Abstract: A piezoelectric valve includes: a valve main part including a gas pressure chamber receiving compressed gas supplied from outside; a plate inside the valve main part, and an actuator fixed to the plate and inside the valve main part, which is a case with an opening on a front surface. The plate includes a gas discharge path and a valve seat coming into contact with a valve element of the actuator opening and closing the gas discharge path. A lid member that closes the opening of the case has a gas discharge opening communicating with the gas discharge path of the plate; is welded and fixed to a front surface of the plate, where the gas discharge path opens, on an annular welded part surrounding the gas discharge opening; and is welded and fixed to an end surface of the case on an annular welded part on the outer peripheral part.

Abstract: Reducing an overlay error in nanoimprint lithography includes forming an imprinted substrate having pairs of corresponding peripheral overlay marks and corresponding central overlay marks on the imprinted substrate. An in-plane overlay error is assessed based on relative positions of corresponding central overlay marks, and a combined overlay error is assessed based on relative positions of corresponding peripheral overlay marks. A difference between the combined overlay error and the in-plane overlay error is assessed to yield an adjusted overlay error for each pair of corresponding peripheral overlay marks.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus is capable of decreasing a space capacity occupied by component elements and being downsized compared to a case where an actuator is arranged independently of a supporting unit. The image pickup apparatus has an image pickup unit driven by the actuator, a base unit, and the supporting unit provided in a standing manner from the base unit and rotatably supports the image pickup unit. The actuator has a piezoelectric element and an oscillator including a transmission unit which transmits driving force caused by vibration excited by the piezoelectric element. The transmission unit is arranged in the supporting unit so that it is in pressure contact with the image pickup unit. The image pickup unit has a transmitted plane with which the transmission unit is brought into pressure contact, and the vibration excited by the oscillator causes the transmitted plane to move relatively to the oscillator.

Abstract: A piezoelectric driving device includes a supporting section, a first moving section movable in a first direction relative to the supporting section, a second moving section movable in a second direction relative to the first moving section, a first driving section configured to drive a first piezoelectric actuator to move the first moving section relative to the supporting section and stop the first piezoelectric actuator to hold the first moving section on the supporting section, and a second driving section configured to drive a second piezoelectric actuator to move the second moving section relative to the first moving section and stop the second piezoelectric actuator to hold the second moving section on the first moving section. A first holding force for holding the first moving section on the supporting section and a second holding force for holding the second moving section on the first moving section are different from each other.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor includes a vibrator configured to generate a vibration, a relatively movable member configured to be movable by the vibrator, wherein the relatively movable member is movable relatively according to the vibration of the vibrator, a holding unit configured to hold the vibrator, wherein the holding unit includes a first holding member configured to hold the vibrator and a second holding member; and a damping member provided between the vibrator and the second holding member and configured to reduce a vibration transmitted to the second holding member, a pressure unit configured to press the vibrator against the relatively movable member, wherein the second holding member is configured to press the vibrator against the relatively movable member, and wherein the first holding member is made of a material having a higher damping capability against the vibrator than a material of the second holding member.

Abstract: A piezoelectric drive device includes first and second piezoelectric vibration modules pressed toward a driven portion and including a vibration portion and a transmission portion abutting the driven portion and transmitting vibration to the driven portion and a controller. A pressing force of the second module to the driven portion is greater than that of the first module. The controller drives the second module so that the transmission portion of the second module performs longitudinal vibration vibrating in the pressing direction while driving the first module so that the transmission portion of the first module performs bending vibration that is a composite of longitudinal vibration in a pressing direction and lateral vibration intersecting the pressing direction.

Abstract: Reducing an overlay error in nanoimprint lithography includes forming an imprinted substrate having pairs of corresponding peripheral overlay marks and corresponding central overlay marks on the imprinted substrate. An in-plane overlay error is assessed based on relative positions of corresponding central overlay marks, and a combined overlay error is assessed based on relative positions of corresponding peripheral overlay marks. A difference between the combined overlay error and the in-plane overlay error is assessed to yield an adjusted overlay error for each pair of corresponding peripheral overlay marks.

