Abstract: A mercury-free metal halide high pressure discharge lamp having a transparent and gastight sealed discharge vessel and two electrodes which protrude into the discharge vessel and are arranged in the discharge vessel opposite one another, with the discharge vessel being filled with a lamp filling which has: at least one noble gas, at least the elements of iron and zinc, as well as at least one halide, with the halide comprising bromide, and with the percentage of the bromide being at least 14 mole percent of the total halogen quantity and the following relationship applying to the ratio of molar density of zinc D in ?mol/cm3 and electric field strength E in V/cm between the electrodes: 0.005?D/E?0.200.

Abstract: A high temperature operation type electrodeless bulb of a plasma lighting system includes: a luminous unit defining a space for enclosing luminous materials, and made of glass having selective permeability that transmits visible light generated from the luminous unit and reflects infrared rays to the interior; and a supporting unit extending from the luminous unit to have a particular length and supporting the luminous unit.

Abstract: A mercury free arc tube for a discharge lamp has a closed chamber filled with rare gas and a metal halide containing at least Na halide, Sc halide and In halide, and electrodes. A ratio of a filled amount of the In halide to a total filled amount of metal halide is ranging from 0.1 to 2.0 wt %. When the ratio of the charging amount of InI is 0.1 wt % or more, the chromaticity x, y of a luminescent color during a stable discharge falls within a chromaticity standard range A of white light source. When the ratio of charging amount of InI is 2.0 wt % or less, a chromaticity y minimal value of luminescence of the arc tube at the transient time is 0.29 or more, whereby purplish red color is less conspicuous and there is no fear that an emission of the arc tube is misidentified a red marker lamp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp (10) comprising a metal compound which is selected from the group formed by compounds of titanium, zirconium, hafnium and their mixtures. The effect of adding the metal compound selected from said group to the gas filling of the discharge space (14) results in an increased efficiency of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp (10), because part of the emitted light from the discharge space (14) is in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. In one embodiment of the invention, the low-pressure gas discharge lamp (10) produces substantially white light without the use of a luminescent layer (16) comprising a luminescent material. In another embodiment of the invention, the luminescent layer (16) is applied to the discharge vessel (12) of the low-pressure gas discharge lamp (10). The light emitted by the luminescent material can be mixed with the light emitted from the discharge space (14) to produce the required color.

Abstract: A mercury-free high-pressure discharge lamp includes a light-transmissive airtight envelope enclosing therein a discharge space, and a pair of electrodes sealed inside the light-transmissive airtight envelope and facing the discharge space, and the primary halide includes at least thulium bromide having an innumerable emission spectrum primarily around the peak of a luminosity curve and alkali metal halide, and the accessory halide contains one or more metal halides mostly selected from a group of Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), Aluminum (Al), Antimony (Sb), Bismuth (Bi), Beryllium (Be), Rhenium (Re), Gallium (Ga), Titanium (Ti), Zirconium (Zr), and Hafnium (Hf) which primarily contribute to fix lamp voltage.

Abstract: The hot re-strike time of a high wattage (150 W or greater) ceramic discharge metal halide (CDM) lamp is reduced by: (a) increasing the ratio A of the diameter (D2) of the outer bulb (1) to the inner diameter (ID) of the discharge vessel (3); or (b) filling the outer bulb with an inactive gas such as nitrogen, helium, neon, argon, krypton or xenon; or by implementing both (a) and (b). The hot re-strike time can be further reduced by combining (a) and/or (b) with (c), the addition of a getter metal for iodine, such as Sc, Ce or Na, to the discharge vessel (3).

