Abstract: A light-emitting device having an excited sulfur medium by inductively-coupled electrons is provided. This device includes a substrate, an energy transmission coil disposed over the substrate, a transparent discharge cavity disposed over the energy transmission coil, having a substantially planar top and bottom surface, and a high-frequency oscillating power supply coupled to the energy transmission coil. While power up, the energy transmission coil induces an electromagnetic field within the transparent discharge cavity of the light-emitting device. In one embodiment, the transparent discharge cavity includes a sulfur-containing medium disposed within the transparent discharge cavity, and a buffer gas or a plurality of buffer gasses filling inner space of the transparent discharge cavity.

Abstract: There is provided a mercury-free arc tube for a discharge lamp unit. The mercury-free arc tube includes a plurality of electrodes and a sealed chamber including a metal halide and a starting rare gas enclosed in the sealed chamber. A clearness index value P2·W/? is equal to or greater than about 800, where ? denotes a density (mg/cm3) of the enclosed metal halide, P denotes a pressure (atmospheres) of the enclosed starting rare gas, and W denotes a maximum input power (watts) input to the sealed chamber through the electrodes.

Abstract: A metal-halogenide filling for forming an ionisable filling comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and at least one halogen, the filling including at least the components Rb-halogenide and Mn-halogenide. This filling can in particular be contained in the discharge container of a metal-halogenide lamp.

Abstract: An electric discharge lamp has a ceramic luminous tube 5 and filled with xenon gas, a pair of electrodes 9, 10 held by the ceramic luminous tube, and a glass outer tube 6 accommodating the ceramic luminous tube and the pair of electrodes. The ceramic luminous tube includes a luminous portion 7 emitting light by electric discharge, and a pair of small diameter tube portions 8, 8 respectively connected to both end portions of the luminous portion in a longitudinal direction. Value of P/(r•t) is not less than 4.8 and not more than 32, where P (atm) is pressure of xenon gas filled into the ceramic luminous tube, r (mm) is an inner diameter of the luminous portion of the ceramic luminous tube, and t (mm) is thickness of the luminous portion of the ceramic luminous tube.

Abstract: Disclosed is a metal halide lamp, comprising an airtight tube having a discharge portion with a discharge space therein and a pair of sealing portions formed at both ends of the discharge portion; a discharge medium substantially free from mercury enclosed in the discharge space, the discharge medium including a rare gas and a metal halide, the metal halide including a scandium halide; metal foils sealed in the sealing portions; a pair of electrodes having one ends connected to the metal foils and the other ends arranged to face each other within the discharge space; and coils wound around the electrodes within the sealing portions, wherein the scandium halide has a weight ratio of not less than 30%, and the coils have an outer diameter R of not less than 0.45 mm but not more than 0.60 mm.

Abstract: An opaque zone in the polycrystalline (PCA) discharge vessel of a high intensity discharge lamp may be made by creating residual pores in predetermined regions of the final-sintered discharge vessel. The control over the placement of the opaque zone is achieved by forming a carbonaceous residue in a specific region of the discharge vessel prior to final sintering. During sintering, the carbonaceous material causes residual porosity in the sintered PCA. The higher emissivity of the opaque PCA provides localized cooling in order to provide more control over the condensate behavior in the discharge vessel.

Abstract: A shine-through, low pressure discharge, hydrogen lamp has a metallic housing structure shielding the discharge space in a lamp bulb filled with hydrogen. In this lamp a diaphragm (4) made of electrically insulating material is fixed in the metallic housing part (2) which is to face a visible light source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge lamp comprising a group IIIB or rare earth monoxide radiation emitting material, which allows to greatly improve the features of the lamp due to superior light emitting properties of the monoxide compound.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing light includes a chamber and an ignition source that ionizes a gas within the chamber. The apparatus also includes at least one laser that provides energy to the ionized gas within the chamber to produce a high brightness light. The laser can provide a substantially continuous amount of energy to the ionized gas to generate a substantially continuous high brightness light.

