Abstract: A damper includes a cylinder tube having a first end connected to one portion of a member of an object for damping, and a fixing rod guide arranged to close a second end of the cylinder tube; a movable rod guide fitted on the first end of the cylinder tube; a main piston rod extending from the piston side, the piston fitted in the cylinder tube and passing through the fixing rod guide; a sub-piston rod extending on the piston side and passing through the movable rod guide; and a spring normally biasing the movable rod guide toward the piston. A damping force generation oil passage is arranged to connect first and second oil chambers in a cylinder tube defined by the piston. The number of parts of a through-rod type damper is reduced to simplify a construction thereof and to make the damper compact.

Abstract: A suspension system for a seat assembly of a machine includes an upper support member and a lower support member. A plurality of vertically aligned guide pins interconnect the upper and lower support members, and are telescopically movable to adjust a distance between the upper and lower support members. A plurality of suspension devices are operatively connected to the upper and lower support members for biasing the upper support member away from the lower support member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a shock absorber, “AIR FORCE”, that uses air pressure to support the weight of a vehicle. The shock absorber of the present invention comprises of a damper, which is a cylinder filled with oil and gas pressure, and an air pressure adjusting assembly. During the use, the piston presses against the air inside the cylinder. The softness and the hardness of the shock absorber is adjustable using an adjuster. The present shock absorber of the present invention use air pressure to support the weight of the vehicle instead of the use of spring. By manipulating the air pressure inside the cylinder, the softness and the hardness of the shock absorber can be adjusted. In addition, it can be used accompany with a damper.

Abstract: An air spring type suspension includes: a cylinder including an air chamber; an outer tube surrounding the cylinder and constituting a buffer chamber outside the cylinder, the buffer chamber connected to the air chamber; a damper capable of being inputted into and outputted from the air chamber; a piston rod in the air chamber and inserted into the damper; and an accumulator module constituting a control chamber connected to the buffer chamber, wherein a single closed space is constituted by the air chamber, the buffer chamber and the control chamber, and wherein a pressure change of the air chamber is induced by a pressure change of the control chamber.

Abstract: A pneumatic spring and damper unit (1) has working chambers (2,3) which are filled with compressed air and are partially defined by rolled bellows or corrugated bellows. The working chambers are superimposed and connected through throttle valves, arranged inside a common pot-shaped cylindrical housing (4), and separated by a cylindrical piston (7), in such a way that one working chamber (2) is arranged on the front side of the piston and the other working chamber (3) is arranged on the rear side of the piston. The piston and the piston rod (5) are respectively sealed by roller bellows inside the cylindrical housing and guided therein, and the piston rod and the piston are interconnected by an articulation (6).

Abstract: A multi-stage shock absorber with closed ends has a plurality of tubular shock bodies telescopically interconnected together, and includes a piston arrangement slidably mounted within certain of the shock bodies to define a number of chambers variously containing damping and/or spring elements for enabling damping of shock forces applied to the shock absorber.

Abstract: A front fork comprises a telescopic tube (1, 32) in which a damper cylinder (3) generates a damping force. The damper cylinder (3) comprises a guide sleeve (4) and a free piston (6) having an inner circumference which slides on the outer circumference of the guide sleeve (4) and an outer circumference which slides on the inner circumference of the damper cylinder (3). A lateral through-hole (11) formed in the guide sleeve (4) connects an auxiliary reservoir (R3) formed outside the damper cylinder (3) and an oil reservoir (R2) via a flow path (12) formed in the guide sleeve (4) according to the displacement position of the free piston (6), thereby reducing the number of seal members required to be fitted on the outer circumference of the free piston (6) and enabling the free piston (6) to slide smoothly even when the telescopic tube (1, 32) suffers a bending force.

Abstract: In a front fork in which a partition wall member is provided in an inner periphery of an inner tube, a working fluid chamber is comparted under the partition wall member and an oil reservoir chamber is comparted over the partition wall member, a main suspension spring is interposed between an upper spring bearing in a piston rod side attached to an outer tube side and a lower spring bearing in a bottom portion side of the inner tube, within the working fluid chamber of the inner tube, and a sub suspension spring is interposed between an upper spring bearing in an upper end portion side of the outer tube side and a lower spring bearing in the partition wall member provided in an inner periphery of the inner tube, within the oil reservoir chamber of the inner tube.

