Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments comprise an computer readable storage device having instructions stored therein that are indicative of reducing slow roll electrical runout value of a shaft of an electric motor, the shaft having a runout sensing area; the instructions including determining an electrical runout value for the runout sensing area; rotating the shaft; determining the temperature range and time interval for heating the runout sensing area of the shaft sufficient to reduce the electrical runout value; and heating the shaft sensing area during shaft rotation at the calculated temperature range for the calculated time interval.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, a device and a system for preventing false alarms in a theft-preventing system comprising a magnetic field for detecting at least one metal object in a first detection zone and means for determining a time-difference; said method comprising the steps of detecting a first change in a parameter indicative of the magnetic field in said first detection zone; detecting a second change in the parameter indicative of the magnetic field in said first detection zone; determining a time-difference between the detection of said first change in said parameter and the detection of said second change in said parameter; and performing an action based on said time-difference. In this way, false alarms due to a metal detector falsely detecting for example movement of metal-doors in a first detection zone may be reduced/eliminated. Additionally, the false alarms due to an opening and/or closing of a door with metal parts acting as an active tag may be reduced/eliminated.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for the nondestructive testing of pipes made of ferromagnetic steel by means of a stray flux, in which the pipe, which is moving in the longitudinal direction and alternatively additionally rotating, is magnetized by a constant field, and the generated magnetic flux is transmitted into the pipe in a contactless manner, and the flaws that are located in the near-surface area of the outer or inner surface of the pipe bring about magnetic stray fluxes, which emerge from the pipe surface and are detected by means of sensors. The amplitudes, preferably of the horizontal field component of the magnetic stray flux, which vary in the vertical direction, are detected, on the one hand, at a near-surface distance from the pipe outer surface, and, on the other hand, at a distance lying further remotely therefrom, and the detected signals are related to one another.

Abstract: A method for non-contact determination of sought properties of an object to be measured by using electromagnetic induction. An electromagnetic field is generated in a transmitter coil placed on one side of the object to be measured. The magnetic field penetrates through the object to be measured and is detected by a receiver coil placed on the other side of the object to be measured. A control coil is placed near the transmitter coil generating a change in the magnetic field of the transmitter coil. A field change in the detecting is detected in the control coil. The field is detected in the receiver coil. The difference in time is determined for the detection of the field change in the control coil and in the receiver coil, respectively. The time of penetration through the object to be measured is determined, and the thickness or electrical conductivity of the object to be measured is determined therefrom.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a method comprising a plurality of activities comprising, for a shaft of an electric motor, the shaft comprising a runout sensing area: determining an electrical runout value for the runout sensing area; rotating the shaft; and/or heating the runout sensing area of the shaft sufficient to reduce the electrical runout value.

Abstract: A simulation apparatus according to an embodiment performs an electromagnetic field circuit coupling analysis on a first substrate and a second substrate electrically coupled via a circuit element having a finite delay time. A first coupling analysis unit carries out a time domain electromagnetic field analysis and also a circuit analysis on a circuit element at a first analytical domain including the first substrate. The second coupling analysis unit carries out a time domain electromagnetic field analysis and also a circuit analysis on a circuit element at a second analytical domain including the second substrate.

Abstract: An MRI protector for protecting personnel and the MRI apparatus from the introduction of ferrous articles into the magnetic field of the MRI has an array of Hall effect sensors oriented to scan the magnetic field of the MRI. The Hall effect sensors are oriented to scan the magnetic field at the access door of the shielded MRI room. The sensors are connected to a central processing unit (CPU) which analyses the output of the sensors and propagates a warning when the presence of ferrous articles affects the magnetic field of the MRI.