Abstract: There is provided a mercury-free discharge bulb for a vehicle. The mercury-free discharge bulb includes an arc tube. The arc tube includes: a light-emitting portion which is formed of a ceramic tube and includes a light-emitting material and a starting xenon gas filled therein, wherein a filling pressure of the starting xenon gas from about 6 atm to about 18 atm; thin tube portions which are formed at respective ends of the light-emitting portion; and electrodes which are fixed inside the thin tube portions and which are provided in the light-emitting portion so as to face each other. The light-emitting material includes at least a sodium halide and a rare-earth metal halide excluding a scandium halide, and a difference between a vapor pressure of the sodium halide and a vapor pressure of the rare-earth metal halide under an environment of about 1000° C. is about 10 kPa or less.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp with an axial symmetry axis and metal halogenide filling has electrodes with shafts designed as pins with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.15 mm. The halogen for the halogenide is composed of iodine and possibly bromine components, iodine being used alone or in combination with bromine, and the bromine/iodine atomic ratio amounting to maximum 2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cooling structure for a plasma lighting system comprising a fan housing having at least two discharge ports having different flow rates for introducing external air into a case and cooling heat generating components in the case. The structure intensively cools heat generating components of high temperature such as a magnetron, thereby prolonging a life span of the components and enhancing a performance of a system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge vessel of a quartz glass for discharge lamps with a diffusion barrier inner layer of silicon oxide, which as a single layer is applied and/or is generated on the inner surface as well as to a method for generating and/or applying such a diffusion barrier inner layer and to the use of such a discharge vessel.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp with a more stable lamp voltage, comprising a ceramic discharge vessel which encloses a discharge space, in which a first and a second electrode are arranged, which discharge vessel has a central zone extending between the electrodes and being closed at either side by a first and a second end zone, respectively, in which the first end zone surrounds, with little clearance, a current supply conductor connected to the first electrode and extending to the exterior through a seal to the wall of the first end zone, which current supply conductor has a halide-resistant section facing the discharge space and a section remote from the discharge space, wherein the halide-resistant section of the first current supply conductor comprises a wire made of tungsten or of tungsten alloyed with molybdenum.

Abstract: An excimer lamp that has an arc tube in which a seal structure is formed using a metal brazing material, which is composed of gold or a gold-nickel alloy, at an end portion of a transparent ceramic pipe that encloses a gas containing rare gas and fluorine atoms and a pair of electrodes arranged outside the arc tube.

Abstract: A high intensity arc discharge lamp having a short metal seal plug running hotter than typical of capillary seals, enables a lamp with a metal fill to achieve a vapor pressure higher than the one set by the cold spot temperature typically of a capillary seal lamp. Corrosive fill materials, such as halogens are excluded. Zinc may be used to in starting the lamp.

Abstract: A novel metal halide reflector lamp is described wherein the reflector lamp has a passive optical element to scramble, color mix, and otherwise commingle the light emitted by the metal halide burner. The optical element is placed close to the radiating plasma volume to intercept a large solid angle. Preferably, the optical element substantially intercepts the emitted light within a solid angle that has its vertex at the center of the discharge volume of the burner and is subtended by the open end of the reflector. The optical element can be designed to scatter, reflect or refract the light emanating in this solid angle which otherwise would not impinge on the primary optical control surface of the reflector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal halide lamp for a vehicle headlamp comprising a cylindrically-shaped discharge vessel (23) having a ceramic wall which encloses a discharge space comprising Xe and ionizable filling, and a cylindrically-shaped outer bulb (21) surrounding the discharge vessel (23). According to the invention a portion (25, 26) of the surface of the outer bulb (21) facing away from the discharge vessel (23) is shaped as a negative lens. Preferably, the portion (25, 26) encompasses a segment of the outer bulb (21) with a segment angle ? in the range between 30???60°. Preferably, the portion (25) forming the negative lens is shaped as a flat surface.

