Abstract: The present application discloses various implementations of an antenna configured for use in a wireless transmitter, receiver, or transceiver. In one exemplary implementation, a wireless transmitter includes the antenna configured to be connected to the wireless transmitter. The antenna includes first and second substantially concentric pluralities of antenna elements, the second plurality of antenna elements being rotated with respect to the first plurality of antenna elements. The antenna is configured to enable the wireless transmitter to transmit a communication signal.

Abstract: A troposcatter terminal can include a location receiver, a network interface, an antenna control unit, and a motor controller. The location receiver can be configured to receive first current location information associated with a local troposcatter antenna. The network interface can be configured to receive second current location information associated with a distant troposcatter antenna. The antenna control unit can be configured to determine a heading from the local troposcatter antenna to the distant troposcatter antenna, an azimuth angle for the local troposcatter antenna, and an elevation angle for the local troposcatter antenna, the heading, the azimuth angle, and the elevation angle based on the first location information and the second location information.

Abstract: A method of adjusting at least one cellular communications antenna mounted on an antenna structure, wherein the antenna, and/or direction of the radiation pattern of the antenna, is movable relative to the antenna structure, the method comprising the steps: determining or retrieving current position values of the antenna, and/or direction of the radiation pattern of the antenna, in first, second and third dimensions; receiving a desired position value for the antenna, and/or direction of the radiation pattern of the antenna, in the first dimension relating to a desired position of the antenna; determining a new position value for the antenna, and/or direction of the radiation pattern, of the antenna in the second dimension based on required movement of the antenna, and/or direction of the radiation pattern of the antenna, relative to the antenna structure to reach the desired position value in the first dimension; determining a new position value for the antenna, and/or direction of the radiation pattern of t

Abstract: An apparatus for wireless communications is disclosed. The apparatus includes a processing system configured to configure a subset of a plurality of RF receiver chains coupled to respective antennas to receive in an omnidirectional manner, the subset comprising at least one RF receiver chain of the plurality of RF receiver chains; determine a first energy level of at least one signal received via the subset while the subset of RF receiver chains is configured to receive in the omnidirectional manner; configure the plurality of RF receiver chains to directionally receive from a target device based on the first energy level; determine a second energy level of the at least one signal received via the RF receiver chains while the RF receiver chains are configured to directionally receive from the target device; and generate data from the at least one signal based on the second energy level.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices configurable with the location and motion of satellites can be configured to drive actuators connected to the motion of a steerable device. A steerable device may be augmented, for example, with gears or drivers to drive orientation, sensors to report current position and a mechanism to lock the device in place for the duration of the steering process such that power gears from the device mesh and can drive gears in the steerable device. Signals from the device intelligently guide the actuators to steer the orientation of the steerable device towards a satellite selected by a person or algorithm. Upon completion of the steering of steerable device by the device, the device can be detached, leaving the steerable device locked in place and fully functional as a steerable device, while also leaving the device capable if engaging with another similarly steerable device.

Abstract: A base station (anchor node) determines that a channel quality for a UE is less than a threshold quality, and commands one or more base stations to adjust a periodicity of performing a beam sweep with the UE based on whether said channel quality is determined to be less than the threshold quality. A base station (mmW base station) adjusts a periodicity for performing a beam sweep with a UE based on a channel quality associated with the UE, and performs the beam sweep at the adjusted periodicity. The beam sweep is a plurality of transmissions of a beam in a plurality of different transmit spatial directions by one of the base station or the UE and a plurality of scans of the beam in a plurality of different scan spatial directions by an other of the one of the base station or the UE.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna apparatus, a system, and an adjusting method. The antenna apparatus is configured to be used in conjunction with an RCU (remote control unit, external remote control unit). The antenna apparatus includes a readable and writable memory and a motor. The readable and writable memory is configured to store configuration data of an antenna and antenna information corresponding to the configuration data, where the configuration data is used to control the RCU to drive the motor to move, so as to adjust an electrical down-tilt angle of the antenna.

