Abstract: A system for detecting interactions between charged targets and analytes. The system includes a fluid channel, and a waveguide associated with the fluid channel. A detection region is associated with the waveguide, and a biasing element is operatively coupled to the detection region. The biasing element is adapted to electrically bias a portion of the waveguide at the detection region, and the charged targets are electrostatically bound to the detection region when the portion of the waveguide is electrically biased. An optical detector is adapted to detect optical changes from the detection region.

Abstract: Waveguide nonlinear signal processors include transmission lines defined on a substrate. A plurality of varactors or pairs of varactors are situated along the transmission line and are in communication with a signal conductor of the transmission line and one or more control conductors. A processor controller is configured to provide a control signal to the one or more control conductors to select operational characteristics of the varactors or pairs of varactors. In some examples, the varactors are diodes and a control signal is provided to select a diode current-voltage characteristic in order to limit or clip an input signal to positive and/or negative amplitudes. Alternatively, a control signal is configured to provide a selected spectral transmission bandwidth or propagation delay by selecting a varactor capacitance-voltage characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a FINLINE type microwave band-pass filter comprising a waveguide provided with an insulating substrate placed in an E plane of the guide and comprising on at least one of the surfaces, conductive inserts electrically connected to the internal surfaces of the guide which support the substrate and which determine by their dimensions and their positioning on the substrate a Chebyshev type filter response curve. The filter includes at least one cavity in perpendicular short circuit to the substrate, the positioning and the dimensions of the cavity determining a transmission zero on the filter response curve for attenuating the frequencies situated around this zero. Such a filter is used in particular in transmission terminals operating in the Ka band.

Abstract: The invention relates to a frequency filter including a structure with, on one face, two extreme evanescent areas and at least one wave guide area between the evanescent areas. The at least one wave guide area and the evanescent areas form a single closed cavity. The single cavity is partitioned by at least two resonator elements that are embedded in the single cavity at placement areas and that contribute to delimiting the at least one wave guide area and the evanescent areas.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic filter with a metal guide can is provided. The dielectric ceramic filter includes a metal guide can coupled to and projecting from both input/output ends of the dielectric ceramic filter. Alternatively, the dielectric ceramic filter includes: a dielectric block having a plurality of vertical grooves formed in its side surfaces, wherein a conductive material is coated on all surfaces of the dielectric block except its ends; and a metal guide can covering both ends of the dielectric block, wherein the metal guide can is a conductive metal plate projecting from both ends of the dielectric block.

Abstract: A filter including a body on which a waveguide groove, whose one surface is open, is formed in a U-shape and a plurarity of inductive resonant windows are provided along a longitudinal direction of the waveguide groove at a predetermined interval in the waveguide groove; and a cover being provided on a top surface of the body so as to cover the surface being open, wherein the plurality of inductive resonant windows are provided in such a manner that a cavity, which is enclosed by two of the plurality of inductive resonant windows being adjacent, the body and cover, resonates at a predetermined frequency and passes a electromagnetic wave in a predetermined frequency band and wherein one end of the U-shaped waveguide groove is an input terminal and other end is an output terminal, and the input terminal and output terminal are formed on a same surface.

Abstract: A waveguide filter with a signal input port at a first end and a signal output port at a second end includes a dielectric core of moldable material where the outer surface of its periphery has a metal layer with nonmetallized openings positioned at opposite ends of the filter to accommodate the input and output ports. The filter's periphery is configured to provide a cascade connection of a plurality of metal-bounded ridge-waveguide sections with interspersed metal-bounded evanescent-mode coupling regions. The filter can be joined through a manifold to realize a frequency-multiplexer, with the manifold containing a cascade connection of electrically short waveguide segments and quasi-lumped waveguide circuit components, such as irises. The filter and multiplexer are amenable to the application of cost-effective injection molding techniques to manufacture the dielectric core.

