Abstract: There are three oscillator circuits which oscillate at different frequencies, each oscillator circuit including a gate having an input and an output. The output of the first gate is connected to an inverter and the input of the second gate. The output of the inverter is connected to the input of the third gate. The output of the second and third gates is connected across a piezoelectric transducer to produce a warble sound.

Abstract: A pair of crystal-controlled oscillators generate respective signals at specific frequencies that are useful in processing a video signal, such as in providing clock-driven signal delay or producing a subcarrier signal. The frequencies are used in such a way that they feed through into the frequency spectrum of the processed video signal. Though the frequencies are nominal multiples of each other they cannot be maintained invariant because of normal circuit conditions, such as ambient temperature variations and circuit aging. The frequencies therefore mix and a difference frequency develops in the processed video signal. By injecting a suitable harmonic of the lower frequency signal into the crystal oscillator generating the higher frequency signal, the higher frequency will lock to variations in the lower frequency. The difference frequency consequently disappears.

Abstract: A reference signal from a reference signal source is supplied to a frequency transformer and a side band signal generator. The frequency transformer is formed mainly by up-converters and produces a frequency m times as high as the frequency f.sub.s of the reference signal. The side band signal generator outputs signals of base and harmonic frequencies f.sub.s, 2f.sub.s, 3f.sub.s, . . . and nf.sub.s (where n is less than m) and produces less phase noise than does the frequency transformer. The outputs of the frequency transformer and the side band signal generator are frequency mixed by a frequency mixer, and one frequency component in the frequency-mixed output is selected by a variable filter.

Abstract: An electronic tone ringer provides a distinctive ringing capability through the use of two oscillators which allow selection of four tones and four modulation rates. In determining the type of tone generated, formattable inputs select between frequency shift or amplitude modulation modes or disabling the modulation altogether to generate a single tone. In the frequency shift mode, two fundamental frequencies are generated which are related by a predetermined ratio, the output tone alternating between these two frequencies at one of four selectable modulation rates. In the amplitude modulation mode, a single frequency is switched on and off at the selected modulation rate. All of the tones are produced with a duty cycle appropriate for driving an electromagnetic acoustic transducer.

Abstract: A multiple tone signaling device provides a piezoelectric transducer, first, second and third oscillator circuits, a first input terminal for enabling either or both of the first and second oscillator circuits, circuitry coupling the third oscillator circuit to the first and second oscillator circuits for disabling either the first or second oscillator circuits in response thereto, and a second input terminal coupled to the third oscillator circuit for allowing control of the output of said third oscillator circuit.

Abstract: An RF local oscillator, particularly useful in connection with phase shift key modulation in satellite communications systems, provides a low phase noise signal by use of a phase locked loop having a phase stable oscillator to provide frequency conversion of a frequency synthesizer output signal.

Abstract: A closed loop frequency source includes a controllable oscillator that provides a first frequency source, a reference oscillator that provides a second signal, and a comparator that compares the two frequencies to provide an error signal that represents the difference between the frequencies. The error signal is used by an error signal generator to generate a compensation signal which offsets the carrier frequency that drives an output device such as a time-of-day clock so that the output device automatically gains or loses the previously accumulated time error without the necessity of being periodically updated.

Abstract: The optical injection-locking of an FET oscillator is accomplished by injecting the beat signal between two coherently mixed slave lasers, which are locked to different harmonics of a modulated master laser, into the FET oscillator to be locked. 120 GHz injection-locking beat signals are possible using this technique.

Abstract: A signal regeneration circuit using first and second phase-locked loop (PLL) circuits each having a phase comparator, a loop filter and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) in which the phase of an input signal is shifted by a desired amount. The first PLL operates as an input signal frequency averaging means, and the second PLL operates to satisfy the final performance as a signal regenerative circuit based on the output of the VCO in the first PLL, thereby producing as a regenerative signal the output of the VCO in the second PLL. Thus, this signal regeneration circuit can regenerate a clear signal having no noise from an unclear input signal deeply immersed in noise.

Abstract: The output from a first variable frequency oscillator is frequency divided by a variable frequency divider and the frequency-divided output is phase compared by a first phase comparator with a first reference signal. By the phase-compared output is controlled a second variable-frequency oscillator of higher frequency stability than that of the first variable frequency oscillator. The output from the first variable oscillator is frequency divided by another frequency divider and the frequency-divided output is phase compared by a second phase comparator on the basis of the output from the second variable frequency oscillator and, by the phase-compared output, the first variable frequency oscillator is controlled. By changing the frequency dividing ratio of the variable frequency divider, the oscillation frequency of the first variable frequency oscillator is set.