Abstract: In order to provide a damping element (4) in compact form for transportation as an individual part of a dismantled stand (1) and to be able to push a support (11) into a tube (2) to fix it there, it is proposed that the support (11) is relatively, in particular vertically and telescopically, displaceable with respect to tube (2), in that damping element (4) is connected at a first end (19) on support (11) to a component (20) for holding the appliance, in that damping element (4) is held by tube (2), in that a second, opposite end (21) of damping element (4) protrudes out of tube (2) when damping element (4) is relaxed, in that the second end (21) of damping element (4) can be shifted onto tube (2) or into it when damping element (4) is compressed, and in that second end (21) can be fastened in this compressed state by a fixing element (22) to fix support (11) in its position shifted towards tube (2).

Abstract: A gas spring suspension system that maximizes the travel of the suspension system. The suspension system includes an outer tube and an inner tube slidable within the outer tube. A piston assembly is slidably mounted in the inner tube to sealingly separate a positive spring and a negative gas chamber. A floating piston is slidably mounted in the inner tube to separate a gas chamber from the negative gas chamber. The positive spring biases the inner and outer tubes apart from each other and the negative gas chamber biases the inner and outer tubes toward each other. The floating piston is configured to slidably displace within the inner tube in response to pressure differentials between the negative gas chamber and the gas chamber.

Abstract: The front fork (100) includes a fork main body (3) in which an inner tube (2) is inserted into an outer tube (1) to enable free expansion and contraction, a damper (10) generates a damping force when a rod (5) moves within a cylinder (4) as the fork main body (3) expands and contracts, an air chamber (15) delimited by a free piston (16), which compensates for variation in the internal volume of the cylinder (4) caused by invasion and retreat of the rod (5) into and from the cylinder (4), a pressurizing spring (19) housed in the air chamber (15), which biases the free piston (16) in a direction for enlarging the air chamber (15), and a sub-spring (30) which biases the free piston (16) in a direction for shrinking the air chamber (15) in opposition to the pressurizing spring (19).

Abstract: A hydropneumatic suspension unit for a vehicle that includes an outer sleeve which defines a first chamber, and a damping piston which is arranged for sliding displacement in the first chamber. The first chamber contains gas mainly for providing spring action and liquid mainly for providing damping action. The gas is in direct contact with the liquid.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally relate to methods and apparatus for use in vehicle suspension. Particular embodiments of the invention relate to methods and apparatus useful for variable spring rate and/or variable damping rate vehicle suspension. In one embodiment, a shock absorber for a vehicle includes a gas spring having first and second gas chambers. The first chamber is utilized during a first travel portion of the shock absorber and the first and second chambers are both utilized during a second portion of travel. The shock absorber further includes a fluid isolated damper for regulating the speed of travel throughout both portions of travel.

Abstract: A driving device for pivoting a flap with respect to a body includes a cylindrical pressure tube having a closed first end and a second end with a seal, a piston dividing the pressure tube into a first working chamber and a second working chamber, a piston rod extending through the first working chamber and the seal, a gas under pressure in the first and second working chambers, and a sealing and guiding cap fixed to the second end of the pressure tube. An outer tube has a closed first end and an open second end which receives the pressure tube in a telescoping manner, thereby forming a third working chamber between the second end of the pressure tube and the first end of the outer tube, wherein a fluid can be conveyed into and out of the third working chamber.

Abstract: A both-side rod type damper (11) is arranged in a storage chamber (40) formed inside an inner tube (2) and an outer tube (3), rods (31) and (32) of the damper (11) are coupled so as to move by the same quantity in accordance with the extending or retracting operation of a front fork, a bearing (5) for slidably supporting the rod (32) is provided at a cylinder end, the bearing (5) is movable by a predetermined quantity in a radius direction and an axial direction of the rod relative to the cylinder, and the bearing (5) moves toward the inside of the cylinder to communicate the oil chamber R2 with the storage chamber (40) when the pressure of the storage chamber (40) is higher than the pressure of the oil chamber R2 in the damper (11), and the communication is shut down when the movement is made to the opposite side thereof.

Abstract: A suspension system dampens motion between two components of a vehicle, such as the wheels and the chassis. An assembly of a cylinder and a piston is connected to both components. The piston defines first and second chambers in the cylinder and has a shaft with an end surface exposed to pressure within a third chamber of the cylinder. A first accumulator is connected to the first chamber by a first accumulator valve and a second accumulator valve connects a second accumulator to the second chamber. A damping valve alternately connects the third chamber to either the second chamber or a fluid tank wherein that connection defines the stiffness of the suspension system and is made in response to force acting on the suspension system. A load leveling circuit also is described.

