Abstract: An electro-mechanical fuel injector comprising: a housing and valve seat including a valve setting surface and a metering orifice disposed at a lower end of the housing. An armature assembly is movable relative to the valve seating surface for opening and closing the metering orifice and includes an armature and a pin extending therefrom and adapted to engage the seating surface; a coil assembly and spring are provided to move the armature assembly in a direction to open and close the metering orifice. The injector includes a fluid chamber defined upstream of the metering orifice, in surrounding relation to a portion of the armature assembly. A damping assembly is also provided, movable with the armature assembly, for generating a viscous shear damping force by interacting with the wall of the chamber.

Abstract: A method for providing consistent response repeatability of a DC solenoid within a close time tolerance in the energized response time for moving the solenoid armature, and the means for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solenoid having a central and a peripheral air gap between the armature and the pole piece. The energizating coil is located in the space between the central core and the peripheral portions of the pole piece and armature. In one embodiment, an output shaft is received in an aperture in the central core of the pole piece and connected to the armature. In preferred embodiments, a longitudinally and radially extending slot is provide to produced eddy current losses. Additionally, mass is removed from non-critical portions of the armature to reduce its weight and increase its acceleration during energization of the solenoid. By utilizing stepped changes in the pole piece and armatures, peripheral portions and central core portions as well as variations in the central and peripheral gaps, the force/distance curve of the solenoid can be tailored to the specific application.

Abstract: The invention provides an electromagnetic actuatable device including at least one current carrying winding having electrical terminals for applying voltage thereacross and a ferrymagnetic member configured to provide a closed magnetic flux path for magnetic flux induced by the winding when voltage is applied thereto. The member is at least partly disposed within the winding and has means locatable at least in proximity to the winding for modifying magnetic field intensity therethrough. One of the windings or members is adapted to be immobilized with respect to the other so that upon the application of voltage to the winding the non-immobilized winding or member is movable with respect to the other as a result of the force developed by the induced flux.

Abstract: A device (10;50) comprisingan armature (12;80) movable in a first and a second direction;an obstruction for (20;22;60;74) for providing a motion stop in at least the first direction;an electromagnetic and return spring (18;28;60;140) for moving said armature in the first and second directions; anda damper attached to and movable with said armature for dissipating energy from the collision of the armature with the motion stop.

Abstract: A device for setting the air gap between an armature and an energizable electromagnet, which utilizes a pin that can be force fitted in the armature by a tool forcing it against spring bias for a distance limited to the thickness of a collar on the pin. In so doing, the spring is transformed from an unstressed to a stressed condition so that upon return movement of the spring the collar, pin, and armature are actuated a distance equal to the thickness of the collar thereby setting the air gap.

Abstract: An improved solenoid wherein the volume of a secondary air gap is increased during the plunger stroke, in order to reduce the increased plunger force that would otherwise occur during the plunger stroke.

Abstract: A solenoid actuator including a coil of electrically conductive wire having a central opening, a yoke of magnetic material permanently surrounding the coil, and a stationary armature permanently secured to the yoke and projecting from the yoke into the central opening in the coil. A core tube of non-magnetic material is removably retained within the central opening in the coil, the core tube having a closed end engaging the stationary armature and the core tube being separable from the coil-yoke-armature assembly. A movable armature within the core tube is slidable toward and away from the stationary armature. A stationary armature extension of magnetic material surrounds the exterior of the core tube, the extensions being an element independent of the stationary armature. The extension may be an annular element, coaxial with the core tube, which engages the stationary armature. The extension may be a ring having a wall of uniform or non-uniform thickness along its length.

Abstract: An electromagnetic actuator comprises two armatures which are relatively movable to define a stroke and which form a main magnetic circuit the reluctance of which is variable between the ends of the stroke. A secondary magnetic circuit is formed between the armatures and its reluctance is also variable between the ends of the stroke, the variation being different to that of the first circuit to allow the relationship between the force of the actuator and the stroke position to be trailored to suit different requirements.

