Abstract: In a method for displaying on a display device the surroundings of a vehicle, the surroundings are detected by at least one detection sensor as an image of the surroundings while the vehicle is traveling or at a standstill. A surroundings image from a given surrounding area is ascertained by the detection sensor in different vehicle positions, and/or at least one surroundings image from the given surrounding area is ascertained by each of at least two detection sensors situated at a distance from one another, and in each case a composite surroundings image is obtained from the surroundings images and displayed by the display device.

Abstract: Apparatus for the individual monitoring of parking positions of a parking facility comprises a sensor (9) for vehicle detection and optical indicator means (5) for indicating the occupied/free status of a parking position (4). Sensor (9) has a transmit aerial (10) to radio the occupied/free status of parking position (4) to the parking facility control center. The optical indicator means (5) comprises a bistable indicating element.

Abstract: The change in voltage or current of the antenna is measured by the time to reach a particular voltage level. Using either charging and/or discharging, the times to reach two or more different levels of the total charge are measured. By providing sensor electronics with each sensor or antenna, a more versatile system may be provided. The sensors and associated electronics communicate using a bus or other communication path to a processor. The processor determines an occupant state based on the received sensor information. Different numbers of sensors may be used with the same system.

Abstract: In an intersection information provision system, multiple cameras are installed oriented towards the direction where each road extends from the intersection. Each camera captures as an image or video the state ranging from the intersection to each road. Therefore, the area of the captured image by each camera is narrowed down. When this captured image is displayed in a display unit of a navigation apparatus in a vehicle, the driver of the vehicle can perform safety check easily. Furthermore, according to the traveling direction of the vehicle at the intersection, a display pattern of several captured images to be displayed is determined. According to the determined display pattern, multiple captured images are displayed in order. Therefore, image information required to pass through the intersection safely can be offered without shortage to the driver of the vehicle.

Abstract: At least one waveform characteristic of a vehicular sensor waveform is reported in a wireless vehicular sensor network. The vehicular sensor waveform results a vehicle's presence near a wireless vehicular sensor node. The waveform characteristic may be rising edge, falling edge, waveform duration and/or waveform midpoint of vehicular sensor waveform. Report transmission uses at least one wireless physical transport. Transmitting the report may initiate a response across the wireless physical transport, preferably from an access point, an acknowledgement of receiving the report. The transmitted report may be received by an access point in the wireless vehicular sensor network. The wireless vehicular sensor network may create any of a vehicular traffic report, a vehicular parking report, and/or a vehicular speeding report, based upon the received vehicular sensor waveform report.

Abstract: A method for determining whether a defined section of a transportation track is occupied is described. The method includes inducing an audio frequency (AF) signal at a first position on the transportation track and receiving the AF signal at a second position on the transportation track. The defined section of the transportation track is located between the first position and the second position on the transportation track. The method further includes measuring a strength of the AF signal received as a function of time at the second position, and identifying an inflection point of the recorded AF signal strength. The inflection point indicates at least one of a rail vehicle entering the defined section of the transportation track and the rail vehicle exiting the defined section of the transportation track. The method further includes determining an occupancy of the defined section of the transportation track, based on the inflection point.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for identifying running vehicles in an area to be monitored using acoustic signature recognition. The apparatus includes an input sensor for capturing an acoustic waveform produced by a vehicle source, and a processing system. The waveform is digitized and divided into frames. Each frame is filtered into a plurality of gammatone filtered signals. At least one spectral feature vector is computed for each frame. The vectors are integrated across a plurality of frames to create a spectro-temporal representation of the vehicle waveform. In a training mode, values from the spectro-temporal representation are used as inputs to a Nonlinear Hebbian learning function to extract acoustic signatures and synaptic weights. In an active mode, the synaptic weights and acoustic signatures are used as patterns in a supervised associative network to identify whether a vehicle is present in the area to be monitored. In response to a vehicle being present, the class of vehicle is identified.

Abstract: An occupancy sensor includes an acoustic transmitter and an acoustic receiver each operably coupled to a controller. The sensor further includes a communication interface operably coupled to the controller and capable of transmitting and receiving communication signals to and from a communication network through the communication interface. The sensor also includes memory for storing operation aspects, such as a network address associated with the sensor, information representative of data corresponding to the defined region monitored by the sensor, an office plan location for the sensor, and an operating schedule for the sensor. One or more operational aspects of the occupancy sensor may be adjusted through the use of a remote control or a local control at the sensor. The occupancy sensor processes acoustic and/or infrared signals to determine the presence or absence of an occupant within a defined region.