Abstract: An original plate includes a substrate, a pattern region in which a fine pattern is disposed on the substrate, a mark region in which a mark, including an unevenness used for alignment with a transfer receiving body on the substrate, is disposed, a first film disposed in a concave portion of the mark region and having high contrast with respect to the substrate, and a second film covering the mark region and having contrast with respect to the substrate lower than that of the first film.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for diagnosing rotor shaft are disclosed herein. The apparatus for diagnosing a rotor shaft that is installed in a bearing so that the rotor shaft is rotated around an axis of rotation includes a measurement unit, a calculation unit, an image generation unit, and a diagnosis unit. The measurement unit measures first vibration signals at two points of the rotor shaft located on a surface perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The calculation unit generates second vibration signals, which are vibration signals at points located in a plane identical to the plane of the two points of the rotor shaft at which the first vibration signals are measured, based on the first vibration signals. The image generation unit generates an image based on the second vibration signals. The diagnosis unit diagnoses the rotor shaft based on the generated image.

Abstract: We describe a nanopositioning device comprising: a mount and a moving stage held within said mount, preferably by sets of flexures on opposite sides of the stage such that the stage is displaceable in a longitudinal direction within said mount. A piezoelectric actuator is mechanically coupled to said stage to controllably displace the stage in a longitudinal direction. In embodiments the flexures comprise metal leaves having a plane extending between the stage and the mount perpendicular to said longitudinal direction. The device includes various additional features to improve resolution, frequency response and the like.

Abstract: A stick-slip stage device includes a carriage assembly configured to support a payload, the carriage assembly comprising at least three piezoelectric stick-slip actuators each having one or more contact points. At least two rails are positioned on opposing sides of the carriage assembly and configured to interact with one or more of the contact points to form a guideway for movement of the carriage assembly. A fixed structure connects the at least two rails and is configured to generate a friction force between the at least two rails and one or more of the contact points of the at least three piezoelectric stick-slip actuators. A method of making a stick-slip stage device is also disclosed.

Abstract: An adjustable compact mount that may include an integrated configuration that is suitable for use in confined spaces. Some adjustable compact mount embodiments may include a threaded drive screw that is completely disposed within an outer perimeter of the base during use. End caps of high density material may be used to facilitate the compactness of certain embodiments while enabling efficient use of piezoelectric type drive motors for the adjustable compact mounts. Certain coatings may be used on components of some embodiments in order to increase durability.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembly for an ultrasonic motor, comprising an actuator body, an actuator retainer that accommodates the actuator body, an actuator bearing, and a friction element driven by the actuator body, wherein there is planar frictional contact between the actuator body and the friction element and the assembly has an optimized tilt axis, about which the actuator retainer and/or the friction element can be pivoted and which is arranged at a distance from the center of gravity of the actuator body and is shifted in the direction of the section of the friction element touched by the actuator body.

Abstract: Wind turbine blade comprising at least one deformable trailing edge section having a plurality of actuators consecutively arranged substantially downstream from one another and a control system for controlling the actuators, wherein a downstream end of one actuator is connected by a substantially rigid link with an upstream end of the next actuator and the plurality of actuators comprises an upper actuator being mounted above a chord line of the blade section and a lower actuator being mounted below a chord line of the blade section. Wind turbines comprising such a blade and methods of controlling loads on a wind turbine blade are also described.

Abstract: Intravascular medical devices comprising a coating layer disposed on a substrate associated with the medical device, wherein the coating layer has a pre-determined fragmentation pattern. At least a portion of the coating layer comprises a plurality of discontinuous bioresorbable members, wherein the discontinuous bioresorbable members have a size less than the luminal diameter of an arteriole. The coating layer may be formed by excavating portions of a coating layer (e.g., by laser ablation) to create gaps which define the discontinuous bioresorbable members. In certain embodiments, the coating layer is formed of a heat-bondable material. In such embodiments, the discontinuous bioresorbable members may be adhered to the substrate via heat bonds. Also disclosed are methods of forming a coating layer on medical devices and methods of treating intravascular sites.

Abstract: An actuator device and a method for manufacturing the actuator device, which is formed by stacking and rolling films of electrostrictive material into a cylindrical body and can ensure electrical connection with inner electrodes at both end portions of the cylindrical body. The actuator device is formed by stacking and rolling two films of electrostrictive material into a cylindrical body, the two films each having an inner electrode on one or both surfaces thereof. The cylindrical body has at least one cut portion at each end portion thereof, the cut portion being configured to reach the inner electrode (electrode pattern). By applying conductive ink to each of the cut portions, the conductive ink flows through the cut portions and reaches the inner electrodes on the films. By heat-hardening the conductive ink, it is possible to ensure electrical connection between outer and inner electrodes.