Abstract: A bicycle suspension assembly including an inertia valve is described. The suspension assembly includes first and second telescopingly engaged tubular portions configured to move closer together during compression of the suspension assembly. The bicycle suspension assembly may include an air spring tending to expand the bicycle suspension assembly.

Abstract: A damper for an airplane landing gear leg comprises a main strut (11) and a rod piston (13) co-operating with the strut (11) to define a main chamber (15) and annular chamber (16) for hydraulic fluid, and presenting internally two adjacent chambers (19, 20) that are isolated from each other by a separator piston (21). The damper (10) further comprises a first secondary strut (26) telescopically Slidable on the above-mentioned rod piston (13), and a second secondary strut (37) telescopically slidable on the other end of the first secondary strut (26). The two second annular chambers (31, 40) as defined in this way are respectively connected to associated control circuits thus enabling the total length of the damper to be shortened or lengthened respectively for the purpose of causing the landing gear to contract or to be extended.

Abstract: In a front fork apparatus of a two-wheeled vehicle or the like in which left and right front fork constituted by vehicle body side tubes and tire wheel side tubes which are slidably fitted to each other, are provided in both left and right sides of a front wheel, and a brake apparatus is attached only to the front fork in one side of the left and right sides, a thickness of the tire wheel side tube of the front fork in the one side to which the brake apparatus is attached, is made larger than a thickness of the tire wheel side tube of the front fork in the other side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a damping apparatus for moving furniture parts, for example doors, flaps or drawers. Such a damping apparatus of a compact construction which avoids a possible springing back movement of the furniture parts is provided in accordance with the invention in that the damping apparatus has at least two damping stages each having a cylinder having a piston longitudinally displaceable therein which exert a damping action of different strengths.

Abstract: A system for use in monitoring, measuring, computing and displaying the Kinetic Energy generated and experienced while aircraft are executing either normal, overweight or hard landing events. Pressure sensors and motion sensors are mounted in relation to each of the landing gear struts to monitor, measure and record the impact loads and aircraft touch-down vertical velocities experienced by landing gear struts, as the aircraft landing gear initially comes into contact with the ground. Velocity adjustments are made to correct for errors caused by landing gear per-charge pressure and landing gear strut seal friction. The system also measures the landing loads experienced by each landing gear strut during the landing event and determines if aircraft limitations have been exceeded.

Abstract: A system for use in monitoring, measuring, computing and displaying the initial touch-down descent velocity experienced while aircraft are executing either normal, overweight or hard landing events. Pressure sensors and motion sensors are mounted in relation to each of the landing gear struts to monitor, measure and record the impact loads and aircraft touch-down vertical velocities experienced by landing gear struts, as the aircraft landing gear initially comes into contact with the ground. Velocity adjustments are made to correct for errors caused by landing gear per-charge pressure and landing gear strut seal friction. The system also measures the landing loads experienced by each landing gear strut during the landing event and determines if aircraft limitations have been exceeded.

Abstract: A front fork of a two-wheeled vehicle or the like is disclosed in which an annular free valve is provided between a taper-like valve seat surface formed in an upper surface of a valve seat member fixed to an inner periphery of a lower end portion of an inner tube and a valve stopper so as to be movable upward and downward such that an annular gap is formed with respect to an outer periphery of a hollow pipe. A leaf spring energizing the free valve to the taper-like valve seat surface is provided in an upper side of the free valve, the leaf spring having an annular portion and a plurality of hook portions extending in a radial direction to an inner periphery of the annular portion, and being formed in a flat shape in a free state.

Abstract: A system for use in monitoring, measuring, computing and displaying the landing loads experienced while aircraft are executing either normal, overweight or hard landing events. Pressure sensors and motion sensors are mounted in relation to each of the landing gear struts to monitor, measure and record the impact loads and aircraft sink rates; experienced by landing gear struts, as the aircraft landing gear initially come into contact with the ground. The computer of this system measures the landing loads experienced by each landing gear strut and determines if a hard landing event has occurred. Additional features include automating the inspections required to aircraft components, after overweight or hard landing events.

Abstract: The motion damper includes a damper wall, damper stages, and a damper head. The damper wall and damper stages are successively smaller in size and have a nested relationship. The damper wall and damper stages are each flexibly attached to an adjacent damper stage or the damper wall such that the damper stages may deploy in a telescopic fashion away from the damper wall. The damper head is attached to a smallest damper stage. As a result, the damper stages change in position relative to the damper wall and relative to each other to absorb the kinetic energy of objects attached to the damper head and damper wall.