Abstract: Core-less current sensor comprises two parallel conductors carrying equal currents in the same direction. The magnetic field in mid location of the two parallel conductors carrying equal currents in the same direction for all current magnitudes is zero in absence of an external magnetic interference. Sum of magnetic fields in two points equidistant from the mid location on both the sides is zero as magnetic fields at these points are equal in magnitude and opposite in polarity for all current magnitudes and for equal amount of currents flowing through both conductors in same direction in absence of an external magnetic interference. Two sensing elements can be arranged between the two parallel conductors for sensing the magnetic field due to currents flowing through them for the purpose of current measurement. Sensor output is the difference between two outputs measured by the sensing elements. Outputs of sensing elements can vary due to external interference.

Abstract: An ultrasound system for inspecting an object is provided. The ultrasound system includes an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) and a pulser-receiver system. The EMAT is configured to generate acoustic signals representative of the area being inspected and comprises a flux concentrating non-conductive pole piece separating a radio frequency (RF) coil and a magnet. The pulser-receiver system is coupled to the EMAT and configured to receive the acoustic signals and convert the acoustic signal to electrical signals.

Abstract: A method and system for testing a plurality of RFID devices disposed on a common carrier. In one embodiment, the RFID devices are evenly spaced along the length of the carrier, and the system comprises a short-range tester, a long-range tester and a computer, the short-range tester being coupled to the computer and having a short-range testing position, the long-range tester being coupled to the computer and having a long-range testing position, the long-range testing position being spaced downstream from the short-range testing position by a known number of device positions. In use, an RFID device of interest is first positioned at the short-range testing position, and the short-range tester reads a unique identifier for that RFID device and communicates the identifier to the computer. The carrier is then advanced so that subsequent RFID devices are read by the short-range tester.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a system comprising: a heating element; and a control system adapted to control a heating of a shaft to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range for a predetermined time interval, the heating sufficient to reduce an electrical runout value of the shaft, the heating occurring while the shaft is rotating.

Abstract: A first movement detection sensor comprises a void formed by a partition wall made of a non-magnetic material, a magnetized rolling member which is sealed inside the void, and a magnetic sensor provided in the partition wall. A second movement detection sensor is configured by positioning the rolling member in the substantial center of the void and then filling the void with a visco-elastic body until the visco-elastic body abuts against the rolling member. A movement detection device is constructed by annexing an amplifying circuit, a transmitting circuit, a differentiating circuit, and so on to the first movement detection sensor and second movement detection sensor.

Abstract: The intensity of electric and magnetic component is measured at a high-speed without reducing spatial resolution. An electric and magnetic field detection device has an electric field detection device for detecting an electric field component, and a magnetic field detection device for detecting a magnetic field component. These detection devices are so formed on a multilayer printed circuit board that they can be operated independently.

Abstract: A sensor arrangement with a first sensor (1) which comprises a measuring coil (2) that operates by the eddy current principle, and which detects the distance from a target (6), and a second sensor (3), the two sensors (1, 3) being arranged in a housing (4). To reduce the interaction of the sensors with each other, a panel (7) is positioned on the measuring side of the housing, with the panel being an active component of the second sensor (3). The second sensor is preferably a capacitive sensor, with the panel (7) being the active measuring surface of the capacitive sensor.

Abstract: A method for detecting a current density distribution in a fuel cell stack by detecting the magnetic field, which surrounds the fuel cell stack and which is caused by a current flow in the fuel cell stack, is provided. Sensors for an x-component, a y-component and a z-component of the magnetic flux density detect the magnetic flux density at several points outside the fuel cell stack. The position of the sensors for the magnetic flux density is detected in relation to the fuel cell stack. The thus detected values for the magnetic flux density and the allocated position are converted into current density values according to the position in the fuel cell stack by using a Maxwell equation which defines the magnetic field strength and the material equation which relates the magnetic field strength to the magnetic flux density.

Abstract: An electrical property evaluation apparatus for measuring an electrical property of an object to be measured, including: a magnetic field generating mechanism for generating a magnetic field in a target area on the object; a magnetic sensor for measuring the magnetic field near the target area; a contact having a conducting probe, the contact supported so that the probe can be brought into contact with the target area; a voltage source for applying a voltage to the probe; and an electrical property measuring section for measuring a current or an electrical resistance between the probe and the object in contact with each other.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a component of an eddy current sensor (ECS) signal attributable to a substrate includes placing a substrate in a first position relative to an ECS at a first distance from the ECS. A first surface of the substrate can include a conductive film. A first ECS signal can be detected with the substrate in the first position. The substrate can then be inverted relative to the ECS. A second ECS signal is detected with the substrate in the second position. A difference signal is determined. The difference signal is equal to a difference between a first signal level on a calibration graph for the ECS and the second signal level.