Abstract: An adjusting method of an antenna of the outdoor wireless access point includes steps of A. moving the antenna in a predetermined pointing range, and obtaining received signal strength indications in multiple pointing directions at different time points; B. separating the pointing range into at least two sub-ranges, and averaging the received signal strength indications in all pointing directions in each sub-range; and C. moving the antenna pointing at the sub-range in which the average received signal strength indication is the highest and setting the sub-range as the next predetermined pointing range, and repeating the steps A to C until the step C is executed a predetermined times. Besides, the composition elements of the outer wireless access point are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, system, and computer program product for auto-installing an integrated receiver/decoder (IRD) includes issuing an auto-installation command from the IRD to an outdoor unit (ODU) and receiving a plurality of tones from the ODU in response to the auto-installation command, each tone representing a center frequency of available user bands (UBs). The auto-installation also includes acquiring a UB center frequency by the IRD, requesting the ODU to confirm a UB number corresponding to the acquired UB center frequency, and receiving confirmation from the ODU that a UB number corresponds to the acquired UB center frequency. The auto-installation also includes sending an acceptance of the assigned UB number from the IRD to signal the ODU that it may mark the assigned UB as assigned.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the communication field and provide an array antenna. The array antenna includes: an antenna body, which is a multi-beam antenna, a single-beam antenna without grating lobes, or a single-beam antenna with grating lobes and transmits or receives a beam set by centering on the antenna body, where the beam set includes at least one beam; a planar reflection board, configured to reflect the beam set transmitted or received by the antenna body; and an adjusting unit, connected to the antenna body and/or the planar reflection board, and configured to adjust a relative position between the planar reflection board and the beam set of the antenna body so that the beam set of the antenna body can be transmitted or received in any direction after being reflected by the planar reflection board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic positioning antenna system for receiving multiple satellite signals and a method for tracking satellites to track positions of satellites through a satellite tracking LNB installed separately from a broadcast LNB, recognize the current position through information on tracked satellites and control an antenna to be oriented to the position of a target satellite to quickly receive satellite broadcast signals. The system includes an antenna unit having an antenna to which a broadcast LNB and a satellite tracking LNB receiving satellite signals for satellite tracking are connected, a switching unit for selecting the broadcast LNB or the satellite tracking LNB, a control unit for analyzing signals received through the satellite tracking LNB and controlling the antenna unit to be oriented to a target satellite using tracked satellite information; and a drive unit for moving the antenna unit under the control of the control unit.

Abstract: A method for correcting the thermoelastic effects on performance parameters of a telescope on board a space satellite, comprises a first step prior to the flight of the satellite consisting in determining, a priori, a correction of the thermoelastic effects by using a prior model of variations of the thermoelastic effects on the orbital scale and an algorithm for determining correction fed by programming data of the space satellite, and a second step carried out in flight, based on the correction determined a priori, consisting in establishing control messages of correction means for correcting the performance parameters of said telescope.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for enabling orientation of directional antennas even when one or more of the directional antennas are moving. Position information for each directional antenna is transmitted using an omnidirectional antenna transmitting at a low bandwidth and a low power. The position information of the directional antennas is used to orient the directional antennas so that a high bandwidth, low power wireless connection can be enabled and/or maintained between the directional antennas. The position information is periodically transmitted and the orientation of the directional antennas is updated as one or more of the directional antennas move so that the wireless connection between the directional antennas is maintained.

Abstract: A method and a satellite gateway for minimizing an impact of a noise floor variation in a spot beam satellite system. A demodulator processes digitized signals from multiple channels. Digitized signals are automatically gain controlled by respective automatic gain control components associated with respective channels. Automatic gain controlled digitized signals are downconverted and provided to a burst processor. The burst processor processes each downconverted signal and provides, with respect to each downconverted signal, an automatic gain control estimate, a code rate, and an inroute number to a processor component. The processor component determines an average automatic gain control value for each inroute, provides automatic gain control references to the respective automatic gain control components, and periodically sends noise map information to satellite terminals served by the satellite gateway. In some embodiments, the automatic gain control values are biased according to corresponding code rates.

Abstract: A wireless transceiver includes at least one antenna, a substrate, and a mechanical part on which the at least one antenna is disposed, wherein a relative position between the at least one antenna and the substrate is changed when an external force is applied to the mechanical part.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission/communication of high bandwidth signals. High bandwidth signals may be efficiently transmitted by a radio device having a pair of reflectors separated by an isolation choke boundary. The two reflectors may be connected or formed of a single housing, and may be mounted to a wall, pole, etc. using a quick-connect. The devices may be configured to operate in any appropriate band (e.g., a 5GHz band, a 24 GHz band, etc.) and may be configured for accurate and easy alignment with one or more remote radio devices. Alignment may be assisted by displaying both local and remote transmission information during alignment.