Abstract: A method and a system for guiding a vehicle are provided, which utilize information regarding the vehicle's position. The position of the vehicle is ascertained exactly to the correct lane, and for at least a part of the traffic lanes of specifiable traffic routes in the surroundings of the vehicle, the traffic situation is ascertained. An estimation of traffic lanes is undertaken in the light of specifiable criteria by the evaluation of the vehicle's position and the traffic situation, thereby enabling the driver to select the most favorable lane in terms of desired criteria, e.g., minimizing lane changes, minimizing travel time, etc.

Abstract: The invention related to a method and an electronic measuring device for detecting a process variable connectable to a two-wire line (101) for providing the supply energy and for digital communication with a process control, and a method for operating such a measuring device. An inventive measuring device includes a sensor means (114, 115, 123, 124; 314, 315, 323, 324) for measuring the process variable, a controlling device (117; 317) for controlling components of the measuring device, a voltage measuring device (116; 316) for measuring the supply voltage applied through the two-wire line (101), and a current control unit (122; 322) by means of which the current for supplying the measuring devices can be modified in a temporally appropriate manner as a function of the supply voltage measured by the voltage measuring device (116; 316).

Abstract: A directional back-up alarm deployed in a vehicle moving in an open space, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention includes, in part, a first ultrasonic generator adapted to generate a first ultrasound signal; a second ultrasonic generator adapted to generate a second ultrasound signal; an audible sound generator adapted to generate an audible signal; a modulator adapted to modulate the first ultrasonic signal with the audible signal to generate a modulated signal; and a summing circuit adapted to receive and sum the modulated signal with the second ultrasonic signal to generate a combined signal. The combined signal is transmitted with a transmit antenna. The transmit antenna may include a Piezoelectric or silicon device.

Abstract: This method of detecting the presence of a disruptive object on a stretch of road comprises: a step (66) of enumerating the vehicles simultaneously present on the stretch of road on the basis of data gleaned by a first and a second vehicle detector placed respectively at an entrance and at an exit of this stretch, and a step (74) of instructing the activation of an image processing step, triggered automatically as a function of the enumeration.

Abstract: A driver assistance device for warning a driver of a motor vehicle of a risk of departure from the lane or from the lane is described, having at least one image-transmitting sensor, an evaluation device, connected to the image-transmitting sensor, for detecting edge-of-lane and/or lane markings and/or edges of lanes in the area sensed by the image-transmitting sensor, and a warning device which is connected to the evaluation device, in which driver assistance device in addition at least one distance-transmitting sensor is connected to the evaluation device, with which sensor the distance from objects which are elevated with respect to the surface of the lane can be determined in the region of the edge of the lane, in particular of a structural boundary of the edge of the lane.

Abstract: A parking sensor apparatus and method to keep air brakes from interfering with the parking sensor apparatus allow the parking sensor apparatus to be used with vehicles that have air brakes. The ultrasonic components of air brake noise is detected, and the alarm is bypassed when air brake noise exists. This technique reduces false alarms on vehicles with air brakes and allows the parking sensor apparatus to be used on the vehicle.

Abstract: An onboard vehicle safety detection and warning system that provides real time detection and analysis of surrounding vehicles for the driver on a central view screen. Multiple vehicle detection devices are mounted on the vehicle to provide an electronic detection tracking and recording capabilities advising the driver of potential accidents with visual and audio instructions for avoidance.

Abstract: A method of reminding a user subscribed to a communication network, and a corresponding location reminder service architecture is provided. According to one embodiment, the method includes the steps of defining a reminder profile for a specific terminal and of acquiring location information for the specific terminal attached to the communication network. Furthermore, the method involves the steps of comparing the acquired location information with the defined reminder profile, and if the acquired location information matches the defined reminder profile, a step of issuing issues a trigger signaling to at least one user, and an outputting step outputs a reminder notification to at least one user at a respective user terminal.

Abstract: A parking guidance system for large vehicles has a horizontal bar, a data collection assembly and a console unit. The horizontal bar is hollow and is mounted on the rear bumper, and houses the data collection assembly. The data collection assembly uses multiple ultrasonic transmitter and detector modules and an option vide camera module. A console unit mounted in a driver compartment receives data from the data collection assembly and processes the data to proved warnings to a user.