Abstract: The invention relates to RF bandpass filters with pseudo-elliptic response. In a filter comprising a dielectric substrate placed in E position in a rectangular waveguide and comprising inserts on one of the surfaces of the substrate are placed conductors linked electrically to the walls of the guide, and on the other surface of the substrate opposite these conducting inserts are placed electrically floating inserts that make it possible to determine zeros in the transmission curve of the filter. This yields a filter exhibiting a response curve of pseudo-elliptic type which improves the rejection of spurious frequencies without increasing the dimensions of the filter.

Abstract: A hollow waveguide (1) has a wall (3) having plural pegs (16) thereon. The pegs (16) which project into the hollow interior of the waveguide (1) such that the waveguide (1) propagates electromagnetic waves only below a certain frequency. The surface of each of the pegs (16) is substantially free of discontinuity and concavities. The waveguide (1) may be manufactured by a moulding process.

Abstract: Electrodes (2) and (3) are formed on the front face (1A) and the rear face (1B) of a dielectric substrate (1). Fan-shaped apertures (4A) and (4B) forming a resonator (4) are formed in the electrodes (2) and (3) such that the fan-shaped aperture (4A) opposes the fan-shaped aperture (4B). Accordingly, two parameters, that is, the radius and the central angle, of the fan-shaped apertures (4A) and (4B) can be used to set the resonant frequency of the resonator (4), thus improving the flexibility in design of the resonator (4).

Abstract: A method of fabricating a ridge waveguide filter having a slow-wave structure. The ridge waveguide is formed of a conductive sidewall-from metallic materials and may be in the form of a hollow tube, such as a rectangular hollow tube or a circular hollow tube, for example. The method comprises the steps of: forming a conductive body portion of an elongate hollow tube, wherein the body portion has an open top a bottom wall, two opposing side walls and an open top; providing a substrate having a top surface onto which a plurality of photoresist layers are formed; etching the top surface of the substrate to form a plurality of trenches in the substrate; plating the etched substrate surface with a layer of conductive material; and attaching the etched substrate to the conductive body portion to cover the open top of the conductive body portion.

Abstract: RF and microwave radiation directing or controlling components are provided that may be monolithic, that may be formed from a plurality of electrodeposition operations and/or from a plurality of deposited layers of material, that may include switches, inductors, antennae, transmission lines, filters, and/or other active or passive components. Components may include non-radiation-entry and non-radiation-exit channels that are useful in separating sacrificial materials from structural materials. Preferred formation processes use electrochemical fabrication techniques (e.g. including selective depositions, bulk depositions, etching operations and planarization operations) and post-deposition processes (e.g. selective etching operations and/or back filling operations).

Abstract: A filter includes a waveguide with at least one impedance structure with a resonant frequency. The impedance structure is positioned in the waveguide to reflect signals at the resonant frequency. The filter can be tunable by including variable capacitance devices in the impedance structure(s) so that the resonant frequency can be adjusted.

Abstract: A conductive layer is formed on each of the upper and lower surfaces of a dielectric substrate, and the two conductive layers are connected by rows of via-holes that are formed which a spacing that is less than or equal to ½ of the wavelength in the dielectric substrate in the resonance frequency, whereby n stages of dielectric resonators and input/output waveguide structures are formed. If the number n of stages is assumed to be 3, the first-stage resonator and the second-stage resonator are coupled by an electromagnetic field by means of via-holes of a first spacing; the second-stage resonator and the third-stage resonator are coupled by an electromagnetic by means of via-holes of a second spacing, whereby a filter is formed. The input/output waveguide structure and the filter are coupled by an electromagnetic by means of via-holes of a fourth spacing. The first-stage resonator and the third-stage resonator are coupled by an electromagnetic field by means of via-holes of a third spacing.

Abstract: The invention proposes a transition between a microstrip technology circuit and a waveguide, the waveguide being furnished with a probe linked electrically to the microstrip circuit. The transition comprises at least one first resonant cavity coupled by a first hole placed level with the said plane. The transition furnished with the cavity behaves as a bandstop filter. The transition is placed in an outside unit of a transmission system comprising a transmit circuit embodied in microstrip technology and an antenna of waveguide type. A transmit circuit comprises at least one local oscillator and the resonant cavity is tuned to the frequency of the local oscillator.