Abstract: The invention discloses a system comprising a first device and a plurality of second device. The system comprises a first device and a plurality of second devices. The first device comprises a receiver, a spectrum analyzer, a controller and a transmitter. The receiver receives, from at least one antenna, a plurality of signals with different signal strengths from different sources. The spectrum analyzer is communicatively coupled to the receiver and obtains strengths of the plurality of received signals. The controller is communicatively coupled to the spectrum analyzer and adjusts a radiation feature of one of at least one antenna to minimize a difference of the strengths between a plurality of received signals after adjustment. The transmitter transmits the received signals after adjustment to a plurality of second devices distributed within a site. The plurality of second devices transmit the plurality of received signals after adjustment within the site.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for operating a communication system in a network, the system comprising a primary station and at least one secondary station, the primary station comprising a plurality of transmit antennas and the secondary station comprising a plurality of receive antennas, the method comprising the steps of the primary station selecting a first communication scheme among a plurality of communication schemes, the primary station computing a transmission vector on the basis of the first communication scheme, the secondary station computing a reception vector on the basis of a second communication scheme, the second communication scheme being selected among the plurality of communication schemes by the secondary station on the assumption that a predetermined communication scheme is being used by the primary station.

Abstract: An example implementation may include a first computing device receiving, via a user interface, an input indicating a request for satellite receiver data, where the input further indicates a request for an instruction for aligning a satellite antenna. The first computing device may then transmit, to a second computing device, the request for the satellite receiver data, where the second computing device is communicatively connected to the satellite antenna. The first computing device may receive the satellite receiver data from the second computing device, and then cause an indication of the satellite receiver data to be displayed on a graphical display of the first computing device. The indication of the satellite receiver data may include an indication of the instruction for aligning the satellite antenna.

Abstract: Various arrangements for monitoring the signal strength of a programming stream are presented. A tuner in a receiver may be allocated to monitor disruptions and changes to the signal strength of programming streams. Based on the characteristics of the signal strength and changes to additional data such as weather information, a cause of the disruption may be determined. The cause of the disruption may be communicated to a user. Characteristics of the disruption may be unique or localized to specific geographic locations. Based at least in part on the geographic location of a receiver characteristics of disruptions may be used to identify television receivers associated with account packing.

Abstract: In disclosed examples, a satellite receiver dish (SRD) is peak aligned with a satellite in a geostationary orbit through use of guidance provided by a smartphone or tablet device fixedly attached to the SRD. A camera within the smartphone attached to the SRD can capture an image of a celestial object such as the sun. Celestial object data can be used to determine a predicted location of the sun at the time the image is captured. The predicted location of the sun can be used to determine an expected capture location of the sun within the captured image if the SRD was peak aligned with the satellite. A difference between the actual capture location of the sun and expected capture location of the sun within the capture image can be translated into at least one alignment adjustment for adjusting an azimuth position or an elevation position of the SRD.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide an RCU (remote control unit), an antenna apparatus, an antenna electrical tilting method and an antenna system. The RCU includes a reading device and a driver. The reading device is configured to read, from a memory inside the antenna apparatus, when the antenna apparatus is communicatively connected with the RCU, antenna information of an antenna controlled by the antenna apparatus and configuration data corresponding to the antenna. The antenna information includes the antenna serial number and the antenna model of the antenna. The driver is configured to control the antenna apparatus to adjust an electrical down-tilt angle of the antenna in accordance with the configuration data.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a receiver for Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) verification of a target aircraft including a first input for receiving flight tracking information from a target aircraft that indicates positional information of the target aircraft. The receiver further includes a second input for receiving positional and heading information indicating the location and orientation of a multi-element array antenna configured to be attached to the receiver, and a processing module that generates a measured bearing derived from angle of arrival data, and an expected bearing of the target aircraft derived from the indicated positional information of the target aircraft and the positional and heading information defining the receiver location and orientation. A comparator compares the expected bearing to the measured bearing and verifies the ADS-B flight tracking information of the target aircraft and outputs an indication of authenticity based on the verification.

Abstract: A set of global navigation satellite system receivers is deployed in and moves about a region that may be occupied by a signal jammer or spoofer. The receivers collect truth data from spectral content of the broadcast satellite signal and, optionally, from a set of sensors associated with each receiver from which an independent determination of location can be derived. The truth data are compared with data acquired by the receivers and an alert is issued upon detection of an anomaly. The data from receivers in a region of influence of the jammer or spoofer are aggregated, integrated, and correlated to generate a two-dimensional representation of a region in which the offending signals are present.