Abstract: An electromagnetic solenoid for use with a fluid control valve is disclosed in which a fixed iron core and a casing for housing a solenoid coil can be fabricated separately from each other without difficulty, and in which the configuration and the clearance between the fixed iron core and a movable iron core or the length of the extension of the fixed iron core from an end wall of the casing can be readily changed in accordance with the desired magnetic attraction characteristics thereof as required. The cylindrical casing has an end wall formed at its one end and is open at its other end, the open end being closed by an end cap member to form a yoke for a magnetic circuit. The fixed iron core is adapted to be separably connected with the end wall of the casing.

Abstract: A solenoid having a high degree of proportionality. A stationary pole is disposed within an electromagnetic coil and forms part of a flux path. An armature slides into and out of a bore of the pole and forms another part of the flux path. The armature has walls which define an axial recess formed in the armature face adjacent the pole. The armature walls have a cross-sectional thickness which decreases in a direction toward the bore. The walls of the pole bore have a cross-sectional thickness which decreases in a direction toward the armature. An air gap is formed between the decreasing thickness pole bore walls and armature walls which air gap remains substantially constant in the radial dimension as the armature slides.

Abstract: A DC current electromagnet is provided developing a high pulling force with reduced current consumption. This electromagnet has the form of a cylindrical pot and comprises a mobile armature which slides along a yoke piece through a closure air gap --e, S--, whose reluctance is low with respect to the reluctance of the working air gap --E, s-- when this latter is open and substantially constant during movement.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for transmitting force from an actuating element of an electromagnet to a component to be actuated. The actuating element and the component to be actuated are substantially axially aligned. The lever is supported upon and rotates about a stop which is at a predetermined distance from both the push-pin axis and the axis of the component. When the point of contact of the lever with the push-pin is closer to the axis of the component than the point of contact of the lever with the component, the apparatus provides a mechanical advantage greater than 1. As a result, the component is moved with an enhanced force in the initial stages of its movement. In a preferred environment, several levers are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the component to be actuated to reduce cross-forces.

Abstract: A remotely controlled circuit control device has first and second load contact assemblies movable into circuit engagement and circuit disengagement positions relative to one another in which one load contact assembly is operatively connected to a solenoid so that alternate forward strokes of the solenoid moves the one load contact assembly between reset and tripped positions through a push-push mechanism having an indexing portion and a latching portion. An overload mechanism cooperates with the latch portion to cause the load contact assemblies to move to the circuit disengaged position upon occurrence of a fault condition. The second load contact assembly includes pivotably mounted contact members which are linked to the first load contact assembly in such a way that circuit engagement during solenoid energization is precluded.

Abstract: An arrangement for an electromagnetically operated actuator for a displacement-type engine having a spring-mass valve actuating oscillatory system which includes a valve having an armature thereon and a pair of electromagnets for maintaining the valve in at least first and second final operational positions of the maximum amplitude of vibration, the armature and at least one of the electromagnets comprising a contact dampener for the armature, at least one of the electromagnets being mounted in the housing by a hydraulic length-compensating element such that the distance between the valve seat and the pole area of the electromagnet is adjusted to correspond to the distance between the valve head and the pole area of the armature, so that the desired amount of dampening is consistently effected as the armature approaches the electromagnet and the valve approaches its seat.

Abstract: An adjustable electromagnetic actuator is disclosed which is operable to control the displacement of a movable workpiece member. Included in the actuator is a coil assembly including means defining a bore and an energizeable field coil which surrounds the bore. An armature assembly movable in the bore includes a plunger and an output assembly which is adapted to be connected to the workpiece. Means operatively associated with one of the output member or the plunger restrains rotational movement of said one with respect to the other. Included is an arrangement which connects the output assembly to the plunger for allowing the plunger and the output assembly to move conjointly along a given axis and for allowing relative rotation therebetween when said one cooperates with the restraining means and the other of the plunger or the output assembly is rotated such that they are displaced in relationship to each other along the given axis to thereby allow stroke regulation of the armature assembly.