Abstract: A correcting optical device according to an aspect of the present invention in which, when image shake is not corrected, a restricting member is caused to engage an engaging portion, to restrict translational movement of a movable member, and in which, when the image shake is corrected, the restricting member is caused to disengage the engaging portion, to cause the movable member to be in a state capable of the translational movement, the restricting member being provided at the rotary member, the engaging portion being provided at the movable member. A driving unit drives the movable member in a direction in which the movable member moves translationally with respect to a fixed member in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of a correcting lens, so that the correcting lens corrects the image shake, and drives the rotary member in a direction in which the rotary member rotates around the optical axis.

Abstract: A moving mechanism includes a first moving body arranged to move in a first direction relative to a support, a second moving body provided on a side of the support with the first moving body therebetween, and moves in a second direction intersecting the first direction relative to the first moving body, and a first vibrating body arranged in the support and biased to press the moving body or is arranged in the first moving body and biased to press the support. A direction in which first and second grooves face each other intersects a direction in which the support and the moving body face each other, and a biasing direction in which the first vibrating body is biased intersects the direction in which the first and second grooves face each other and the direction in which the support and the moving body face each other.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor includes a vibrator including a contact surface that is brought into contact with a member to be driven, and a piezoelectric element fixed thereto, the vibrator configured to drive the member to be driven by an ultrasonic vibration excited by the piezoelectric element; and a pressurization unit supported by a fixing unit, the pressurization unit configured to apply a bias force to the vibrator so as to impress the contact surface against the member to be driven. The pressurization unit includes a pressurization member held by the fixing unit so as to move in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface while being restricted to move in a direction parallel to the contact surface; and an elastic member that applies an impressing force in the direction perpendicular to the contact surface to the vibrator via the pressurization member.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising at least one tubular piezo element for the electro mechanical positioning of a slider within the piezo element. The device has least one elastic friction means for exerting a normal force on the slider, the friction means being connected to the piezo element. A method for controlling the device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A two-axis inertial positioner comprises a cascaded stack of orthogonal actuators mounted on a base and a platform frictionally mounted to the top surface of one of the actuators. An alignment cartridge overlies the platform and a clamp block overlies the alignment cartridge. Ball and groove bearings are provided between the platform, alignment cartridge and clamp block to provide two axes of motion corresponding to the two operational axes of the actuators.

Abstract: A vibration wave driving apparatus can match the vibration direction of a projecting portion of a vibrator to the displacement direction of a contacting portion of a driven body so that the projecting portion of the vibrator and the contacting portion of the driven body can be brought into contact and driven with stability. The vibration direction of the projecting portion is affected by selecting the position of the projecting portion relative to the nodes of vibration.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to a vibration type drive device including: a mechanical energy application element; a resilient member provided with the mechanical energy application element; a driven member subjected to a relative displacement with respect to the resilient member due to a vibration excited by the resilient member, wherein the resilient member includes a conductive material, and does not constitute an electric closed loop.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a piezo-electrically actuated membrane (ex.—a tuner) configured for use with a tunable cavity filter. The piezo-electrically actuated tuner may be formed of printed circuit board materials and may be placed over the cavities of the tunable cavity filter. Further, the piezo-electrically actuated tuner may promote high level performance of the tunable cavity filter, while allowing the tunable cavity filter to be tunable across wide bands.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an ultrasonic motor unit includes a piezoelectric element, a holder member, a pressing member, a pressing auxiliary member, a driven member, an ultrasonic motor accommodation member, a power extraction member. The piezoelectric element has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. The holder member holds the piezoelectric element so as to cover an outer surface of a portion of the piezoelectric element. The pressing member applies a predetermined pressing force to the piezoelectric element. The pressing auxiliary member transfers a pressing force generated by the pressing member to the holder member. The driven member is in contact with one end face of the piezoelectric element. The power extraction member is coupled to the ultrasonic motor accommodation member to form a joint portion. The ultrasonic motor unit is formed by connecting a plurality of sections each formed by coupling the ultrasonic motor accommodation member to the power extraction member.