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a discharge lamp provided with a gas discharge vessel comprising a gas filling with a discharge-maintaining composition, at least part of a wall of the discharge vessel being provided with a luminescent material comprising as a first UV-phosphor a lanthanide-activated lanthanum magnesium aluminate of formula Lai_xMgAl?Oic>:Lnx, wherein the lanthanide Ln is selected from the group of Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III) and Gd(III), and 0.001<x<0.5, which discharge lamp is further provided with means for generating and maintaining a gas discharge. If it comprises gadolinium as an activator, such a lamp is especially useful for narrow-band UV-B phototherapy. The invention is also concerned with an UV-phosphor in the form of a lanthanide-activated lanthanum magnesium aluminate of formula Lai_xMgAl?Oic>:Lnx, wherein the lanthanide Ln is selected from the group of Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III) and Gd(III), and 0.001<x<0.5.

Abstract: A lamp includes a discharge vessel. Tungsten electrodes extend into the discharge vessel. An ionizable fill is sealed within the vessel. The fill includes a buffer gas and a halide component that includes a rare earth halide. A source of oxygen which includes a lanthanide oxide is present in the discharge vessel. The source of oxygen provides oxygen for a regenerative cycle which reduces blackening of the lamp walls by tungsten from the electrodes.

Abstract: A metal halide fill for forming an ionizable fill comprises at least one inert gas, mercury and metal halides, the fill comprising the constituents In halide, Na halide, Tl halide and halides of the rare earths. This fill may in particular be contained in the discharge vessel of a metal halide lamp.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps, at least the discharge-side section of the electrode being produced from a prefabricated tungsten wire, which is shortened to the required length during the production process of the electrode and subjected to an annealing process as well as being mounted on other components of the electrode that may be present. The annealing process is carried out exclusively at temperatures below 1500 degrees Celsius. The invention also relates to an electrode for high-pressure discharge lamps, at least the discharge-side section of the electrode being constructed as a tungsten rod that has a long crystalline structure or an isotropic crystalline structure with grain diameters in the radial direction of the tungsten rod of less than or equal to 50 micrometers with the centroid of the grain size distribution in the range from 10 micrometers to 20 micrometers.

Abstract: This invention is intended to overcome the problems with conventional phosphor materials, specifically to overcome the problems of insufficient luminance and of color impurity on the screens of color display units when green phosphor materials have blue or red light emission. This invention is intended to provide vacuum ultraviolet excited green phosphor materials that include terbium, gadolinium-doped rare-earth aluminum scandium borate represented by the following general formula: (Y1-x-yGdxTby)Al3-zScz(BO3)4 (0?x<0.5, 0<y<0.5, 0<z?3). The phosphor materials of this invention can be used for light-emitting devices. Using the phosphor materials in combination with blue phosphor materials and red phosphor materials enables the formation of white emitting device.

Abstract: There is provided a discharge lamp lighting apparatus including a dimmer circuit which is provided with a control means to dynamically adjust screen brightness according to an input signal, and a control means to adjust screen brightness based on a user's operation. The dimmer circuit includes: an amplitude adjusting circuit to superpose a first dimming control signal composed of a DC voltage onto a second dimming control signal composed of a pulse width modulation signal; an integration circuit to integrate an output of the amplitude adjusting circuit; and a comparison circuit to compare an output of the integration circuit with a triangular wave having a predetermined frequency thereby generating a dimming signal, wherein a burst dimming mode is performed according to the dimming signal.

Abstract: An excimer lamp, including a discharge vessel made of silica glass and having a discharge space; a pair of electrodes disposed on the discharge vessel, wherein the discharge space is filled with xenon gas; and an ultraviolet reflection film made from ultraviolet scattering particles, including silica particles and alumina particles, formed on a surface of the discharge vessel exposed to the discharge space. A thickness Y of the ultraviolet reflection film satisfies the expression Y>4X+5, given that a mean particle diameter of the ultraviolet scattering particles making up the ultraviolet reflection film is X (?m).