Abstract: An electrical current input to a pneumatic signal output transducer construction wherein the signal is substantially proportional to the current and is generated by a pneumatic relay of the construction that is controlled by an electrical current receiving unit of the construction, the current receiving unit comprising a fixed electrical coil that is adapted to have the current flow therethrough and a movable armature disposed in the coil and being operatively interconnected to the relay to control the relay in relation to the position of the armature relative to the coil.

Abstract: A rectilinear motion proportional solenoid which exhibits linear output motion that is linearly proportional to the applied electrical current input. The solenoid has an adjustment mechanism which is external to the working components of the solenoid for adjusting the gain or rate of displacement of the solenoid after final assembly or while the solenoid is operating without degrading the linearity characteristics, thus allowing dynamic calibration of an operating system.

Abstract: An adjustable resistance circuitry is connected in parallel to the coil of a solenoid to adjust the actuating force of a magnetic drive means for valves.

Abstract: An electromagnet used to operate a valve comprises an armature guided in a coil carrying body and equipped with an annular flange projecting into a recess in a buffer body with opposed limit faces to brake the movement of the armature in one direction before abutment of the pole faces and in the other direction a sealing of the valve opening. In the latter braking action the armature does not impact against the sealing surface due to a spring abutment of the valve member against the armature. The new electromagnet achieves a comparatively high degree of switch operation frequencies.

Abstract: A solenoid includes a coil, a pole assembly, an armature movable in the pole assembly and an air gap separating the armature from part of the pole assembly. A single mumetal washer may be fixed to the armature adjacent the air gap or a pair of mumetal washers may be fixed to the armature and to one of the pole parts on opposite sides of the air gap.

Abstract: An electrical current input to a pneumatic signal output transducer construction wherein the signal is substantially proportional to the current and is generated by a pneumatic relay of the construction that is controlled by an electrical current receiving unit of the construction, the current receiving unit comprising a fixed electrical coil that is adapted to have the current flow therethrough and a movable armature disposed in the coil and being operatively interconnected to the relay to control the relay in relation to the position of the armature relative to the coil.

Abstract: A piezo-electric control device is used to restrain movement of the armature of an electromagnet until the current through the exciter winding of the electromagnet has reached almost the maximum value. This causes the force applied to the armature to be the maximum force from the start of movement, so that the overall time required for movement of the armature from its starting to its end position is substantially decreased. Specifically, the piezo-electric control device is a column of discs having an axis perpendicular to the axis of movement of the armature. When electrical energy is applied to the column it expands in the axial direction causing a locking member mounted on its end to engage a stop member which is part of the armature. The locking member can either push the stop member against a further rigid stop or two columns can be used to clamp the stop member between them.

Abstract: An electromagnet has a movable core which is locked in rest position by magnetic effect. The movable core cooperates with portions of the magnetic field structure in such a manner as to form three sets of polar surfaces and gaps, of which one situated between the other two, can become saturated when the energizing flux of the winding achieves a certain threshold level. The device is particularly adapted to the actuation of circuit-breakers.

Abstract: An AC or DC solenoid for operating a hydraulic or air valve, or another machine comprises a means provided at one end of an armature for reducing the effective cross-sectional area of a magnetic path extending through the armature and a yoke when the armature and a stationary core have a distance therebetween which is smaller than a predetermined fraction of the full stroke of movement of the armature. The solenoid is further provided between the armature and the stationary core with a means permitting them to be brought into axially overlapping relation to form a section of leakage flux therebetween. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided novel means for securing a solenoid of the armature in tube type to a valve body. The improved solenoid has a small size, a long life, and superior performance without causing any excessive attraction over a given small stroke and generating any large noise.