Abstract: Vibration damper includes a cylinder filled with a damping medium in which a piston rod with a piston is guided in an axially movable manner, wherein the piston divides the cylinder into a work space on the piston rod side and a work space remote of the piston rod. A bypass connects at least one of the two work spaces with a first work chamber in a housing in which an axially movable separating piston separates the first work chamber from a second work chamber, the bypass being controlled by a switchable valve.

Abstract: A compact air-bump stop (jounceshock) provides improved motor vehicle suspension system accommodation of jounce and rebound than is provided than by a conventional shock absorber, bump cushion and/or air-bump stop. In an independent jounceshock, a primary shell and a secondary shell are reversibly collapsible into each other, and a valved piston demarcates a primary chamber within the primary shell and a secondary chamber within the secondary shell, both of which being filled with a mixture of pressurized gas, preferably nitrogen, and oil. The valving of the valved piston allows for selectively unidirectional, metered movement of the oil therethrough in concert with the direction of movement of the secondary shell with respect to the primary shell. In an integrated jounceshock, a compact air-bump stop is integrated with a shock absorber.

Abstract: A suspension strut includes an outer tube having a first filling opening and a second filling opening, an intermediate wall received in the outer tube and separating a high pressure chamber from a low pressure chamber, a working cylinder located concentrically inside the outer tube in the high pressure chamber, and a gas filled separating envelope located between the working cylinder and the outer tube for pressurizing damping medium in the high pressure chamber. An axially displaceable piston divides the working cylinder into a first working space and a second working space, the first working space being connected to the high pressure chamber. A hollow piston rod passing through the second working space transports damping medium from the low pressure chamber to the first working space.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spring system for bicycles having a first load-applying segment and a second load-applying segment as well as at least one positive spring and at least one negative spring arranged to be effectively operable between the first and the second load applying segments.

Abstract: The hydraulic cylinder or shock absorber arrangement has a cylinder unit limiting an inner space in which a medium in the form of a gas or a liquid is intended to be placed. A forwardly and backwardly movable piston unit is placed such that it can slide within the space that is defined by the piston into a first chamber and a second chamber. An inlet/outlet is defined in the respective chambers of the cylinder unit for the addition to and removal of medium from the chambers together with devices that co-acts in order to determine the relative position of the piston within the cylinder unit.

Abstract: An impact damper for deceleration of a vehicle impacting on all obstacle by hydraulic damping forces and gas spring forces includes at least inner and outer pipes telescopically displaceable one inside the other and defining an annular space therebetween with a base closing one end of the inner pipe. A dividing piston is sealingly guided in the inner pipe. The inner pipe, the base, and the dividing piston define a gas space which holds gas under pressure. The inner pipe further defines a first liquid space separated from the gas space by the dividing piston. An intermediate wall is fastened to the inner pipe and includes a throttle opening therethrough connecting a second liquid space to the first liquid space. The annular space between the first and second pipes has one end sealed to the atmosphere and another end sealed by the intermediate wall. The annular space is connected to the second liquid space by a flow connection having a valve.

Abstract: Vibration damper, including a damping element and a pneumatic spring, wherein the damping element has a container tube, which is connected to a roll-off piston of the pneumatic spring. The roll-off piston is connected via an air suspension bellows acting as a rolling diaphragm to an external guide mounted concentrically and with freedom of axial movement with respect to the roll-off piston, the air suspension bellows and the roll-over piston forming the boundaries of a space filled with pressurized gas. The container tube is prepared for the installation of the roll-off piston by a non-cutting procedure suitable for mass production, wherein a length of tubing having the diameter of the container tube is mounted on a mandrel and clamped at both ends so that its length cannot change, and a pair of flow-turning/rotary-swaging rolls is pressed against the tubing and advanced toward each other to form an area of squeezed material.

Abstract: A damping device for movable furniture parts, such as doors or drawers, includes a cylinder filled with a free-flowing medium which is compressed by a piston which has a spring applied to it in its extended position. In order to provide a damping device of this type of smaller length, the cylinder includes a telescopic cylinder having at least two stages. A pressure spring is clamped between the bottom of the outer cylinder of the last stage and the piston of the first stage.