Abstract: A speed measuring system comprising at least one stationary speed sensor (4) for detecting a speed of a measuring body (1) rotating relative to the speed sensor (4) wherein the measuring body (1) is provided, on its periphery, with electric or magnetic discontinuities. The speed sensor (4) situated at a defined distance from the measuring body (1), reacts to the discontinuities when the measuring body (1) is moved past the speed sensor (4). The speed measuring system has, in addition, one separate distance sensor (5) for determining an actual distance (LS) and an actual change in distance between the speed sensor (4) and the measuring body (1). In an evaluation device of the speed measuring system the speed of the measuring body (1) is formed from an actual output signal of the speed sensor (4) according to an actual output signal of the distance sensor (5).

Abstract: A system and method for determining a component of an eddy current sensor (ECS) signal attributable to a substrate includes placing a substrate in a first position relative to an ECS at a first distance from the ECS. The substrate can include a conductive film on a first surface of the substrate. A first ECS signal can be detected with the substrate in the first position. The substrate can then be inverted relative to the ECS such that the substrate is in a second position relative to the ECS at a second distance from the ECS. The second distance is equal to the first distance less about a thickness of the substrate. A second ECS signal is detected with the substrate in the second position. A difference signal is determined. The difference signal is equal to a difference between a first signal level on a calibration graph for the ECS and the second signal level. The second signal level being shifted a distance about equal to the thickness of the substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for obtaining a resistivity measurement of an earth formation surrounding a borehole in an MWD device uses an electrode for injecting current into the earth formation and an electrode for obtaining a responsive signal from the borehole. The electrodes are located on the drill bit arm or blade. Measured resistivity values are obtained at the location of the drill bit. Measurements can be taken in both oil-based mud and water-based mud environments. Maximum or minimum resistivity can be used to best represent the resistivity of the surrounding formation.

Abstract: A method and instrument for measuring, with a high spatial resolution, a magnetic or electric field that varies repeatedly at high speed. An electron beam is deflected by passage through a magnetic or electric field to be measured and is allowed to pass through a deflection electrode to thereby be deflected in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic or electric field to be measured. A track of the deflected electron beam is detected by a two-dimensional sensor, and a waveform or pattern is displayed wherein a time base and an axis of the magnetic field to be measured are orthogonal to each other.

Abstract: A method for separating electrical runout from mechanical runout includes positioning at least one position probe against a rotating part, positioning at least one proximity probe adjacent the rotating part, and calculating an electrical runout based on measurements obtained from the position probe and the proximity probe.

Abstract: A method and measuring device for the in situ detection of the &ggr;-&agr; phase transformation of strip steel. The detection takes place on the basis of the eddy currents of the nonmagnetic phase, which are caused from the workpiece when an electromagnetic excitation field is applied, and on the basis of response fields which are generated by the magnetic phase which may be present. At least one electromagnetic excitation field which acts on the workpiece is generated by means of at least one excitation coil, and a response field which results from the application of the excitation field is measured by means of at least one detector measurement coil. The resulting measurement signal, which is dependent on the distance between the measuring device and the workpiece, is used to detect the degree of transformation.

Abstract: A method for non-contact measurement of dimensions such as thickness or diameter and electrical characteristics of an electrically conductive object (6) based on electromagnetic induction and a time-varying magnetic field. A substantially constant current is supplied to at least one transmitter coil (3) such that an electromagnetic field penetrates the object (6). Current to the transmitter coil (3) is cut off and a voltage induced in at least one receiving coil (8) by at least one decaying magnetic field. The voltage in receiving coil (8) is measured from a first time following decay of a magnetic field in the air (T3) until a time when the field has decayed to zero (T4, T5, T6) and the signal is integrated. A value for a physical dimension of the object (6) is calculated from this integral. The method is accurate, undisturbed by surface contamination or object movement, and applicable to different geometric forms including plate, bar or tube.