Abstract: An electromagnetically operated valve unit includes a casing of magnetic material having inlet and outlet ports, a support shaft of non-magnetic material fixed in position within the casing and provided at its one end with an axial bore coaxial with the outlet port and an axial hole formed in the peripheral wall of the bore to provide fluid communication between the inlet and outlet ports, a plunger of magnetic material in the form of a sleeve member axially slidable on the support shaft and cooperating with the axial hole to open and close the fluid communication, a coil spring for biasing the plunger in one direction to normally close the axial hole, a tubular yoke of magnetic material surrounding the support shaft and facing at its inner circumference to the outer circumference of the plunger with a predetermined annular clearance, and a solenoid coil wound around the tubular yoke.

Abstract: A magnetic shield having a great hardness is interposed between a core of a coil and a movable non-magnetic piece.

Abstract: An actuator comprising a coil, an armature moveable along a path toward and away from the coil, and a spring for resiliently urging the armature in one direction along the path. The coil is energizable to urge the armature in the other direction along the path against the biasing action of the spring. The spring rate of the spring progressively increases as the armature is moved by electromagnetic forces. This is accomplished by using an appropriately configured leaf spring and a a ramp for progressively supporting the leaf spring as it is deflected. The leaf spring is also preloaded.

Abstract: A wire printing device comprises a plurality of printing wires, each one associated with a corresponding driving electromagnet and a frame which is constituted by a plate folded in order to have a central portion, on which are mounted the electromagnets, and a pair of tongues which support guide elements for the printing wires. The gap between armature and core of each electromagnet can be regulated by a screwable element which determines the stroke of the armature and of the associated wire.

Abstract: A switch construction having a support carrying switch contacts and an electrical coil that has an armature operatively associated with the switch contacts to cause a switching operation therewith when the coil is energized to attract the armature from a first position thereof to a second position thereof relative to the coil. A mechanical spring arrangement is operatively associated with the armature to continuously resist the movement thereof from the first position thereof to the second position thereof with an increasing force that overcomes the increasing pull in force of the energized coil on the armature before the armature reaches its zero gap with the energized coil whereby the spring arrangement prevents the armature from reaching its zero gap and thereby causes the switch construction to be relatively noiseless in the operation thereof.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device includes a stator having first and second closed flux-carrying paths defined by first and second cores, each having a plurality of concentric cylindrical pole surfaces and each defining an air gap opening between the outermost of the pole surfaces and the second outermost of the pole surfaces, with each core having at least one further pole surface. Coils are provided for generating electromagnetic flux in the first and second closed flux-carrying paths with the direction of flux flow across the air gaps being substantially radial with respect to the cylindrical pole surfaces. An armature defines a first and a second plurality of concentric cylindrical armature surfaces. The armature is mounted to be movable in a direction substantially parallel to the pole surfaces with each of the first and second cylindrical armature surfaces overlapping a corresponding one of the concentric cylindrical pole surfaces by an area dependent upon the position of the armature.

Abstract: A solenoid comprising a housing having a passage extending through the housing, a coil in the housing, a pole piece in the passage of the housing, and an armature mounted in the passage for linear movement along a path toward and away from the pole piece. A nonmagnetic gap is provided between the coil and the pole piece and the armature and a spring urges the armature away from the pole piece. An elongated actuator member is mounted on the armature for movement with the armature. The spring force and the position of the actuator member along the path can be readily adjusted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a moving-armature electro-magnetic device such as a plunger core electromagnet wherein a ring of a non-magnetic material with an appropriate anti-friction coefficient is placed between the armature and the seat which cooperates with said armature. Said ring permits to reduce to a minimum both the frictional forces and the remanence forces between said armature and said seat.

Abstract: A solenoid for uses such as in a valve for fluid flow control. The solenoid has an armature movable within a core in response to current in a field coil. The armature is shaped as a cone with a hemispherical end so as to give a power output that is a substantially linear function of said current. In a valve, valve control means connects a valve member to the armature for moving the valve member to and from a valve seat to control fluid flow therethrough.