Abstract: A self-pumping, hydropneumatic suspension strut unit with an internal level control for a vehicle includes a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber for storing a damping medium under pressure. The high pressure chamber includes a gas cushion for displacing the damping medium therefrom when the damping medium is under less than a predetermined pressure. A working cylinder has a piston that defines a first volume of the working cylinder in fluid communication with the high pressure chamber. A piston rod is axially displaceable in inward and outward relative to the working cylinder. A pumping rod is axially mounted at one end in the working cylinder and a regulating bore is disposed at a first location of the pumping rod. The bore is closed when the first location is received in the piston rod and places the low pressure chamber in two-way fluid communication with the first volume when the regulating bore is open.

Abstract: A suspension system for a vehicle has an upper control arm and an associated lower control arm for mounting a wheel on the vehicle body. A hydro-pneumatic spring is connected between one of the control arms and the vehicle body. A compensating spring is associated with the hydro-pneumatic spring and is operable to act in opposition to the force exerted by the hydro-pneumatic spring as the hydro-pneumatic spring approaches full extension.

Abstract: The suspension strut of an embodiment of the invention includes a compressible fluid, a sleeve structure, a hydraulic tube adapted to contain a portion of the compressible fluid, a displacement rod and cavity piston coupled to the sleeve and adapted to move into the hydraulic tube upon the compression movement of the wheel and to move out of the hydraulic tube upon the rebound movement of the wheel, and a hydraulic seal located between the hydraulic tube and the displacement rod. The hydraulic tube defines a hydraulic cavity adapted to contain a portion of the compressible fluid and to cooperate with the compressible fluid to supply a suspending spring force that biases the wheel toward the surface.

Abstract: A suspension unit or suspension system includes an accumulator (112) for storing fluid under gas pressure and a motion damping unit (114) for storing fluid under pressure in fluid communication with each other. A valve arrangement (126) is located intermediate the accumulator (112) and the motion damping unit (114) to allow fluid under pressure to flow between the accumulator (112) and motion damping means (114). A piston (122) reactive to movement of the accumulator (112) and motion damping unit (114) with respect to each other is used to control the movement and fluid through the valve (126) so as to adjust the relative positions of the accumulator (112) and the motion damping unit (114). In one embodiment, the accumulator (112) is separate to the motion damping unit (114) and is connected thereto by a flexible hose or other conduit, whereas in another embodiment the accumulator (112) and motion damping unit (114) are a single unit in fluid communication with each other through the valve arrangement (126).

Abstract: The hydraulic cylinder or shock absorber arrangement has a cylinder unit limiting an inner space in which a medium in the form of a gas or a liquid is intended to be placed. A forwardly and backwardly movable piston unit is placed such that it can slide within the space that is defined by the piston into a first chamber and a second chamber. An inlet/outlet is defined in the respective chambers of the cylinder unit for the addition to and removal of medium from the chambers together with devices that co-acts in order to determine the relative position of the piston within the cylinder unit.

Abstract: In a hydraulic shock absorber in which a piston is slidably in contact with an inner periphery of an inner tube, a cross sectional area S1 of an annular oil chamber which is sectioned by an inner periphery of an outer tube and an outer periphery of the inner tube is formed larger than a cross sectional area of a piston rod. A check valve which inhibits a flow from an oil chamber to an oil storage chamber at a time of an expansion side stroke is provided in a partition member which is provided in an inner periphery of the inner tube, and a micro flow passage which communicates the oil chamber with the oil storage chamber is provided in the partition member.

Abstract: An impact damper as a connecting member between a bumper and a chassis of a motor vehicle for the purpose of damping the shock loading during a collision between this motor vehicle and an obstacle through hydraulic damping forces and gas-spring forces. This impact damper includes an inner tube which can be displaced telescopically inside an outer tube, thereby changing the volume of a pressurized gas space, which interact by means of a separating piston with a first liquid space, which communicates hydraulically via a restriction orifice with a second liquid space, which is bounded by a deformation element. The separating piston is arranged in a floating manner in the inner tube and thereby brings about a static equilibrium by pressure compensation in the liquid spaces and in the gas space.

Abstract: Shock absorber, having a cylinder in which a piston rod is arranged as a displacer and which has a piston which subdivides a working space filled with damping medium into two working chambers. Arranged concentrically with this cylinder is an outer tube which, together with the cylinder, forms an annular space sealed off from the atmosphere by seals. The outer tube, together with the piston rod, executes a synchronous movement relative to the cylinder as a function of the reciprocating movement. At least one of the seals of the annular space is arranged in a fixed location with respect to the cylinder, and at least another one of the seals is arranged in a fixed location with respect to the outer tube, so that the annular space has a volume which varies as a function of the reciprocating position of the shock absorber. The annular space is connected via at least one flow connection to at least one of the working chambers.