Abstract: Inductive sensors measure the near surface properties of conducting magnetic materials. The sensors generally include parallel winding segments to induce a spatially periodic magnetic field in a material under test. The sensors may provide a directionally dependent measure with measurements made in varying orientations of the sensor with respect to the material property variation directions. The sensors may be thin, conformable sensors that can be mounted on a test material and, for example, monitor crack initiation under the sensor. A second sensor may be left in air to provide a reference measurement, or the temperature of the material under test can be varied to verify the response of the individual sensing elements. Sensors can be mounted to materials under test in order to not modify the environment that is causing the stress being monitored.

Abstract: A method for separating electrical runout from mechanical runout includes positioning at least one position probe against a rotating part, positioning at least one proximity probe adjacent the rotating part, and calculating an electrical runout based on measurements obtained from the position probe and the proximity probe.

Abstract: Measuring the wall thickness of an electrically conductive object using a probe comprising a transmitter coil, a first receiver and a second receiver, which method comprises arranging the probe near the object; inducing transient eddy currents in the object and recording the signals of the receivers with time; measuring the wall thickness from a characteristic of one of the signals; calculating a characteristic value from a combination of the signals; and correcting the measured wall thickness for the distance between the probe and the object using a pre-determined relationship between the wall thickness and the characteristic value for different values of the distance between the probe and the object.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for measuring cross sectional area and flaws in a continuous sucker rod string as the string is conveyed within a borehole. These measured parameters are useful is monitoring the physical integrity of the sucker rod string. A magnet is used to saturate an increment of continuous sucker rod, and a coil is used to measure induced flux. Cross sectional area of the rod increment is computed from the flux measurement. One or more Hall effect transducers are used to measure leakage from the increment as a function of distance along the increment. This measurement is used to detect and quantify the type of flaw within the rod increment being investigated. The process is repeated as the sucker rod string is conveyed into or out of the borehole.

Abstract: The intensity of electric and magnetic component is measured at a high-speed without reducing spatial resolution. An electric and magnetic field detection device 10 has an electric field detection device 1 for detecting an electric field component, and a magnetic field detection device 2 for detecting a magnetic field component. These detection devices are so formed on a multilayer printed circuit board 4 that they can be operated independently.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the in situ determination of the degree of conversion of a non-magnetic phase in a ferromagnetic phase of a metallic work piece comprising an eddy current measuring method wherewith two distance measuring coils measure different distances to a work piece are measured using two distance measuring coils and distant dependent signals are determined. A distance dependent calculated value is determined therewith. A further measuring signal pertaining to a detector measuring coil is measured and a response field resulting from the application of an excitation field to a work piece is measured. A measured value for the degree of conversion is determined.

Abstract: A method for defining the characteristics of metal electrodes of ceramic sensor elements, where the metal electrodes are deposited as layers and subjected to a subsequent annealing process. The aim is to provide a non-destructive, simple and economical method, capable of being automated, for performing an acceptance test in a specimen-specific manner on the sensor element. In the case of the test procedure proposed here, the quantity and distribution of gold deposited so as to be inaccessible in the protective layer, are indirectly determined. This is done by measuring the layer thickness during manufacturing of an electrode, in a before/after comparison, with the aid of an eddy-current measuring process where the electrode is placed in the magnetic circuit of a coil that is traversed by the flow of a high-frequency a.c. current, and the resulting ostensible inductance of the coil is measured using an LCR measuring unit. The coil can be wired as a resonant circuit with the aid of a capacitor.