Abstract: A matrix print wire solenoid has a small diameter print wire which wire is propelled against printing paper and inking ribbon by the linear motion of the solenoid plunger, to which the print wire is attached, in an improved impact printer having a plurality of solenoids positioned in a row for use in dot matrix printing. The solenoid features a low cost construction, a reduction in size, and increased operating speed, and has pole pieces which are separated by an inner gap and which pieces are aligned with a coil bobbin which provides a guide surface for the armature plunger. The space between the plunger and a forward bushing or spacer is occupied by a coil spring which has one end seated over a portion of the armature and the other end seated against the face of the bushing. The coil bobbin defines an air gap between one pole piece and the armature.

Abstract: An improved plunger type solenoid comprises a solenoid coil, a plunger to be attracted into the solenoid coil, a piston directly or indirectly connected to the plunger and a cylinder filled with oil for containing the piston. The piston is subject to the pressure of the oil, such that the speed of movement of the plunger is widely controlled.

Abstract: A printout device for calculators and the like includes a plurality of print segments, each encased in elastomer and embedded in a rigid block with the lower, indicia forming ends flush with the lower surface of the block. The upper end of each print segment is provided with a diametrically extending slot. Disposed above each print segment and axially aligned therewith is an electromagnetic driver element which is provided with a diametrically extending bar or key projecting from the lower surface thereof. With the electromagnet unactuated, downward pressure applied to the upper surface of the block will drive the key into the aligned slot so that no force will be transmitted to the printing segment. Actuation of the electromagnet will cause the key to be attracted to the upper extremities of the printing segment as it approaches it, causing the key to misalign with the slot and impinge on the upper surface of the printing segment.

Abstract: A print wire solenoid device including a disc type plunger-restoring spring which consists of a continuous annular peripheral portion and spoke portions extending radially inwardly therefrom jointly to define a central opening for fitting engagement with the plunger. The plunger and the stationary core or stem members defining a solenoid gap, therebetween are both conically formed to minimize leakage of magnetic flux, thereby substantially increasing the effective flux density and hence the force of attraction. The disc spring, which is neither fixedly secured at any point to the plunger nor to the other adjacent components, is free from any stress concentration in operation and thus not only enables high speed printing operation with an increased length of stroke but facilitates fabrication of the device in combination with the conical formation of the plunger and stem members, which facilitates reduction in size and weight of the devices as well as in power consumption.

Abstract: A matrix print wire solenoid actuator for a high speed wire matrix printer is disclosed wherein a small diameter print wire is propelled against printing paper and ribbon by the linear motion of the solenoid plunger, to which the print wire is attached, in an improved impact printer having one or more in number and variously arranged print wires for use in dot matrix printing. High magnetic circuit efficiency, high repetition rate and minimized plunger coil heating and plunger mass are achieved by providing a continuous magnetic flux path through the solenoid interrupted only by two working air gaps of low reluctance for generating accelerating force on the plunger during coil energization. The opposing air gap surfaces formed by the plunger and solenoid pole pieces are conical for insuring that both air gaps generate accelerating force on the plunger.

Abstract: A solenoid comprising an excitation winding, a stationary armature, and a plunger disposed in cooperative arrangement such that a select partial energization of the winding operates to urge the plunger to displace laterally with respect to the winding and armature thereby stopping the plunger from further axial translation regardless of the plunger position and whereby full energization of the winding operates to urge the plunger to translate into the winding toward the armature.

Abstract: A solenoid in which the coil is positioned inside a housing of magnetic material. The housing has a tubular projection forming a recess in the inside of the end wall along the axis of the coil, one end of the plunger projecting beyond the coil into the recess when the plunger is in the energized position. The portion of the plunger that extends into the recess is tapered to obtain a constant force-displacement characteristic for the full travel of the plunger.