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp (1) is described with a discharge vessel (2) and electrodes (4, 5) projecting into the discharge vessel (2). The gas discharge lamp (1) is provided with a translucent, electrically conductive screening (9, 23) which screens the discharge vessel (2) and which comprises connection means (7, 10, 24, 27, 28). The screening (9, 23) of the gas discharge lamp (1) is connected to a screening (14, 17, 19) of an electrical system used for operating the gas discharge lamp (1) at least as regards high frequencies so as to form a coaxial screening system that encloses the discharge vessel (2) with its electrodes (4, 5).

Abstract: The arc tube is provided with a mercury-free arc tube main body that has a discharge light-emitting portion (closed glass sphere), and a cylindrical shroud glass tube that is airtightly integrated with the arc tube main body. In the mercury-free arc tube in which an inert gas is sealed in the shroud glass tube that surrounds the closed glass sphere, in the shroud glass tube, the adjustment is made so as to satisfy the light flux and the life span with respect to the pressure X (atmospheric pressure) of a rare gas sealed in the closed glass sphere, and an amount M (mg/ml) of sealed metal halide.

Abstract: A lamp includes a discharge sustaining fill which includes cesium halide, one of indium halide and thallium halide, optionally gadolinium halide and a rare earth halide component selected from dysprosium halide, holmium halide, thulium halide, and neodymium halide. In operation without a jacket, the lamp may have a color temperature of from 7,000K to 14,000K and a color rendering index of at least 70 when operated at an arc wall loading in excess of about 2 W/mm2.

Abstract: Process for producing a discharge lamp having a silica discharge vessel with an emission space in which there is a pair of electrodes at least 0.15 mg/mm3 of mercury, argon (Ar), and halogen by measuring the relation b/a1 between the emission intensity a1 of argon (Ar) at a wavelength of 668 nm and the emission intensity b of OH radicals at a wavelength of 309 nm in a state of glow discharge of the discharge lamp; supplying hydrogen into the discharge vessel of the discharge lamp; measuring the relation c/a2 between the emission intensity a2 of argon (Ar) at a wavelength of 668 nm and the emission intensity c of OH radicals at a wavelength of 309 nm in the state of glow discharge of the discharge lamp; and fixing the difference c/a2?b/a1 at a value in the range of 0.001 to 15.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp of the present invention has an arc tube formed of ceramic and a pair of opposing electrodes. This lamp includes a Pr (praseodymium) halide, a Na (sodium) halide, and a Ca (calcium) halide enclosed within the arc tube. The Pr halide content Hp [mol], the Na halide content Hn [mol], and the Ca halide content Hc [mol] satisfy the relationships of 0.4?Hc/Hp?15.0 and 3.0?Hn/Hp?25.0.

Abstract: One embodiment of a projector includes a first enclosure that defines a hermetically sealed interior, an electrode pair positioned within the hermetically sealed interior, and a second enclosure that surrounds the first enclosure, the second enclosure manufactured of diamond.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp has a light-transmitting discharge vessel (10) enclosing, in a gastight manner, a discharge space (11) provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas. The discharge vessel (10) comprises discharge means for maintaining a discharge in the discharge space (13). At least a part of an inner wall (12) of the discharge vessel (10) is provided with a protective layer (16). The discharge vessel (10) is provided with a luminescent layer (17) comprising a luminescent material. The luminescent layer (17) further comprises inorganic softening particles (27) with a softening point above 450° C. The size of the softening particles (27) is in the range from 0.01 to 10 gm. Preferably, the softening particles (27) are selected from the group formed by strontium borate, barium borate, yttrium borate, yttrium-strontium borate and calcium pyrophosphate.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp for a vehicle headlight having a discharge vessel and electrodes arranged therein for the purpose of generating a gas discharge, the discharge vessel having a central section which is delimited by two planes which are arranged perpendicularly to the connection path of the discharge-side ends of the electrodes and each extend through the discharge-side end of one of the electrodes, wherein the volume, which is arranged in said central section and is filled by the material of the discharge vessel, is greater than or equal to 95 mm3.