Abstract: A vibration actuator comprising: a vibration portion which contacts a relative movement portion, and produces necessary vibration for a relative movement of the relative movement portion; a first member provided to hold the relative movement portion between the first member and the vibration portion, and moves relative to the vibration portion in response to movement of the relative movement portion with respect to the vibration portion; a second member which faces the first member via a rolling member, and supports the first member so that the first member is movable relative to the vibration portion; and a pressing member which generate a pressing force between the second member and the vibration portion so that the vibration portion and the relative movement portion are in contact with each othercome in contact with each other; and wherein the first member comprises a plastic substance.

Abstract: An actuator, includes: a movable plate; a supporter to support the movable plate; a pair of linking portions to link the movable plate and the supporter so as to allow the movable plate to rotate relative to the supporter; and a piezoelectric element to rotate the movable plate. The piezoelectric element elongated and contracted by an energization twists the pair of linking portions to rotate the movable plate, and each of the pair of the linking portions includes an axial member extending from the movable plate and a returned portion that links the axial member and the supporter and is formed so as to return to a side adjacent to the movable plate.

Abstract: A handler includes a supporting section, a holding section configured to hold an IC chip, and a position changing section between the supporting section and the holding section and configured to change the position of the IC chip held by the holding section. The position changing section includes a two-dimensional moving section that is movable in a predetermined direction, a pivoting section that is pivotable with respect to the two-dimensional moving section, and a piezoelectric actuator configured to move the two-dimensional moving section with respect to the supporting section.

Abstract: A method, computer readable medium, and apparatus for controlling a moveable element includes generating and providing with a control device one or more driving signals to one or more positioning actuators to move the moveable element towards a target position based on a target travel distance and a calibration value. The control device determines when a post-movement position of the moveable element is outside of a tolerance range of the target position. The control device recalibrates the calibration value when the post-movement position is determined to be outside of the tolerance range. The control device repeats the generating, the determining, and the recalibrating as open loop steps until the post-movement position is within the tolerance range or until a limit, if any, on attempts is reached.

Abstract: A motor device comprises a transmission substrate formed with a transmission portion that is wound around at least part of the outer periphery of a rotator; and a driving substrate that has a driving portion which moves the transmission portion by a certain distance in a state in which a rotational force is transmitted between the rotator and the transmission portion returns the transmission portion to a predetermined position in a state in which the rotation force transmission state is released, and is connected to the transmission substrate so that the driving force due to the driving portion acts on the transmission portion.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor in which driving signals of two phases are applied to a vibrator having a driving member in contact with a driven member to simultaneously generate a longitudinal vibration and a flexural vibration, thereby generating an elliptic vibration in the vibrator, and the driving member frictionally drives the driven member upon obtaining a driving force from the elliptic vibration, is configured as follows. Namely, the ultrasonic motor includes a driving phase difference switching unit which switches a driving phase difference serving as a phase difference between the driving signals of the two phases, and changes a switching cycle of the driving phase difference.

Abstract: A display system is disclosed. The display system includes a display for presenting a visual output to a user, a piezoelectric element overlaying the display, and a rotor disposed adjacent the piezoelectric element and in mechanical communication therewith, wherein a selective energizing of the piezoelectric element causes a rotational movement of the rotor.

Abstract: A vibration wave driven apparatus includes a vibrator configured to generate vibration, a rotor configured to be in frictional contact with the vibrator and to rotate about an axis of rotation, and a transmitting member configured to rotate about the axis and to transmit rotation of the rotor to an external component. A part of the transmitting member forms a worm portion of a worm gear.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator mechanism including: a screw-driven feeding mechanism that has a feed screw (11) and a feed screw nut (14); a disc-shaped rotor (17) mounted on the rear-end face of the feed screw nut (14); an ultrasonic motor (18) having a piezoelectric vibrator (19) that comes in contact with the circumference face of the rotor (17); and a driven mounting portion that is pressed against the leading end of the feed screw 11 by spring force, and displaced and positioned by the feeding operation of the feed screw. The driven mounting portion can be made to be a mirror holder (1) for use in an optical system, or a movable table (21) of a linear stage.

Abstract: A driver (100f) comprises a base section (110), a movable stage section (130) for mounting a driven article (12), a resilient section (120) for connecting the base section and the stage section and exhibiting resiliency for moving the stage section along one direction (Y axis), and a section (161, 162, 22) which applies a shaking force to the resilient section in order to move the stage section to oscillate alone the one direction at a resonance frequency determined by the stage section and the resilient section.