Abstract: A system for characterizing coatings and substrates of a material under test. A sensor is positioned against a coated sample which is to be measured to obtain phase and magnitude measurements. Penetration depth of the magnetic waves of the sensor is a function of frequency. Measurements are made at each of a plurality of signal frequencies. The measured phase and magnitude data is applied with respect to a frequency independent parameter, such as conductivity, using a grid method. The conductivities of the coating and the substrate are determined by the limits of conductivity with respect to frequency. With the assumed conductivities of the coating and substrate, the sensor is once again placed over the material, and coating thickness and lift-off are determined. By examining the coating thickness versus frequency the accuracy of the measurement can be determined, since actual coating thickness does not vary with frequency in the material.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed which provide increased sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range for non-contact measurement of actual physical and/or kinematic properties of conducting and magnetic materials. The apparatus and methods are based upon various methods for increasing sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range through proper construction of a magnetometer sensor and for proper selection of operating point parameters for the application. A measurement apparatus for measuring one or more MUT properties includes an electromagnetic winding structure which, when driven by an electric signal, imposes a magnetic field in the MUT and senses an electromagnetic response. An analyzer is provided for applying the electric signal to the winding structure. A property estimator is coupled to the winding structure and translates sensed electromagnetic responses into estimates of one or more preselected properties of the material.

Abstract: The present invention discloses 10 discloses an eddy current probe assembly having unique types and arrangements of coils 14, 16, 18 therein. This type and arrangement of coils allows for a more accurate determination of tube 20 anomalies. A first pair of coils 14 are provided which comprise a pair of coils 14A, 14B oriented 45 degrees apart wherein each pair of coils comprises an additional pair of coils 14G, 14H which are oriented 90 degrees apart. A second pair of coils 16 are provided which are about 0.060 inches apart. A third pair of coils 18 are provided having a larger coil 18A and a smaller coil 18B. An extension wand 22 with cable connectors 26 are provided for connection to suitable probe actuation and control means.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed which provide increased sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range for non-contact measurement of actual physical and/or kinematic properties of conducting and magnetic materials. The apparatus and methods are based upon various methods for increasing sensitivity, selectivity and dynamic range through proper construction of a magnetometer sensor and for proper selection of operating point parameters for the application. A measurement apparatus for measuring one or more MUT properties includes an electromagnetic winding structure which, when driven by an electric signal, imposes a magnetic field in the MUT and senses an electromagnetic response. An analyzer is provided for applying the electric signal to the winding structure. A property estimator is coupled to the winding structure and translates sensed electromagnetic responses into estimates of one or more preselected properties of the material.

Abstract: The defect detection system of the present invention includes an encircling coil for providing a saturating DC magnetic fields to tubular goods. Also included is an encircling drive coil for applying a low level AC field using three-phase AC. Encircling pick up coils within the AC drive coils detect uniform, time varying magnetic fields to reveal defects within the tubular goods passing through the system.

Abstract: An inspection station and process for pipe or other ferromagnetic articles utilizes a generally straight flux field amplifier made of a multi-stranded cable surrounded by non-conducting resin, for inducing transverse lines of magnetic force. The flux field amplifier is surrounded by a coil which is also energized to make longitudinal lines of force; the two types of lines of force are vectored. The pipe or other ferromagnetic article is sprayed with UV-sensitive magnetic particles in a more or less conventional manner to display the vectored lines of force together with any flaws in the metal. The cable core of the flux field amplifier does not need a cooling system and is able to last longer than conventional solid cores.

Abstract: A detecting coil device mounted on part of a cable to evaluate the degree of corrosion of the cable, which is used, for example, on suspension or skew bridges. The detecting coil device is provided with a detecting coil and Hall elements. A magnetizer having a magnetizing coil is mounted as to enclose the cable and the detecting coil device. When current flows through the magnetizing coil, it magnetizes the cable. The magnetic field strength is detected by the Hall element, and the amount of magnetic flux passing through the cable is detected using the detecting coil. The cross-sectional area of the cable is also calculated on the basis of the magnetic field strength and the amount of magnetic flux which are detected and the permeability of the cable. The degree at which the cross-sectional area of the cable is decreased (the corrosion degree) is evaluated by comparing the calculated cross-sectional area of the cable with the cross-sectional area of a reference cable.