Abstract: A low-pressure gas discharge lamp includes a gas discharge vessel having a gas filling with a discharge-maintaining composition. At least part of a wall of the discharge vessel is provided with a luminescent material including a first UV-B phosphor containing, in a host lattice, gadolinium(III) as an activator and praseodymium(III) as a sensitizer.

Abstract: Device generating high-luminance and highly-efficient ultraviolet rays by applying polyphase alternating current discharge plasma in a multi-poled magnetic field to a light source for generating ultraviolet rays and using a usual molecular gas other than mercury and rare gases. The inside of a flat container 3 is evacuated, and 1 Torr or less of a molecular gas for use in discharge light emission fills therein or is flowed thereinto. Next, a phase-controlled twelve-output alternating current power supply of 1 kW or lower is connected to twelve divisional electrodes 1 for supply of discharge electric energy. Thus, plasma P occurs with stable alternating-current glow discharge along the surface of the divisional electrodes 1 covered with a barrier layer 2. As a result of discharge, light with a wavelength unique to the molecular gas that contains ultraviolet rays is emitted and extracted outside from a light extraction window 32.

Abstract: A lamp includes a discharge vessel. Tungsten electrodes extend into the discharge vessel. An ionizable fill is sealed within the vessel. The fill includes a buffer gas, optionally free mercury, a halide component which includes a rare earth halide selected from the group consisting of lanthanum halides, praseodymium halides, neodymium halides, samarium halides, cerium halides, and combinations thereof. A source of available oxygen is present in the discharge vessel. The rare earth halide is present in an amount such that, during lamp operation, in combination with the source of available oxygen, it maintains a difference in vapor phase solubility for tungsten species between a wall of the discharge vessel and at least a portion of at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: This projector comprises a source lamp, a lamp storage portion, storing the source lamp therein, including an air discharge opening for discharging internal air from the lamp storage portion and a netlike member so arranged as to cover the outer side of the air discharge opening of the lamp storage portion for inhibiting fragments of the source lamp from being discharged outward from the lamp storage portion through the air discharge opening when the source lamp is broken. The lamp storage portion further includes a protrusion provided on the outer side surface close to the air discharge opening to protrude in a direction intersecting with the extensional direction of the netlike member with a function of inhibiting the fragments of the source lamp from passing through a clearance between the lamp storage portion and the netlike member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a barrier layer provided on the electrode assembly of a discharge lamp comprising at least a layer of nanoclusters of a non-oxidizing material. Further, the invention relates to an electrode assembly for a discharge lamp comprising an electrode having a foil attached thereto to create an electrode assembly, the assembly being coated with a multi-layer coating comprising at least a layer of non-oxidizing material in the form of nanoclusters, and at least another layer of non-oxidizing material, such that the total coating thickness is up to 1500 nm.

Abstract: An ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition is capable of emitting radiation if excited. A radiation source includes such an ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition. The ionizable mercury-free and sodium-free composition includes at least a metal, a metal and a metal compound, or a metal compound.

Abstract: A mercury-free discharge composition is provided. The mercury-free discharge composition may include Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, or combinations thereof, and a halogen. The composition may be capable of emitting radiation if excited, and the composition may produce a total equilibrium operating pressure of less than about 100,000 pascals if excited. A mercury-free discharge lamp is also provided. The mercury-free discharge lamp may include an envelope; an ionizable discharge composition including Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium, or a combination thereof applied within the envelope.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high intensity discharge lamp provided with a discharge vessel enclosing a discharge space comprising an ionizable filling including besides mercury a rare earth halide, which lamp emits during stable operation light with a color temperature Tc of at least 7000K. According to the invention the lamp of the type described in the opening paragraph is therefore characterized in that the rare earth of the rare earth halide comprises Tb or Tb and Dy.

Abstract: A quartz metal halide lamp includes an outer sealed envelope defining an interior space, and an arc tube disposed in the interior space. The arc tube has a fill space. A chemical fill is disposed in the fill space. The chemical fill includes sodium halide and lanthanide halide, with the lanthanide halide selected from the group consisting of europium iodide, europium bromide, praseodymium iodide, praseodymium bromide, ytterbium iodide, ytterbium bromide and combinations thereof. The lanthanide halide is between 2 and 6 weight percent of the chemical fill. Electrodes are partially disposed within the fill space.