Abstract: A waveguide filter is disclosed. The waveguide filter includes a lower conductive layer; a plurality of dielectric layers stacked on the lower conductive layer; an upper conductive layer formed on a top surface of the plurality of dielectric layers; a waveguide formed on the upper conductive layer; and two sets of first via metals arranged at longitudinal sides of the waveguide filter, wherein each of the sets is formed in two-fold line shape.

Abstract: A microwave component has a cavity including a plurality of geometrically shaped elements therein wherein the shape profile and position of the elements in relation to the cavity act to define the guiding properties of the cavity and therefore to define operational characteristics of the component.

Abstract: Disclosed is an input/output coupling structure for coupling a printed circuit board with a dielectric waveguide having a dielectric body and a conductive film covering the dielectric body. The coupling structure comprises a first conductive pattern formed on the bottom surface of the dielectric waveguide to serve as an input/output electrode, in such a manner as to be surrounded directly by an exposed portion of the dielectric body and further by the conductive film formed around the outer periphery of the exposed portion, a spacer having a surface made substantially entirely of a conductive material and a portion for defining a given space, and a second conductive pattern formed on a principal surface of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the microstrip line.

Abstract: An electron tube for communication is provided with an output waveguide that is directly coupled to an outlet port of a RF (Radio Frequency) wave signal, and at least one of a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, and a band-pass filter is included inside the output waveguide.

Abstract: A tunable filter includes a waveguide with at least one resonant cavity and a tunable impedance structure coupled to each resonant cavity. Each resonant cavity has a resonant frequency and its corresponding impedance structure can be tuned to adjust the resonant frequency. The filter transmits the signal in a pass-band that includes the resonant frequency and reflects signals outside the pass-band.

Abstract: A tunable filter which may include at least one resonator. The at least one resonator may comprise a ring resonator made on a dielectric substrate placed in a waveguide, wherein the waveguide may contain a cut-off portion which houses and shields at least one resonator containing at least one tunable capacitor therein. A DC Bias circuit may be connected to the at least one resonator and may be capable of providing DC bias to the at least one tunable capacitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for filtering electromagnetic waves, consisting of a turret element comprising at least one pair of waveguide filters, each filter operating in a specific frequency band; the turret element being housed between a source antenna and an electromagnetic wave transmitter/receiver module.

Abstract: A floating microwave filter in a waveguide structure comprises filtering elements sandwiched between two foam half-bars that are placed inside a waveguide. The filtering elements are metal features etched in the surface of one of the two foam half-bars and the waveguide is an internally hollowed-out block of foam having a metallized external surface.

Abstract: A ridge waveguide filter having a slow-wave structure. The ridge waveguide has an elongate hollow tube formed of a conductive sidewall. At least a first part of the conductive sidewall periodically is recessed along an elongate direction of the hollow tube, such that a plurality of ridges is formed to project in the hollow tube. The sidewall is fabricated from metallic materials. The hollow tube includes a rectangular hollow tube or a circular hollow tube, for example. The ridges are equally spaced from and parallel with each other. Each of the ridges has a bottom surface parallel with a second part of the conductive sidewall. The second part of the conductive sidewall is opposite to the first part of the conductive sidewall.

Abstract: Embedded, coupled, shaped waveguide resonators having conductive walls sandwiched between two fired green tape stacks, said conductive walls having apertures therein whose size and location determine the degree of coupling. These waveguides are made by forming openings in a first green tape stack, defining walls and apertures therein, mounting a second green tape stack having a conductive layer thereon thereover and firing the assembly. E-plane probes are inserted in openings in the second green tape stack and connected to microstrip transmission lines on an external surface pf this green tape stack.