Abstract: A distance measuring and display system for use on a vehicle having a mirror assembly thereon comprises at least one front distance measuring sensor for measuring the distance to an obstacle in front of the vehicle, at least one rear distance measuring sensor for measuring the distance to an obstacle to the rear of the vehicle, and a display coupled to the front distance measuring sensor and to the rear distance measuring sensor for displaying a distance and an indication of whether it is a front distance or a rear distance.

Abstract: A passive vehicle acoustic data analyzer system having at least one microphone disposed in the acoustic field of a moving vehicle and a computer in electronic communication the microphone(s). The computer detects and measures the frequency shift in the acoustic signature emitted by the vehicle as it approaches and passes the microphone(s). The acoustic signature of a truck driving by a microphone can provide enough information to estimate the truck speed in miles-per-hour (mph), engine speed in rotations-per-minute (RPM), turbocharger speed in RPM, and vehicle weight.

Abstract: A collision detection and warning system for an automobile having left and right audio speakers and left and right turn signals includes at least four sensors and a control module. The sensors may be mounted on exterior surfaces of the automobile, such as on sides of the front and back bumpers, and are connected to the control module and the automobile's electrical system. The sensors are mounted in mounting assemblies and can be angularly oriented. Each corresponding front and back pair of sensors may detect an obstacle in the driver's “blind spot” when oriented in an appropriate beam splitting arrangement. Upon obstacle detection and actuation of a respective turn signal, the control system sends an alarm tone to the automobile's audio speaker on the side of the car nearest the danger and/or activates a respective alarm light to indicate the direction of danger.

Abstract: A light activation system is provided for automatically illuminating a compartment in an automobile. The system comprises a light adapted to illuminate the compartment, a lighting circuit that activates and deactivates the light, and a distance sensor, electrically coupled to the lighting circuit, and adapted to cause the light to be activated when a person is within a predetermined distance from the compartment. A method is also provided for automatically illuminating a compartment in an automobile having a light that is adapted to illuminate the compartment, and a lighting circuit that activates and deactivates the light. The method comprises the step of activating the light when a person is within a predetermined distance from the compartment using a distance sensor that is electrically coupled to the lighting circuit.

Abstract: A method of sonically detecting a sonic act such as a graffiti-making act or firearm shot includes providing a sonic act detection system to sonically detect a sonic act and a camera to take an image of a perpetrator of the sonic act; locating the sonic act detection system and the camera near a location where the sonic act is prone to occur; sonically detecting with said sonic act detection system a sonic act; obtaining one or more images of the perpetrator of the sonic act with the camera; communicating to one or more entities that sonic act has been detected.

Abstract: A device for detecting a running surface for a vehicle, comprising a plurality of sensors (c1 to c8) designed to be oriented towards the running surface to detect modifications thereof, data processing means for processing data derived from the sensors, wherein the sensors are relatively arranged so as to associate at least part of the points of aim on the ground (v1 to v8) in pairs (p1 to p4), the two points of aim on ground the ground being spaced apart by a first specific distance, and the transverse distances separating two adjacent pairs (p1 to p4) of points of aim on the ground increase towards a longitudinal axis along a direction substantially perpendicular to said axis.

Abstract: A light and sensor assembly (22) for use with a land craft, watercraft or aircraft. The assembly includes a shell (28) for mounting to, or that is a part of the body (24) of, the vehicle. Internal to the enclosed space defined by the shell is a socket and bulb assembly (30, 32) for providing light and heat. Also disposed in the shell is a transducer (36) that emits or receives energy as part of a proximity sensing assembly. The transducer is encased in a transducer housing (38). The transducer housing is positioned relatively close to the bulb so that the heat emitted by the bulb warms the transducer housing. This heat fosters the evaporation of water off the exposed face of the transducer housing so as to minimize the extent to which this water can inhibit the utility of the transducer.

Abstract: A method and system for determining the vacancy of a parking space is described that allows a customer to remotely receive information about parking space availability before arriving at a parking lot or structure. This system allows the customer to determine whether there are parking spaces available to park a vehicle and where such parking space(s) are located before the customer arrives at the parking lot or structure.

Abstract: An improved system for detecting the presence of an object in the path of a liftgate relies upon the sensor/transmitters that are used for collision avoidance systems to detect the presence of an object rearwardly of a vehicle moving in a reverse direction. Known sensors are provided to look for the presence of an object when the vehicle is being moved in a reverse direction. The sensors are now also actuated when the liftgate is being moved to its closed position. Should an object be detected, further movement of the liftgate is stopped. The present invention thus detects the presence of an object in the path of a liftgate prior to any contact. Further, the invention combines two prior control modules into a single control module.