Abstract: A combiner for power combining electromagnetic energy is disclosed. At least two electromagnetic cavities are positioned having intercavity coupling among all cavities: each cavity is tangent to all other cavities and/or external transmission line connections are employed to enhance/provide intercavity coupling. Each cavity contains within it at least one power generating device. An input/output port is connected via a nonreciprocal device to an output load and an injecting oscillator which usually has a lower power level than that of the free-running combiner and a higher spectral purity. The cavities are intentionally tuned to at least two different frequencies. For the two cavity and three cavity embodiments, a greater bandwidth is obtained compared with prior art combiners where the cavities are tuned to the same frequency. The power loss is slight.

Abstract: The broadband injection locked oscillator system comprises a first voltage controlled oscillator having a signal output for a first signal controlled to have a first frequency in a first relatively broad frequency range, and a second voltage controlled oscillator having a signal output for a second signal controlled to have a second frequency in a second relatively broad frequency band. The output of the second oscillator is coupled to a signal input of the first oscillator to injection lock the first oscillator to the second oscillator. The second frequency is harmonically related to the first frequency when the injection lock occurs.

Abstract: A timekeeping signal source for an electronic timepiece produces a highly accurate timekeeping signal which is stable in frequency with respect to both temperature variations and long-term drift. The timekeeping signal is produced by phase lock control using a high frequency reference signal from a crystal-controlled high-frequency oscillator. Phase lock control can be performed continuously or on an intermittent basis, in order to reduce power consumption. In addition, the timekeeping rate can be adjusted with a resolution within one period of the high frequency reference signal, by variation of a numeric value stored in digital memory means.

Abstract: A radio transmitter is operatively arranged to develop and broadcast a coded signal which may be used to effect remote control functions, for example, to control door opening mechanism. The transmitter includes a radio frequency oscillator having a coil which constitutes the radiating element. The radio frequency oscillator is modulated by a first low frequency oscillator, which is frequency modulated by output from a second low frequency oscillator, both low frequency oscillators being controlled by a timer which turns the low frequency oscillators ON for about one second and holds them OFF for about thirty seconds. The low frequency oscillators and the timer are realized by a commercially available, integrated CMOS circuit.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitoring system includes a tuned circuit with a pressure sensitive switch which is closed when the tire pressure is normal, connected across it, the tuned circuit and switch being mounted on the vehicle wheel. Mounted on a part of the vehicle is a detector circuit including an oscillator which includes an inductor which is at least intermittently coupled to the inductor of the tuned circuit. When the switch is closed the oscillator runs normally and its output is detected to indicate that all is well. When switch is open, however, the oscillator output is suppressed whenever the inductors are coupled together. The circuit can also be used in other applications where it is required to detect the state of an isolated switch.

Abstract: A waveform capable of jamming some or all of the channels of a multiple channel receiver is developed by a multi-tone jammer that uses a digital counter and a digital/analog converter to generate a ramp voltage for a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The output of the VCO is modulated by a pin diode attenuator. The attenuator is controlled by a pattern generator synchronized with the digital counter to blank the retrace and any portion of the sweep to provide a partial band tone jamming spectrum. The digital counter is driven by a MHz reference signal generator and the sweep repetition rate is greater than the circuit bandwidth.

Abstract: The frequency of a reference oscillator is controlled by a reference voltage which is altered at the beginning of an output cycle to equal the instantaneous value of the averaged outputs of a first oscillator and a second oscillator. In a preferred embodiment, the outputs from the reference oscillator and the second oscillator are summed, and this voltage is used to control the power output to a load.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a music synthesizer which responds to a music note played by a music instrument. The synthesizer has an envelope generator which generates a control signal in relation to the input signal to control the loudness of the synthesized note. Also, the synthesizer has a pair of voltage controlled oscillators, one of which provides a signal having a frequency related to the frequency of the input note, and the other of which provides a signal having a frequency related to the frequency of the input signal offset by the ratio of the difference between a programmed note and a referenced note, such as A440. The programmed note is that note following the operation of a control switch. The synthesizer further includes a series of footpads which control various functions of the synthesizer, such as programming the programmed note, to allow the user to control the synthesized sound while playing an instrument.

Abstract: An electronic timepiece having a high frequency oscillator with a high level of frequency stability and an electronically controlled low frequency oscillator. The phase of a high frequency signal from the high frequency oscillator is compared with a signal from the low frequency oscillator, and a digital signal is produced in accordance with the phase difference. The digital signal alternately controls the frequency of the low frequency signal to be slightly greater than an exact submultiple of that of the high frequency signal and slightly less that an exact submultiple of the high frequency signal, so that with respect to a relatively long time interval the frequency of the low frequency signal is an exact submultiple of that of the high frequency signal, the low frequency signal being thereby utilizable as a timebase signal for the timepiece.