Abstract: A Sr(Al,Mg)12O19:Ce,Pr phosphor is described wherein the phosphor has an increased sensitivity to excitation by 185 nm radiation compared to a Sr(Al,Mg)12O19:Ce phosphor. The Ce,Pr-coativated strontium magnesium aluminate phosphor emits ultraviolet (UV) radiation at about 306 nm in the UVB region. Suntan lamps made with this phosphor exhibit improved performance over lamps made with a commercial Sr(Al,Mg)12O19:Ce phosphor.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is operable in a first mode of operation (“normal mode”) and a second mode of operation (“emergency operation”). The discharge lamp comprises a discharge vessel (10) enclosing a discharge space (13) provided with a filling of mercury and an inert gas. The discharge vessel comprises electrodes (5;6) for maintaining a discharge in the discharge space while the discharge lamp operates in the first mode of operation. According to the invention, at least one of the electrodes is operated on a DC or AC power supply for drawing a discharge current (D1;D2) over the electrode while the discharge lamp operates in the second mode of operation. Preferably, both electrodes operate on a DC or AC power supply, preferably a battery, while the discharge lamp operates in the second mode of operation. The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps operated according to the invention have a relatively long life.

Abstract: A UV-emitting phosphor is described wherein the phosphor is excitable by vacuum ultraviolet radiation (VUV). The phosphor is a gadolinium-activated strontium magnesium aluminate which preferably has an excitation maximum at about 172 nm. The phosphor exhibits a narrow-band UV emission at about 310 nm which makes it useful for medical phototherapy applications.

Abstract: In a metal halide lamp, xenon gas having a pressure of at least 3 atmospheres at room temperature and at least a metal halide including indium iodide are sealed in a discharge space not containing mercury. If the volume of the discharge space is denoted by V (mm3), the electric power applied to the arc tube by P (W), and the weight of the indium iodide by X (?g), these parameters are set so as to satisfy a relationship (P/V)(X/V)0.2>3.0. A continuous emission spectrum can thereby be produced by indium over the entire visible wavelength range, thus obtaining a mercury-free metal halide lamp that is usable as an excellent white light source suitable for data projectors, automobile lamps, headlights, and other systems and devices.

Abstract: A high-pressure metal halide discharge lamp which comprises, as filling, only zinc, a halogen and a noble gas. In order to improve the color rendering index, a calcium halide may be added to the lamp filling. The coupling-in of energy preferably takes place without electrodes in the radio-frequency range or in the microwave range, but may also be carried out by means of metal electrodes.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp (10) includes a discharge vessel (12) which may be formed of a ceramic material. The vessel defines an interior space (16). An ionizable fill is disposed in the interior space. The ionizable fill includes an inert gas and a halide component. The halide component includes a sodium halide, a cerium halide, at least one of a thallium halide and an indium halide, and optionally a cesium halide. The cerium halide is at least about 9 mol % of the halide component. At least one electrode (18, 20) is positioned within the discharge vessel so as to energize the fill when an electric current is applied thereto.

Abstract: A halogen lamp is described that is intended in particular for at least one mode of operation at a lamp voltage substantially below the nominal voltage or a lamp power substantially below the nominal power or that is intended for switching between a first such mode of operation and a second, normal mode of operation in which the lamp is operated substantially at its nominal voltage or power. To prevent, in the first mode of operation, any increased mass transport of molybdenum and, as a result of this, possible blackening of the envelope of the lamp or growth of whiskers in the region of the legs of the incandescent filament or of the first turns of the incandescent filament, use is made of a bromine-free filling gas that has chlorine. Lamps of this kind are used for example in the headlights of motor vehicles for what is termed daylight running (DRL=daylight running light).

Abstract: A cold cathode fluorescent lamp includes a lamp base and a light tube coupled to the lamp base. The light tube includes a light tube body having two end portions, and a getter mercury dispensing electrode sealed into each end portion. The light tube body has a relatively large diameter of about 4 mm to about 10 mm, and the getter mercury dispensing electrode has a dimension configured to fit inside the light tube body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mercury amalgams in discharge lamps for use at elevated operating temperatures.