Abstract: A method for controlling a plurality of traffic intersections comprising (a) storing traffic flow data and related time data at each traffic intersection in a data storage unit; (b) periodically downloading the traffic flow data and the time data to a computer; (c) using the computer to generate a new set of operating parameters based upon the traffic flow data and the time data; and (d) controlling the plurality of traffic intersections with the new set of operating parameters.

Abstract: A vehicle safety sensor allows a vehicle operator such as a truck driver to detect the presence of adjacent objects in order to avoid collision with same. In one embodiment, three detection ranges providing feedback with various lights and sounds can be used with separate sensors, with some sensors automatically made “live” upon reversing or turning of the vehicle, and some sensors being manually activated, such as when a overpass is encountered.

Abstract: An acoustic pulse transfer device according to the invention has one or more carrier segments that can be connected together to transport acoustic pulses through them. Acoustic pulses generated by events in a first segment are transported through a second segment, which may or may not have its own acoustic pulse generator generating acoustic pulses in response to different events. Acoustic pulses generated in the first and second segments are then independently transported through a third segment. Any number of such segments can be connected together. Typically, acoustic pulses are generated by compressing a pneumatic tube in a carrier segment. The pneumatic tube is connected to a substantially non-compressible acoustic pulse carrier tube connected to the segment's pneumatic tube through a trough in a wall separating the pneumatic tube from the acoustic pulse carrier tube.

Abstract: A utility worker seeking to exit a manhole (13) in a roadway (14) receives a warning of an approaching vehicle (12) via a warning device (18) within the manhole and signaled from at least one vehicle-detecting device (15) on the roadway for detecting approaching vehicles. The vehicle-detecting device (15) includes a motion detector (19) for detecting the approaching vehicle by its motion and, preferably, a noise detector (20) and band pass filter (22) for detecting the approaching vehicle by its motion. The motion detector (19) provides a “far end” or early warning of an approaching vehicle, whereas, the combination of the noise detector (20) and filter (22) provide a “near-end” or late warning. The combination of near-end and far-end warnings increases the margin of safety afforded the worker seeking to exit the manhole onto the roadway, in contrast to a far end or near end warning by itself.

Abstract: There are provided a vehicle detection apparatus and a vehicle detection method which are capable of detecting a sound source even when a plurality of vehicles are traveling simultaneously or when there are noises produced from something other than the desired vehicle and calculating the location in the vehicle traveling direction and the lane direction of the sound source and the number of passing vehicles.

Abstract: An autonomous vehicle, such as a robotic cleaning device, includes wheels which support the vehicle and allow the vehicle to traverse a surface. Downward looking wheel sensors sense the presence of a surface in front of the wheels. Another sensor is provided at or near a leading edge of the vehicle for sensing the presence beneath the leading edge of the vehicle. The vehicle is arranged so that movement of the vehicle is possible if the leading edge sensor senses that there is no surface beneath the leading edge of the vehicle, provided that the wheel sensors indicate that there is a surface adjacent to the wheel. When the leading edge sensor senses that there is no surface beneath the leading edge of the vehicle, the vehicle performs an edge following routine.

Abstract: Extraneous matter such as snow or mud sticking to an ultrasonic sensor is detected. An obstacle (10) reflects transmitted waves from an ultrasonic sensor (3), and the indirect waves (k) are received by an ultrasonic sensor (2), whereby the obstacle (10) is detected. The ultrasonic sensor (3) generates direct waves (t) directly received by the ultrasonic sensors (2) and (4), and therefore the ultrasonic sensors (2) and (4) are arranged to monitor also the direct waves (t). The direct waves (t) are attenuated when extraneous matter (8) such as snow or mud sticks to the ultrasonic sensor (4), and the presence of the extraneous matter is detected according to this attenuation.

Abstract: In the vehicle surrounding viewing system 1A, the light shielding member 27, that is coated on the areas other than the effective area of the surface of the prism 4 provided in the case 3, can transmit only the ray of light 18L, that enters into the transmit window 2L of the case 3, then passes through the prism side surface 8L, and then internally reflects at the prism side surface 8R, and subsequently is focused by the focusing lens 9 to be guided to the left half plane 10L of the image pick-up plane of the image pick-up element 10, and also the ray of light 18R, that enters into the transmit window 2R of the case 3, then passes through the prism side surface 8R, and then internally reflects at the prism side surface 8L, and subsequently is focused by the focusing lens 9 to be guided to the right half plane 10R of the image pick-up plane of the image pick-up element 10.