Abstract: Disclosed is a waveguide-type dielectric filter, which comprises a dielectric block, a plurality of resonators formed in the dielectric block, and a coupling portion for adjusting the coupling between the adjacent resonators. The dielectric block includes a pair of dielectric substrates which are divided in the arranging direction of the resonators and joined together through joint surfaces thereof, and a slot formed between the joint surfaces. The slot defines a through-hole severing as the coupling portion between the adjacent resonators. The slot may be formed in each of the joint surfaces or may be formed in only one of the joint surfaces. The above dielectric filter may include input and output sections, and a conductive film may be formed between the joint surfaces to provide a coupling portion of the input or output section. The present invention can provide a waveguide-type dielectric filter capable of being readily produced without causing any problem of mechanical strength.

Abstract: A compact multiple VSWR element filter in which one or more of the VSWR filter elements is a waveguide bend or a waveguide media transition. Methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to optimize arrangement of through holes and enable electromagnetic waves to be efficiently propagated. A cylindrical waveguide has a dielectric substrate, ground electrodes which face each other, and a plurality of through holes for bringing the ground electrodes into conduction. In the case of determining arrangement of the through holes, first, the relation between a center interval and the radius of each of the through holes is obtained from required attenuance of electromagnetic waves. On the basis of the obtained relation, arrangement of the through holes is determined. Irrespective of a signal wavelength and the like conventionally used as parameters, the arrangement of the through holes can be optimized.

Abstract: Provided are a filter and a method of arranging resonators, which enable forming an attenuation pole and thus achieving excellent frequency characteristics. The filter includes a plurality of resonators. An electromagnetic wave enters through an input end into one of the resonators and exits through an output end from another resonator. The resonators are arranged so that two propagation paths are formed between the input end of one resonator and the output end of another resonator. Forming a plurality of propagation paths allows producing the attenuation pole.

Abstract: A dictionary coupler using a non-radiative dielectric waveguide is disclosed. Particularly, a millimeter wave band non-radiative dielectric waveguide directional coupler using a multiple-hole structure in which two parallel NRD waveguides located between upper and lower conductive plates and a conductive plate having a multiple-hole structure is inserted between two NRD waveguides to couple electric and magnetic waves of an electric field component or a magnetic field component is provided.

Abstract: A microwave filter including a plurality of resonator cavities (1, 10) arranged in more than two adjacent rows and more than two adjacent columns; wherein each resonator cavity is coupled with at least a sequential adjacent resonator cavity for providing a main path for an electromagnetic energy to be transmitted from a first resonator cavity (1) to a last resonator cavity (10). The electromagnetic energy is injected into the first resonator cavity (1) by an input terminal (20) through an input coupling, and the electromagnetic energy is extracted from the last resonator cavity (10) by an output terminal (21) through an output coupling, and the first (1) and last (10) resonator cavities are non-sequential adjacent cavities.

Abstract: A cutoff waveguide path is provided in a part of a dielectric waveguide comprising a pair of main conductive layers formed on an upper and a lower surfaces of a dielectric and groups of conductive vias arranged in the direction of signal transmission with a space of a distance less than ½ of a signal wavelength between the conductive vias, and provided in the cutoff waveguide path is a resonator having dielectric vias formed of a dielectric having a higher dielectric constant than that of a dielectric forming the dielectric waveguide. With this construction, a dielectric waveguide type filter easily designed and manufactured can be obtained.

Abstract: A microwave component has a cavity including a plurality of geometrically shaped elements therein wherein the shape profile and position of the elements in relation to the cavity act to define the guiding properties of the cavity and therefore to define operational characteristics of the component.

Abstract: Embedded, coupled, shaped waveguide resonators having conductive walls sandwiched between two fired green tape stacks, said conductive walls having apertures therein whose size and location determine the degree of coupling. These waveguides are made by forming openings in a first green tape stack, defining walls and apertures therein, mounting a second green tape stack having a conductive layer thereon thereover and firing the assembly. E-plane probes are inserted in openings in the second green tape stack and connected to microstrip transmission lines on an external surface pf this green tape stack.