Abstract: A light source has a discharge vessel which is filled with a filling gas, and an electron beam source which is arranged in vacuum or in a region of low pressure. The electron beam source generates electrons which are propelled through an entry foil into the discharge vessel. An electric field may be generated inside the discharge vessel.

Abstract: A high intensity discharge lamp, the lamp including a light emitting vessel having a wall made of ceramic material that defines an inner space with a first end portion having a respective first opening formed therein and a second end portion having a respective second opening formed therein, two discharge electrodes, with a first electrode extending therethrough the first opening of the first end portion of the vessel and a second electrode extending therethrough the second opening of the second end portion of the vessel, together forming a gap between ends of the discharge electrodes positioned within the vessel, wherein the light emitting vessel defines an inner space characterized by an inner diameter ranging from and including 1 millimeters to 3 millimeters and an inner length between and including 5 millimeters to 10 millimeters, wherein the wall of the vessel has a thickness ranging between and including 0.3 millimeters to 0.

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp whose near-infrared radiation is stronger than a conventional high-pressure discharge lamp, a projector utilizing this discharge lamp, and a metal vapor discharge lamp lighting device are disclosed. The metal vapor discharge lamp comprises a refractory light-transmitting hermetic vessel, a pair of electrode fixed to the hermetic vessel, and a discharge medium sealed in the hermetic vessel and containing a halide and a rare gas. Most of the light irradiated when the discharge lamp is in the ON state has near-infrared wavelengths (750–1100 nm).

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-pressure discharge lamp comprising a glass discharge vessel (1) which is substantially tubular in form and which is closed in a gas-tight manner on the ends thereof, a filling consisting of an inert gas mixture and quicksilver, in addition to an optional luminous coating on the inner wall of the discharge vessel (1). Two current supply inlets are respectively melted into the two ends of the discharge vessel (1), with a helical electrode secured thereto (5). The invention is characterized in that in order to increase the switching resistance of the lamp in a cold start operation, at least one other electrode (7,8) made of a conductive material is arranged in the region between the helical electrode (5) and the connecting end of the discharge vessel (1) and one end of said other electrode (7, 8) is electrically connected to one of the two current supply inlets (3,4).

Abstract: This invention is intended to overcome the problems with conventional phosphor materials, specifically to overcome the problems of insufficient luminance and of color impurity on the screens of color display units when green phosphor materials have blue or red light emission. This invention is intended to provide vacuum ultraviolet excited green phosphor materials that include terbium, gadolinium-doped rare-earth aluminum scandium borate represented by the following general formula: (Y1-x-yGdxTby)Al3-zScz(BO3)4 (0?x?0.5, 0<y<0.5, 0<z?3). The phosphor materials of this invention can be used for light-emitting devices. Using the phosphor materials in combination with blue phosphor materials and red phosphor materials enables the formation of white emitting device.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp includes a refractory, light-transmitting hermetic vessel, a pair of electrodes sealed in thehermetic vessel, a discharge medium including a halide and a rare gas, and metal storing means storing at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and cesium (Cs), the metal storing means being heated during lighting and gradually discharging at least one metal in the hermetic vessel.

Abstract: A discharge lamp device is provided that includes a light source device including a reflective surface. In the light source, noble gas not including mercury is excited to provide stable light emission and ozone or the like is prevented from being generated. This discharge lamp device includes airtight container (10) in which both end sections of a glass bulb are sealed. Airtight container (10) is filled with a discharge medium mainly including noble gas. One end section of airtight container (10) includes first electrode (11). Airtight container (10) is externally attached to insulating holder (20) having a square plate-like shape that includes penetration hole(s) (21) at one or a plurality of position(s). Holder (20) is fitted to second electrode (12) shaped to be a U-like groove so that a fixed interval between airtight container (10) and second electrode (12) is maintained.