Abstract: A vehicle traffic detecting device is provided with an automatic cleaning device. The detecting device has an emitter and a receiver facing each other and respectively emitting and receiving a beam of electromagnetic radiation along opposite ends of a beam path. The cleaning device has first and second cleaning units for respectively cleaning the emitter and the receiver. Each cleaning unit includes a fastener fastening the cleaning unit to a casing of the detecting device, a dispenser dispensing a transparent film, a contoured guide defining a film path along which the dispensed film resides, and an actuator for moving the dispensed film along the defined film path. A portion of the defined film path is located in front of the emitter/receiver of the detecting device and thereby positions a portion of the dispensed film in front of the emitter/receiver of the detecting device.

Abstract: A vehicle information acquisition and display assembly 10. The system 10 selectively senses objects 27 residing within a dynamically configurable region of interest 29 and compares values which are created by use of these sensed objects 27 with at least one criteria value. Based upon this comparison, icons are selectively displayed to a driver 15 of a vehicle 11 which represent the sensed objects 27.

Abstract: A permanent in-pavement roadway traffic sensor for sensing roadway traffic comprising an extruded conductive elastomeric housing having an elongated cavity in the lower side thereof, said elongated cavity having an upper wall and a pair of spaced lower walls, a flat multiconductor ribbon Teflon™ cable having at least some of the conductors thereof spacedly mounted in the cavity from the upper wall. The flat multiconductor ribbon cable has a flat up side which is more effective for generating signals using residual charge-effect principles and the up side is positioned in the cavity facing the upper wall. The flat multiconductor ribbon cable has at least one lateral insulated conductor at the lateral sides thereof and the lateral insulated conductors abut the spaced lower walls, respectively. The elastomeric extrusion has sides which taper upwardly.

Abstract: Vehicle detector arrangement comprising at least one detector unit (8) comprising at least one sensor (47, 48, 49, 50), a transmission/reception unit (54), an energy supply unit and a control unit (51, 52, 53), whereby the energy supply unit comprises a solar cell module (3). The transmission/reception unit (54), the energy supply unit and the control unit (51, 52, 53) are accommodated in a housing (27, 28) and connected to the at least one detector unit (8), whereby the solar cell module (3) is secured to the outside of the housing (27, 28). As a result of what is thus autonomous functioning of the vehicle detector arrangement, it can be simply secured, for example, to a bridge (6), and complicated installation jobs for power supply and data transmission, for example to a traffic routing center, are avoided.

Abstract: When detecting an object in a given area, especially vehicles for the purposes of traffic control, there appear to be inaccuracies in the system based on measuring pulse propagation times. In order to avoid such inaccuracies, a sample of observed (measured) real values is compared with a gauging table having a sample of values stored therein, so that pulse propagation time measurements are no longer necessary.

Abstract: A toll collection system obtains the data showing that the vehicle enters into the entrance of a toll road and data obtained from the on board unit mounted on the vehicle as the entrance passing data and the data showing that the vehicle exits from the exit of the toll road and the data peculiar to the on board unit mounted on the vehicle obtained by wireless communication with the on board unit as the exit passing data. Furthermore, the system specifies the utilization by the vehicle basing upon the obtained exit passing data and the entrance passing data and also, obtains the data read out from the number plate provided on the vehicle and specifies the vehicle basing upon the data read out from the number plate, when the utilization by the vehicle cannot be specified.

Abstract: The aerial work platform including a pothole and/or obstacle avoidance system according to the present invention includes a non-contact distance measuring device mounted to an end of the aerial work platform chassis. The non-contact distance measuring device measures a distance to the ground along a predetermined angle, and generates a first signal based on the measured distance. In response to the output of the non-contact distance measuring device, a motor controller and/or brake controller of the aerial work platform control operation of a motor and/or brakes, respectively, to assist an operator of the aerial work platform in avoiding potholes and/or obstacles.

Abstract: Collision avoidance apparatus (28, 30) is mounted on a host vehicle (20) to detect the presence of an adjacent vehicle (22) within a monitored zone (24, 26). A sensor module (30) includes a plurality of discrete sensor systems for monitoring unique portions of the monitored zone (24, 26), each of which comprises an emitter (52) emitting a fixed frequency modulated beam (58) of light energy (54) with a predetermined burst length into its unique portion of the monitored zone (24, 26), and a receiver (68) having a field of view (62), substantially aligned with emitted beam (58) to produce a fixed optical overlap area (A), and for sensing light energy (66) and generating a received signal. A frequency generator (48) produces two or more predetermined different fixed frequencies for use by the emitter (52) to emit beams (58) at each frequency. A phase shifter (70) produces a phase shifted reference signal with a different predetermined phase delay relationship to each fixed frequency.