Abstract: A telescopic vibration damper, comprising a pressure tube filled with a damping medium, in which a piston rod is arranged such that it can move axially, the pressure tube being axially displaceably guided in an intermediate tube. An annular chamber between the pressure tube and the intermediate tube is likewise filled with the damping medium, there being a flow connection between the pressure tube and the annular chamber, and a compensating chamber accommodates the displaced volume of the components that can be telescoped toward one another. The annular chamber formed by the intermediate tube and the pressure tube, and the pressure tube, are hydraulically separated from the compensating chamber.

Abstract: A front suspension fork for cycles includes an inverted U-shaped reversed arch having downwardly extending legs that are integral with the upper ends of the outer sections of the telescopic fork, thereby to define a rigid unitary slider component fork. The reversed arch is inclined rearwardly at an acute angle relative to the vertical plane of the fork. Strengthening mass portions extend forwardly from the lower ends of the arch between the inner fork sections, thereby to increase the rigidity of the slider component without interfering with brake operation.

Abstract: A flow restriction part (10) which provides a resistance to high speed oil is provided in a reservoir (R), and an air chamber (A2) which contracts according to an oil pressure is disposed underneath this flow restriction part (10). Providing such flow restriction part and air chamber in addition to an air chamber (A1), a repulsive force when the front fork contracts at high speed, such as during sudden braking, increases larger than during normal contraction while mechanical vibration caused by road unevenness during normal running is absorbed.

Abstract: A vehicle suspension is provided. The suspension includes a first assembly that is mounted between the vehicle axle and frame and provides controlling damping of movement of the unsprung mass of the vehicle. The suspension also includes a second assembly that is mounted to the vehicle frame and provides controlled damping of movement of a spring disposed against the vehicle frame. The first and second assemblies are in fluid communication. The suspension allows the spring to be mounted remotely from the vehicle axle and increases roll stiffness of the vehicle by allowing spring reaction points to be moved outboard of the vehicle frame rails.

Abstract: Spring characteristics are switched in response to running conditions or use requirements of a bicycle in order to improve riding comfort and vehicle performance. A rod 2 is connected to a piston 3 which slides in a cylinder 1, a piston-side chamber (A) and a rod-side chamber (B) are partitioned in the cylinder 1 by the piston 3 and compressed air fills the two chambers, a passage 4 which connects the two chambers is opened and closed by a switch valve 5, the cylinder 1 is connected to the vehicle wheels and the piston rod 2 is connected to the vehicle body, the piston 3 displaces in response to vibration applied to the vehicle body in order to absorb vibrations.

Abstract: A vehicle suspension and bearing therefor providing improved slidability of members and torque resistance. The bearing includes a first member with at least one guide track, a second member with rolling element openings and a collar positioned within the second member to rotatably receive rolling elements positioned within the rolling element openings and guided by the at least one guide track. Another embodiment includes rolling element holders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a spring system for bicycles having a first load-applying segment (22) and a second load-applying segment (26) as well as at least one positive spring (14) and at least one negative spring (12, 88) arranged to be effectively operable between said first and said second load-applying segment (26).

Abstract: A shock absorber includes opposing first and second cylinders and first and second pistons disposed in and cooperating with the first and second cylinders to confine first, second and third chambers thereamong. The second and third chambers are filled with a damper-fluid. The second piston is formed with first and second down-flow channels and an up-flow channel for permitting up and down-flows of the damper-fluid between the second and third chambers. A hollow shaft extends in the first and second cylinders and is formed with an opening for permitting the down-flow of the damper-fluid via the second down-flow channel. A damping adjusting rod is mounted in the shaft and is movable in an axial direction to a first axial position, in which, the opening is blocked by the damping adjusting rod, and to a second axial position, in which, the damping adjusting rod moves away from the opening.

Abstract: The hydraulic cylinder or shock absorber arrangement has a cylinder unit limiting an inner space in which a medium in the form of a gas or a liquid is intended to be placed. A forwardly and backwardly movable piston unit is placed such that it can slide within the space that is defined by the piston into a first chamber and a second chamber. An inlet/outlet is defined in the respective chambers of the cylinder unit for the addition to and removal of medium from the chambers together with devices which co-act in order to determine the relative position of the piston within the cylinder unit, an active first part of which is attached to the cylinder unit and arranged stretching into a recess that is arranged in the piston unit.