Abstract: The invention relates to a quadruple mode microwave filter having coupled cavities with a plurality of transmission zeros, said filter comprising at least one rectangular parallelepiped-shaped quadruple mode cavity, at least two rectangular irises, and two input/output waveguides. Tuning and coupling of the filter are obtained exclusively by the dimensions and mutual disposition of the at least one resonant cavity and the irises, without any screw or other tuning mechanism. All the faces of the cavities and the irises are either parallel or perpendicular to each other. In a preferred embodiment the irises are offcentered along the two transverse axes. According to one advantageous feature, the input mode and the output mode are the same, preferably the TE 10 fundamental mode.

Abstract: An E-plane filter comprises a housing having a waveguide filter channel and a septum defining a plurality of couplers spaced apart along the length of the filter channel, thereby forming a resonator cavity between each adjacent coupler. The portion of the filter channel which accommodates the couplers and each resonator cavity is curved or otherwise changes direction in a plane transverse to the channel walls.

Abstract: A waveguide filter is disclosed. The waveguide filter includes a lower conductive layer; a plurality of dielectric layers stacked on the lower conductive layer; an upper conductive layer formed on a top surface of the plurality of dielectric layers; a waveguide formed on the upper conductive layer; and two sets of first via metals arranged at longitudinal sides of the waveguide filter, wherein each of the sets is formed in two-fold line shape.

Abstract: The invention relates to a quadruple mode microwave filter having coupled cavities with a plurality of transmission zeros, said filter comprising at least one rectangular parallelepiped-shaped quadruple mode cavity, at least two rectangular irises, and two input/output waveguides. Tuning and coupling of the filter are obtained exclusively by the dimensions and mutual disposition of the at least one resonant cavity and the irises, without any screw or other tuning mechanism. All the faces of the cavities and the irises are either parallel or perpendicular to each other. In a preferred embodiment the irises are offcentered along the two transverse axes. According to one advantageous feature, the input mode and the output mode are the same, preferably the TE 10 fundamental mode.

Abstract: A band-pass filter includes electrodes formed on both upper and lower surfaces of a dielectric plate, and a plurality of non-electrode portions on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric plate so that the non-electrode portions face each other across the dielectric plate to form resonators in regions confined by the non-electrode portions on the dielectric plate. The resonators other than at least input- and output-stage resonators are n&lgr;2 resonators, where &lgr; denotes one wavelength and n is an integer more than one. The first- and second-stage resonators, and the third- and fourth-stage resonators are magnetically (inductively) coupled, and the second- and third-stage resonators are capacitively or inductively coupled. The band-pass filter therefore provides satisfactory attenuation characteristic from the pass band to the stop band, and can also be compact and lightweight.

Abstract: A microwave component with an at least partially enclosed cavity, such as a microwave filter, a waveguide or a horn antenna, includes an outer support structure and an electric layer which is made of pulse-plated silver and which is arranged on the inside of the support structure and faces the cavity. The microwave component further includes a first inner protective layer of chemically precipitated gold, the protective layer being arranged on the electric layer and facing the cavity.

Abstract: A floating microwave filter in a waveguide structure comprises filtering elements sandwiched between two foam half-bars that are placed inside a waveguide. The filtering elements are metal features etched in the surface of one of the two foam half-bars and the waveguide is an internally hollowed-out block of foam having a metallized external surface.

Abstract: A multiple-beam antenna is provided which is capable of receiving radio waves from two satellites by one down converter and readily adjusting a polarization displacement due to a locational difference in receiving areas. Probes for vertically and horizontally polarized waves are inserted to two circular waveguides corresponding to signals from two satellites. One end of each probe is bent to have an angle for adjustment of the polarization displacement where it is installed. The other end of each probe is mounted on a board of a down converter via a through hole.