Abstract: A rearview mirror for motor vehicles includes a mirror housing, a mirror pane mounted in the housing, a support structure for attaching the mirror housing to the vehicle, and a pivoting connection disposed between the mirror housing and the support structure. The pivoting connection includes at least one safety catch which retains the mirror housing in an operating position relative to the support structure. The safety catch is releasable upon the approach of the mirror housing to an obstruction to thereby allow the mirror housing to pivot relative to the support structure.

Abstract: An emergency vehicle detection system for alerting a driver of an approaching emergency vehicle includes a sound signal-producing unit mounted on an emergency vehicle, a sound signal detection unit mounted on a non-emergency vehicle, and a display unit remotely located on the non-emergency vehicle. The sound signal-producing unit has a sound generator for producing and transmitting a sound signal. A switch is used for controlling the operation of the sound generator in combination with a siren. The sound signal detection unit has at least one sound transducer for detecting sound signals and producing an electric current upon detection of a signal. A signal comparator is connected to the sound transducers for comparing the currents from the transducers to preprogrammed patterns. If there is matching pattern, a signal output encoder connected to the signal comparator constructs an encoded signal and transmits the encoded signal to a remotely located display unit through a transmitter.

Abstract: There are provided a vehicle detection apparatus and a vehicle detection method which are capable of detecting a sound source even when a plurality of vehicles are traveling simultaneously or when there are noises produced from something other than the desired vehicle and calculating the location in the vehicle traveling direction and the lane direction of the sound source and the number of passing vehicles.

Abstract: A vehicular roadway sensor comprising a conductive elastomeric housing having a sensor wire groove and one or more signal wire in the sensor wire groove, the sensor wire groove comprised of an airgap portion and a sensing wire portion for receiving and maintaining one or more insulated sensing wires in a fixed relation to establish a residual charge relationship with the conductive elastomeric housing so that when the fixed relationship is changed by the wheels of a vehicle on the housing a signal voltage is induced in the sensor, and one or more insulated signal carrying conductors connected to the one or more sensor wires, respectively. The one or more insulated signal carrying conductors are adhesively mounted in the conductive elastomeric housing so that vehicular traffic traversing the conductive elastomeric housing does not induce significant signals in the one or more insulated signal carrying conductors.

Abstract: An obstacle detection system for a vehicle which is capable of detecting nearby and remote objects successfully by use of a combination of an electromagnetic wave sensors and ultrasonic wave sensors. The system of the present invention includes a plurality of ultrasonic wave sensors each transmitting an ultrasonic wave around the vehicle and receives a reflected wave thereof for detection of nearby obstacles around the vehicle, and an electromagnetic waver sensor which transmits an electromagnetic wave in a forward direction of the vehicle and receives a reflected electromagnetic wave thereof for detection of a remote obstacle. The system includes a vehicle speed sensor is provided for sensing a speed of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle detector unit and detection method for use with an electronic parking meter for providing the electronic parking meter with the ability to reliably detect the presence or absence of a vehicle in any existing corresponding parking space, independent of the surrounding environment, while using a minimum of power.

Abstract: A vehicle safety sensor allows a vehicle operator such as a truck driver to detect the presence of adjacent objects in order to avoid collision with same. In one embodiment, three detection ranges providing feedback with various lights and sounds can be used with separate sensors, with some sensors automatically made “live” upon reversing or turning of the vehicle, and some sensors being manually activated, such as when a overpass is encountered.

Abstract: Traffic monitoring and warning systems and vehicle ramp advisory systems are provided herein. Such system includes a set of sensor arrays comprising a set of above-road electro-acoustic sensor arrays which is disposed above a traffic lane approaching a hazard for producing signals which are indicative of whether the vehicle is an automobile or a truck and, if it is a truck, to record the presence of such truck, and to provide signals which are indicative of the speed of such truck. A processor is provided which has a memory for storing site-specific data related both to the geometry of the hazard and to signals which have been received from the set of above-road electro-acoustic sensor arrays. A traffic signalling device is associated with the traffic lane and is disposed downstream of the set of above-road electro-acoustic sensor arrays, the traffic signalling device being controlled by the processor.