Abstract: A multi-axis actuating apparatus for a nano-positioning apparatus includes a movable element attached to a sample platform, a plurality of driving elements, and a plurality of actuators. The driving elements frictionally engage the movable element and are configured to selectively move the movable element along a first direction. The plurality of actuators move the plurality of driving elements when driving signals are applied to the plurality of actuators. Different driving signals may be applied to the plurality of actuators to cause different movement of the driving elements such that the movable element has different displacements in different directions along the plurality of driving elements. The movable element is titled due to the different displacements.

Abstract: A supporting structure for an actuator body, which can prevent reduction of vibration of an actuator body and maintain a contact state of a driver element with an abutment body in a stable manner even when the driver element receives reactive force from the abutment body is realized. An ultrasonic actuator (2) includes an actuator body (4) for generating vibration, driver elements (8), provided on a mounting surface (40a) of the actuator body (4), for outputting driving force, a pressing rubber (62) for pressing the actuator body (4) to a stage (11), a case (5) to which the actuator body (4) is coupled, and a plate spring (61) for elastically supporting the actuator body (4) relative to the case (5). The plate spring (61) supports the mounting surface (40a) of the actuator body (4) on which the driver elements 8 are provided.

Abstract: A driving apparatus (100) is provided with: a base part (110); a stage part (130) on which a driven object (150) is mounted and which can be displaced; an elastic part (120) which has elasticity for displacing the stage part along one direction (Y axis); and an applying part (110) for applying to the base part microvibration for displacing the stage part (130) such that the stage part (130) resonates along the one direction (Y axis) at a resonance frequency determined by the elastic part (120) and the stage part (130), the microvibration is non-directional microvibration as non-directional vibrational energy.

Abstract: A fitting structure for fitting a piezoelectric element to an actuator base that includes an opening that formed in the actuator base and accommodates the piezoelectric element, a receiver that inwardly protrudes from an inner circumferential edge of the opening and receives the piezoelectric element, a hole defined by an inner end of the receiver and communicates with the opening, a protrusion that protrudes from the inner end of the receiver onto the hole and faces the piezoelectric element through the hole, an adhesive part filled in a space defined by the piezoelectric element, the inner circumferential edge, and the receiver and is solidified in the space to adhere the piezoelectric element to the inner circumferential edge and the receiver, and a stopper formed on one of the receiver and protrusion and stops a capillary phenomenon of the adhesive between the piezoelectric element and the receiver and protrusion.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrasonic motor device which is easy to downsize and superior in assembling workability. The ultrasonic motor device includes a first ultrasonic motor unit and a second ultrasonic motor unit each of which includes: a vibrator which periodically vibrates; a case which accommodates the vibrator; a moving member which is in contact with the vibrator; and a biasing member which applies a pressing force to the moving member and the vibrator to bring the moving member and the vibrator into pressing contact with each other; a base member to which the case of the first ultrasonic motor unit is fixed; a first frame which is fixed to the moving member of the first ultrasonic motor unit and to which the case of the second ultrasonic motor unit is fixed; and a second frame which is fixed to the moving member of the second ultrasonic motor unit.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motorized stage includes a base part, first and second tables, first and second linear ultrasonic motors which respectively drive the first and the second tables, and first and second optical linear sensors which respectively detect the amount of move of the first and the second tables. The first and the second linear ultrasonic motors and the first and the second optical linear sensors are arranged in positions, which are at sides other than the front side of the ultrasonic motorized stage and prevent wear debris generated when the first and/or the second linear ultrasonic motor is driven from affecting the first and the second optical linear sensors, so that the first and the second linear ultrasonic motors and the first and the second optical linear sensors do not protrude upward from the upper surface of the second table.

Abstract: A driving device includes a motor, a first rotating portion, a second rotating portion, a piezoelectric assembly, and a controlling unit. The motor includes a rotating shaft. The first rotating portion is fixed to the rotating shaft. The second rotating portion is engaged with the first rotating portion. The piezoelectric assembly is sandwiched between the first rotating portion and the second rotating portion. The controlling unit is electrically connected to the motor and the piezoelectric assembly. The controlling unit is configured for storing a predetermined voltage, and determining whether an electric voltage output by the piezoelectric assembly is greater than or equal to the predetermined voltage and inactivating the motor if the electric voltage output by the piezoelectric assembly is greater than or equal to the predetermined voltage. A protection method for the driving device is also provided.