Abstract: The invention relates to high-security time bases. A time base comprises three synchronized generators which each deliver a clock signal 2h or a synchronizing signal Sy used for synchronizing frames. Each generator includes an oscillator driven by a phase comparator which receives the three clock signals and by an internal locking circuit which receives a signal connected to the external synchronizing signal and/or a signal connected to the synchronizing signal Sy inherent to the generator, the synchronizing signal Sy being synchronized by a majority circuit which receives the synchronizing signals Sy from the three generators. Application to data processing installations and in particular to telephone exchanges.

Abstract: An oscillation generator providing a succession of oscillations repetitively and progressively varying in amplitude includes a feedback oscillator arranged to receive its operating voltage from a capacitor that is progressively charged from a periodically fluctuating voltage source by way of an SCR and a timing circuit arranged to progressively vary the timing during the fluctuation period of the source of firing signals applied to the SCR. The timing circuit includes a firing capacitor charged from a unidirectional source and semiconductor switches arranged, when the potential on the firing capacitor attains a predetermined level, to discharge the capacitor into the trigger electrode of the SCR. The time required for the potential on the firing capacitor to reach the predetermined level is varied by a saw-tooth generator that controls the charging potential for the capacitor.

Abstract: A pulse radar distance measuring system in which the transmitter oscillator s injection-locked to a reference oscillator through a directional coupler. The pulses from the reference oscillator are of a duration which is approximately equal to the time required for the transmitted signal to travel to a target and return. The output of the transmitter oscillator is coupled to the transmitting antenna through the above mentioned directional coupler. The received target return signal is compared with the signal from the reference oscillator in a balanced mixer. The output of the mixer is coupled to a range-gated receiver and then to decision circuits for utilization.

Abstract: A synchronization circuit for a free-running push-pull inverter in which the frequency is determined by a saturable transformer in the feedback loop. Synchronization is achieved by momentarily short-circuiting the inputs to the two switching transistors together to initiate the switching cycle.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electronic ringing circuit for telephone systems. The inventive circuit provides a dual tone output with the tones changing at a predetermined rate. The circuit consists of a rectifying circuit connected across the telephone lines which receive the normal 90VAC/20 Hz telephone ringing signals. The rectified signal is then connected to one input terminal of a voltage comparator, the other terminal of which is connected to a reference voltage source. When a ringing signal is present, the rectified signal will be greater than the voltage of the reference source so that the voltage comparator will provide an output. This output is fed to the control terminals of electronically controlled switches, and when the switches are closed, the oscillators will be grounded through frequency determining capacitors associated with the respective oscillators.

Abstract: A sound communication system incorporating a triangle wave generator (TWG), a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and an output circuit including one or more loudspeakers. The output circuit is connected from the output of the VCO. The output of the TWG is connected to the input of the VCO to control its frequency of oscillation. The TWG can be actuated by a horn ring switch or a momentary contact switch, either of which, when closed, grounds the TWG input and causes the TWG to oscillate. A transistor switch is connected from the TWG input and a third lead from the VCO to cut off the VCO to protect the speaker(s) from damage due to low frequencies.

Abstract: Narrow amplitude calibrated pulses are injected into the RF input ports of microwave receivers such as those used for interference and intensity measurements to gain calibrate the receivers. The upper frequency limit of the prior art calibration source is greatly extended by frequency modulating the pulse generator to obtain pulses that vary in repetition rate between 95 and 105 MHz so that beginning with the tenth harmonic, a continuous band of pulses of predetermined amplitude sweeps from 950 MHz up to approximately 18 GHz.

Abstract: A current-to-current isolator is utilized in a monitoring system between a signal transmitter and a control room instrument. The isolator has a master oscillator, including a first transformer, a slave oscillator, a current transformer and a rectifying circuit, so that the current signal at its input is closely reproduced at its output. The isolator is powered by the signal current from the transmitter and does not require an external power source.

Abstract: An alarm device for use in a vehicle which utilizes an audio frequency oscillator to drive a buzzer or tone device audible to the occupants of the vehicle. The alarm includes a control circuit which automatically stops the alarm after a preselected interval and may include modulated or interrupted alarm.

Abstract: For use in an electronic musical instrument, such as an electronic organ, a first set of tone generators, preferably of the type where all of the notes of a musical scale are obtained by frequency division from a single frequency stable master oscillator, operates together with a second set of tone generators comprised of a plurality of individually tunable chorus oscillators for generating the notes of a musical scale in a frequency range where the sensitivity of the human ear to ensemble or chorus effect is appreciable. The chorus oscillators are individually adjusted to beat with and produce chorus effects with corresponding notes derived from the first set. In addition, the entire set of chorus oscillators is capable of being simultaneously and proportionally raised or lowered in pitch by applying a control voltage to a frequency control terminal.