Abstract: A method for detecting a presence or an absence of a ferromagnetic object within a sensing area may comprise the steps of sensing, during a sample time, a magnetic field adjacent the sensing area; producing surveillance data representative of the sensed magnetic field; determining an absolute value difference between a maximum datum and a minimum datum comprising the surveillance data; and determining whether the absolute value difference has a positive or negative sign. The absolute value difference and the corresponding positive or negative sign thereof forms a representative surveillance datum that is indicative of the presence or absence in the sensing area of the ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: In a nondestructive method of quantitatively evaluating a degree of plasticity of ferromagnetic materials, a magnetic field of a surface of a ferromagnetic test body is measured using a magnetic sensor, and the surface of the ferromagnetic test body is partitioned into regions corresponding to domains of the ferromagnetic test body. A difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of a magnetic signal corresponding to the magnetic field for each of the domains is calculated as a spatial difference amount. A distribution width of the spatial difference amounts and an amount of residual strain corresponding to an amount of plastic deformation of the ferromagnetic test body is measured. A correlation between the distribution width of the spatial difference amounts and the amount of residual strain is calculated. A degree of plasticity of the ferromagnetic test body in calculated in accordance with the correlation.

Abstract: A dual-mode coating thickness measuring probe for determining the thickness of a coating on ferrous and non-ferrous substrates. The probe has a first winding assembly including an induction winding and two search or pick-up windings and a second winding assembly including a search winding disposed on a non-magnetic and non-conductive former. A magnetic cylindrical pin of a material with a high resistance to impact and abrasive wear passes through the first and second windings. A conductive non-magnetic coaxial screen through which the pin extends separates the first winding from the second winding. The position of the screen is such that it has a minimal effect on the second winding while shielding its field from the first winding. The first and second windings are connected to signal conditioning circuitry which produces outputs representing the coating thickness measured.

Abstract: A depth measuring device is used for measuring the depth of insulation on an electric conductor travelling along a predetermined path. The device includes a cylindrical magnetizable core (11) which generates a magnetic field having an axis directed to intersect the path. The core (11) is magnetized by an electric coil (12) coupled to the core (11) and the current drawn by the coil (12) will vary with the distance of the conductor from the core (11) and so provides an indication of the distance of the conductor from the core (11). A laser beam (14) is directed along the axis of the core so as to lie coaxial with the magnetic field. A detector (15) detects light reflected from the outer surface of the insulation and so provides an indication of the distance of the insulation from the core (11). An electrical system subtracts the two measured distances from each other to provide an indication of the insulation thickness.

Abstract: A revolution-speed/temperature hybrid sensor includes a hybrid sensor unit which has a five-input-three-output convertor and outputs a revolution-speed/temperature hybrid signal, and a revolution-speed/temperature detector for separating the revolution-speed/temperature hybrid signal. The five-input-three-output convertor has an adder for adding the revolution speed signal of pulse waveform and temperature signal of analog form so as to generate a revolution-speed/temperature hybrid signal. By virtue of the five-input-three-output convertor, the revolution-speed/temperature hybrid sensor requires a smaller number of harnesses and is downsized compared to a conventional arrangement.

Abstract: A probe holder mounted to a main housing of an electronic thickness gauge, of the type having a remote probe connected to the main housing by an elongate cable, enables the gauge to be used in its initial configuration when the probe is out of the holder and as an integral unit when the probe is positioned in the holder. The holder may be retrofit onto an existing gauge by making it an integral part of a battery cover that replaces an original battery cover. A second embodiment includes a cylindrical remote probe holder having independent, dedicated sensors mounted at its opposite ends to facilitate switching from one type of sensor to another, a third embodiment provides multiple remote probes independently interconnected to the main housing by elongate cables, and a fourth embodiment mounts remote probes in a "V"-shaped housing to enable switching from a first probe to a second by rotating the housing about an axis of rotation.