Abstract: A flat light source structure includes an upper substrate made of a light transmitting material; a lower substrate separated from the upper substrate by a distance; a barrier rib for maintaining the distance, thereby defining a discharge space filled with a discharge gas; a phosphor coated on at least one of the inner surfaces of the upper substrate and the lower substrate, respectively; a pair of main electrodes disposed at predetermined positions on the surface of the upper or lower substrate and applied with a predetermined driving voltage, frequency and duty ratio to excite the phosphor by plasma generated; an auxiliary electrode formed at a predetermined position on the lower and/or upper substrate(s) to have a parallel component which is parallel with any one of the main electrodes when viewing the discharge space from the upper substrate and a perpendicular component which traverses across the pair of main electrodes.

Abstract: A mercury-free gas discharge lamp suitable in particular for motor vehicles has an enhanced discharge arc diffuseness. The lamp according includes an inner vessel and/or outer bulb with a structured arrangement or pattern such that the discharge arc diffuseness of the lamp is increased, such as by 0.01 mm to 1.5 mm.

Abstract: A light source device that irradiates a discharge vessel with a laser beam to produce radiant light that is reflected by an ellipsoidal reflecting surface efficiently utilizes the light produced by directing the laser beam through an unirradiated region where reflected light from the ellipsoidal reflector is blocked by the discharge vessel, through an opening side of the ellipsoidal reflector to the discharge vessel. The discharge vessel has an emission substance enclosed inside which is excited by the laser beam and produces radiant light, is arranged at a focal point of the ellipsoidal reflector. A planar mirror, with which radiant light reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector is reflected in a different direction has a window in an unirradiated region where reflected light from the ellipsoidal reflector is blocked by the discharge vessel through which the laser beam passes to the discharge vessel.

Abstract: This cold cathode tube lamp comprises a glass tube (11) into which at least a rare gas is filled and a discharge tube composed of a pair of an electrode (21) and an electrode (22) disposed facing each other at both ends inside the glass tube (11). In the respective electrode (21) and electrode (22), lead terminals (31a, 31b, 31c) and lead terminals (32a, 32b, 32c), one end of each of which is connected to the electrode and the other end of each of which is led out to the outside of the glass tube (11) are provided.

Abstract: A high-pressure mercury vapor lamp suitable for sterilization purposes. Germanium and oxygen are added in small quantities to the mercury and/or the mercury halides, with a molar ratio of germanium to oxygen being greater than 1. The addition of germanium monoxide increases the GAC efficiency (GAC: short for Germicidal Action Curve) of a high-pressure mercury vapor lamp, because germanium monoxide emits a strong molecular band system in the range from 250 to 280 nm.

Abstract: A light-emitting device having an excited sulfur medium by inductively-coupled electrons is provided. This device includes a substrate, an energy transmission coil disposed over the substrate, a transparent discharge cavity disposed over the energy transmission coil, having a substantially planar top and bottom surface, and a high-frequency oscillating power supply coupled to the energy transmission coil. While power up, the energy transmission coil induces an electromagnetic field within the transparent discharge cavity of the light-emitting device. In one embodiment, the transparent discharge cavity includes a sulfur-containing medium disposed within the transparent discharge cavity, and a buffer gas or a plurality of buffer gasses filling inner space of the transparent discharge cavity.

Abstract: An arc discharge metal halide lamp for use in selected lighting fixtures having a discharge chamber with light permeable walls of a selected shape bounding a discharge region of a selected volume through which walls a pair of electrodes are supported with ionizable materials being provided in the discharge region of the discharge chamber comprising at least one member selected from a group consisting of halides of cerium, dysprosium, holmium, lithium, sodium, praseodymium, thallium and thulium, and further comprising a halide of calcium in a selected fraction of that weight total of all halides present in the discharge chamber with this selection depending also on the addition or not of a halide of aluminum. Others of the foregoing halides that are present are provided in amounts with certain limits.

