounted above the rear axle of the vehicle. A method for improving a vehicle's ride, handling, and load-carrying capability includes providing the foregoing suspension system for which respective coil springs are positioned within respective housings; partially inflating respective air springs thereby causing respective coil springs to partially collapse into their housings when improvement to the ride is desired in combination with improvement in load-carrying ability; and completely inflating respective air springs thereby causing respective coil springs of the plurality of spring assemblies to substantially completely collapse into their housings when maximum load-carrying ability is desired.

Abstract: A strut assembly includes a damper having a housing and a rod moveable relative to the housing along a longitudinal axis. The strut assembly includes a flexible membrane configured to receive a pressurized gas to form an air spring. A coil spring defines an inner diameter with the housing disposed within the inner diameter to permit relative movement between the coil spring and the housing. The coil spring is at least partially disposed outside the flexible membrane relative to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An apparatus of a damper (46) for a bicycle comprising a housing defining a chamber, and a piston, movable in the chamber along a first direction. The apparatus further comprises a controllable means to vary the resistance to movement of the piston in the chamber, a sensor (62), and a controller (58) including a timer. Said sensor measures at least one dynamic quantity and produces an output signal based thereon. Said output signal is received by the controller, and said controller controls said controllable means based on said dynamic quantity as a function of time to control the level of damping. The invention further provides means for manually adjusting the level of rebound damping.