Abstract: A device for preventing a substrate from jamming in a copier includes a guide member that directs a substrate from a substrate supply tray to a photosensitive member. The guide member is adapted to be vibrated by a vibration generator in order to prevent substrates passing through the guide member from jamming.

Abstract: A sorter connection apparatus disposed between a copying machine and a sorter, which is capable of feeding individually copy sheets discharged from the copying machine into the sorter, comprising a lower guide plate connecting the sheet outlet of the copying machine to the sheet inlet of the sorter, an upper guide plate situated above the lower guide plate, mounted detachably on the lower guide plate through a detachment device, and a sheet transportation roller which is in contact with the lower surface of the upper guide plate and at least the outer peripheral portion of which is made of an elastic material which can be easily deformed under application of pressure thereto. The sheets are transported, while held between the upper guide plate and the sheet transportation roller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transporting documents in first and second adjacent parallel transport paths in aligned rows of two documents transverse to the paths and for arranging the documents into a single stack of documents wherein the two adjacent documents of each row in the transport paths are stacked one on top of another so that the document from the first path is below the adjacent document from the second path.

Abstract: This specification discloses improvements in a separating mechanism for forcibly separating transfer medium from an image bearing member after the visible image on the image bearing member has been transferred to the transfer medium. In the separating mechanism having a separation guide disposed between the image bearing member and a side edge of the transfer medium to direct the transfer medium away from the image bearing member, the separation guide has one end as a supported end and the other end as a free end and the free end of the separation guide is supported from the non-image bearing member side by a keep member and from the image bearing member side by a release member. Thus, the separating mechanism of the present invention can readily and positively effect treatment of jammed transfer medium which would be attributable to abnormal transport of the transfer medium, by a simple construction.