Abstract: A rectangular penetration hole is formed opening in the opposite two main surfaces of a first dielectric substrate. Conductors for grounding are respectively formed on the main surfaces, to cover the openings of the penetration hole. A conductor layer is formed on opposite inner walls in the penetration hole of the dielectric substrate. A waveguide is structured by a space surrounded by the conductors and the conductor layers. The waveguide is magnetically coupled with an input/output line on a second dielectric substrate through a coupling slot. Because a waveguide has walls made continuous in the dielectric substrate, a low-loss waveguide can be realized. Hence, a high-performance radio frequency module can be realized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a waveguide-type dielectric filter, which comprises a dielectric block, a plurality of resonators formed in the dielectric block, and a coupling portion for adjusting the coupling between the adjacent resonators. The dielectric block includes a pair of dielectric substrates which are divided in the arranging direction of the resonators and joined together through joint surfaces thereof, and a slot formed between the joint surfaces. The slot defines a through-hole severing as the coupling portion between the adjacent resonators. The slot may be formed in each of the joint surfaces or may be formed in only one of the joint surfaces. The above dielectric filter may include input and output sections, and a conductive film may be formed between the joint surfaces to provide a coupling portion of the input or output section. The present invention can provide a waveguide-type dielectric filter capable of being readily produced without causing any problem of mechanical strength.

Abstract: A multiplexer is constructed, which has a stable volume over its thermal operating range. A composite material is used that utilizes a fabric having fibers of opposing coefficients of thermal expansion. Such fibers are assembled at an angle to each other so that resulting expansion and contractions counter act and cancel. One of the fibers is selected for its high thermal conductivity and extends over the length of the multiplexer to form a heat dissipating path.

Abstract: Disclosed is an input/output coupling structure for a dielectric waveguide resonator to be mounted on a printed circuit board, which comprises; a region defined in the printed circuit board and surrounded by a first conductive film formed on the front surface of the printed circuit board and connected to a microstrip line on the printed circuit board, a second conductive film formed on the back surface of the printed circuit board, and a conductive wall connecting the respective peripheries of the first and second conductive films; a first slot formed in the front surface of the region; and a second slot formed in a surface of the dielectric waveguide resonator which is disposed to be opposed to the region of the printed circuit board. The first and second slots are adapted to be disposed in opposed relation to one another.

Abstract: The waveguide polarizer is a device for microwave antenna systems consisting of a waveguide section, with circular cross-section, being equipped with two terminal flanges for connection to other circular guides. A certain number of elliptical irises are arranged inside at regular intervals, resting on parallel planes and all oriented in the same way, i.e. with their longer axes all belonging to the same axial plane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for filtering electromagnetic waves, consisting of a turret element (2) comprising at least one pair of waveguide filters, each filter operating in a specific frequency band; the turret element being housed between a source antenna (1) and an electromagnetic wave transmitter/receiver module (3).

Abstract: A sharp-cutoff VHF elliptic filter includes a folded signal path and internally coupled feedback in a conductive enclosure. Sized for the power requirements of commercial television broadcast transmission, the filter implements the elliptic filter equation through use of cavities, resonators, and couplers. The negative feedback required by the elliptic filter equation is implemented by folding the RF signal path and coupling the feedback energy through a gap in an internal septum to sum negatively with the signal in the main signal path. The elliptic filter can have an interdigital configuration, which puts successive resonators on opposite walls of the enclosure and couples the signal at half-wavelength spacing. The elliptic filter can alternatively have a comb line configuration, which places all resonators on one wall and employs full-wavelength spacing.

Abstract: A cutoff waveguide path is provided in a part of a dielectric waveguide comprising a pair of main conductive layers formed on an upper and a lower surfaces of a dielectric and groups of conductive vias arranged in the direction of signal transmission with a space of a distance less than ½ of a signal wavelength between the conductive vias, and provided in the cutoff waveguide path is a resonator having dielectric vias formed of a dielectric having a higher dielectric constant than that of a dielectric forming the dielectric waveguide. With this construction, a dielectric waveguide type filter easily designed and manufactured can be obtained.