Abstract: A metal halide discharge lamp comprises a lamp body and a chamber formed within the body. A pair of electrodes extends into the chamber and have electrode tips spaced apart from one another. A discharge medium composition is sealed within the chamber that generates a plasma, which generates visible light. The composition comprises a rare gas, a first metal halide that produces a luminous flux and zinc iodide that generates a desired lamp operating voltage. The composition may also comprise zinc, sealed in the chamber, in elemental form that is not derived from the first metal halide or the zinc iodide. The zinc iodide halide serves as a substitute for mercury for purposes of generating desired lamp operating voltage; and, the excess pure zinc attracts or reacts with iodine atoms thereby making available electrons and the first metal halide for generation of a luminous flux.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and metal halides, comprising the constituents Na halide, Tl halide, Ca halide and halides of the rare earths. It also comprises Pb halide. This fill may be present in particular in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp which has an outer bulb.

Abstract: A sulfur lamp including a power supply that supplies electrical power includes a transparent bulb having a space inside that contains sulfur. Additionally, a plurality of electrodes may be provided on an outside surface of the transparent bulb. Further, one end of each electrode may be connected to the power supply so that the sulfur is excited by an electric discharge to emit light. Therefore, the changing of sulfur contained in the space of the bulb into a plasma phase using the electrodes (not microwaves) avoids a need to use a magnetron, which has a low energy transfer rate, thereby increasing a system efficacy and saving a cost of replacing the magnetron with a new one.

Abstract: A method for lighting a flat fluorescent lamp for a large-sized backlight unit is disclosed, to prevent a discharge interference (scattering in fluorescent discharge) when lighting a plurality of groups of cylindrical electrodes being adjacent, in which an A.C. voltage is applied to one or two groups of cylindrical electrodes through introduction wires for lighting lamp in state of being not applied to adjacent one or two groups of cylindrical electrodes, so the plurality of groups of cylindrical electrodes are sequentially switched on and off in a time-division method at a speed not to generate the flicker of lamp.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp according to the present invention includes: a main tube (6) made of a light-transmitting ceramic and forming a part of an arc tube; a first thin tube (7a) coupled to a first end of the main tube (6); a second thin tube (7b) coupled to a second end of the main tube (6); a pair of electrodes (5a, 5b), which are inserted into the first and second thin tubes (7a, 7b), respectively, such that the far ends thereof face each other inside the main tube (1); and a first metal halide enclosed in the arc tube. A second metal halide, which has a lower vapor pressure than that of the first metal halide, is further enclosed in the arc tube. And the main tube (6) has portions, of which the inside diameter decreases monotonically toward the ends.

Abstract: In a low-pressure gas discharge lamp provided with a gas discharge vessel comprising a gas filling with a discharge-maintaining composition comprising a) a molecular radiator compound, b) hydrogen as an additive and c) a buffer gas, which low-pressure gas discharge lamp is further provided with means for generating and maintaining a low-pressure gas discharge, the addition of hydrogen comes up with the following advantages: an increase of plasma efficiency and a decrease of the cold spot temperature at which optimum efficiency is achieved.

Abstract: A mercury-free arc tube for a discharge-lamp device having a sealed glass chamber with at least metallic halide for main light emission and rare gas. Both end openings of a glass tube are pinch-sealed and electrode bars are provided so as to oppose to each other. Each electrode bar has such a concentric stepped shape that a tip side region is thicker than a base side region, the volume V of an electrode embedded region is from 0.25 to 0.42 mm3 and the total volume of the electrode bar is from 0.4 to 0.6 mm3.

Abstract: A shine-through, low pressure discharge, hydrogen lamp has a metallic housing structure shielding the discharge space in a lamp bulb filled with hydrogen. In this lamp a diaphragm (4) made of electrically insulating material is fixed in the metallic housing part (2) which is to face a visible light source.

