Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a thermionic cathode includes: a cathode body having an outer surface, and a sealing layer including one or more graphene sheets on the outer surface of the cathode body. According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing a thermionic cathode includes: depositing a sealing layer including one or more graphene sheets on an outer surface of a cathode body.

Abstract: Vacuum microelectronic devices with carbon nanotube films, layers, ribbons and fabrics are provided. The present invention discloses microelectronic vacuum devices including triode structures that include three-terminals (an emitter, a grid and an anode), and also higher-order devices such as tetrodes and pentodes, all of which use carbon nanotubes to form various components of the devices. In certain embodiments, patterned portions of nanotube fabric may be used as grid/gate components, conductive traces, etc. Nanotube fabrics may be suspended or conformally disposed. In certain embodiments, methods for stiffening a nanotube fabric layer are used. Various methods for applying, selectively removing (e.g. etching), suspending, and stiffening vertically- and horizontally-disposed nanotube fabrics are disclosed, as are CMOS-compatible fabrication methods. In certain embodiments, nanotube fabric triodes provide high-speed, small-scale, low-power devices that can be employed in radiation-intensive applications.

Abstract: Provided is an electron-emitting device using a carbon fiber as an electronic member. A carbon fiber through which a cathode electrode and a control electrode are short-circuited is removed to obtain an electron-emitting device having a uniform electron emission characteristic. A first electrode including a plurality of fibers each containing carbon and a second electrode are prepared. Then, a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode with a state where a potential of the first electrode becomes higher than a potential of the second electrode to remove a carbon fiber through which the first electrode and the second electrode are short-circuited.

Abstract: An ultraviolet gas discharge lamp having contact pins extending downward from a base cap toward an opposing end. The lamp is placed within a conduit or duct for disinfecting air or water flowing within the conduit. The reverse contact pins that extend toward the opposing end mate with contact holes in a socket attached to the conduit through which the lamp is inserted. The lamp is only energized when the lamp is fully inserted into the duct and is de-energized upon removing the lamp from the duct. A shield protects the pins. A window may be place in the base cap so as to visually confirm that the lamp is energized and radiating. A key and mating receiver may be used on the base cap and the socket so as to prevent accidental insertion of an inappropriate lamp.

Abstract: Vacuum microelectronic devices with carbon nanotube films, layers, ribbons and fabrics are provided. The present invention discloses microelectronic vacuum devices including triode structures that include three-terminals (an emitter, a grid and an anode), and also higher-order devices such as tetrodes and pentodes, all of which use carbon nanotubes to form various components of the devices. In certain embodiments, patterned portions of nanotube fabric may be used as grid/gate components, conductive traces, etc. Nanotube fabrics may be suspended or conformally disposed. In certain embodiments, methods for stiffening a nanotube fabric layer are used. Various methods for applying, selectively removing (e.g. etching), suspending, and stiffening vertically- and horizontally-disposed nanotube fabrics are disclosed, as are CMOS-compatible fabrication methods. In certain embodiments, nanotube fabric triodes provide high-speed, small-scale, low-power devices that can be employed in radiation-intensive applications.

Abstract: Aminopiperidine derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof useful in methods of treatment of bacterial infections in mammals, particularly in man.

Abstract: A charged particle apparatus, with multiple electrically conducting semispheric grid electrodes, the grid electrodes mounted in a dielectric mounting ring, with hidden areas or regions to maintain electrical isolation between the grid electrodes as sputter deposits form on the grid electrodes and mounting ring. The grid electrodes are mounted to the mounting ring with slots and fastening pins that allow sliding thermal expansion and contraction between the grid electrodes and mounting ring while substantially maintaining alignment of grid openings and spacing between the grid electrodes. Asymmetric fastening pins facilitate the sliding thermal expansion while restraining the grid electrodes. Electrical contactors supply and maintain electrical potentials of the grid electrodes with spring loaded sliding contacts, without substantially affecting the thermal characteristics of the grid electrodes.

Abstract: A plasma display panel having higher light-emitting luminance and efficiency of a discharge cell includes: a plurality of first barriers successively formed on a substrate at predetermined intervals; a plurality of first sustain electrodes formed at a width more than 40% of a pixel pitch, which is an overall distance of four of the barriers, to be orthogonal to the first barriers; a plurality of second sustain electrodes spaced apart from the first sustain electrodes at a distance less than 20% of the pixel pitch and mated with the first sustain electrodes one by one; a dielectric layer formed at a thickness of 25 &mgr;m or more to cover the first and second sustain electrodes; and a plurality of pads formed on some of the dielectric layer corresponding to the first sustain electrodes and the second sustain electrodes in each discharge cell.

Abstract: A Pierce electron gun is provided having a cathode, a focusing electrode surrounding the cathode, and an anode disposed a fixed distance from the cathode and having an opening therethrough. The electron gun has at least one grading electrode disposed between the focusing electrode and the anode. The grading electrode controls shape of equipotential lines of an electric potential difference provided between the anode and the cathode, to purposely reduce field gradient levels formed by the electric potential difference. The grading electrode further has a double radial bend having an inner radial curve of a first radius and an outer radial curve of a second radius.

Abstract: A high-power switch tube is shown constructed from a plurality of electron guns each gun having a cathode and an anode. Between the cathode and anode is mounted a shadow grid closest to the cathode beyond which is mounted a control grid, a screen grid, and, in some applications, by a suppressor grid. Each anode is formed with an anode cavity having an opening that is smaller in dimension than the largest dimension of the cavity thus forming a Faraday cage collector which prevents secondary emission problems.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for producing a high electron beam current having a low energy spread at a high brightness of the beam and a uniform intensity distribution. The electron beam is extracted from an emission current which consists of used emission current and unused emission current. The used emission current has a uniform intensity distribution. The apparatus produces a negligibly small unused emission current by using both a frustum shaped cathode and a multi-electrode. The cathode comprises a thermoelectron emissive material having a low work function and one or more thin layers which cover the side surface of the cathode. A material of the outermost thin layer has a high work function. The multi-electrode consists of the cathode, a first grid electrode, a second grid electrode and an anode electrode. The used emission current is generated from the top surface of the cathode. The unused emission current that is generated from the side surface of the cathode is negligibly small.

Abstract: This disclosure deals with novel techniques for generating longitudinal strips of energetic electron beams through concentric slotted constructions, being quite adaptable for the generation of multiple beams in different directions that are of very narrow angular transverse extent, as for purposes of line irradiation of articles passing the beams, though the techniques herein disclosed are also useful in other applications of electron beam irradiation.

Abstract: A plurality of control plates is sandwiched between a cathode and a target to control the flow of charged particles such as electrons and ions between the cathode and the target. The cathode includes an elongated filament for generating charged particles such as electrons. A first electrode having a negative potential is positioned behind the filament with a second electrode having a positive potential interdigitated with the first electrode. Each control plate has a plurality of apertures formed therein which are effectively aligned with corresponding apertures on the other control plates. The aligned apertures form beam channels. The control plates have paired conductive electrodes thereon arranged at predetermined coded finger patterns.