Abstract: The metal halide lamp has a ceramic discharge vessel and contains two groups of metal halides: a first group made up of the emitters and a second group made up of the wetters. The second group comprises at least one of the metal halides of Mg or Yb.

Abstract: In the metal halide high-pressure discharge lamp for stage, film and television lighting systems and for projection technology and effect lighting, the discharge vessel contains dysprosium and cesium as fill metals for the metal halides. Optimum results for dimmability, arc instability and color rendering are achieved if the fill additionally includes 0.12 to 3.8 ?mol of vanadium and if appropriate 0.05 to 1.0 ?mol of zirconium per ml of vessel volume. These metals achieve improved color rendering, in particular red rendering, with an Ra of from 70 to 95 and an R9 of from 45 to 90.

Abstract: This invention aims at providing a low-pressure mercury lamp having an improved luminous efficiency while maintaining the compactness and long life of the arc tube. This lamp comprises an arc tube formed by bending a glass tube. This arc tube is formed into a double-spiral structure comprising: a turning part located in substantially the midsection from both ends of the glass tube; a first spiral part starting from one of the ends and spiraling around the pivotal axis to reach the turning part; and a second spiral part starting from the turning part and spiraling around the pivotal axis to the other end. The glass tube has a circular shape in cross section with 7.4 mm inner diameter. This low-pressure mercury lamp is a 12 W lamp alternative to a 60 W incandescent lamp, and the bulb wall loading under steady state illumination is set at 0.103 W/cm2.

Abstract: A vacuum ultraviolet-excited phosphor is composed of a gadolinium-activated rare-earth aluminum-scandium borate that is represented by a general formula (Y1-xGdx)Al3-yScy(BO3)4 (where 0<x?1, 0<y?3). This vacuum ultraviolet-excited phosphor, when irradiated by vacuum ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 200 nm or less, can produce ultraviolet light having wavelength in the range from 312 nm to 315 nm with higher efficiency and stronger emitted intensity, and can obtain a higher areal intensity ratio than a phosphor of the prior art.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with a discharge vessel having a filling comprising—a rare gas, for example argon, —mercury, and —chlorine, wherein the filling quantities of mercury [Hg] and chlorine [Cl] comply with the following conditions: —[Hg](E[Cl]3 200 (?mole/cm3)2, —[Cl] £ 10 ?mole/cm3. The condition [Hg](E[Cl]3 200 (?mole/cm3)2 achieves HgCl vapor pressures in the discharge sufficient for generating significant radiation components of the B2S+-X2S+ band system of this molecule. The condition [Cl] £ 10 ?mole/cm3 serves to limit the chemical aggressiveness of the chlorine filling, in particular to limit the attacks on the wall and electrodes and thus to achieve longer lamp lives. The addition of chlorine-binding metals, in particular of germanium, leads to a further improvement in the radiation and life properties of the lamp.

Abstract: An arc tube for a discharge lamp has a closed chamber filled with rare gas and a metal halide containing at least Na halide or Sc halide, and electrodes, wherein sealing pressure of the rare gas is 0.6 MPa or more, and a sealing density of the Sc halide in the closed chamber is ranging from 1.25 to 4.70 mg/ml. In the arc tube, since the Xe gas sealing pressure slightly higher than 0.6 MPa, the pressure in the closed chamber is increased during its lightening state. Thus, reactions leading to a flicker occurrence may be accelerated. However, the flicker occurrence can be suppressed by setting the Sc halide sealing density to 4.70 mg/ml or less. Further, a luminous efficiency required for the lamp can be assured by setting the Sc halide sealing density to 1.25 mg/ml or more.

Abstract: There is provided a surface light source device containing 50 ppm or less of water, 50 ppm or less of nitrogen, 30 ppm or less of oxygen, 20 ppm or less of carbon monoxide, and 20 ppm or less of carbon dioxide as impurities in its discharge space. Accordingly, the surface light source device with the impurity standards has improved brightness.