Abstract: IP2 calibration efficiency can be improved by passing the calibration signal through the transceiver's duplexer instead of inserting the calibration signal directly onto transceivers receive circuit. Passing the calibration signal through the duplexer may reduce IP2 calibration periods for transceivers having less-permeable duplexers, or duplexers that provide better than average separation between the RX and TX circuits. IP2 calibration inefficiencies can also be reduced by using a binary-like search when computing the in-phase and quadrature-phase path correction coefficients of the IP2 correction code.

Abstract: A radio parameter control apparatus decides a radio parameter from which a throughput of UE is improved. A radio parameter control apparatus includes: a radio quality prediction unit (12) that predicts radio quality of a radio terminal due to change of a radio parameter of a radio cell; a resource-allocated number-of-communications prediction unit (13) that predicts the number of communications considered as allocation targets of radio resources in a radio cell due to the change of the radio parameter; a communication quality prediction unit (14) that predicts communication quality due to the change of the radio parameter based on a prediction result of the radio quality and a prediction result of the number of communications; and a radio parameter decision unit (15) that decides a radio parameter by which improvement of communication quality is predicted based on the predicted communication quality.

Abstract: This wireless device has: a variable directivity antenna having variable directivity characteristics; a generating unit, which generates control information to be used in connection setting processing from radio waves transmitted from other wireless device before completion of the connection setting processing, and received by the variable directivity antenna, and which generates data for data processing from the radio waves transmitted from other wireless device after the completion of the connection setting processing and received by the variable directivity antenna; a connection setting unit, which performs the connection setting processing with respect to other wireless device identified by means of the control information; and an antenna control unit, which controls the directivity direction of the variable directivity antenna to a predetermined direction during a period from a time when the connection setting unit started the connection setting processing to a time when the connection setting unit compl

Abstract: This invention provides a method of a controlling wireless network device for network connectivity. The method includes the following steps, receiving a control signal from a mobile communication device; receiving multiple connection signals emitted by multiple base stations; measuring the signal strength of the connection signals emitted by the base stations to determine the communication signal having the strongest received signal strength indication; connecting to the base station emitted the communications signal with the strongest signal strength indication; connecting the mobile communication device to connect to the controlling wireless network device and establishing network connectivity between the mobile communication device to the base station emitted the communications signal with the strongest signal strength indication.

Abstract: A hybrid band intelligent backhaul radio (HB-IBR) is disclosed that is a combination of two radios operating in different bands. Embodiments include a dual radio configuration wherein a first radio operates in a non-line of sight (NLOS) radio link configuration and a second ancillary radio operates in a near line of sight or line of sight configuration (n)LOS. For example, the HB-IBR may have an Intelligent Backhaul Radio (IBR) operating in the non-line of sight mode of operation within the 5.8 GHz unlicensed band, and have an ancillary radio link operating in the FCC part 101 E band of operation at 60 GHz. A common medium access control (MAC) block may be utilized between the dual radios.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus includes multiple antennas, a receiver for performing diversity reception using the antennas, a transmitter, a selector circuit connected to the antennas, a divider, and a phase shifter. The divider is located in a transmission line which connects the selector circuit to the transmitter and distributes a signal outputted from the transmitter among the antennas during transmission. The phase shifter is located in at least one of multiple transmission lines, each of which connects the divider to a corresponding one of the antennas.

Abstract: A hybrid satellite antenna comprises an ESA with two steerable dimensions connected to a motor. The motor rotates the antenna about an axis to position the antenna such that a satellite signal can be sufficiently resolved using the two steerable dimensions of the ESA.

Abstract: A portable motorized satellite television antenna system is connectable to a separate receiver. The satellite television antenna system can include an enclosure with at least a portion thereof comprising an electromagnetic wave permeable material. A reflector dish can be disposed inside of the enclosure. A low noise block converter can be disposed inside of the enclosure and configured to receive incoming satellite television signals. A first drive motor can be coupled to the satellite television antenna system such that at least one of an azimuth orientation and an elevation orientation of the dish can be adjusted. An electronic control system disposed inside of the enclosure and connected to the first drive motor to control automated aiming of the dish. The electronic control system and first drive motor can be powered solely by the separate receiver though a single conduit that spans between the satellite antenna system and the receiver.