Abstract: A lamp, containing ?100 ppm Hg, includes a burner chamber having an axis, the axis having a section ?0.05 mm. The burner chamber has a recess oriented toward a light arc produced in the burning chamber to suppress arc curvature. The lamp has an arc-luminescence profile of luminescence (measured in cd/m2)/mm with an average slope over that section which is ?|300,000,000| (cd/m2)/mm. Preferably, the profile maximum value is ?90,000,000 cd/m2. In one embodiment, the arc-making device includes two electrodes disposed for producing the light arc across their two tips, the depth of the recess being sufficiently small so as not to extend between the two tips.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp which is suitable for motor vehicle headlights, has an improved color point stability close to the black body locus, a high color temperature, and a high luminous efficacy (lm/w). The high-pressure discharge lamp includes an inner vessel with a discharge chamber, with at least two electrodes extending into the discharge chamber, and an outer bulb surrounding the inner vessel. The discharge chamber contains an ionizable filling including at least one rare gas, 0-10 mg of mercury, and a metal halide mixture. The metal halide mixture includes 40-80% by weight of sodium halide, 25-55% by weight of scandium halide, 1-15% by weight of indium halide, and 0-34% by weight of thallium halide.

Abstract: A metal halide discharge lamp comprises a lamp body and a chamber formed within the body. A pair of electrodes extends into the chamber and have electrode tips spaced apart from one another. A discharge medium composition is sealed within the chamber that generates a plasma, which generates visible light. The composition comprises a rare gas, a first metal halide that produces a luminous flux and a second metal halide that generates a desired lamp operating voltage. The composition may also comprise a metal, sealed in the chamber, in elemental form and is not derived from the first metal halide or the second metal halide. The second metal halide serves as a substitute for mercury for purposes of generating desired lamp operating voltage.

Abstract: An electron emissive material includes a composition including a metal oxide, where the metal oxide is at least one oxide of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc, Hf, or Zr, or any combinations thereof, where the metal oxide is present in a quantity that ranges from about 20% to 100% by weight of the total composition, where the composition is operable to emit electrons in a discharge medium in response to a thermal excitation, wherein the discharge medium under steady state operating conditions producing a total vapor pressure of less than about 2×105 Pa. A lamp including an envelope, an electrode including an electron emissive material and a discharge medium, is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge lamp having and envelope and at least one pair of inner leads and at least one pair of outer leads corresponding thereto, at least one end of each lead disposed in the interior of the lamp, with a substantially planar foil between any one pair of inner and outer leads, and a connector provided between any one lead and the foil, the connector having at least one planar contact surface for connecting the lead to the foil and increasing the contact surface area and providing means for dissipating excess heat and energy that enters the lamp.

Abstract: A discharge lamp device is provided that includes a light source device including a reflective surface. In the light source, noble gas not including mercury is excited to provide stable light emission and ozone or the like is prevented from being generated. This discharge lamp device includes airtight container (10) in which both end sections of a glass bulb are sealed. Airtight container (10) is filled with a discharge medium mainly including noble gas. One end section of airtight container (10) includes first electrode (11). Airtight container (10) is externally attached to insulating holder (20) having a square plate-like shape that includes penetration hole(s) (21) at one or a plurality of position(s). Holder (20) is fitted to second electrode (12) shaped to be a U-like groove so that a fixed interval between airtight container (10) and second electrode (12) is maintained.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and metal halides, the fill comprising the constituents V halide, Cs halide, Tl halide and halides of the rare earths. This fill may in particular be contained in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp.

Abstract: An arc lamp assembly which includes in combination a reflector and a light source which is surrounded by said reflector. A dichroic coating on the reflector functions to reflect radiation in the range of about 300 to 600 nm. The light source is an arc lamp which contains a metal halide fill component which includes a mixture of scandium iodide, or other suitable lanthanide, indium iodide and cesium iodide, whereby the lamp assembly emits effective amounts of UV radiation to cure selected chemical compositions. The fill mixture, which contains no sodium component, contributes to improved lamp life and a reduction in passive lamp failure over halide fill mixtures which contain sodium iodide as a fill component.