Abstract: Metal halide lighting with good color during dimming may be obtained. An appropriate balance of commonly used metal halides (NaI, DyI3, CeI3, CaI2, TlI) is dosed in the lamp. No mercury is used. A higher than typical xenon fill pressure from 50 to 500 Kilopascals may be used to help control thermal properties and voltage. If necessary, modulation of the power at acoustic resonance frequencies may be used to straighten and center the arc. Efficient and pleasant white output is obtained. As the power is reduced, the chromaticity either (1) remains fairly constant or (2) drifts acceptably towards warm pinkish colors. Large factors of attenuation in output can be realized. The lumen output was reduced by at least a factor of twenty in one sample as the power was dimmed from 70 to 20 watts.

Abstract: A high-intensity discharge lamp connected to a lighting device has various superior emission properties such as efficiency. The discharge lamp includes a translucent ceramic discharge vessel, in which a pair of electrodes and a discharge medium are inserted. The lamp further includes an outer jacket, in which the arc tube is disposed, and a pair of feeder members. The discharge medium has metal halides including those of Na, Tl and Tm or Na, Tl, In and Tm, and the ratio (MTm/M) of the weight of the gross sealed mass M of the metal halides to the filled mass MTm of the Tm halide is about 0.4?MTm/M?0.9. The deviation in chromaticity (d.u.v.) on the x-y chromaticity coordinates (CIE 1931) for the overall operating position during the life of the lamp is within the range of about ?0.006 to +0.010.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-pressure discharge lamp that uses substantially no mercury and reduces discharge flicker. The high-pressure discharge lamp is kept on with a lamp power of 50 W or lower in a stable state, and the temperature T (° C.) of the electrode at a point at a distance of 0.3 mm from the tip end to the base end in the stable state and the amount A (mol/cc) of free iodine produced when the lamp is turned off after 100 hours of on-time satisfy the formula (1):T2/A>1011.

Abstract: A gas discharge panel capable of high-speed driving at a low drive voltage, while suppressing the occurrence of write errors in a write period, and a manufacturing method for the same. To achieve this, in the gas discharge panel of the present invention, a secondary gas formed from at least one of carbon dioxide, water vapor, oxygen and nitrogen is induced into discharge spaces 30 evacuated until the residual gas pressure is 0.02 mPa or less, and an He—Xe or Ne—Xe rare gas (discharge gas) is induced into discharge spaces 30. The amount of the secondary gas included within discharge spaces 30 when, for example, carbon dioxide is included therein, is suitably set in terms of both a discharge starting voltage and an electron emission ability, so that the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide is in a range of 0.05 mPa to 0.5 mPa inclusive.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp comprises a refractory, light-transmitting airtight container defining therein a discharge space with an internal volume of not more than 0.1 cc, electrodes sealed in the container, opposing each other with a distance of not more than 5 mm interposed, and a discharge medium sealed in the container and including a metal halide material and a rare gas. The metal halide includes first and second halide materials. The first halide material contains scandium (Sc) and sodium (Na) halides. The second halide material contains at least one of indium (In) and zinc (Zn) halides. The discharge medium contains substantially no mercury. The load on the wall of the container in a stable state is 50 W/cm2 or more. A/B?0.21 where A represents the intensity of an impurity chromium (Cr) spectrum in lighting spectra, and B represents the intensity of a scandium (Sc) spectrum.

Abstract: A metal halide lamp comprising a substantially cylindrical discharge vessel having an internal diameter Di<2.0 mm and filled with an ionizable filling, wherein two electrodes are present at a mutual distance EA for maintaining a discharge in the discharge vessel, wherein the filling comprises an inert gas, such as Xe, having a pressure at room temperature between 5 and 25 bar, and an ionizable salt, characterized in that said ionizable salt is selected from the group comprising PrI3, NdI3 and LuI3.