Abstract: A scan alignment system and method for calibrating a scan path for a directional antenna system is presented. The scan alignment system calibrates the scan path by generating a scan path, scanning the directional antenna through the scan path, receiving a signal signature responsive to the scanning, comparing the signal signature with a reference signature, and determining a corrective calibration to apply to the scan path that minimizes the difference between the signal signature and the reference signature. In an embodiment, the reference signature is modeled based on the directional antenna and the intended scan path.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for transmitting data in a frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) wireless communication system. A multi-channel receiver is configured to receive data from one or more channels simultaneously. The multi-channel receiver enables efficient implementation of a transmission protocol in which multiple candidate nodes within a wireless mesh network are polled for availability to receive a packet of data. The packet of data is transmitted to one or more available nodes based on prevailing link conditions, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful delivery. Data flooding may be selectively implemented to further increase the likelihood of successful delivery.

Abstract: A service-ability system determines a probability of a proper installation of satellite broadcast reception equipment at a given location. A method for determining service-ability comprises accessing data related to a given location via a computer, assigning a weight and a value to each accessed data point with the computer, compiling the values of each accessed data point, and comparing the compiled values to a predetermined probability threshold.

Abstract: A system for broadcasting and receiving a beacon signal includes a beacon transmitter (310, 400) and a beacon receiver (320, 500). The beacon transmitter includes a beacon signal generator (410) to generate a beacon signal, and a directional antenna system (420) to selectively transmit the beacon signal in a corresponding one of M different directions during each one of M beacon slots (342) during a beacon period (340) in each of a plurality of superframes (330). The beacon receiver includes a beacon signal detector (510) to receive and detect the beacon signal, and a directional antenna system (520) having an antenna pattern including a main lobe and being adapted to selectively steer the main lobe in a selected one of N different directions during each of a plurality of receiver frames each having a time period substantially equal to a time period of one of the superframes.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, system, and computer program product for auto-installing an integrated receiver/decoder (IRD) includes issuing an auto-installation command from the IRD to an outdoor unit (ODU) and receiving a plurality of tones from the ODU in response to the auto-installation command, each tone representing a center frequency of available user bands (UBs). The auto-installation also includes acquiring a UB center frequency by the IRD, requesting the ODU to confirm a UB number corresponding to the acquired UB center frequency, and receiving confirmation from the ODU that a UB number corresponds to the acquired UB center frequency. The auto-installation also includes sending an acceptance of the assigned UB number from the IRD to signal the ODU that it may mark the assigned UB as assigned.

Abstract: A system incorporating the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method including determining, by a communication device comprising a processor, a usage state of the communication device. The communication device includes selectable antennas, and the usage state includes an orientation of the communication device. The method also includes selecting a set of antennas according to the usage state, and obtaining an antenna gain pattern for an antenna in the selected set of antennas. The method further includes evaluating an expected performance of an antenna configuration corresponding to the selected set of antennas, relative to a performance of an existing antenna configuration. The method also includes initiating usage of the antenna configuration in accordance with improved performance relative to the existing antenna configuration. The antenna configuration comprises a polarization configuration, and the selected set of antennas comprises elements in different planes.

Abstract: A stabilization control method for a satellite tracking antenna disclosed herein includes outputting a monopulse signal and a gyro signal through a satellite tracking antenna having a gyro mounted thereto, under a situation that disturbance is applied to the satellite tracking antenna, inputting the output monopulse signal and gyro signal into a Kalman filter for stabilization of the satellite tracking antenna, defining a state vector of the Kalman filter based on a pointing-error angle for the satellite tracking, corresponding to the monopulse signal, and a pointing-error angular velocity for the satellite tracking, corresponding to the gyro signal, predicting an original monopulse signal corresponding to a state prior to distortion of the monopulse signal based on the defined state vector, and continuously updating the prediction of the original monopulse signal, and carrying out the stabilization control for the satellite tracking antenna by using the predicted original monopulse signal as a pointing-error

Abstract: A Communications base-station configured to operate as a hub in a wireless network and provide communication services to a set of remote customer devices using a wireless protocol is disclosed. The communications base-station includes an antenna array having a plurality of antennae arranged in a fashion as to enable the antenna array to transmit and receive wireless signals in both a substantially omnidirectional and non-omnidirectional pattern, a physical layer (PHY) device coupled to the antenna array and configured to transmit and receive wireless signals and a media access control (MAC) device coupled to the PHY device and configured to direct the antenna array to concurrently provide beamformed wireless signals to a first customer device and omnidirectional wireless signals to second customer device.