Abstract: An ultrasonic motor drive apparatus comprises a piezoelectric element 107 having a plurality of piezoelectrically active regions, in which longitudinal vibration and flexural vibration are induced with application of alternate signals to the plurality of piezoelectrically active regions, a piezoelectric element holder 108 that is fixedly attached to the piezoelectric element, covering the neighborhood of a common node of the longitudinal vibration and the flexural vibration induced in the piezoelectric element all along the circumference of the central portion of the piezoelectric element with respect to the longitudinal direction, a vibrator holder 103 having a plurality of openings, a driven member 104 having a substantially spherical shape, an output shaft 106 attached to the driven member, through which power output of the driven member is transmitted, a pressing member 102 that brings the driven member 104 and the piezoelectric member into pressure contact with each other along the third direction, a cap

Abstract: A driving apparatus comprises: an electromechanical conversion element that expands and contracts in an extending direction of a given fiducial line; a driving shaft mounted on one end of the electromechanical conversion element in the extending direction; a driven member frictionally engaged with the driving shaft; a holder that supports the electromechanical conversion element from lateral sides with respect to extending direction; and an urging member that urges the electromechanical conversion element in the extending direction.

Abstract: A linear drive ultrasonic motor includes at least an ultrasonic vibrator having a piezoelectric element, a driven member which is driven by a frictional force between the driven member and the ultrasonic vibrator, a pressing member which presses the ultrasonic vibrator such that a frictional force is generated between the ultrasonic vibrator and the driven member, a guiding mechanism which movably supports the driven member, and a case member which accommodates the ultrasonic vibrator, the pressing member, and the guiding means. The case member includes a first opening portion for making the driven member pass through, and a second opening portion which opens in a direction different from a direction in which the first opening portion opens and a direction of pressing by the pressing member.

Abstract: A driving apparatus comprises: an electromechanical conversion element that expands and contracts in an extending direction of a given fiducial line; a driving shaft mounted on one end of the electromechanical conversion element in the extending direction; a driven member frictionally engaged with the driving shaft; a holder that supports the electromechanical conversion element and comprises a bearing portion for the driving shaft; and an inclination adjusting mechanism, disposed in the bearing portion, that adjusts inclination of the driving shaft with respect to the fiducial line.

Abstract: A vibrator (3) is sandwiched between a base block (1) and a stator (2), and a substantially lower half of a substantially spherical rotor (6) is received in a recess (5) of the stator (2). A support member (7) is placed on an upper portion of the stator (2). A preload portion (10) is supported at an end of an angle portion (9) of the support member (7). A spherical member (11) rotatable about multiple axes of the preload portion (10) abuts against a top portion of the rotor (6) to apply a preload to the rotor (6). Driving the vibrator (3) rotates the rotor (6), whereby an output shaft (12) is moved between the preload portion (10) and an annular portion (8) of the support member (7) as a movable range.

Abstract: It is aimed to provide a drive device capable of realizing appropriate rotation of a driven body about a plurality of drive axes by a drive element while preventing the drive device from requiring higher performance and becoming intricate, and thus leading to higher power consumption and higher cost. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the drive device includes: a drive element including first and second signal input sections and driving a driven body about first and second drive axes upon a voltage being applied between the first signal input section, and the second signal input section; and a signal supply section supplying the first signal input section with a first drive signal for driving the driven body about the first drive axis and supplying the second signal input section with a second drive signal for driving the driven body about the second drive axis.

Abstract: A first oscillating portion is provided with a first piezoelectric element having a first drive electrode. A second oscillating portion has a central axis different from that of the first oscillating portion and is provided with a second piezoelectric element having a second drive electrode. The first drive electrode and the second drive electrode are connected together.

Abstract: A driving control device according to the present invention includes: a fixed member; an operation member arranged to be manually rotatable with respect to the fixed member; a transducer arranged in one of the fixed member and the operation member and arranged to come into contact with an opposed surface of the other of the fixed member and the operation member; a position detecting section for detecting a position of the operation member with respect to the fixed member; and an operation force amount control section for controlling driving of the transducer to change contact friction force generated when the transducer contacts with the fixed member or the operation member. The operation force amount control section controls the transducer such that the contact friction force applied to the operation member when the operation member is manually rotated with respect to the fixed member changes to a sense of click.