Abstract: An electromagnetic or eddy-current test for microstructure anomalies such as alpha-case in titanium alloys, and for carbide precipitates and untempered and overtempered martensite in steel alloys. The inspection is designed to provide an accurate, reproducible, cost effective, and nondestructive approach to detect and isolate discrepant parts exhibiting an unsatisfactory microstructural condition. The test method utilizes high frequency eddy-current test equipment, having an eddy-current test probe and a display screen, on a reference metallurgical standard to establish a reference level trace signal of phase amplitude response therefor on the display screen. The high frequency eddy-current test equipment is then utilized on a metallurgical sample being tested for the presence of the deleterious structural condition, to derive a trace signal of phase amplitude response therefor on the display screen.

Abstract: A magnetic testing device for obtaining a damaged index of an elongated magnetically-permeable object in real time includes a permanent magnet assembly with spaced-apart poles, a tubular pole piece adapted to surround the object, Hall effect devices placed in the magnetic flux path, a leakage flux sensor installed between the pole pieces, and a real time signal processing unit. The signal processing unit provides local fault (LF) signals generated by the leakage flux sensor, and loss of metallic area (LMA) signals generated by the Hall effect devices. The standard deviations of the LF signals are summed, the root-mean-square of the LF signals is summed, the absolute values of the LF signals are integrated, and the LMA signal is multiplied by a coefficient which is dependent on the object construction. The damage index is then determined using the thus-calculated values. Preferably, when a wire rope is passed through the monitoring device, the damage index is given to the user in a hand-held display means.

Abstract: A portable three axis scanner is usable to inspect a gas turbine engine spool in situ upon removing a fan module from the engine. The scanner includes a drive assembly mountable to a forward end of the spool, and a support assembly mountable to an aft end of the spool. A support beam extends between the drive and support assemblies, and a carriage assembly is mounted thereon. The carriage assembly includes a probe support for mounting a removable scanner probe for inspecting the inside of the spool by ultrasonic or eddy current inspection. The drive assembly includes means for axially translating the carriage assembly, means for rotating the carriage assembly, and means for radially translating the probe support and probe thereon so that the probe has three-axis movement including axial, circumferential, and radial, respectively, for being selectively positioned inside the spool between the forward and aft ends thereof for inspecting the spool.

Abstract: A nondestructive inspection device and a method of monitoring a defective condition in a rotating member of a combustion turbine engine using a nondestructive inspection device is presented. The nondestructive inspection device includes a sensor for monitoring the rotating member and a holder assembly for positioning the sensor near the rotating member without disassembling the combustion turbine engine. The holder assembly is capable of interchangeably positioning either an ultrasound transducer or an eddy current sensor. Signals indicative of the monitored condition are recorded and compared to a signal representation generated from a reference standard having a known defect so that a defective condition can be ascertained. The location of a defective condition is ascertained by using a magnetic belt having a plurality of magnets wrapped around the rotating member and an additional sensor to detect the magnets as they rotate.

Abstract: Money items are validated by determining whether n measured properties lie within an n-dimensional ellipse associated with a particular money item. The center of the ellipse lies on the statistical mean of the property measurements for that particular item, and each axis is related to the standard deviation for a respective property measurement.

Abstract: A gauge probe for a handheld combination coating thickness gauge allows the combination coating thickness gauge to measure both nonferrous coatings on ferrous substrate and nonconductive coatings on conductive nonferrous substrate. The gauge probe enables the combination coating thickness gauge to determine automatically, with a single probe, the substrate characteristics, and to effect a measurement of the coating thickness on that substrate. The technique used to measure coatings on a ferrous substrate utilizes a permanent magnet to provide a constant magnetic flux and a Hall sensor and thermistor arranged to measure the temperature-compensated magnetic flux density at one of the poles of the permanent magnet. The flux density at the magnet pole can be related to a nonferrous coating thickness on a ferrous substrate. The technique used to measure nonconductive coatings on a conductive nonferrous substrate utilizes eddy current effects.