Abstract: An interference reduction system is operable to reduce interference experienced by one or more antennas. The system detects the presence of one or more interference signals. The system then causes an antenna's radiation pattern to change. The change in the radiation pattern results in a reduction in interference.

Abstract: A communication system including a plurality of horn antennas, a waveguide feed network, and a converter unit coupled to the plurality of horn antennas is disclosed. The waveguide feed network is coupled to each horn antenna, splits an information signal into a first component signal having a first polarization and a second component signal having a second polarization and provides a first summed component signal at a first feed port and a second summed component signal at a second feed port. The converter unit receives the first summed component signal and the second summed component signal and compensates for polarization skew between the antenna array and a source.

Abstract: An alignment device provides position information for an antenna coupled to an extendable tower. The alignment device can provide position data including pitch data, roll data, and azimuth data. The position data can be collected at multiple times, and reported to a remote computing device. The position data can be reported as the raw measured data, a delta between two sets of position data, or other data. The alignment device may be solar powered and include a transceiver client for communicating with a remote computing device via a transceiver server.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a positional state of an airborne array antenna using distributed accelerometers are described.

Abstract: A user-controlled method for modifying the radiation of a wireless device (1) in one or more volumes used for in-house communications, comprising user-selecting this one or more volumes (10, 10?, 10?, 10??, 10IV) while holding the orientation of this wireless device (1) modifying the intensity of this radiation in one or more directions so as to control the radiation in this user-selected one or more volumes (10, 10?, 10?, 10??, 10IV). The invention allows the user to define volumes or regions where radiation should be modified, e.g. reduced, and one or more temporal intervals in which this radiation should be reduced.

Abstract: A system and method of training antennas for two devices having heterogeneous antenna configurations in a wireless network is disclosed. The method includes communicating one or more estimation training sequences between two devices via a phased array antenna and a switched array antenna, wherein a beamforming vector of the phased array antenna is switched between phase vectors within a set of weight vectors while the switched array antenna is switched within a plurality of antenna sectors. The method further includes tuning at least one of the phase array and switched array antennas with an antenna parameter selected based at least in part on the one or more estimation training sequences. The method further includes communicating data messages via at least one of the phase array and switched array antennas so tuned.

Abstract: An in-flight entertainment (IFE) system for an aircraft includes a phased array antenna and control circuitry associated therewith to be carried by the aircraft and to generate dual antenna beams for television programming and Internet data from respective spaced apart satellites. A television programming distribution system is to be carried by the aircraft and coupled to the phased array antenna and control circuitry to provide television programming within the aircraft. At least one access point is to be carried by the aircraft and coupled to the phased array antenna and control circuitry to provide a wireless local area network (WLAN) within the aircraft for the Internet data.

Abstract: Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of wireless communication via multiple antenna assemblies. For example, a device may include a wireless communication unit to transmit and receive signals via one or more quasi-omnidirectional antenna assemblies, wherein the wireless communication unit is to transmit, via each quasi-omnidirectional antenna assembly, a plurality of first transmissions, to receive, in response to the first transmissions, a plurality of second transmissions from another device via one or more of the quasi-omnidirectional antenna assemblies, and, based on the second transmissions, to select at least one selected transmit antenna assembly for transmitting to the other device and a selected receive antenna assembly for receiving transmissions from the other device. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: For determining the topology of a bulk material surface, a series of echo curves are detected in different primary radiation directions of the antenna. Subsequently, for each distance cell of the echo curves, the maximum of all of the echo curves is determined and the distance thereof is plotted as a function of the coordinates thereof so as to obtain an image of the topology of the bulk material surface in two or three dimensions.

Abstract: A normality detector includes a steering angle yaw rate calculator, a first difference calculator, a lateral G yaw rate calculator, a second difference calculator, and a normality determination section. The steering angle yaw rate calculator calculates a steering angle yaw rate. The first difference calculator calculates a first difference which is a difference between the steering angle yaw rate and an actual yaw rate. The lateral G yaw rate calculator calculates a lateral G yaw rate. The second difference calculator calculates a second difference which is a difference between the lateral G yaw rate and the actual yaw rate. The normality determination section determines that the yaw rate detector is in a normal state when the first difference falls within a first predetermined value and the second difference falls within a second predetermined value.